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Polaris Burmese Library - Singapore - Collection - Volume 143
Polaris Burmese Library - Singapore - Collection - Volume 143
ppftmPm&Sifpepfwdkufzsufa&;
jidrf;csrf;a&;'dDrdkua&pDa&;vlYtcGifhta&;
aqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143
Burma/Myanmar Affairs Vol 143
txl;aqmif;yg;
ေက်ာင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္ ကိုဘေကာင္း
စစ္ဗိုလ္ခ်ဴပ္ေတြ ဘယ္လိုလုပ္လုပ္
ေက်ာင္းသားလႈပ္ရွားမႈသမိုင္းဟာ ခါးျပတ္မသြား ပါကလား။
ေမာင္စြမ္းရည္
yHkEdSyfrSwfwrf;
ppftmPm&Sifpepfwdkufzsufa&;
jidrf;csrf;a&;'dDrdkua&pDa&;vlYtcGifhta&;
aqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143
Burma/Myanmar Affairs Vol 143
အထူးေဆာင္းပါး မာတိကာ
ေက်ာင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္ ကိုဘေကာင္း
စစ္ဗိုလ္ခ်ဴပ္ေတြ ဘယ္လိုလုပ္လုပ္
ေက်ာင္းသားလႈပ္ရွားမႈသမိုင္းဟာ ခါးျပတ္မသြား ပါကလား။
ေမာင္စြမ္းရည္
ေဒၞေအာင္ဆန္းစုဳကည္ကို ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲ
ပၝဝင္မရေအာင္ စစ္အစိုးရလုပ္
မေကၾးတကၠသိုလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားတခဵိႂႚကို
ရဲအဖၾဲႚဝင္ေတၾက ႟ိုက္ႎႀက္ဖမ္းဆီး
ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲဥပေဒ
တိုင္းရင္းသားပၝတီေတၾလက္မခံ
ေကအိုင္အိုနယ္ေျမအနီး နအဖတပ္ႏွင့္
အာဏာပိုင္မ်ားဘိန္းခင္းဖ်က္ဆီးေရး ျပဳလုပ္
သူခုိးလက္က သူ၀ွက္ဆီေရာက္
ဦးေအာင္ခင္ (ေ၀ဖန္သုံးသပ္ခ်က္)
ေနျပည္ေတာ္ ဟိုတယ္အားလံုးတြင္
သႀကၤန္မ႑ပ္ တည္ေဆာက္ရမည္
န အ ဖ စစ္အာဏာရွင္ေတြကို ယံုစားရင္
အကုန္မွားလိမ့္မယ္ ေရႊျပည္စိုး
ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲဥပေဒ ကုလသမဂၢရဲ့
ေတာင္းဆုိခဵက္နဲႛ ကုိက္ညီမႁမရႀိ
ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲဥပေဒသစ္ရႀက္ဖၾယ္ေကာင္းေဳကာင္း
ေဒၞေအာင္ဆန္းစုဳကည္ ေ၀ဖန္
ေကဵာင္းသားေခၝင္းေဆာင္ ေကဵာ္ကိုကိုအေပၞ
ေနာက္ထပ္ စၾဲခဵက္ အသစ္တင္
အႏွစ္ခ်ဳပ္
Digest
ေက်ာင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္ ကိုဘေကာင္း
စစ္ဗိုလ္ခ်ဴပ္ေတြ ဘယ္လိုလုပ္လုပ္
ေက်ာင္းသားလႈပ္ရွားမႈသမိုင္းဟာ ခါးျပတ္မသြား ပါကလား။
-ကိုဘေကာင္းရဲ့ တကၠသိုလ္ေက်ာင္းသား
ဘ၀တေလွ်ာက္မွာ ေအာက္တိုဘာတလေက်ာင္းပိတ္ေရး
တိုက္ပြဲ၊ သံုးခါက်ေက်ာင္းထုတ္စနစ္ တိုက္ပြဲ၊ အိမ္ေစာင့္အစိုးရ
(ဗိုလ္ေန၀င္းစစ္အစိုးရ) ဆန္႔က်င္ေရးတိုက္ပြဲ၊
တရုတ္ျဖဴက်ဴးေက်ာ္သူ ဆန္႔က်င္ေရးလႈပ္ရွားမႈ၊
ျပည္တြင္းၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရး လႈပ္ရွားမႈ၊
ဒီမိုကေရစီပညာေရးလႈပ္ရွားမႈ စတဲ့ ေက်ာင္းသားလႈပ္ရွားမႈ
အမ်ိဴးမ်ိဴးမွာ ေရွ႔တန္းက ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ ေနာက္တန္းကျဖစ္ျဖစ္
အၿမဲပါ၀င္ လႈပ္ရွားခဲ့သူအျဖစ္ က်ေနာ္တို႔ သိရွိ
ေလးစားခဲ့ရပါတယ္။ ဗကသေဇာ္၀င္း၊ ကိုခင္ေအာင္၊
ေမာင္ကိုယု စတဲ့ ေက်ာင္းသားမ်ားနွင့္အတူ အစိုးရက
ဖမ္း၀ရမ္းထုတ္တာကို ခံရဖူးေၾကာင္းကိုလဲ သတင္းစာေတြမွာ
ဖတ္ခဲ့ရဖူးပါတယ္။
- ကိုဘေကာင္းဟာ ဒဂုန္တာရာ၊ ဗန္းေမာ္တင္ေအာင္၊
သခင္အုန္းျမင့္၊ လင္းယုန္ဘ၀င္း၊ လင္းယုန္ေမာင္ေမာင္
စသူတို႔နဲ႔လဲ ရင္းႏွီးပါတယ္။ ဦးဘ၀င္း ဘုန္းႀကီးဘ၀မွာ
ႏူိင္ငံေရးအထူး၀ါသနာပါလို႔
ကိုဘေကာင္းနဲ႔တြဲခဲ့ဖူးတယ္လို႔
vrf;jyMu,fjrefrmpmMunfYwdkuf ( pifumyl ) vufa&G;pifaqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143 9
jynfolvlxktaygif;cHpm;ae&aom qif;&J'kuQrsdK;pHkrS vGwfajrmufatmif ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk t&ifOD;qHk;wdkufzsufjypf&rnf/
- အခ်ဳိ႕အလုပ္ရွင္မ်ားက လစာတိုးေတာင္းပါက
စက္႐ံုကိုပိတ္ပစ္မည္ဆုိၿပီး ေျပာေၾကာင္း၊
အလုပ္သမားကို လစာတိုးေပးသင့္ ပါလ်က္
မေပးႏိုင္ေသာေၾကာင့္ စက္႐ံုပိတ္မည္ ဆိုျခင္းမ်ဳိးမွာ
မျဖစ္သင့္ေၾကာင္း
- စက္႐ံုအမ်ားစုတြင္ အလုပ္သမားမ်ားကို
ေပးေသာလစာမွာ တလလွ်င္ က်ပ္ (၃၀,၀၀၀)
ေက်ာ္သာ ရွိေၾကာင္း သိရသည္။အစုိးရ၀န္ထမ္းမ်ား
လစာထပ္မံတုိးျမႇင့္မည္ဟူေသာ သတင္းေၾကာင့္လည္း
ပုဂၢလိကလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားမွ အလုပ္သမားမ်ားကလည္း
လစာတုိးျမႇင့္ေတာင္းဆိုမႈမ်ား
ထပ္မံျဖစ္ပြားလာႏိုင္ေၾကာင္း ရန္ကုန္တိုင္း
အလုပ္သမားဥပေဒစစ္ေဆးေရး႐ံုးမွ အရာရွိတဦးက
vrf;jyMu,fjrefrmpmMunfYwdkuf ( pifumyl ) vufa&G;pifaqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143 14
jynfolvlxktaygif;cHpm;ae&aom qif;&J'kuQrsdK;pHkrS vGwfajrmufatmif ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk t&ifOD;qHk;wdkufzsufjypf&rnf/
ေျပာၾကားသည္။
- ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံတြင္ စက္မႈဇုန္ (၁၈) ဇုန္ရွိၿပီး
စက္မႈလုပ္ငန္းအမ်ဳိးအစားေပါင္း (၃၀၀) ခန္႔
လုပ္ေဆာင္ေနကာ ရန္ကုန္တုိင္းတြင္ ၿပီးခဲ့သည့္ ၂၀၁၀
ဇန္န၀ါရီ လဆန္းပိုင္းမွစ၍ လႈိင္သာယာ၊ ေရႊျပည္သာ၊
အင္းစိန္၊ ဒဂံုၿမိဳ႕သစ္ေတာင္ပိုင္း စသည့္
စက္မႈဇုန္စက္႐ံုတုိ႔တြင္ ဆႏၵျပမႈမ်ား (၁၀)
ႀကိမ္ထက္မနည္း ျဖစ္ပြားခဲ့သည္။
၁၉၉၀-ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲမတိုင္မီက ပါတီစံုေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ
က်င္းပေပးမယ္။ အႏိုင္ရပါတီကို အာဏာလႊဲေပးျပီး
စစ္တန္းလ်ားျပန္မယ္-လို႔ အတိအလင္းေၾကညာပါတယ္။
ဒါေပမယ့္ ၂၀၁၀-အတြင္း လြတ္လပ္ျပီး တရားမွ်တတဲ့
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ က်င္းပေပးမယ္-လို႔သာ ပါတယ္
အႏိုင္ရပါတီကို အာဏာလႊဲေပးျပီး
စစ္တန္းလ်ားျပန္မယ္ဆိုတဲ့ ကတိစကား
တလံုးမွမပါတာေၾကာင့္ ဗိုလ္သန္းေရႊ ဦးေဆာင္တဲ့
စစ္အာဏာရွင္အုပ္စုဟာ ဒီမိုကေရစီအင္အားစုဘက္က
ပါတီတခုခုက အႏိုင္ရပါက အာဏာလႊဲေပးမွာမဟုတ္သလို
စစ္တန္းလ်ားလဲ ျပန္မွာမဟုတ္ပါ။
ေက်ာင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္ ကိုဘေကာင္း
စစ္ဗိုလ္ခ်ဴပ္ေတြ ဘယ္လိုလုပ္လုပ္
ေက်ာင္းသားလႈပ္ရွားမႈသမိုင္းဟာ ခါးျပတ္မသြား ပါကလား။
ေမာင္စြမ္းရည္
မတ္ ၁၀၊ ၂၀၁၀
http://moemaka.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6021&Itemid=1
ကိုဘေကာင္းဆိုတာ “တကသ ဘေကာင္း” လို႔ ထင္ရွားသူပါ စစ္ၿပီးေခတ္
(ဖဆပလ ေခတ္) တေလွ်ာက္ ေက်ာင္းသားလႈပ္ရွားမႈေတြမွာ
၀ါ၀င္ေခါင္းေဆာင္ခဲ့သူျဖစ္လို႔ အတိုက္အခံႏိုင္ငံေရးသမားႀကီးတဦးလို႔
အထူးထင္ရွားခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ကိုကိုးကၽြန္းကို အပို႔ခံရမယ့္ ေက်ာင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္တဦး
ျဖစ္ေပမယ့္လဲ တျခားေက်ာင္းသားေခါင္းေဆာင္ သံုးေလးဦးနဲ႔အတူ အေရွာင္ေကာင္းခဲ့လို႔
လြတ္ေနခဲ့သူတဦးျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
သူနဲ႔ေက်ာင္းေနဘက္ျဖစ္ၿပီး ေရွ႔ဆင့္ေနာက္ဆင့္ဆိုသလို
တကၠသိုလ္လႈပ္ရွားမႈေတြမွာ ပါ၀င္ခဲ့သူေတြကေတာ့ ေဒါက္တာသန္းထြန္း၊ ဦးခ်မ္းေအး၊
ဦးကိုယု၊ ေဒၚျမင့္ျမင့္ခင္၊ မံုရြာတင္ေရႊ၊ ကိုလွ၀င္း၊ ကိုစိုးသိန္း၊ ကိုခင္ေမာင္အုန္း၊ ကိုေဇာ္၀င္း
စသူေတြ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ပညာေရး၀န္ႀကီး ဘူမိေဗဒပညာရွင္ ေဒါက္တာညီညီနဲ႔
စစ္ေထာက္လွမ္းေရး ဗိုလ္ခ်ဴပ္တင္ဦးတို႔လဲ ေက်ာင္းေနဘက္ေတြပါပဲ။
ကိုဘေကာင္းဟာ ဦးခ်မ္းေအး သခင္တင္ျမ စတဲ့ ႏူိင္ငံေရးသမားမ်ားနဲ႔လဲ
အဆက္အသြယ္ရွိတဲ့ “ယူဂ်ီ” တဦးလို႔လဲ ၾကားဖူးပါတယ္။ ေနာက္ပိုင္းမွာ က်ေနာ္နဲ႔
အထူးရင္းႏွီးခဲ့ေပမဲ့ ဒါေတြကို လံုး၀မေမးမိ မေဆြးေႏြးမိလိုက္ပါဘူး။ “ယူဂ်ီ” ဆိုတာ
ဘယ္လိုလူမ်ိဳးလို႔ ေသခ်ာမသိေပမယ့္ ကိုဘေကာင္းဟာ ယူဂ်ီပံုစံ
အျပည့္ရွိသူတဦးလို႔ေတာ့ ထင္မိစရာပါပဲ။ ဘာျဖစ္လို႔လဲဆိုေတာ့ သူဟာ အေျပာအဆို
အေနအထိုင္ က်စ္လစ္သိပ္သည္းၿပီး ေပၚေပၚလြင္လြင္ေနေလ့မရွိလို႔ပါပဲ။ သူဟာ
အားကစား၀ါသနာရွင္တဦးလို႔ မသိရေပမယ့္ ေဘာလံုးပြဲေတြကိုေတာ့
မလြတ္တမ္းၾကည့္ေလ့ ရွိပါသတဲ့။ ေဘာလံုးပြဲေတြကို သာမက
တျခားအားကစားပြဲေတြကိုလဲ စိတ္၀င္စားဟန္ရွိပါတယ္။ သူ႔ရဲေဘာ္ေတြက သူ႔ကို
ရွာခ်င္ရင္ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ သူက ေရွာင္ခ်င္ရင္ျဖစ္ျဖစ္ ေဘာလံုးပြဲမွာပုန္းလွ်ိဳးကြယ္လွ်ဳိး
ေနတတ္တာေၾကာင့္ေကာ၊ မျပတ္ၾကည့္ရႈ႔ေနတတ္တာေတြ႔ရလို႔ အားကစားကိစၥေတြကို
တကယ္ပဲ စိတ္၀င္စားေရာသလားလို႔လဲ ေတြးၾကည့္ဖူးပါတယ္။
ကိုဘေကာင္းရဲ့ တကၠသိုလ္ေက်ာင္းသား ဘ၀တေလွ်ာက္မွာ
ေအာက္တိုဘာတလေက်ာင္းပိတ္ေရး တိုက္ပြဲ၊ သံုးခါက်ေက်ာင္းထုတ္စနစ္ တိုက္ပြဲ၊
အိမ္ေစာင့္အစိုးရ (ဗိုလ္ေန၀င္းစစ္အစိုးရ) ဆန္႔က်င္ေရးတိုက္ပြဲ၊ တရုတ္ျဖဴက်ဴးေက်ာ္သူ
ဆန္႔က်င္ေရးလႈပ္ရွားမႈ၊ ျပည္တြင္းၿငိမ္းခ်မ္းေရး လႈပ္ရွားမႈ၊ ဒီမိုကေရစီပညာေရးလႈပ္ရွားမႈ
စစ္ဗိုလ္ခ်ဴပ္ေတြ ဘယ္လိုလုပ္လုပ္
ေက်ာင္းသားလႈပ္ရွားမႈသမိုင္းဟာ ခါးျပတ္မသြား ပါကလား။
(ေမာင္စြမ္းရည္ - ၂၀၁၀ ေဖေဖၚ၀ါရီ ၁၁)
ျပည့္တန္ဆာေခါင္းတဦး၊
လူမုိက္ေခါင္းေဆာင္တဦးတုိ႔ႏွင့္ ေတြ႔ဆုံျခင္း
ရန္လုိကြ်ဲ
မတ္ ၁၀၊ ၂၀၁၀
http://moemaka.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6025&It
ရန္ကုန္ၿမိဳ႕ေတာ္မွ ျပည့္တန္ဆာေခါင္းမ်ား၊ ဟန္ျပအႏွိပ္ခန္းတုိ႔၏ ပုိင္ရွင္မ်ား၊
ခါးပုိက္ႏိႈက္မ်ား ယခုတေလာ ဂဏွာမၿငိမ္၊ မူမမွန္ ျဖစ္ေနၾကသည္ဟု မိတ္ေဆြ
သတင္းေထာက္မ်ားက ေျပာသျဖင့္ သတင္းေထာက္ ရန္လုိကြ်ဲ ကြ်ႏု္ပ္မွာ ညာဘက္
နားရြက္ ႏွင့္ ဘယ္ဘက္နားရြက္တုိ႔ ေထာင္မတ္ၿပီး မ်က္လုံးႏွစ္ဘက္ ျပဴးထြက္သြားသည္။
အႏွီသတင္းေနာက္ လုိက္လုိသျဖင့္ ျမဴးျမဴးသြက္သြက္ ျဖစ္သြားသည္။ အႏွီသတင္း၏
ထူးခ်က္ေၾကာင့္ အင္တာနက္ဆုိင္သုိ႔ သုတ္ေခ်တင္ကာ moemaka.com
အယ္ဒီတာမင္းတုိ႔ကုိ အင္တာနက္ Gtalk မွ တဆင့္ အခ်က္အလက္ ပုိ႔လုိက္သည္။
vrf;jyMu,fjrefrmpmMunfYwdkuf ( pifumyl ) vufa&G;pifaqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143 24
jynfolvlxktaygif;cHpm;ae&aom qif;&J'kuQrsdK;pHkrS vGwfajrmufatmif ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk t&ifOD;qHk;wdkufzsufjypf&rnf/
Burma's military rulers have issued a law which will bar pro-democracy leader
Aung San Suu Kyi from participating in planned elections.
