jD;a;hl cHd

27

fuu mdvu yeoEfuka Tng

jD;a;hl cHdhl uOH ,laIHh yd flakah hd lrk fLdj cHdhg
,n f" hk m%fhh Nd;fhka .eg iug
jD;a;hl flakafha isg cHdhlg wk ,o ,nfhka cHdh iufo f
hk m%fhh Nd;fhka .eg iug
yelshdj ,efnkq we;'

IalN

mh

flakah

fldaKudkhl wdOdrfhka
( fyda
) fldaKfha w.h uek fidhkaak' tu
fldaKh 90x nj" tk OC yd AB tlsfklg ,n nj kslaIKh lrkak'

fuu jD;a;fha u .ska fjkia jQ ;j;a cHd lsysmhla we|" tla tla cHdfha uOH
,laIHh yd flakah hd lrk fLdj" tla tla cHdhg ,n nj kslaIKh
lrkak'
fjkia wr iys; jD;a; lSmhla o we| by; l%shdldrlfuys fhfokak'
Tn ,nd .;a w;aoelS mx;sfha wfkla isiqka iu idlPd lrkak'
Tn ykd .;a inkaOh jD;a;hl cHd inkaO m%fhhls'

cHdh
wrh

jD;a;hl flakafha isg jD;a;h u; ,laIHhlg we fLd LKavhg tu jD;a;fha
wrhla hehs lshkq ,ef ^rEmh n,kak&' fuu fLd LKavfha ." jD;a;h u;
l=uk ,laIHhla f;dard .;a; o fjkia fkd f' ;j o fuu wrfhys . o wrh
f,i yekaf'
jD;a;hla u; ,laIH folla hd lrk ir, fLd LKavhla cHdhla f,i yekaf'

flakah yryd hk cHdhlg IalNhla hehs lshkq ,ef' jD;a;hl IalN
ish,a, .ska iudk f' jD;a;fha YalNhl . i|yd o IalNh hehs lshkq
,ef' IalNh" jD;a;hl . u cHdh f' jD;a;hl YalNhl . tys wrfha
. fuka fo.=Khla f'

m%fhh(
jD;a;hl flakah;a cHdhl uOH ,laIHh;a hd lrk fLdj cHdhg ,n f'
by; m%fhh weiqfrka .Kkh ls is lrk whqre uid n,uq'
ksoiqk 1
AB hkq O flakah yd wrh 5 cm jQ jD;a;hl cHdhls' AB ys uOH ,laIHh C f'
AB = 8 cm k OC ys . fidhkak'
by; f;dr;=re oelafjk rEmhla wuq'

cm
B

27'1 jD;a;hl flakah;a cHdhl uOH ,laIHh;a hd lrk fLd

LKavh

l%shdldrlu 1

OCB ;%sfldaKh RcqfldaKsl ;%sfldaKhla f'

fuu ;%sfldaKhg mhs;.ria m%fhh fhfuka OC . fidhuq'
^C hkq AB ys uOH ,laIHh ksid&

lvodishla u; ljlgqj wdOdrfhka wrh fikagr 3la muK jQ jD;a;hla we`o"

flakah O f,i k lrkak' tys IalNhla fkdjk AB cHdhla wkak'
fldafjka uekSfuka cHdfha uOH ,laIHh C f,i ,l=Kq lr OC hd lrkak'
98

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

^jD;a;hl flakah;a cHdfha uOH ,laIHh;a hd lrk fLdj cHdhg ,nhs&

OB = 5 cm
^jD;a;fha wrh&
2
2
2
OB = OC + CB ^mhs;.ria m%fhh&
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

99

27'1 wNHdih
1' my; tla tla rEmfha we;s o;a; wkqj xys w.h fidhkak' O u.ska tla tla
jD;a;fha flakah oelaf'
(ii)

(i)

(iii)

ksoiqk 2

O
x
30x

55x

PQ hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHdhls' PQ ys uOH ,laIHh R f'

fidhkak'

(v)

(iv)
B

X
O

40x

110x

x
=
Y

^jD;a;hl flakah;a cHdhl uOH ,laIHh;a hd lrk fLdj cHdhg
,n ksid&
;%sfldaKhl wNHka;r fldaKj, tl;=j 180x ksid

=
P

=
C

(vi)

=
B

45

x
O

2' PQ hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHdhls' tys uOH ,laIHh R

f' PQ = 12 cm yd OR = 8 cm k" jD;a;fha wrh fidhkak'

3' AB iy BC hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl tlsfklg ,n cHd

folls' AB = 12 cm o BC = 8 cm o f' AB iy BC cHdhkaf.a
uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska X yd Y f' OXBY p;=ri%fha m;sh
fidhkak'

100 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

x
O

60x

B
Y
C

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h' 101

4' AB iy BC hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHd f'

tu cHdhkaf.a uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska X yd Y f'
AB = 8 cm o BC = 6 cm o k BXOY p;=ri%fha m;sh
fidhkak'

by; m%fhh Nd;fhka wkqfhh idOkh lrk whqre uid n,uq'

ksoiqk 1

A
C

D
Y

5' PQR ;%sfldaKfha P, Q iy R ,laIH O flakah jQ jD;a;hl

msysgd we;' PQ iy QR mdoj, uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska A iy
B f' PQ = 16 cm, OA = 6 cm iy
k QR
mdofha . fidhkak'