The new law prohibits anyone with a a criminal conviction from taking part.
Ms Suu Kyi was already excluded from political office by a clause in the
constitution which bars people with foreign spouses. She has been detained
for most of the past 20 years on various charges, after winning the last
elections in 1988. The Political Parties Registration Law was published in
official newspapers, in a series of daily announcements of laws intended to
guide the elections. No date has yet been set for polls which the military
intends to hold.
Credence doubt
The election law bars anyone convicted in a court of law, members of
religious orders and civil servants from joining political parties. It says that
March 9, 2010
Suu Kyi's supporters have said the conviction was a way to remove her from
the election campaign. The Nobel Peace Prize laureate has spent 14 of the
past two decades under house arrest.The new law forces Suu Kyi's party, the
National League for Democracy (NLD), to choose between honoring her as its
leader and risking the party being declared illegal or ejecting Suu Kyi from the
party and contesting the election.The NLD has 60 days to decide its course of
action, but party spokesman Nyan Winn said Wednesday that the party would
not comply with the new law.Suu Kyi, the iconic face of democracy in
Myanmar, also known as Burma, was placed under house arrest in 1989.The
next year, the NLD won more than 80 percent of the legislative seats in the
first free elections in the country in nearly 30 years. But the military junta
disqualified Suu Kyi from serving because of her house arrest and never
recognized the election results.The junta has promised to hold elections --
which would be the first since 1990 -- later this year, touting them as a step
CRIPPLING SANCTIONS
Myanmar's garment industry has shrunk by an estimated 75 percent since
sanctions were imposed in 2001 by the United States, the sector's biggest
market and the main source of the $816 million in revenue generated that
year.Trade embargoes led to a sharp fall in the years that followed and the
latest figure, for fiscal 2008/09 (April-March), was $292 million.Many Western
governments admit sanctions, imposed because of Myanmar's poor human
rights record, have had only a limited impact on the rich ruling generals.
Meanwhile, many ordinary citizens are struggling to make ends meet.The
Labour Ministry estimates Myanmar had 400 garment factories employing
300,000 workers in 2000, now down to 120 factories and with a combined
total of 60,000 staff.There is little hope of business picking up, with increased
competition from Bangladesh, Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand, which are
less bureaucratic and offer low costs and cheap labour.Those countries are
also entitled to the European Union's Generalised System of Preferences
(GSP), reduced trade tariffs not available to Myanmar because of sanctions on
the regime."The shrinking market has hit us a lot. To make matters worse, we
are not entitled to GSP ... which can make your profit rise by 11 percent to 17
percent," Myint Soe, chairman of Myanmar's Garment Entrepreneurs
Association, told Reuters.Monthly salaries of Myanmar garment workers range
from 35,000 to 45,000 kyat (about $35 to $45) compared with the $65
monthly minimum wage of their Vietnamese counterparts.Along with
hundreds of riot police, the government has dispatched Labour Ministry
officials to help negotiate an end to the recent strikes, but factory owners say
they have little room to manoeuvre and fear the worst."If they can agree an
increase of 5,000 kyat, it's okay, we can adjust it," said one owner, who asked
Amnesty says Myanmar must end the repression of minitorities before the vote
အေမရိကန္လက္ေထာက္ႏုိင္ငံျခားေရး၀န္ႀကီးကာ့တ္ ကမ္းဘဲလ္။
မေလးရွားႏုိင္ငံကို ေရာက္ေနတဲ့ အေရွ႕အာရွနဲ႔ ပစိဖိတ္ေရးရာ အေမရိကန္ လက္ေထာက္
ႏုိင္ငံျခားေရး၀န္ႀကီး ကာ့တ္ ကမ္းဘဲလ္ (Kurt Campbell) က ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံရဲ႕
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဥပေဒေတြနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္လို႔ ေ၀ဖန္ေျပာဆိုရင္း တခ်ိန္တည္းမွာ
ျမန္မာ့ဒီမုိကေရစီ ေခါင္းေဆာင္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ကို ျမန္မာျပည္ ႏုိင္ငံေရးမွာ အဓိက
အခန္းက႑က ပါ၀င္ခြင့္ေပးတာကို ေတြ႔ျမင္လိုတဲ့အေၾကာင္း ေျပာဆုိသြားတာပါ။
အာရွခရီးစဥ္အတြင္း မေလးရွားကို တရက္သြားေရာက္တဲ့ အခ်ိန္ ျမန္မာစစ္အစိုးရရဲ႕
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဥပေဒေတြအေပၚ သူ႔အေနနဲ႔ စိတ္ပ်က္မိတဲ့အေၾကာင္း အခုလို
ေျပာသြားခဲ့တာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။“ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ လုပ္ငန္းစဥ္အရ စလုပ္ေဆာင္ေနတဲ့
အေျခအေန အားလုံးကို က်ေနာ္တို႔ ၾကည့္ေနပါတယ္။ ၅ ခုထဲက ပထမ ထြက္လာတဲ့
ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပဲၾဥပေဒ အေမရိကန္အစိုးရ
သံသယရႀိ
2010-03-10 RFA
ေဒၞေအာင္ဆန္းစုဳကည္ကို ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲ
ပၝဝင္မရေအာင္ စစ္အစိုးရလုပ္
2010-03-10 RFA
မေကၾးတကၠသိုလ္ ေကဵာင္းသားတခဵိႂႚကို
ရဲအဖၾဲႚဝင္ေတၾက ႟ိုက္ႎႀက္ဖမ္းဆီး
2010-03-10 RFA
ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲဥပေဒ
တိုင္းရင္းသားပၝတီေတၾလက္မခံ
2010-03-10 RFA
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
ျမန္မာျဖစ္က အိမ္သာတက္ခြင့္မရွိ -
ဖို႔၀ိန္းဆိုင္တခုက တားျမစ္
မိုးမခအေထာက္ေတာ္ ၀၀၂
မတ္ ၁၁၊ ၂၀၁၀
လက္ခံရရွိေသာ ဖို႔၀ိန္းေဂဇက္သတင္းစာ ေဆာင္းပါးႏွင့္ ဓာတ္ပုံအရ Ricker’s City
Laundry အမည္ရွိ အ၀တ္ေလွ်ာ္စက္ဆိုင္တြင္ “ျမန္မာျဖစ္ပါက ၎တို႔အိမ္သာသုံးခြင့္
မေပးႏိုင္” ဟု တားျမစ္စာ ခ်ိတ္ဆြဲထားသည္ကို ေတြ႔ရသည္။
၎သည္ ဖို႔၀ိန္းျမိဳ႔ Calhoun Street & Rudistill Blvd. မွာ တည္ရွိသည္။
တပတ္ၾကာသည္အထိ ခ်ိတ္ဆြဲထားေသာ စာကို ျမိဳ႔ခံတို႔က မည္သို႔ သေဘာထားေၾကာင္း
မသိရေသာ္လည္း ျမန္မာတို႔က ထိုကိစၥကို မည္သို႔မွ် အေရးတယူ မလုပ္ၾကျခင္းမွာ
ထိုျမန္မာတို႔က ထိုအဂၤလိပ္စာကို မဖတ္တတ္၍ ျဖစ္ႏိုင္သည္ဟု ထိုသတင္းစာေရးသူ
Frank Gary က ေမးခြန္းထုတ္ထားသည္။
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္အေပၚ ပါတီဥပေဒျဖင့္
ကန္႔သတ္ဟု ျပည္သူတို႔ ႐ႈျမင္
မ်ဳိးခ်စ္သူ/ ၁၀ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaingnews.org/news/March%202010/10310g.php
ႏိုင္ငံျခားကုန္သြယ္မႈဘဏ္ေၾကာင့္ ေဒၚလာေငြ
ေစ်းႏွိမ္ခံရ
မ်ဳိး၀င္းေဇာ္/ ၁၀ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaingnews.org/news/March%202010/10310e.php
ေကအိုင္အိုနယ္ေျမအနီး နအဖတပ္ႏွင့္
အာဏာပိုင္မ်ားဘိန္းခင္းဖ်က္ဆီးေရး ျပဳလုပ္
ေပါက္ေပါက္/ ၁၀ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaingnews.org/news/March%202010/10310c.php
စက္မႈဇုန္အေရး မေျပလည္ေသး
မ်ဴိးခ်စ္သူ/ ၁၀ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaingnews.org/news/March%202010/10310b.php
ၾကက္တုပ္ေကြးေၾကာင့္ လုပ္ငန္းရွင္မ်ား
စီးပြားပ်က္
စိုးမိုး/ ၁၀ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaingnews.org/news/March%202010/10310d.php
သူခုိးလက္က သူ၀ွက္ဆီေရာက္
ဦးေအာင္ခင္ (ေ၀ဖန္သုံးသပ္ခ်က္)
ဆုိင္ကယ္လုိင္စင္ ဒဏ္ေၾကးတိုးမည္
တက္လူ/ ၁၀ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaing.org/news/March%202010/10310f.php
ေနျပည္ေတာ္ ဟိုတယ္အားလံုးတြင္
သႀကၤန္မ႑ပ္ တည္ေဆာက္ရမည္
Wednesday, 10 March 2010 18:04 မုိးယံ
http://www.irrawaddy.org/bur/index.php/news/1-news/2748-2010-03-10-11-0
ေနျပည္ေတာ္ သႀကၤန္ပြဲေတာ္ ျဖစ္ေစရန္ ရည္ရြယ္၍ ယခုနွစ္တြင္ ဟိုတယ္အားလံုး၌
မ႑ပ္မ်ား တည္ေဆာက္ ရမည္ျဖစ္ၿပီး ယင္း မ႑ပ္မ်ား၌ နာမည္ႀကီး အႏုပညာရွင္၊
အဆိုေတာ္၊ dancerအဖြဲ႕မ်ား၊ နာမည္ႀကီး Dj အဖြဲ႔မ်ား ေဖ်ာ္ေျဖ ၾကရမည္ ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း
ေနျပည္ေတာ္ ဟိုတယ္ အသိုင္းအဝန္းမွ သိရသည္။
ရန္ကုန္သႀကၤန္ ျမင္ကြင္းတခု
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဥပေဒ အေမရိကန္ေ၀ဖန္
Wednesday, 10 March 2010 14:22 ကိုေထြး
http://www.irrawaddy.org/bur/index.php/news/1-news/2747-2010-03-10-07-2
ဒီမုိကေရစီ အင္အားစုမ်ား၊ တိုင္းရင္းသား လူနည္းစုမ်ားျဖင့္ ေစ့စပ္ ေဆြးေႏြးျခင္း မရွိဘဲ
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဥပေဒကို စစ္အစုိးရက ထုတ္ျပန္ ျခင္းေၾကာင့္ ယခုႏွစ္အတြင္း က်င္းပရန္
စီစဥ္ထားသည့္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲသည္ စစ္မွန္၍ တရားမွ်တေသာ ေ႐ြးေကာက္ပြဲ ျဖစ္ရန္
သံသယ ရွိေၾကာင္း အေမရိကန္ အစိုးရက ယေန႔ ေျပာဆိုလိုက္သည္။အေမရိကန္
ႏိုင္ငံျခားေရး ဌာန ေျပာေရး ဆိုခြင့္ရွိသူ P. J Crowley က သတင္း ေထာက္မ်ားကို ယင္းသို႔
ေျပာၾကား ခဲ့ျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္။“ဒီႏွစ္ အတြင္းမွာ က်င္းပဖို႔ စီစဥ္ေနတဲ့ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဟာ
စစ္မွန္ၿပီး တရား မွ်တတဲ့ ေ႐ြးေကာက္ပြဲ ျဖစ္ဖို႔ က်ေနာ္တို႔ သံသယ ရွိပါတယ္၊ ျမန္မာ
အစိုးရကို ပထမ အဆင့္ အေနနဲ႔ ႏိုင္ငံေရး ေလာကက သက္ဆိုင္တဲ့သူ အားလုံးနဲ႔
စစ္မွန္တဲ့ ေတြ႔ဆုံ ေဆြးေႏြး ပြဲေတြ လုပ္ဖုိ႔ က်ေနာ္တို႔ တိုက္တြန္း လိုပါတယ္”ဟု
Crowleyက ဆိုသည္။၂၀၁၀ တြင္ က်င္းပမည့္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲတြင္ ျမန္မာ့ ဒီမိုကေရစီ
ေခါင္းေဆာင္ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ၀င္ေရာက္ ယွဥ္ၿပိဳင္ႏိုင္ေရးကို စစ္အစိုးရက
ေရွ႕ေန ဦးဥာဏ္ဝင္း
ဗဟိုအလုပ္အမႈေဆာင္ဝင္ႏွင့္ သတင္းႏွင့္ ျပန္ၾကားေရး အဖြဲ႔ဝင္
အမ်ဳိးသား ဒီမိုကေရစီအဖဲြ႔ခ်ဳပ္
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
ဦးေအာင္သိန္း
(ဥပေဒ အၾကံေပး)
ရန္ကုန္
စာေမးပြဲေျဖမည့္ ေက်ာင္းသားမ်ားထံမွ
ေငြေတာင္း
| ဗုဒၶဟူးေန႔၊ မတ္လ ၁၀ ရက္ ၂၀၁၀ ခုႏွစ္ ၁၇ နာရီ ၅၅ မိနစ္
http://www.mizzimaburmese.com/edop/letters-to-editor/5000-2010-03-10-11-
သို႔
အယ္ဒီတာခင္ဗ်ား
ဧရာဝတီတိုင္း ပုသိမ္ၿမိဳ႕နယ္ ရပ္ကြက္ေကာင္စီ - ရယက (၁၄) အပိုင္မွာ
တကၠသိုလ္ဝင္တန္း ေျဖဆိုဖို႔ ေထာက္ခံစာ လာယူတဲ့ ေက်ာင္းသားေတြဆီကေန
ေငြေၾကးကို လိုတာထက္ပိုၿပီး ေတာင္းခံေနၾကတဲ့အတြက္ ေက်ာင္းသားမိဘေတြမွာ
အခက္အခဲေတြ ျဖစ္ေနၾကပါတယ္။ေထာက္ခံစာယူဖို႔ ေက်ာင္းသားမိဘေတြက ရယက
႐ံုးကို သြားတဲ့အခါမွာ ႐ံုးမွာ ဥကၠ႒ေရာ၊ အတြင္းေရးမႉးပါ မရွိလို႔ သူတို႔ရဲ႕ ဇနီးေတြဆီမွာ
သြားယူဖို႔ လႊဲလိုက္ပါတယ္။ သူတို႔အမ်ဳိးသမီးေတြက အဲဒီကိစၥေတြကို ကိုင္ထားတယ္။
ေထာက္ခံခ်က္ေလး တေစာင္အတြက္ကို ၁ဝဝဝ က်ပ္ ေပးေနရပါတယ္။
ရယက ဥကၠ႒ နာမည္က ဦးၾကည္ဝင္း၊ အတြင္းေရးမႉးက ဦးျမင့္ထူး ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ သူတို႔ကို
ၿမိဳ႕နယ္ မယက ဥကၠ႒နဲ႔ ခ႐ိုင္ရဲမႉးၾကီးတို႔က ၿပီးခဲ့တဲ့ ၂ လပိုင္းတုန္းကမွ ခန္႔ထားခဲ့တာပါ။
လုပ္အားေပးေတြဘာေတြ ေခၚရင္လည္း မလိုက္ႏိုင္တဲ့သူေတြဆီက
ဒဏ္ေငြ႐ိုက္တာမ်ဳိးေတြဘာေတြလည္း လုပ္ေနပါတယ္။
ဒဏ္ေငြမေဆာင္ႏိုင္ဘူးဆိုရင္လည္း ေပါက္တူး၊ ေတာင္း စတာေတြကို
လုပ္ေပးခိုင္းပါတယ္။ရပ္ကြက္ထဲက အမ်ဳိးသမီးတေယာက္ကိုလည္း ကေလးမီးဖြားၿပီးလို႔
လုပ္အားေပး မလိုက္ႏိုင္တာကို ဒဏ္ေငြ ၅ဝဝဝ က်ပ္ ေတာင္းပါတယ္။
ရယက ႐ံုးမွာက ဥကၠ႒ နဲ႔ အတြင္းေရးမႉးရဲ႕ ဇနီးမယားေတြက ဧည့္စာရင္းတိုင္တဲ့
ကိစၥေတြဆိုရင္လည္း သူတို႔ေတြက တံဆိပ္တံုးေတြ ယူထားၿပီး သူတို႔စိတ္တိုင္းက်
လုပ္ကိုင္ေနၾကပါတယ္။႐ံုးကိစၥေတြမွာ တာဝန္ရွိတဲ့ လူၾကီးေတြရဲ႕ ဇနီးမယားေတြက
ဗုဒၶဘာသာေတြတဲ့လား
စိုးေနလင္း | ဗုဒၶဟူးေန႔၊ မတ္လ ၁၀ ရက္ ၂၀၁၀ ခုႏွစ္ ၁၃ နာရီ ၂၀ မိနစ္
http://www.mizzimaburmese.com/edop/songpa/4993-2010-03-10-07-04-01.h
(Bangkok Post သတင္းစာ လက္ေထာက္အယ္ဒီတာ (Outlook) Sanitsuda Ekachai
ရဲ႕ ”And we still call ourselves Buddhists” ကို ဘာသာျပန္ဆိုပါတယ္။)
Philip J. Crowley
Assistant Secretary
Daily Press Briefing
Washington, DC
March 10, 2010
INDEX:
DEPARTMENT
Statement on the Passing of Sheik Mohammed Sayed Tantawi
Secretary Hosting the International Women of Courage Awards
Assistant Secretary Campbell in Laos and Traveling to Thailand
and Brunei
Deeply Disappointed in Burma's Political Party Law
Condemn the World Vision Office Terrorist Attack
Three American Hikers in Iran Able to Phone Their Families/
Positive Step, but We Continue to Seek Consular Access and the
Release of Americans Held in Iran/ Department Officials Met with
the Levinson Family
Successful Bi-Lateral Consultation with Kazakhstan
IRAN
Swiss Last Had Consular Access to the Three American Hikers in
October 2009/ Selling of Gasoline to Iran an Important Issue/
Business with Iran Can Have Commercial Implications/ Seeking
Further Sanctions for Iran to Change its Course/ Existing
International and National Sanctions/ US Looking for a New
Round of Sanctions/ Iran a Neighbor of Afghanistan/ Instances in
the Past When US and Iranian Policies in Afghanistan Intersect/
Iran Has Declined US Offer to Engage/ Hope Iran Plays a More
Constructive Role in Afghanistan
BURMA
Very Disappointed in Burma's Decision/ Will Continue Our
Outreach and Dialogue/ Burma Must Figure Out How it Wants to
Advance/ Hope of Advancement of Relations with the Outside
World Requires Burma to Develop a Process for Dialog with
Minorities/ Burma is a Work in Progress/ Engagement with
Burma to Make Clear They Must Do Better/ No Hope This
Election Will be Credible/ Where the Talks Go Depends Upon
Burma/ Burma Must be More Inclusive/ Aung Sung Su Ki Should
Have a Place in Burma's Future/ Burma is Not Acting in Its Own
Best Interest
QUARTET
Secretary Plans to Be in Moscow for Quartet Meeting
NORTH KOREA
US Has an Important Alliance with South Korea and Military
Exercises Have Been Done in the Past and Should Not be a
Surprise to North Korea/ US Will Continue to Enforce UNSR
1874/
ISRAEL
Secretary Has Not Spoken to Vice President Biden/ Special Envoy
Mitchell Returning to the Region Next Week/ Vice President Made
Clear in His Statement That Israeli Settlement Announcement is
Not Conducive to Advancing Talks/ Timing of Announcement
Highly Unusual/ Unusual for an Israeli Government to Take This
Action During a Vice President's Visit/ Refer You to Israeli
Government for Further Comment/ This Kind of Situation is Why
Negotiations Must Take Place/ US Has Been in Close Contact
with the Government of Israel Today
AFGHANISTAN
MEXICO
Taken Question on Shrimp Embargo Against Mexico
HAITI
US Plans to Make a Substantial Contribution to Haiti/ Sending a
Supplemental Request to Congress
INDONESIA
Taken Question on US Training with Indonesian Special Forces
TRANSCRIPT:
1:10 p.m. EST
MR. CROWLEY: Good afternoon and welcome to the Department of State. A
few opening comments before taking your questions.
You’ll see a statement this afternoon regarding the passing of Grand Imam
Mohammed Sayyed Tantawi, the head of Al-Azhar University in Cairo. Imam
Tantawi was an important voice for dialogue among religions and
communities. Under his leadership, the university co-hosted President
Obama’s speech laying out a vision for a new beginning between the United
States and Muslim communities around the world. And we offer our
condolences to the imam’s family and friends today, as well as his many
students in Egypt and in Muslim communities throughout the world.
The Secretary looks forward this afternoon to hosting the International
Women of Courage Awards here at the Department of State, including
participation of the First Lady Michelle Obama. And they will recognize a
number of women for their important contributions on behalf of fighting
discrimination, advancing human rights around the world.
The women to be honored include:
Androula Henriques of Cyprus for leading the fight against human trafficking
in Cyprus;
"Maybe they want to show some flexibility," said NLD spokesman Nyan Win,
adding that about 100 branch offices had been reopened across the country,
including several in the main city, Rangoon.
'Farce'
The government had sealed NLD branch offices with red wax after a deadly
attack on Ms Suu Kyi's convoy by pro-regime
elements on 30 May 2003.
It's a complete farce and
"Yes, it's a positive step," he said. "I think they therefore contrary to their
want us to take part in the election, but we still roadmap to democracy
haven't made up our mind about this. We still
need to talk it over among the top leaders, Philippine Foreign Secretary
including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi." But he Alberto Romulo
described the latest laws as "completely unacceptable". Not only do they bar
Ms Suu Kyi, but require participants to follow the 2008 constitution, which the
NLD rejects and campaigned against. "It's completely impossible for us," Nyan
Win said. Condemnation came from one Asian neighbour, the Philippines, as
well as from the US, the UN and Britain. "Unless they release Aung San Suu
Kyi and allow her and her party to participate in elections, it's a complete
farce and therefore contrary to their roadmap to democracy," Philippine
Foreign Secretary Alberto Romulo told The Associated Press. The Philippines is
a partner with Burma in Asean, whose 10 members rarely voice criticism of
"Our engagement with Burma will have to continue until we can make clear
that... the results thus far are not what we had expected and that they're
going to have to do better," he added. Mr Obama met the Burmese Prime
Minister Thein Sein on the sidelines of a recent summit of the Association of
South East Asean Nations (Asean).
Gun power
The US and Asean had called for the planned elections top be free, fair and
"inclusive" - code for the participation of Ms Suu Kyi and the National League
for Democracy which she leads. "We're going to need to study the election
laws carefully once they've all been released," British Ambassador Andrew
Heyn said.