B
C

A
Q

O
B

OX = OY nj fmkau i|yd OXB yd OYC ;%sfldaK fol lK md' wjia:dj

Nd;fhka wx.iu nj fmkajuq'

OXB yd OYC ;%sfldaK fol i,luq'

yd

27'2 jD;a;hl flakah;a cHdhl uOH ,laIHh;a hd lrk fLdj cHdhg ,n

f hk m%fhh u;a idOkh

tk XB = YC ^AB = CD, X yd Y hkq iudk cHdj, uOH ,laIH ksid&

X

o;a;h
: AB hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHdhls' AB ys uOH ,laIHh X
f'
idOkh l< hq;a; : ABg OX ,n nj
ksudKh
: OA yd OB hd lrkak'
idOkh
: OXA iy OXB ;%sfldaKj,
AO = BO ^tlu jD;a;fha wr&
AX = XB ^AB mdofha uOH ,laIHh X neka&
OX fmd mdoh f'
^md'md'md' wjia:dj&

^ir, fLdjla u; fldaK&

ABg OX ,n f'

102 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

f' ^X hkq AB ys uOH ,laIHh o" Y hkq CD ys

uOH ,laIHh o ksid&

OB = OC ^tlu jD;a;fha wr ksid&

AB iy CD hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl .ska iudk cHd

folls' tAjdfha uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska X iy Y f'
OX = OY nj idOkh lrkak'

ksoiqk 2
R
P

Q
O

O flakah jQ jD;a;hl msys PQ cHdfha uOH ,laIHh S f'

OS lA l< g R ys jD;a;h yuq f' RS = SO k"
OPRQ frdnihla nj fmkajkak'

PS = SQ ^PQ cHdfha uOH ,laIHh S ksid&

RS = SO ^o;a;h&
OPRQ iudka;rdi%hls ^p;=ri%fha lK tlsfkl iufo jk ksid&
= 90x ^m%fhh weiqfrka&
tk PQ yd RO tlsfklg ,nj iufokh f'
PRQO frdnihls ^lK ,nj iufo jk p;=ri%hl frdnihla ksid&
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h' 103

27'2 wNHdih
1'

O flakah jQ jD;a;fha PQ cHdfha uOH ,laIHh R f k o

o k RQ = OR nj fmkajkak'

D
B
O

AB hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;fha cHdhls' tys uOH ,laIHh C

f' la lrk ,o OC, Dys jD;a;hg yuq f' AD = DB nj
fmkajkak'

7'

by; m%fhfhka m%ldY jQfha cHdhl uOH ,laIHhg flakah hd lrk fLdj
cHdhg ,n njhs' tys f,dauh o i;H f' th my; m%fhfhka oelaf'
m%fhh: jD;a;hl flakafha isg cHdhlg wkq ,nk ,nfhka tu
cHdh iufokh f'

4'

5'

ABC ;%sfldaKfha A, B yd C ,laIH" O flakah jQ jD;a;hla

u; msysghs' BCys uOH ,laIHh X f' AX fLdj u; O
msysghs k" AB = AC nj fmkajkak'

jD;a;hl flakafha isg cHdhlg w`kq ,nk ,nfhka cHdh iufo f hk

m%fhh Nd;fhka .Kkh ls wvx.= ksoiqka lsysmhla oeka wm uid n,uq'

27'3 m%fhfha f,dauh yd tys Nd;

O
C

PQ iy RS, O flakah jQ jD;a;hl iudk cHd folls'

tAjdfha uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska X iy Y f'
nj fmkajkak'

3'

O flakah jQ jD;a;fha AB iy BC cHdhkaf.a uOH

nj
,laIH ms<sfj,ska P iy Q f'
fmkajkak'

B
Q

2' A

6'

PQ iy QR, O flakah jQ jD;a;hl tlsfklg ,n cHd

folls' tu cHd fofla uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska X iy Y f'
OXQY RcqfldaKdi%hla nj fmkajkak'

M
C

AB iy CD, O flakah jQ jD;a;fha cHd f'

tu cHdhkaf.a uOH ,laIH ms<sfj<ska P iy Q
f' AB yd DC cHd la l< g M ys yuq f'
yd
mmQrl fldaK hq.,hla nj
fmkajkak'

ksoiqk 1
AB iy BC hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl msys .ska iudk
cHdhka f' O isg cHdhkag wk ,o ,n ms<sfj,ska OX
k
ys w.h fidhkak'
iy OY f'
OX
AB yd OY
BC ksid
AB ys uOH ,laIHh X o
BC ys uOH ,laIHh Y o f
;jo" AB = BC nj we;s ksid thska XB = YB nj ,ef'

A
X
O

70x B
Y

f'

104 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h' 105

ksoiqk 2
O flakah jQ jD;a;hl PQ cHdhg wk ,o ,nh OR f'
OR = 3 cm iy PQ = 8 cm k jD;a;fha wrh fidhkak'
PQ
OR ksid R hkq PQ ys uOH ,laIHh f'

4'

>

PQ iy RS hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl flakah fomiska

msys iudka;r cHd folls' jD;a;fha wrh 10 cm f'
PQ = 16 cm iy SR = 12 cm k" cHd fol w;r r
fidhkak'

O
O
S
P

oeka"

>

;s%fldaKhg mhs;.ria m%fhh fhfuka

R

5.