(Reporting by Aung Hla Tun; Writing by Alan Raybould; Editing by David Fox)
Aung San Suu Kyi (C) arrives for a meeting with U.S. Assistant Secretary
of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs Kurt Campbell (L) at the Inya
Lake Hotel in Yangon in this November 4, 2009 file photo
The State Department is criticizing the Burmese electoral laws in strong terms,
but it says the Obama administration is not ready to abandon its efforts at
http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/asia/US--Burma-Election-Law-
Mockery-of-Democratic-Process-87269337.html
န အ ဖ စစ္အာဏာရွင္ေတြကို ယံုစားရင္
အကုန္မွားလိမ့္မယ္
ေရႊျပည္စိုး
န အ ဖ ရဲ႔ တြက္ကိန္း
တိုင္းရင္းသားလက္နက္ကိုင္အဖြဲ႔ေတြကို နယ္ျခားေစာင့္တပ္အသြင္ေျပာင္းဖို႔
အႏုနည္း အၾကမ္းနည္းသံုးဖို႔ တြက္ကိန္းခ်ထားတယ္။ အကယ္၍ လက္နက္ကိုင္
တိုင္းရင္းသားေတြက သေဘာတူ လက္ခံတာနဲ႔ ၄င္းလက္နက္ကိုင္အဖြဲ႔ေတြကို န အ
ဖ စစ္သားေတြနဲ႔ ေရာေမႊဖို႔။ ၄င္းအဖြဲ႔၀င္ေတြ ေခါင္းေဆာင္ေတြကို အေၾကာင္းအမ်ိဳးမ်ိဳးျပျပီး
vrf;jyMu,fjrefrmpmMunfYwdkuf ( pifumyl ) vufa&G;pifaqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143 130
jynfolvlxktaygif;cHpm;ae&aom qif;&J'kuQrsdK;pHkrS vGwfajrmufatmif ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk t&ifOD;qHk;wdkufzsufjypf&rnf/
တခ်ိဳ႔ကိုခြဲထုတ္၊ ဖဲ့ထုတ္၊ တခ်ိဳ႔ကို ျပႆနာဖန္တီးျပီး ဖမ္းဆီးထိန္းသိမ္း စတဲ့နည္းနဲ႔
၀ါးစည္းေျပသလိုလုပ္ဖို႔ အဲလိုလုပ္ျပီးမွွ သူတို႔ ထြင္ထားတဲ့ပံုစံနဲ႔ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို
ကလိမ္ကက်စ္နည္းနဲ႔ က်င္းပဖို႔ ျပည္သူ႔ေထာက္ခံမဲ ၉၀/၉၅-ရာခိုင္ႏႈန္း ရတယ္လို႔
လိမ္ညာေၾကညာျပီး အစိုးရသစ္ဖြဲ႔ဖို႔၊ ကမၻာ့ဘဏ္၊ အာရွဖြံ႔ျဖိဳးေရးဘဏ္၊ ႏိုင္ငံတကာ
ေငြေၾကးရန္ပံုေငြ အဖြဲ႔နဲ႔ အျခားႏိုင္ငံေတြဆီက ေငြေတာင္းဖို႔၊ ရတဲ့ေငြေတြထဲက အခ်ိဳ႔ကို
ရာထူးႀကီးငယ္အလိုက္ ေ၀စုခြဲယူျပီး ႏိုင္ငံျခားဘဏ္ေတြမွာ အပ္ဖို႔၊
စတဲ့ရည္ရြယ္ခ်က္ေတြကို အေကာင္အထည္ေဖာ္ဖို႔ လုပ္ေနတာျဖစ္တယ္။ ဒါ့ျပင္
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲျပီးလို႔ လက္ရွိ စစ္အာဏာရွင္ေတြကိုယ္တိုင္ ပါ၀င္တဲ့အစိုးရ (သို႔)
၄င္းတို႔လက္ေအာက္ခံ အစိုးရသစ္ တက္လာျပီးေနာက္ ျပည္နယ္အသီးသီးရွိ
လက္နက္မဲ့တိုင္းရင္းသားေတြကို စစ္အာဏာရွင္ေတြက ၀ါးမ်ိဳဖို႔ အစီအစဥ္လဲရွိတယ္။
သူတို႔လက္ခုပ္ထဲက ေရ ျဖစ္ေနတာကိုး။ဒါ့ေၾကာင့္ နယ္စပ္တေလွ်ာက္ရွိ
တိုင္းရင္းသားလက္နက္ကိုင္အဖြဲ႔ အစည္းေတြကို ၂၀၀၉-ခု ေအာက္တိုဘာလ
ေနာက္ဆံုးထားျပီး နယ္ျခားေစာင့္တပ္အသြင္ေျပာင္းဖို႔ အမိန္႔ေပးခဲ့တယ္။
ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္ရဲ႔ ေစတနာတဲ့။
တိုင္းမွဴး မင္းေအာင္လႈိင္ ထပ္ေျပာတာက တရုတ္အစိုးရအေနနဲ႔ ဒီတိုင္းရင္းသား
အဖြဲ႔အစည္းေတြကို ျခံစည္းရိုးအျဖစ္ အသံုးျပဳေနေၾကာင္း၊ ဒါေၾကာင့္ ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္ရဲ႔
ေစတနာမွန္ကို နားလည္ျပီး ဥပေဒေဘာင္အတြင္း ၀င္ေရာက္လာၾကေစရန္သာ
ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္အႀကီးအကဲမ်ားက အႏုနည္းနဲ႔ စည္းရံုးသိမ္းသြင္းေနတာ ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း
ထည့္သြင္းေျပာၾကားသြားပါတယ္။ ( RFA 2010-2-16) ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္ရဲ႔ ေစတနာမွန္-ဆိုတာ
တိုင္းရင္းသားေတြ ဘ၀တုန္း လူမ်ိဳးျပဳန္းေအာင္ ေခ်မႈန္းဖို႔လုပ္တာဟာ ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္ရဲ႔
ေစတနာမွန္တဲ့လား။ ဥပေဒေဘာင္အတြင္း ၀င္ေရာက္လာေစရန္ ဆိုတာေကာ
တရားဥပေဒမရွိဘဲ မင္းဆိုးမင္းယုတ္ေတြ ႀကီးစိုးေနတဲ့ႏိုင္ငံမွာ
ဘယ္ကဥပေဒေဘာင္အတြင္းကို ၀င္ရမွာလဲ၊ ဒါကို အားမနာတန္းေျပာရရင္ ေခြးပါးစပ္က
နတ္စကားထြက္တာနဲ႔ အတူတူပါပဲ။
နယ္ျခားေစာင့္တပ္အသြင္ေျပာင္းေရး လက္မခံ
တိုင္းရင္းသားလက္နက္ကိုင္အဖြဲ႔မ်ားက န အ ဖ ရဲ႔
နယ္ျခားေစာင့္တပ္အသြင္ေျပာင္းေရးကို လက္မခံရျခင္း အေၾကာင္း ႏွစ္ရပ္ရွိပါတယ္။
ခ။ စစ္အာဏာရွင္မ်ားရဲ႔ မတရားေတာင္းဆိုခ်က္မ်ားမွာ
(၁)။ ျငိမ္းအဖြဲ႔မ်ားက နယ္ျခားေစာင့္တပ္ ေျပာင္းတဲ့အခါ တပ္ရင္းတရင္းမွာ အရာရွိအဆင့္
၁၈-ဦး အျခားအဆင့္
လက္ရွိအေျခအေန။
ခုခ်ိန္ထိ ျငိမ္းအဖြဲ႔ေတြထဲက
က်န္အင္အားႀကီးတဲ့
(၁) ေပါက္ယူခ်န္းရဲ႔ ၀ျပည္ ေသြးစည္းညီညြတ္ေရးအဖြဲ႔ (UWSA)
ပၝတီမႀတ္ပံုတင္ဥပေဒ ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲအေပၞ
ယံုဳကည္မႁကင္းမဲ့ သၾားေစလုိႛ အေမရိကန္ ေဴပာဳကား
2010-03-11 RFA
ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲဥပေဒ ကုလသမဂၢရဲ့
ေတာင္းဆုိခဵက္နဲႛ ကုိက္ညီမႁမရႀိ
2010-03-11 RFA
ေ႟ၾးေကာက္ပၾဲဥပေဒသစ္ရႀက္ဖၾယ္ေကာင္းေဳကာင္း
ေဒၞေအာင္ဆန္းစုဳကည္ ေ၀ဖန္
2010-03-11 RFA
ႎိုင္ငံေရးအကဵဥ္းသားေတၾကို မတားဴမစ္ဖိုႛ
လူႛအခၾင့္အေရးအဖၾဲႚတိုက္တၾန္း
2010-03-11 RFA
ေကဵာင္းသားေခၝင္းေဆာင္ ေကဵာ္ကိုကိုအေပၞ
ေနာက္ထပ္ စၾဲခဵက္ အသစ္တင္
2010-03-11 RFA
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲေကာ္မရွင္
အမည္စာရင္းေၾကညာ
NEJ/၁၁ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
ဖြဲ႔စည္းပံုမျပင္လွ်င္ ပါတီမေထာင္၊
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲမ၀င္ဟု
တုိင္းရင္းသားပါတီမ်ား ေျပာၾကား
စိုးမိုး/ ၁၁ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaingnews.org/news/March%202010/11310f.php
နအဖထုတ္ျပန္သည့္ဥပေဒကို
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေ၀ဖန္
NEJ/၁၁ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
ေသြးလႉဘဏ္သစ္ဖြင့္ပြဲ အလႉရွင္
ထိုင္းဘုရင့္သမီးေတာ္ တက္ေရာက္မည္
ေအာင္ထက္/၁၁ မတ္ ၂ဝ၁ဝ
http://www.khitpyaingnews.org/news/March%202010/11310b.php
စည္းကမ္းရွိတဲ့ လႊတ္ေတာ္ႀကီးကို
ျမင္ေယာင္ျခင္း
ရဲေဘာ္ဖိုးသံေခ်ာင္း
ႀကံ့ဖြံ႔ ပါတီေထာင္မည္
Thursday, 11 March 2010 19:05 ခက္ထန္
ျပည္ေထာင္စုႀကံ့ခိုင္ေရးႏွင့္ ဖြံ႔ၿဖိဳးေရးအသင္း (ႀကံ့ဖြံ႕) အေနႏွင့္ မၾကာမီရက္ပိုင္းအတြင္း
ႏိုင္ငံေရးပါတီ ေထာင္မည္ဟူသည့္ သတင္းတရပ္ ရန္ကုန္သတင္းရပ္ကြက္တြင္
ထြက္ေပၚေနသည္။အဆိုပါ သတင္းသည္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဥပေဒမ်ား ထြက္ရွိၿပီးေနာက္
တဆက္တည္း ထြက္ေပၚလာျခင္းျဖစ္သည္။ ၎ျပင္ ၿပီးခဲ့သည့္ တပတ္အတြင္းက ဗုိလ္ခ်ဳပ္၊
ဗိုလ္မႉးခ်ဳပ္ႏွင့္ ဝန္ႀကီးမ်ား အရပ္ဘက္သို႔ ေျပာင္းရန္ ျပင္ဆင္သည့္ အေနျဖင့္ ကား၊ အိမ္ရာ
စသည့္ ႏိုင္ငံပိုင္ပစၥည္းမ်ားကို ျပန္လည္ လႊဲေျပာင္းေပးလိုက္ေၾကာင္းလည္း
ၾကားသိရသည္။ စစ္အစိုးရ၏ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဥပေဒမ်ားအရ ႏိုင္ငံေရးပါတီဝင္မ်ားသည္
ႏိုင္ငံပိုင္ပစၥည္းမ်ားကို သံုးစြဲခြင့္ မရွိေပ။ ထို႔ျပင္ ႏိုင္ငံေရးပါတီ မ်ားသည္ မတ္လ ၈
ရက္ေန႔မွစ၍ ရက္ ၆၀ အတြင္း မွတ္ပံုတင္ၾကရမည္ဟု အဆိုပါ ဥပေဒက ဆိုထားသည္။
အနည္းဆံုး ဝန္ႀကီး ၁၈ ဦးခန္႔သည္ လက္ရွိရာထူးကိုစြန္႔ၿပီး နအဖ ေက်ာေထာက္ေနာက္ခံ
ေပးထားသည့္ ႀကံ့ဖြံ႔ပါတီသို႔ ဝင္ၾကမည္ဟု ၾကားသိထားေၾကာင္း အမ်ိဳးသား
ဒီမိုကေရစီအဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္ (NLD) မွ တာဝန္ရွိသူ တဦးက ဧရာဝတီသို႔ ေျပာၾကားသည္။
ျပည္တြင္းအေျခစိုက္ သတင္းအယ္ဒီတာ တဦးကမူ ႀကံ့ဖြံ႔အေနႏွင့္
ပါတီေထာင္ဖြယ္ရွိေၾကာင္း၊ ၎ပါတီကို ႀကံ့ဖြံ႔၏ ေက်ာေထာက္ ေနာက္ခံျပဳမည္
ျဖစ္ေသာ္လည္း ႀကံ့ဖြံ႕အမည္ကို ပါတီအမည္အျဖစ္ အသံုးျပဳဖြယ္မရွိေၾကာင္း ေျပာသည္။
ယေန႔ ဆက္သြယ္ေမးျမန္းမႈမ်ားအရ ရန္ကုန္ရွိ ရန္ကင္း၊ ေတာင္ဥကၠလာ၊ ေျမာက္ဥကၠလာ၊
ေတာင္ဒဂံု စသည့္ၿမိဳ႕နယ္မ်ားႏွင့္ ပဲခူးတိုင္းရွိ ျမိဳ႕နယ္မ်ားတြင္ ႀကံ့ဖြံ႕ အစည္းအေဝးမ်ား
ျပဳလုပ္ၾကသည္ဟု သိရသည္။ အစည္းအေဝးမ်ား ဆိုင္ရာ ေဆြးေႏြး ညႊန္ၾကား
ေငြလဲႏႈန္း
မတ္ ၁၁၊ ၂၀၁၀
၁ ေဒၚလာ = ၉၈၀ က်ပ္
၁ ဘတ္ = ၂၉.၈၀ က်ပ္
သံဃာေတာ္မ်ား ျပည္ပထြက္ခြာခြင့္
ပိုမိုတင္းက်ပ္
Thursday, 11 March 2010 16:48 မင္းႏိုင္သူ
http://www.irrawaddy.org/bur/index.php/news/1-news/2757-2010-03-11-09-5
သံဃာေတာ္မ်ား ျပည္ပထြက္ခြာခြင့္ရရွိရန္ ေနျပည္ေတာ္အထိ သြားလာေနရသျဖင့္
အခက္ေတြ႕ေနၾကရေၾကာင္း သံဃာေတာ္မ်ားထံမွ သိရသည္။ၿပီးခဲ့သည့္ ဇန္န၀ါရီလအထိ
ရန္ကုန္ ကမၻာေအးရွိ သာသနာ ထြန္းကားျပန္႔ပြားေရး ဦးစီးဌာန (ျပည္ပ) တြင္ သံဃာေတာ္
ျပည္ပထြက္ခြာခြင့္ ေထာက္ခံခ်က္ ထုတ္ေပးခဲ့ေသာ္လည္း ေဖေဖာ္၀ါရီလမွ အစျပဳကာ
ေနျပည္ေတာ္သာသနာေရး၀န္ႀကီးဌာနအထိသြားေရာက္ေတာင္းခံေနၾကရေၾကာင္းသိရသ
ည္။“အဲဒီလုိသြားရတဲ့အတြက္ အခ်ိန္ကုန္တယ္၊ ေငြပုိကုန္တယ္။ ရန္ကုန္က
သံဃာကလည္း အညာကုိ ျပန္တက္ၿပီး ေထာက္ခံစာ လုပ္ရတယ္။ အညာက
သံဃာကလည္း ႏုိင္ငံတကာေလဆိပ္ရွိတဲ့ ရန္ကုန္ကုိ တန္းမဆင္းႏုိင္ဘဲ
ေနျပည္ေတာ္၀င္လုပ္ရတယ္” ဟု မႏၱေလး ျမေတာင္တုိက္မွ သံဃာေတာ္တပါးက
မိန္႔ဆုိသည္။
စစ္အစိုးရထံမွ အကူညီမယူဟု
ဦးေအးလြင္ျငင္း
ေက်ာ္ခ | ၾကာသပေတးေန႔၊ မတ္လ ၁၁ ရက္ ၂၀၁၀ ခုႏွစ္ ၂၂ နာရီ ၀၃ မိနစ္
ခ်င္းမိုင္ (မဇၥ်ိမ)။ ။ စစ္အစိုးရထံမွ ေငြေၾကးတစံုတရာမယူေၾကာင္း ျငင္းလုိက္ၿပီး သူ၏
ပါတီအေနျဖင့္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဝင္ရန္ ဆံုးျဖတ္ၿပီးျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း ျပည္ေထာင္စု ျမန္မာႏို္င္ငံ
အမ်ဳိးသားႏို္င္ငံေရးအဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္ဥကၠ႒ ဦးေအးလြင္က ေျပာဆိုလိုက္သည္။ျပည္ေထာင္စု
ျမန္မာနုိင္ငံ အမ်ဳိးသား ႏိုင္ငံေရး အဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္ ေခၚ (ပမမခ) ပါတီ၏ ျမန္မာႏုိင္ငံအေပၚ
ႏိုင္ငံျခား တိုင္းျပည္မ်ားက စီးပြားေရးပိတ္ဆို႔မႈ ဆန္႔က်င္ေရး လႈပ္ရွားမႈ ျပဳလုပ္ရာတြင္
အေနာက္ေတာင္တိုင္း စစ္ဌာနခ်ဳပ္ တုိင္းမႉး ဗို္လ္ခ်ဳပ္ေက်ာ္ေဆြက အကူညီေပးပါရန္
ဦးေအးလြင္ကိုယ္တိုင္ လက္မွတ္ ေရးထိုး ေတာင္းခံေသာ စက္တင္ဘာလ ၁ ရက္၊ ၂ဝဝ၉
ခုႏွစ္ ေန႔စြဲတပ္ စာမိတၱဴတေစာင္ကို မဇၩိမက လက္ခံ ရရွိခဲ့သည္။စာမွာ
အစစ္အမွန္ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္းကိုလည္း စာပါအေၾကာင္းအရာ အေတာ္မ်ားမ်ားကိုပင္
ျပန္လည္ေျပာျပႏို္င္ေသာ ဦးေအးလြင္က မဇၩိမႏွင့္ ယေန႔ျပဳလုပ္ေသာ
အင္တာဗ်ဴးတြင္လည္း ဝန္ခံသြားသည္။“ျပည္ေထာင္စုျမန္မာႏို္င္ငံ အမ်ဳိးသား
ႏိုင္ငံေရးအဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္အေနျဖင့္ ၂ဝဝ၉ ခုႏွစ္ တႏွစ္လံုးတြင္ သေဘာထား ေၾကညာခ်က္၊
စာရြက္စာတမ္းမ်ား ျဖန္႔လႈပ္ရွားမႈ၊ စည္း႐ုံးေရးမႈးမ်ားႏွင့္ အဖြဲ႔ဝင္မ်ား စုေစာင္းသည့္
ေကာ္မရွင္လူႀကီးမ်ားစာရင္း စစ္အစိုးရ
ထုတ္ျပန္
မဇၩိမသတင္းဌာန | ၾကာသပေတးေန႔၊ မတ္လ ၁၁ ရက္ ၂၀၁၀ ခုႏွစ္ ၁၈ နာရီ ၂၅ မိနစ္
ခ်င္းမိုင္ ။ ။ ျမန္မာ့႐ုပ္ျမင္သံၾကားက အဖြဲ႔ဝင္ ၁၇ ဦးပါ ျပည္ေထာင္စု ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ
ေကာ္မရွင္ကို ယေန႔ညေနက ေၾကညာလိုက္သည္။ ေကာ္မရွင္သည္ ယခုႏွစ္အတြင္း
က်င္းပမည့္ အျငင္းပြားဖြယ္ရာ ႏိုင္ငံတဝွမ္း ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲကို ႀကီးၾကပ္ကြပ္ကဲမည္
ျဖစ္သည္။ႏို္င္ငံေတာ္ ေအးခ်မ္းသာယာေရးႏွင့္ ဖြံ႔ၿဖိဳးေရးေကာင္စီ အတြင္းေရမႉး ၁
ဒုတိယဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ႀကီး သီဟသူရ တင္ေအာင္ျမင့္ဦးက လက္မွတ္ေရးထိုး ထုတ္ျပန္ေသာ
ေၾကညာခ်က္တြင္ တရား႐ံုးခ်ဳပ္မွ ဒုတိယ တရားသူႀကီးခ်ဳပ္ ဦးသိန္းစိုးက ဥကၠ႒အျဖစ္
ေဆာင္ရြက္မွာျဖစ္ၿပီး၊ အဖြဲ႔ဝင္မ်ားတြင္ အမ်ဳိးသမီး ႏွစ္ဦးျဖစ္ေသာ ေဒါက္တာျမင့္ၾကည္ႏွင့္
ေဒၚခင္လွျမင့္တို႔ ပါဝင္သည္။က်န္ေသာ အဖြ႔ဲဝင္မ်ားမွာ ဦးအင္ေဇာ္ေနာ္၊ ဦးခင္ေမာင္ႏု၊
ဦးစိုးဘလိႈင္၊ ေဒါက္တာဘေမာင္၊ ဦးညြန္႔တင္၊ ဦးေမာင္သာလွ၊ ဦးစိုင္းခုမ္လိႈင္၊
ဦးေအာင္ျမင့္၊ ဦးျမင့္ႏိုင္၊ ေဒါက္တာတင္ေအာင္ေအး၊ ဦးသာဦး၊ ေဒါက္တာေမာင္ထူး၊
ဦးသာေ႒းႏွင့္ ဦးဝင္းၾကည္တို႔ ျဖစ္ၾကသည္။ဦးသိန္းစိုးမွာ တရား႐ံုးခ်ဳပ္သို႔ ေရႊ႔ေျပာင္း၍
တာဝန္ထမ္းေဆာင္မႈ မျပဳခင္က စစ္ဥပေဒခ်ဳပ္႐ံုးတြင္ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္အဆင့္ျဖင့္
တာဝန္ထမ္းေဆာင္ခဲ့သူ ျဖစ္သည္။ ေဒါက္တာ တင္ေအာင္ေအးသည္လည္း တရား႐ံုးခ်ဳပ္
တရားသူၾကီးျဖစ္ၿပီး၊ ဦးသိန္းစိုးႏွင့္ ေဒါက္တာတင္ေအာင္ေအးတို႔ ႏွစ္ဦးစလံုးမွာ လက္ရွိ
တာဝန္ထမ္းေဆာင္ဆဲျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း မၾကာေသးခင္က ထုတ္ျပန္ေသာ သတင္းမ်ားတြင္
ပါရွိသည္။လြန္ခဲ့သည့္ သီတင္းပတ္အတြင္းက ေနအိမ္အက်ယ္ခ်ဳပ္ကာလ
စည္းကမ္းခ်ဳိးေဖာက္သည္ဆိုကာ သူမအေပၚ ခ်မွတ္ထားေသာ ျပစ္ဒဏ္ႏွင့္ပတ္သက္၍
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္က အယူခံတင္သြင္းရာ တရား႐ံုးခ်ဳပ္က ပယ္ခ်ထားခဲ့သည္။
အေမရိကန္တဦး ေရကူး၍ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ ေနအိမ္သို႔ ခုိးဝင္ၿပီး ေတြ႔ဆံုရန္
ၾကိဳးစားရာက အမႈျဖစ္လာခဲ့သည္။ ေနာက္ထပ္တဆင့္ အယူခံကို
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္၏ ေရွ႕ေနအဖြဲ႔က တင္ရန္ရွိရာ ဦးသိန္းစိုး ေခါင္းေဆာင္ေသာ
တရားသူၾကီး ၃ ဦးပါသည့္ အဖြဲ႔ႏွင့္ ေတြ႔ဆံုရမည္ ျဖစ္သည္။ယေန႔အထိ စစ္အစိုးရက
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲႏွင့္ သက္ဆုိင္ေသာ ဥပေဒ ၄ ခုကို ထုတ္ျပန္ၿပီးျဖစ္ၿပီး၊ အတိုက္အခံ
ႏိုင္ငံေရးပါတီ ယွဥ္ၿပိဳင္ႏိုင္စြမ္းကို ထိခိုက္ေအာင္ ဆိုးရြားစြာ တားျမစ္မႈမ်ား ပါရွိသည္။
ဘယ္လိုဆံုးျဖတ္မလဲ - အမ်ဳိးသား
ဒီမုိကေရစီအဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္
တူေမာင္ညိဳ | ၾကာသပေတးေန႔၊ မတ္လ ၁၁ ရက္ ၂၀၁၀ ခုႏွစ္ ၁၉ နာရီ ၃၅ မိနစ္
“က်ေနာ္တို႔ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဝင္ဖို႔၊ မဝင္ဖို႔ဆိုတာ ဒီဥပေဒနဲ႔ တည္ၿပီးေတာ့ မဆုံးျဖတ္ႏိုင္ဘူး။
က်ေနာ္တုိ႔ ဆုံးျဖတ္မွာက ႏိုင္ငံေရး ေတာင္းဆိုခ်က္ေတြမွာ ဘယ္ေလာက္တု႔ံျပန္မႈ ရိွသလဲ၊
ႏိုင္ငံေရးေတာင္းဆိုခ်က္ေတြကို ဘယ္ေလာက္ လိုက္ေလ်ာမႈ ရိွသလဲ ဆိုတဲ့အေပၚမွာ
တည္ၿပီး ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဝင္ေရး၊ မဝင္ေရးကို ဆုံးျဖတ္မွာပါ။ ဒီဥပေဒဟာ
ပါတီရပ္တည္ေရးအတြက္ စဥ္းစားဆုံးျဖတ္ဖို႔နဲ႔ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဝင္၊ မဝင္ ဆိုတာကေတာ့
ႏိုင္ငံေရး လိုက္ေလ်ာမႈေပၚမွာ တည္တယ္လို႔ ႏွစ္ပိုင္းခြဲ ေျပာခ်င္တယ္” လို႔ NLD
ဗဟိုအလုပ္အမႈေဆာင္ျဖစ္သူ ဦးဝင္းတင္က ေျပာပါတယ္။ ( ၁ဝ မတ္၊ ေခတ္ၿပိဳင္ႏွင့္
ဦးဝင္းတင္ အင္တာဗ်ဴးမွ ေကာက္ႏုတ္ခ်က္)
ဦးဝင္းတင္ ဘာကိုဆုိလိုခ်င္တာလဲ။ (က်ေနာ္) မရွင္းပါဘူး။
ႏိုင္ငံေရးလိုက္ေလ်ာမႈဆိုတာ ဘာကုိ ေျပာခ်င္တာပါလဲ။
(နအဖ) စစ္အစိုးရက ထုတ္ျပန္ေၾကညာလိုက္တဲ့ ဒီဥပေဒ ၂ ရပ္က ဘာမွ
မလိုက္ေလ်ာေတာ့ဘူးဆိုတာကို ခပ္ရွင္းရွင္း အေျဖေပးလိုက္တာပဲ မဟုတ္ပါလား။
စစ္အစိုးရ စိတ္ၾကိဳက္ေရြးခ်ယ္ ခန္႔အပ္တာဝန္ေပးအပ္မယ့္ “ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ
က်င္းပေရးေကာ္မရွင္” က စစ္အစုိးရ စိတ္ၾကိဳက္ခ်မွတ္ ေရးဆြဲထားတဲ့ “ႏုိင္ငံေရးပါတီမ်ား
မွတ္ပံုတင္ျခင္းဥပေဒ” ကို ကိုင္စြဲၿပီး ေဆာင္ရြက္သြားမယ္။ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဝင္မယ္ဆိုရင္
ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲက်င္းပေရး ေကာ္မရွင္ဆီမွာ ႏုိင္ငံေရးပါတီမ်ား မွတ္ပံုတင္ျခင္း ဥပေဒနဲ႔အညီ
ပါတီမွတ္ပံုတင္ရမယ္။ ဒါမွသာ ပါတီ တရားဝင္ ရပ္တည္ခြင့္ ရရွိမယ္။
ဒါေၾကာင့္ ပါတီရပ္တည္ေရးနဲ႔ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲဝင္ေရးဟာ တခုထဲပဲ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ႏွစ္ခုခြဲလို႔
မရႏုိင္ပါဘူး။အမ်ဳိးသား ဒီမိုကေရစီအဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္က ေတာင္းဆိုေနတဲ့ ႏိုင္ငံေရး
ေတာင္းဆိုခ်က္ေတြဆိုတာ “ဖြဲ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ (၂ဝဝ၈) ျပန္လည္သံုးသပ္ျပင္ဆင္ေရး၊
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ အပါအဝင္ ႏုိင္ငံေရးအက်ဥ္းသား အားလံုး လႊတ္ေပးေရး“ ဆိုတဲ့
အေျခခံအခ်က္ေတြ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ဒါေတြကို စစ္အစိုးရက ဘယ္ေလာက္လိုက္ေလ်ာမႈ
ရိွခဲ့ပါသလဲ။ လိုက္ေလ်ာမယ့္ အရိပ္လကၡဏာ တခုတေလမွ် ဒီ့အရင္ကလည္း
မေတြ႔မျမင္ခဲ့သလို၊ အခုလည္း မျမင္မေတြ႔မိေသးပါဟု က်ေနာ္ ႐ိုးသားစြာ ဝန္ခံပါရေစ။
တကယ္လို႔ အမ်ဳိးသား ဒီမုိကေရစီအဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္အေနနဲ႔ ပါတီကို တရားဝင္ ဆက္ၿပီး
ရပ္တည္ႏုိင္ေရးအတြက္ စဥ္းစားမယ္ဆိုရင္ ေအာက္မွာ ေဖာ္ျပထားတဲ့ အခ်က္ေတြကို
မျဖစ္မေန ေဆာင္ရြက္ရပါလိ္မ့္မယ္။
၁။ ၁၉၉ဝ ျပည့္ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲရလဒ္နဲ႔ ေရႊဂံုတုိင္ေၾကညာခ်က္ အပါအဝင္ အရင္က
ႏုိင္ငံေရးသေဘာထား ရပ္တည္ခ်က္အားလံုး စြန္႔ပယ္ရမယ္။
၂။ ပါတီဝင္ေတြထဲက (ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ အပါအဝင္) အက်ဥ္းက်ေနသူေတြ
vrf;jyMu,fjrefrmpmMunfYwdkuf ( pifumyl ) vufa&G;pifaqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143 187
jynfolvlxktaygif;cHpm;ae&aom qif;&J'kuQrsdK;pHkrS vGwfajrmufatmif ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk t&ifOD;qHk;wdkufzsufjypf&rnf/
အားလံုးကို ပါတီဝင္အျဖစ္ကေန ထုတ္ပယ္ပစ္ရမယ္။
၃။ ဖြဲ႔စည္းပံုအေျခခံဥပေဒ (၂ဝဝ၈) ကို ေလးစားလိုက္နာပါမယ္လို႔ ခံဝန္ခ်က္လက္မွတ္
ထိုးရမယ္။
၄။ ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္ဆီကေန ဗိုလ္သန္းေရႊဆီ ေပးစာ (ႏုိဝင္ဘာ ၁၁ ရက္) ကိစၥ၊
ေဒၚေအာင္ဆန္းစုၾကည္နဲ႔ ဆက္ဆံေရးဝန္ၾကီး ဦးေအာင္ၾကည္ ေတြ႔ဆံုေနရတဲ့
ကိစၥေတြလည္း အလိုလို ရပ္ဆုိင္းသြားမယ္။
၅။ ႏိုင္ငံတကာနဲ႔ ကမာၻ႔ကုလသမဂၢက ေတာင္းဆိုေနတဲ့ အားလုံး ပါဝင္ေရးနဲ႔ လြတ္လပ္ၿပီး
တရားမွ်တတဲ့ ေရြးေကာက္ပြဲ ျဖစ္ေျမာက္ေရး ဆိုတာက အဓိပၸာယ္ကင္းမဲ့သြားမယ္။
ဘယ္လုိဆံုးျဖတ္မလဲ အမ်ဳိးသား ဒီမုိကေရစီအဖြဲ႔ခ်ဳပ္။
ထြက္ေပါက္ကို ရွာမလား၊ ေဖာက္ထြက္မလား။
(မတ္လ ၁၁ ရက္၊ ၂ဝ၁ဝ ခုႏွစ္)
တိုင္းရင္းသားဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မ်ားျဖင့္ ႀကံဖြတ္ကိုမဲထည့္ရန္
ဗိုလ္သိန္းစိန္ စည္း႐ုံးေရးဆင္း
Thursday, 11 March 2010 17:50 သွ်မ္းသံေတာ္ဆင့္
ေ႐ြးေကာက္ပြဲ ဥပေဒ ထုတ္ျပန္ေနခ်ိန္ နအဖ ၀န္ႀကီးခ်ဳပ္က သွ်မ္းျပည္ေျမာက္ပိုင္း
ခရီးစဥ္တြင္ တိုင္းရင္းသား အမည္ခံ ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္မ်ားအား ေ႐ွ႕တန္းတင္ၿပီး
စည္း႐ုံးေရးဆင္းသည္ဟု စံုစမ္းသိ႐ွိရပါသည္။
ဗိုလ္ခ်ဳပ္ႀကီး သိန္းစိန္
A day after the Burmese military regime announced its election law on 8
March, Prime Minister Thein Sein was reported to have taken some
ethnic officials from the army with him on a journey to ethnic areas in
Shan State North to help in winning votes for the upcoming elections,
sources from the Sino-Burma border said.The PM visited Namkham and
Muse, on the Sino-Burma border on 9 March, to inspect progress on the
gas pipeline, railroad projects and to lobby for the
elections.Accompanying in two helicopters were over 10 officials from
other departments. Among them were the Burma Army’s Northeastern
Region Command Commander Maj Gen Aung Than Tut, Electric Power
#2 Minister Maj-Gen Khin Maung Myint and Auditor General Maj-Gen
Lun Maung. The helicopters landed at the
town’s Kawng Wan Kham village.