P
S

R
O

PQ iy RS hkq O flakah jQ we;s jD;a;h u; msys

tlsfklg iudka;r cHd folls' jD;a;fha wrh 10 cm
f' PQ = 12 cm o SR = 16 cm k" cHd fol w;r r
fidhkak'

jD;a;fha wrh 5 cm f'

27'4 jD;a;hl flaka fha isg cHdhg wk ,o ,nfhka cHdh iufokh

f hk m%fhh Nd;fhka wkqfhhka idOkh lsu

27'3 wNHdih
A

1'

O
C

ABC iumdo ;%sfldaKfha A, B yd C ,laIH O flakah jQ

jD;a;h u; msysgd we;' O isg BCg wk ,o ,nh OX
f' XB = 6 cm k ABC ;%sfldaKfha m;sh fidhkak'

ksoiqk 1
AB iy BC hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl iudk cHdhhka folls' O isg AB g iy
BC g wk ,o ,n OX iy OY f' OX = OY nj idOkh lrkak'
B

X
Y

2'

PQ hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHdhls' O isg PQg

wk ,o ,nh OR f' PQ = 12 cm, OR = 8 cm k
OPQ ;%sfldaKfha m;sh fidhkak'

3'

PQ hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl msys cHdhls' O isg PQg

wk ,o ,nh OX f' PQ = 6 cm yd jD;a;fha wrh
5 cm k OX ys . fidhkak'

106 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

C

OXB yd OYB RcqfldaKsl ;%sfldaK lK md' wjia:dj hgf;a wx.iu lsu u.ska
OX = OY nj idOkh lruq'
OXB yd OYB RcqfldaKsl ;%sfldaKj,
OB fmd mdoh f'
AB = BC neka XB = YB f ^by; m%fhh wkqj&
^lK md'&
^wx.iu ;%sfldaKj, b;s wkqrEm wx. iudk ksid&
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h' 107

27'4 wNHdih
A

1'

PQ iy RS, O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHdhka folls' OX

iy OY, O isg PQ iy RSg wk ,o ,n f' OX = OY
k PQ =RS nj idOkh lrkak' ^b`.sh( OS yd OQ hd
lrkak&

X
S

3'
AB hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl msys" . 8 cm jQ cHdhls' O isg
X
O
Y cHdhg wk ,o ,nh X ys cHdh fokh lrk w;r Y

ys jD;a;h yuq f' XY = 3 cm k jD;a;fha wrh fidhkak'
B

2'

ABC ;%sfldaKfha A, B iy C ,laIH" O flakah jQ

jD;a;hla u; msysgd we;' ABg iy BCg O isg wk ,o
nj
,n OX iy OY f' AX = CY k
idOkh lrkak'

O
A

3'

4'

AB hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHdhls' tys uOH ,laIHh X

f' X isg O yryd wk ,o fLdj u; C ,laIHh msysgd we;'
AC = BC nj idOkh lrkak'

X
P
Y

5'

AB iy BC hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl tlsfklg ,n"

iudk cHdh folls' we;s o;a; weiqfrka OXBY
iup;=ri%hla nj idOkh lrkak'

PQ iy PR hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHd f' O isg PQg

iy PRg wk ,n OX iy OY f' RX yd QY ir, fLd
k PQ = PR nj idOkh lrkak'

6' jD;a;hl flakahg 5 cm ka 24 cm . cHdhla msysghs' ;j;a cHdhla flakahg

12 cm ka msysghs' tu cHdfha . fidhkak'

A
B

4'

AB iy AC hkq O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHd folls' O

isg ACg wk ,o ,nh OQ f' 2AB = AC k
AB = AQ nj idOkh lrkak'

Q
O

7'

ABC iumdo ;%sfldaKfha A, B iy C ,laIH" O flakah jQ

jD;a;hl msysgd we;' flakafha isg ;%sfldaKfha mdoj,g
wk ,o ,n OX, OY yd OZ f' OX = OY = OZ nj
idOkh lrkak'

Y% wNHdih
R

1' jD;a;hl cHdhla flakahg 8 cm ka msysghs' cHdfha . 12 cmla k jD;a;fha

wrh fidhkak'
O flakah jQ jD;a;hl wrh 5 cm f' tys AB iy BC
cHdhkaf.a . 6 cm iy 8 cm f' cHdj, uOH ,laIHh X
A iy Y f' OXBY p;=ri%fha m;sh fidhkak'

2 '

O
Y

108 fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h'

P
Y

8'

O
S

PQ iy RS, O flakah jQ jD;a;hl cHd folls' O isg PQ

iy RSg wk ,o ,n OX iy OY f'
nj fmkajkak'

Q
fkdf,a fnod yeu i`oyd h' 109