အင္န္အယ္ဒီေခါင္းေဆာင္
ဟံသာ၀တီဦး၀င္းတင္ ၈၀ ျပည့္ေမြးေန႔
အထိမ္းအမွတ္ စာအုပ္ထုတ္မည္
မိုးမခအေထာက္ေတာ္ ၀၀၃
မတ္ ၁၂၊ ၂၀၁၀
ဒီဗီဘီ - ေနာ္ေ၀အေျခစိုက္ ဒီမိုကရက္တစ္ျမန္မာ့အသံ စာနယ္ဇင္းဌာနက
စီစဥ္ထုတ္လုပ္ျပီး ထိုင္းအေျခစိုက္
ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံေရးအက်ဥ္းသားမ်ားကူညီေစာင့္ေရွာက္ေရးအဖြဲ႔ (ေအေအပီပီ) က ျဖန္႔ခ်ိမည့္
ျမန္မာျပည္တြင္းရွိ အင္န္အယ္ဒီပါတီ၏ ဦးေဆာင္သူ၊ ႏိုင္ငံေရးအက်ဥ္းသား၊
သက္ၾကီးစာနယ္ဇင္းဆရာၾကီး တဦးျဖစ္သူ ဟံသာ၀တီဦး၀င္းတင္၏ “ဘာလဲဟဲ့ လူ႔ငရဲ”
စာအုပ္ကို ဆရာၾကီး၏ အသက္ ၈၀ ျပည့္ ေမြးေန႔တြင္ ထိုင္းႏိုင္ငံ၊ မဲေဆာက္ျမိဳ႔၊
ေအေအပီပီရုံးခန္းမွာထုတ္ေ၀သည့္အခမ္းအနား က်င္းပမည္ဟု သိရသည္။
ကရင္နီဒုကၡသည္မ်ား
အေမရိကသုိ႔ေျပာင္းေရြ႔အေျခခ်မႈ
ပိုမုိမ်ားျပားလာ
အင္တာနက္ေပးစာ
မတ္ ၁၂၊ ၂၀၁၀
http://moemaka.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6032&It
` ဘန္႔မယ့္စူရင္းလုိ ့ေခၚတဲ့ ကရင္နီဒုကၡသည္စခန္းအမွတ္ (၂) မွာ ေနထုိင္တဲ့
ဒုကၡသည္ ၁ဝဝဝေက်ာ္ခန္႔ကုိ ယခုႏွစ္ ဧျပီလ အကုန္မွာ အေမရိကန္ကို
ေရြ႔ေျပာင္းအေျခခ်ေနထုိင္ဖုိ ့အတြက္ ကရင္နီဒုကၡသည္ စခန္းအမွတ္(၁) ဘန္႔မုိင္ႏုိင္းဆြယ္
စခန္းကို အၿပီးေျပာင္းေရြ႔သြားမည္ဟု စခန္းတာဝန္ရွိသူမ်ားက ေျပာပါတယ္။
ဘန္႔မယ့္စူရင္းမွ အေမရိကားသုိ႔ ေျပာင္းေရြ႔အေျခခ်လုိေသာ
ဒုကၡသည္မ်ားစာရင္းကုိ ၂ဝဝ၉ ခုႏွစ္ အေစာပုိင္းမွာ အိုပီအီး (The IRC's Overseas
Processing Entity (OPE)) မွ စစ္တမ္းစတင္ေကာက္ယူခဲ့ရာ ဒုကၡသည္ေပါင္း ၁၂၅၇ ဦးမွ
ေျပာင္းေရြ႔အေျခခ်လုိေၾကာင္း စစ္တမ္းေကာက္ယူခ်က္အရ သိရပါတယ္။ ၂ဝဝ၉ ခုႏွစ္
အတြင္းမွာပဲ အေမရိကားကို ေျပာင္းေရြ႔အေျခခ်လိုေသာ ဒုကၡသည္ ၂ဝဝေက်ာ္ကို
ဇြန္လတြင္တစ္ႀကိမ္ႏွင့္ ေအာက္တုိဘာလတြင္ တစ္ႀကိမ္စီ အသုတ္လုိက္ခြဲၿပီး
ဘန္႔မုိင္ႏုိင္းဆြယ္ကို ေျပာင္းေရြ႔ခဲ့ၿပီးျဖစ္ပါတယ္။
အေမရိကားကိုေျပာင္းေရြ႔အေျချခဖုိ႔အတြက္ စီစစ္ေရြးခ်ယ္တာနဲ႔ ပတ္သက္ၿပီး
အမည္မေဖာ္လုိသူ ယူအန္အိပ္စီအာရ္ အရာရွိတစ္ဦးကေတာ့
“အေမရိကန္ကို ေျပာင္းေရြ႔အေျခခ်ဖုိ႔အတြက္ ႏွစ္အလုိက္ အေစာဆုံး
ဒုကၡသည္မွတ္ပုံတင္ထားသူမ်ားကို အရင္ဦးစားေပး ေရြးပါတယ္” လို႔ ဆိုပါတယ္။
တတိယႏုိင္ငံကို မေျပာင္းေရြ႔ရခင္ Department of Homeland Security (DHS) နဲ႔
OPE က ေဆးစစ္ျခင္းမ်ား ျပဳလုပ္စဥ္ကာလအတြင္း ဘန္႔မုိင္ႏုိင္းဆြယ္ကို
ေျပာင္းေရြ႔ေနရမည္ျဖစ္ေသာေၾကာင့္ တခ်ိဳ႔ေသာဒုကၡသည္မ်ားက
ထုိစခန္းကိုမေျပာင္းေရြ႔ခ်င္ၾကပါဘူး။
အေမရိကန္ကို ေျပာင္းေရြ႔အေျခခ်ဖုိ႔ စာရင္းေပးထားတဲ့ ဘန္႔မယ့္စူးရင္းမွာ
ေနထုိင္တဲ့ ဒုကၡသည္ ေစာဖုိးဒုိ က
“စခန္း ၁ ကို မေျပာင္းခ်င္ဘူးေလ။ အဲ့ဒီမွာက လူမ်ားတယ္။ အိမ္ေလးေတြကလည္း
ၾကပ္ၾကပ္ေလးေတြနဲ႔။ ေရကလည္းခက္တယ္ေပါ့ေနာ္။ အေမရိကန္ကို မသြားရခင္
အနည္းဆုံး ၆ လ ေလာက္ေတာင္ ေနရမယ္ဆုိေတာ့ အရမ္းဒုကၡေရာက္တာေပါ့ေနာ္ …”
ဒုကၡသည္မ်ားကို အခုလို အလုံးလုိက္အရင္းလုိက္ တတိယႏုိင္ငံကို ေျပာင္းေရြ႔ဖုိ႔
စီစဥ္ေပးေနသည္ ဆိုပါေသာ္လည္း ကရင္နီစခန္းအမွတ္ (၂) ကို ဒုကၡသည္အသစ္မ်ား
A man breaks the lock to open the Yangon Division office of the National
League for Democracy. Myanmar's military government has allowed the party
of detained Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi to reopen regional branch
offices that have been closed since May 2003
A policeman leaves a Yangon office of Aung San Suu Kyi's party on Thursday
Yangonites listen to radio reports on new laws that set the stage for
Myanmar's first election in 20 years
Some analysts believe Myanmar authorities will stop short of launching a full
assault to avoid condemnation from neighbors at a time when the regime is
trying to boost its international image by holding elections. Thai officials
couldn't be reached Thursday. Previously, Chinese authorities have expressed
concern about Myanmar border-area unrest.The buildup comes at a time
when the junta is trying to assert tighter control over how its election—the
first since 1990—is conducted. On Thursday, it released the latest in a series
of new rules for the vote, including provisions that officially invalidated the
1990 election, which was easily won by Myanmar's main opposition party but
ignored by the regime.The government also appointed a former high-ranking
army officer to head the commission overseeing the vote, the Associated
Press reported. Myanmar has yet to announce a date for the election.
This United Nations photo taken in 2009 shows a press conference with Tomas Quintana
The conditions reinforce the predictions of the junta’s opponents that the
planned elections will be a hollow exercise intended to consolidate military
power under a democratic façade. But they place the NLD in a dilemma, 20
years after the junta refused to recognise its overwhelming victory in Burma’s
last national elections. “We have to expel Daw [Madam] Suu – their [the
junta’s] attitude is clear in this law,” the NLD’s spokesman, Nyan Win, said. “It
is very unfair that a party member serving a prison term for his or her political
convictions has to be expelled from the party. … I was extremely surprised
when I saw this, I did not think it would be so bad. The NLD also needs to
reply clearly but I cannot say how we will respond.” Even before the
announcement of the new laws, there was widespread scepticism about the
junta’s willingness to tolerate any significant political change in Burma, which
has been ruled by generals since 1962. No date for the election has been
announced, and it is clear that the State Peace and Development Council
(SPDC), as the military government calls itself, has no intention of allowing Ms
Ms Suu Kyi has spent 15 of the past 20 years in detention. Most recently, her
sentence of house arrest was extended for 18 months after a bizarre incident
in which an eccentric American well-wisher entered her house uninvited after
swimming across a lake. The sentence expires in November, leading foreign
diplomats in Rangoon to suspect that the junta will hold the election just
before then, thus further ensuring her exclusion. A new constitution was
introduced last year which bans from political office anyone married to a
foreigner. Ms Suu Kyi’s late husband, the scholar Michael Aris, was British.
Details of four election laws will be published over the next few days,
including those governing elections to the 440-person House of
Representatives and the 224-person House of Nationalities, where
representatives of Burma’s ethnic minorities will sit. One third of seat in both
houses are reserved for military nominees. On Monday, the United Nations
secretary-general, Ban Ki Moon, said that he had written to the head of the
SPDC, Senior General Than Shwe, expressing impatience about the lack of
progress towards the elections. “All the political prisoners, including Daw Aung
Detained opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi is unhappy with the election law
recently issued by Burma's ruling military regime, according to her lawyer,
Nyan Win, who met her on Thursday.“She said she did not think the regime
would release such a terrible law,” Nyan Win said after meeting with Suu Kyi
at her home in Rangoon on Thursday evening. Nyan Win and another lawyer
for Suu Kyi, Kyi Wynn, met with the detained democracy leader from 2 to 4
p.m. today to discuss the election law, her appeal against her current term of
house arrest, and a legal dispute with her brother over repairs to their family
home.Nyan Win, who is also a spokesperson for the National League for
Democracy (NLD), said Suu Kyi described the law that excluded her and other
political prisoners as unfair. Most political prisoners were sentenced for
serving their political parties, Suu Kyi said. “Forcing them out of their parties
and banning them from voting because of their imprisonment is therefore a
double punishment,” she was quoted as saying. Meanwhile, the state-run
media reported on Thursday that the Burmese regime has appointed a 17-
member election commission. All of the members were selected by the
regime. The commission will be led by former Maj-Gen Thein Soe, a deputy
chief justice who previously served as the judge advocate general, a military
position.The commission has a mandate to decide which political parties may
contest the polls, set the rules for polling and disqualify any party or
contestant for breaking those rules, according to the state-run media. The
move came four days after the regime announced the electoral law on March
8. The election date has not yet been disclosed, although many observers and
Burmese civilians believe it will be held in October or November.
May 7 is the deadline for Burma's main opposition party, the National League
for Democracy (NLD), to finally decide whether it will continue to exist as a
legal party after twenty years of unsuccessful struggle against the military
dictatorship. “We have to expel our own leader from the party or face
dissolution of the party after May 7,” said Nyan Win, who is both party
spokesman and the lawyer representing detained party leader, Aung San Suu
Kyi. “Our party is facing a great dilemma,” he said.The regime announced the
enactment of its election laws on March 8. Within 60 days from the
announcement date, the NLD and other currently legal parties have to apply
for registration to the election commission. If they fail to do so, they will
automatically cease to exist as legal entities. The party would also have to
expel Suu Kyi if it decides to register at the election commission because
political parties are prohibited from having a prisoner as a party member,
according to the election law revealed on Wednesday.Suu Kyi is serving an
18-month term of house arrest, reduced from an original sentence of three
years' hard labor for briefly sheltering an American citizen in August, 2009.
With her sentence due to expire in November, Suu Kyi cannot be a member of
any political party if she is not released before May 7.“If our party registers,
this would mean that we have to cancel our call for a review of the regime's
Constitution and at the same time expel our leader,” Nyan Win said. “ If we
don't, the party will cease to exist.” Nyaw Win said that the party would try to
convene a meeting between Suu Kyi and members of the party's Central
Executive Committee. “We will approach the government to allow that to
happen.” Not only is Suu Kyi not allowed to be a member of a political party
member, she is also not allowed to lead any political party if the polls are held
before her release from detention, according to the party registration law.
Chapter II, Article 4 (e) of the Political Parties Registration Law specifies: “A
person convicted by a court and currently serving a jail term or the person in
vrf;jyMu,fjrefrmpmMunfYwdkuf ( pifumyl ) vufa&G;pifaqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143 221
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the process of a legal pursuit against the jail term for a review of it at a court
are not eligible to found a political party.”
Members of the National League for Democracy read about Burma's new
election law at the party's headquarters in Rangoon. (Photo: AP)
Burma's highest court last month rejected Suu Kyi's appeal against her
continued detention. Nyan Win said they will try to exhaust all legal efforts
appealing against the sentence.While the election laws are meticulously
framed to exclude Suu Kyi from participating in the polls, Suu Kyi herself has
yet to make her position on the election clear. On Wednesday, the Burmese
state-run newspapers carried comments by the regime's prime minister, Gen.
Thein Sein, who alluded to Suu Kyi at a meeting in Shan State on Tuesday,
saying: “No Burmese citizen could be a stooge or an agent of an alien nation
in disguise of a Myanmar [Burmese].” Thein Sein's remarks were carried in
state-run newspapers under banner headlines on Wednesday. He made
similar remarks last month that were also highlighted by the state-run
newspapers. The military-drafted 2008 Constitution already bars Suu Kyi from
holding the offices of President or Vice President since its provisions state that
anyone whose spouse or children are citizens of a foreign country are not
eligible to hold these positions. Suu Kyi was married to a British national and
her two sons living in the United Kingdom hold British citizenship.The junta
election laws have been crafted to make sure that all political prisoners,
including Suu Kyi, the 88 Generation students leaders and Khun Htun Oo, the
leader of Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD), which won the
The Burmese junta officially annulled the results of the 1990 election in the
Pyithu Hluttaw Electoral Law which was announced on Thursday in state
newspapers, while authorizing some offices of the National League for
Democracy (NLD) to reopen. Article 91 of the law reads: “Pyithu Hluttaw
Electoral Law 14/89 issued by State Law and Order Restoration Council [the
former name of State Peace and Development Council] was repealed by this
law. The result of the multi-party general election [in 1990] in accord with the
repealed law is invalid because the result does not conform with the [2008]
Constitution.” Khin Maung Swe, the spokesperson for the NLD, which won 392
out of 485 seats in the 1990 election, said, “The result of the 1990 election is
the desire of the people. Now the junta has repealed it by force without
considering the will of the people.”Moreover, in an unexpected move on
Wednesday, the government authorized the reopening of long-closed NLD
offices in Rangoon Division and Mandalay following the promulgation of the
Political Parties Registration Law.“At 5 p.m. yesterday, the authorities called
me to a government office and told me that all the township offices of
Rangoon Division could be reopened,” said Dr. Than Nyein, the NLD vice-
chairman of Rangoon Division. “Almost at the same time, the authorities
called and informed Thein Tan, NLD chairman of Mandalay Division, to reopen
all party offices in Mandalay,” said Khin Maung Swe.He said he believed that
the authorities would allow all NLD offices across the country to reopen.
Burmese citizens cast their votes in the 1990 election. The junta annulled the
election results on March 11, 2010.
Observers say that the election law has been crafted to ensure that political
prisoners, especially NLD leader Aung San Suu Kyi, are not allowed to contest
the election.
COMMENTARY
Burma's long awaited election law has been published in state controlled
newspapers but failed to create much excitement. Unsurprisingly, no date for
the election was set, although the regime has promised to hold it sometime
this year. As anticipated, the election law will prevent the main opposition
party and winner of the 1990 election, the National League for Democracy
(NLD), and its leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, from participating in the election. It's
also feared that the party registration law set a deadline for the NLD leaders,
who haven’t yet decided whether to take part and are still urging the regime
to agree to a review of the Constitution.The law excludes electoral
participation by members of a political party if they have been convicted in
court. Suu Kyi is classed as a “a convicted criminal” for breaching her house
arrest after American swimmer John Yettaw briefly stayed at her lakeside
house last year. However, knowing that she will be prevented from taking
part in the election or from playing a role in future politics in Burma, Suu Kyi
recently told her lawyers that the election won't be free and fair, since there is
no freedom of information in the country.
The news that the offices of National League for Democracy can be reopened
should be a happy one for its members. But Aye Kyu, vice chairman of the
NLD office in Laputta Township, didn't feel content.“Though we are allowed to
reopen our offices, I am not very happy because we have no leader,” Aye Kyu
told The Irrawaddy on Thursday, referring to party leader Aung San Suu Kyi
The permission came two days after the ruling junta started issuing election
laws on March 9 (announced on March 8). Ironically, the laws ban Suu Kyi
from being a member of the party and contesting the upcoming elections as
she has been convicted and under detention. Many NLD branch offices across
the country had been closed after the junta organized an ambush on Suu Kyi's
motorcade in which several dozen NLD supporters were killed in Depayin in
upper Burma in 2003.Unable to open for seven years, most NLD offices have
been damaged by weather. Some offices can no longer be used as landlords
have sold the property, according to NLD members in the townships. “We saw
bats' nests in our old office as soon as we reopened it,” said Myint Thein of
Chauk NLD. “The wooden floor had been eaten by termites so I doubt they
ignored the documents.”The wooden floor in the old NLD branch office was
broken and had collapsed due to leaks in the roof, he said. There are also
problems between the NLD as tenants and landlords as all the old branch
offices are being opened around the country. “Our landlord told us he had
demolished our office and sold the remains off in February,” said Thein
Hlaing, the vice secretary for NLD party activities in Sittwe in Arakan State,
adding that they are preparing to make a legal claim against the State
Commission responsible in the case. The government began publishing the
election laws daily in state newspapers, and on Thursday they abrogated the
1990 election laws.Nyan Win, the spokesperson for the NLD headquarters said
the new election law targets the NLD but then the authorities let it reopen its
COMMENTARY
Hard-earned Experience
http://www.irrawaddy.org/print_article.php?art_id=17968
By KYAW ZWA MOE Friday, March 5, 2010
His normal life ended in 1994. A new life he never expected began. His life
has not returned to normal—at least not yet. Kyi Win was 38. He worked at
First Private Bank in Rangoon, earning more than enough to feed his family of
five and send his kids to school. One thing overturned his life: his political
beliefs. Like other dissents, Kyi Win was aware that his anti-government
activities could put him behind bars. But it was hard to foresee that it could
destroy his entire family's stability and future. Sixteen years ago, while
working on the side for underground labor organization, he was arrested for
his political activities against the ruling regime. He served five years in prison
and was released—but it wasn't over. He quickly realized Big Brother was
watching him. Still, his harsh imprisonment hadn't destroyed his political
beliefs or courage. He took part in the 2007 saffron revolution, and he kept up
contacts with a circle of political friends. He finally had to leave the country to
avoid a second arrest and imprisonment. Now he and his family are living in
Umpiem Mai Refugee Camp on the Thai border. His family is hopeful they will
be resettled in a third country. Now 54, Kyi Win's life reflects the experience
of thousands of dissents and political prisoners who have suffered political
persecution since 1988. Currently, more than 2,100 political prisoners are in
Burmese jails. Since 1988, it's estimated the junta has imprisoned 10,000 or
more people for their political beliefs. Some, like prominent activist Min Ko
Naing, have been jailed more than once. Min Ko Naing and many of his
colleagues who had already severed time as political prisoners are now
serving draconian 65-year sentences in remote prisons. Democracy icon Aung
San Suu Kyi is another long-time political prisoner, now totaling 15 years.
With all the recent attention given to the country's upcoming election, the
Constitution, ethnic issues and other matters, political prisoners are now just
vrf;jyMu,fjrefrmpmMunfYwdkuf ( pifumyl ) vufa&G;pifaqmif;yg;rsm; twGJ 143 233
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one of a long line of important issues surrounding Burma's position in the
world community. Fortunately, the international community has kept renewing
its calls to release all political prisoners as one of a host of other issues, such
as ensuring a free and inclusive election process. Suu Kyi and the National
League for Democracy, have made the release of political prisoners a pre-
requisite to taking part in the coming election. Still, it will never happen, and
veteran Burma watchers know it. There will never be a meaningful number of
political prisoners released to curry favor from the international community
before the election. They will continue to be used as political pawns in a sick
game whose rules are written by the junta. In a letter a few months back, Hla
Myo Naung, a leading member of the influential 88 Generation Students group
who is now serving a 65-year sentence in Mandalay Prison, renewed the call
for a blanket amnesty for all political prisoners prior to the election and an
inclusive election process. His message probably passed through the ears of
most people without a moment's thought.International bodies and news
agencies don't see the ruling generals' routine suppression of political beliefs
as priority news anymore. The generals know this well, and they are experts
at flouting international calls with impunity. They routinely toy with high
profile visitors whose very mission is to help solve the political prisoner issue,
such as UN human rights envoy Thomas Ojea Quintana, who arrived in the
country in February just in time for the sentencing of another activist, Naw
Ohn Hla, and three other dissents, who were given two years imprisonment
each on charges of “inciting activities which undermine the public order." In
the face of such callousness and impunity, some politicians and observers
have turned a blind eye on the issue of political prisoners, preferring to focus
the upcoming election. But how about former political prisoners like Kyi Win?
Trained to work in a bank, he now operates a tiny shop that sells snacks in
the refugee camp to make ends meet for his family whose tranquil life was
turned into a nightmare. His daily routine now includes selling treats to
children for 1 baht each (about US 3 cent). This is the life he, his wife and
children are left with after sacrificing so much for Burma and its people. As
for the election, Kyi Win doesn't see it as many politicians and commentators
do: as the only game in town. It all comes from his experience.Kyaw Zwa Moe
is managing editor of The Irrawaddy magazine. He can be reached at
kyawzwa@irrawaddy.org.
The US has been a leading critic of the Burmese regime's appalling human
rights violations and repression of the country's opposition and ethnic
minorities. Now, however, a shift in Washington's Burma policy can be
discerned as the Obama administration seeks to engage with the regime.The
engagement policy is not only about promoting democracy and human rights
in the military-ruled country. The most pressing issue is the warming
relationship between Burma and North Korea. During his first visit to Burma
last year, US Assistant Secretary of State Kurt Campbell told the junta leaders
of Washington's concern about the increasing military ties between Burma
and North Korea. It isn't clear whether Burma gave assurances to the US.
The US wants to see the Burmese regime sever its military ties with North
Korea, but it won't have an easy task convincing the reclusive generals.The
Washington Post, quoting US officials, reported this week that the Obama
administration had launched an aggressive campaign to convince Burma's
junta to stop buying North Korean military technology.A senior US State
Department official, speaking on condition of anonymity, told the newspaper:
“Our most decisive interactions have been around North Korea. We've been
very clear to Burma. We'll see over time if it's been heard.”Burma’s neighbors,
as well as the US, will need to carefully monitor the strengthening ties
between Naypyidaw and Pyongyang. Last month, alarm bells rang when
Burma's state-run media reported that several high-ranking Burmese military
officials, including Lt-Gen Tin Aye, ranked No 5 in the Burmese armed forces
hierarchy, participated in a Rangoon ceremony to mark the 68th birthday of
North Korean leader Kim Jong Il.The New Light of Myanmar ran a front-page
story with a photograph of Tin Aye and North Korean Ambassador Kim Sok
Chol holding hands together at a welcoming reception.
aemufqufwGJ
Appendix
(ှ) နအဖစစးအုပးစုသညး ဿွှွ ခုႏြစး မတးလ (၈) ရကးေန႔က ႀကိဳတငးေၾကညာၿပီ့၊ မတးလ (၉)ရကးေန႔မြစ၍ ေရျ့ေကာကးပျဲႏြငးံ သကးဆုိ ငးသညးံ
ဥပေဒမ္ာ့ကုိ ေၾကညာလာခဲံရာ ယေန႔အထိ ်ပညးေထာငးစုေရျ့ေကာကးပျဲေ ကားမရြငဥ
း ပေဒႏြငံး ႏုိငးငဵေရ့ ပါတီမ္ာ့ မြတးပဵုတငး်ခငး့ ဥပေဒတုိ႔ကုိ ထုတး်ပနး
ေၾကညာခဲံၿပီ့်ဖစးသညး။ ထုိဥပေဒ ဿ ခုသညး စစးအုပးစု၏ အစဥးအလာအတုိငး့ လကးနကး အာ့ကုိ့်ဖငးံ ်ပညးသူ လူထုကုိ တဖကးသတး အဓမၼ အႏုိငး
က္ငးံႏုိငးရနး စီမဵ်ပဳလုပးထာ့ေသာ ဥပေဒမ္ာ့်ဖစးေၾကာငး့ ေတျ႕ရပါသညး။
(ဿ) ်ပညးေထာငးစုေရျ့ေကာကးပျဲေကားမရြငးဥပေဒ အခနး့ (ဿ) ပုဒးမ (၁) ပုဒးမချဲ (ခ)တျငး ေဖၚ်ပထာ့သညးံ ေကားမရြငး ဥကၠဌႏြငအ
းံ ဖျဲ႔ွငးမ္ာ့မြာ “ထငးေပၚ
ေက္ားၾကာ့သညးံ ဂုဏးသတငး့ရြိေသာပုဂၢိဳလးအ်ဖစး (နအဖ)စစးအစို့ရက ယူဆသူ ်ဖစးရမညး” ဟူေသာအခ္ကးသညး ်ပညးေထာငးစု ေရျ့ေကာကးပျဲ ေကားမ
ရြငက
း ုိ ်ပညးသူမ္ာ့က ယုဵၾကညးကုိ့စာ့ေသာ ပုဂၢိဳလးမ္ာ့်ဖငးံ မဖျဲ႔ဘဲ၊ နအဖ စ စးအုပးစုက စိတးခ္ရေသာ လကးကုိငးဒုတးမ္ာ့်ဖငးံ ဖျဲ႔စညး့်ခငး့်ဖငးံ ေရျ့ေကာကး
ပျဲကုိ နအဖ စစးအုပးစုအလုိက္အတုိငး့ ေဆာငးရျကးေ တာံမညးမြာ ပုိမုိ ထငးရြာ့သျာ့ေစပါသညး။
(၀) ႏုိငးငဵေရ့ပါတီမ္ာ့မြတးပုဵတငး်ခငး့ဥပေဒ ပုဒးမ (၃)(ဂ)တျငး "်ပညးေထာငးစုသမၼတ ်မနးမာ ႏုိငးငဵေတား ဖျဲ႔စညး့ပုဵ အေ်ခခဵဥပေဒကုိ ထိနး့သိမး့ေ စာငးံ
ေရြာကးေရ့"ဟု ေဖၚ်ပထာ့ရာ၊ ထုိအခ္ကးသညး ်မ နးမာ်ပညး ဒီမုိကေရစီ အေ်ပာငး့အလဲ ကုိ လုိလာ့သညးံ ်ပညးတျငး့ ်ပညးပ အငးအာ့စုမ္ာ့က ကုိငးစျဲ
ေတာငး့ဆုိေနေသာ ဖျဲ႔စညး့ပုဵအေ်ခခဵဥပေဒ(ဿွွ၈) ်ပနးလညး သုဵ့သပး်ပငးဆငးေရ့ အပါအွငး "ေရႊဂုဵတုိငးေၾကညာစာတမး့"တခုလုဵ့ကုိ လုဵ့ ွ ပစးပယး
လုိကး်ခငး့ပငး်ဖစးပါသညး။
ႏုိငးငဵေရ့ပါတီမ္ာ့မြတးပုဵတငး်ခငး့ဥပေဒ ပုဒးမ (ဿ၂)တျငး တညးရြိေနေသာ ပါတီမ္ာ့အေန်ဖငးံ ယခု ႏုိငးငဵေရ့ ပါတီမ္ာ့ မြတးပုဵတငး်ခငး့ ဥပေဒႏြငးံ
အညီ "ေလြ္ာကးထာ့်ခငး့မရြိပါက ႏုိငးငဵေရ့ ပါတီအ်ဖစးမြ အလုိအေလ္ာကး ပ္ကး် ပယးၿပီ့်ဖစးသညးဟု မြတးယူရမညးဟု " ေဖၚ်ပထာ့်ခငး့သညး ှ၉၉ွ ခုႏြစး
ေရျ့ေကာကးပျဲရလာဒးကုိလညး့ေကာငး့၊ ထုိရလာဒး ပုိငးရြငး ႏုိငးငဵေရ့ ပါတီမ္ာ့ကုိလညး့ေကာငး့ တစမက္နး ဖ္ကးသိမး့ပစးလုိကး်ခငး့သာမက မဲဆႏၵရြငး
်ပညးသူမ္ာ့ကုိပါ ေစားကာ့လုိကး်ခငး့ပငး်ဖစးသညး။
(၁) ထုိ႔ေၾကာငးံ ေရျ့ေကာကးပျဲႏြငးံဆုိငးသညးံ ထုိဥပေဒ(ဿ)ရပးပါ ေဖၚ်ပခ္ကးမ္ာ့ကုိ ၾကညးံလြ္ငးပငး ဿွှွ ေရျ့ေကာကးပျဲသညး ဒီမုိက ေရစီ အေ်ပာငး့အလဲ
တရပးကုိ ဖနးတီ့ေပ့ႏိုငးသညံလ
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rJqE´e,frsm;udkowfrSwf&mwGif atmufygtwdkif;aqmif&Guf&rnf -
(uu) c½dik w f pfct k wGu&f &Sad om rJqE´e,fta&twGuo f nf ,if; a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHykdifcGihf&Sdolrsm;ESifh qufvuf&yfwnfykdifcGifhr&Sdolrsm;
c½dkit f wGi;f &Sd NrKd Ue,fta&twGuEf iS fh wlnaD eygu wpfNrKd Ue,f 8/ atmufygt&nftcsif;rsm;ESihf jynfhpHkaom EkdifiHom;rsm;onf trsKd;om;? trsKd;orD;
vQif rJqE´e,fwpfe,fpD owfrSwfay;&rnf/ ra&G;? bmomra&G; a&G;aumufyJGwGif a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHykdifcGihf&Sdonf-
( cc ) c½dik w f pfct k wGu&f &Sad om rJqE´e,fta&twGuo f nf ,if; (u) a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHEkdifa&;twGuf trnfpm&if;wifoGif;vTm wifoGif;
c½dkiftwGif;&Sd NrdKUe,fta&twGufxuf ydkrdkaeygu csdefwGif -
wpfNrdKUe,fvQif rJqE´e,fwpfe,fpD owfrSwfay;&rnf/ (1) touf 30 ESpfjynhfNyD; þOya'ygjy|mef;csufrsm;ESihf rqefYusifol?
,if;odkY owfrSwfay;NyD;aemuf ydkrdkaeao;aom rJqE´e,f (2) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H onhf tcsed Ef iS hf
ta&twGufudk ,if;c½dkiftwGif;&Sd NrdKUe,frsm;\ vlOD;a& wpfqufwnf; jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEkdifiHawmfwGif tenf;qHk; 10 ESpf
trsm;tenf;tvdkuf wef;pDZ,m;jyKpkí vlOD;a&trsm;qkH; tajccsaexkdifcJhol?
NrdKUe,frSpí wpfNrKd Ue,fvQif rJqE´e,fwpfe,fpDudk vdt k yfae
>cif;csuf/ Edik if aH wmf\cGijhf yKcsujf zifh Edik if jH cm;odYk w&m;0ifomG ;a&muf
aom rJqE´e,fta&twGuf jynhfonftxd xyfaqmif;ay;
onfh umvrsm;udv k nf; EdkifiHawmfwGif tajccsaexdkif
&rnf/
cJhonfh umvtjzpf xnfhoGif;a&wGuf&rnf/
( ** ) c½dkifwpfcktwGuf&&Sdaom rJqE´e,f ta&twGufonf
(3) rJpm&if;wGif yg0ifol/
,if;c½dkiftwGif;&Sd NrdKUe,fOD;a&atmuf avsmhenf;aeygu
vlOD;a&uGm[rI rBuD;rm;apa&;twGuf rJqE´e,frsm;\ ( c ) EkdifiHom;rdbESpfyg;rSarG;zGm;aom EdkifiHom;jzpfol?
vlOD;a&tcsKd;tpm; wwfEdkiforQ eD;pyfrI&Sdap&ef wpfquf ( * ) þOya'wGif owfrSwfxm;onfh t&nftcsif;rsm;ESifhjynfhpHkol/
wpfpyfwnf;&Sdaom NrdKUe,fwpfNrdKUe,f odkYr[kwf NrdKUe,frsm; 9/ a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG &hf o dS wl pfO;D onf wpfo;D yk*v ¾ tjzpfjzihjf zpfap? Ekid if aH &;
jzihf aygif;½kH;zJGUpnf;Edkifonf/ ygwDwpfckckudk udk,fpm;jyKíjzpfap a&G;aumufyJGwGif 0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifcGihf&dSonf/
(CC) xkdodkY rJqE´e,frsm;udk owfrSwf&mwGif NrdKUe,fwpfe,f\ 10/ atmufygyk*¾dKvfrsm;onf a&G;aumufyJGwGif a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHydkifcGifhr&Sdap& -
tpdwftydkif;wpfckudk tjcm;NrdKUe,fESihfaygif;í rJqE´e,f (u) axmif'PfuscaH e&ol?
owfrSwfjcif; rjyK&/ ( c ) zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'tmPm rwnfrDujzpfap? tmPmwnfNyD;rSjzpfap
( ii ) vlOD;a&enf;aom c½dkifrsm;&dSygu rJqE´e,fowfrSwf&mwGif vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ft&nftcsif;ysuf,Gif;apaom jypfrIjzihf jypf'Pf
vlOD;a&rQwrI&dSapa&;twGuf ,if;c½dkifrsm;ESihf qufpyf csrw S cf &H jcif;aMumifh okrYd [kwf a&G;aumufyq GJ idk &f m w&m;rJjh yKusirhf I usL;vGef
vsu&f aSd om tjcm;c½dik w f pfcck Ek iS pfh pk nf;í rJqE´e,fwpfe,f jcif;aMumihf odkYr[kwf a&G;aumufyJGqkdif&m Oya'ESihftnD aqmif&Guf&ef
tjzpf owfrSwfEdkifonf/ ysufuGufjcif;aMumihf vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcH
(C) ukd,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wdkif; odkUr[kwf udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'oyg&Sdaom ykdifcGifhr&SdaMumif; oufqkdif&mu owfrSwfxm;onhfumvukefqHk;jcif; r&Sd
wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,frsm;twGuf rJqE´e,frsm; owfrSwf&mwGif ao;ol?
atmufygtwdkif; aqmif&Guf&rnf - ( * ) pdwfayghoGyfonf[k oufqkdif&mOya'u jy|mef;xm;onhftwkdif; owfrSwf
(1) ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &fh wdik ;f odrYk [kwf ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &fh a'owpfcpk D jcif;cH&ol?
twGuf vTwfawmfrJqE´e,fwpfe,fpD owfrSwfay;&rnf/ (C) vlrGJtjzpf oufqkdif&mw&m;½H k ; \ aMunmcHxm;&jcif;rSvGwfajrmufcGihfr&
(2) ,if;odYk owfrw S af y;Ny;D aemuf use&f adS om rJqE´e,frsm;twGuf yk'rf 4? ao;ol?
yk'frcJG (*)yg jy|mef;csufrsm;twdkif; aqmif&Guf&rnf/ ( i ) arG;zGm;pOfu Edik if o H m;rjzpfao;aom rdbwpfyg;yg;rSjzpfap? ESpyf g;vH;k rSjzpfap
(i) vTwfawmfoufwrf;wpf&yftwGuf owfrSwfxm;aom vTwfawmfrJqE´e,f arG;zGm;onfh EdkifiHom;?
wpfe,ftwGi;f usa&mufonhf e,fajrwpfcck u k kd jynfaxmifpek ,fajrtjzpf
( p ) Ekid if jH cm;tpk;d &\ aus;Zl;opömukcd , H al pmihaf &Smuf½adk ool? Ekid if jH cm;tpk;d &\
owfrw S yf gu ,if;e,fajronf rlvowfrw S x f m;aom vTwaf wmfrq J E´e,f
MoZmcH,o l ?l Ekid if jH cm;tpk;d &\ vufatmufcjH zpfol okrYd [kwf wkid ;f wpfyg;\
twGif;üom yg0ifonf[k rSwf,l&rnf/
EkdifiHom;jzpfol?
5/ (u) aumfr&Siu f owfrw S af om vTwaf wmfrq J E´e,frsm;onf vTwaf wmfoufwrf;
(q) EkdifiHjcm;tpkd;&\ vufatmufcHjzpfolaomfvnf;aumif;? wkdif;wpfyg;\
wpfcktwGufom twnfjzpfonf/
EkdifiHom;aomfvnf;aumif; cHpm;&aomtcGihfta&;rsm; okdYr[kwf aus;Zl;
(c) aumfr&Siu f yHrk eS o f ufwrf;wpf&yftwGuf rJqE´e,frsm;owfrw S Nf y;D rS NrKd Ue,f
cHpm;cGihfrsm;udk cHpm;EkdifcGihf&Sdol?
topfzUGJ pnf;cJv h Qif ,if;NrKd Ue,fonf xkyd rkH eS o f ufwrf;twGuf owfrw S x f m;
onhf rJqE´e,fajrüom yg0ifonf[k rSwf,l&rnf/ ( Z ) Ekid if jH cm;wkid ;f jynfwpfcck \ k tpk;d & okrYd [kwf bmoma&;tzJUG tpnf; okrYd [kwf
(*) vTwaf wmfoufwrf;rukeq f ;kH rD aemufoufwrf;wpfct k wGuf rJqE´e,frsm;ukd tjcm;tzJGUtpnf;wpfckck odkYr[kwf yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;OD;xHrS aiGaMu;? ajr? tdrf?
aumfr&Sifu tenf;qHk;&ufaygif; 60 BudKwifí owfrSwfay;&rnf/ taqmufttHk? ,mOf? ypönf;ponfwkdYukd wkduf½kdufjzpfap? oG,f0kdufaom
enf;jzihjf zpfap taxmuftyH&h ,lo;kH pJo G l okrYd [kwf ,if;odt Yk axmuftyH&h ,l
tcef; (4) oHk;pJGonhf tzJGUtpnf;0ifjzpfol?
(ps) EkdifiHa&;udpötwGuf bmoma&;ukdtaMumif;jyí qE´rJay;&efaomfvnf;
qE´rJay;ykdifcGihf&Sdolrsm;
aumif;? qE´rrJ ay;&efaomfvnf;aumif; ajymqkjd cif;? a[majymjcif;? aMunm
6/ atmufygt&nftcsif;rsm;ESihf jynfhpHkolrsm;onf trsKd;om;? trsKd;orD;ra&G;? bmom csufxkwfjyefjcif;ESihf ,if;okdYjyKvkyf&ef tm;ay;vIHYaqmfjcif;jyKol okdYr[kwf
ra&G; a&G;aumufyw
GJ iG f qE´raJ y;ykid cf iG &fh odS nf - ,if;okdY jyKvkyfonhf tzJGUtpnf;0ifjzpfol?
(u) a&G;aumufyJG pwifusif;yonfhaeYwGif touf 18 ESpfjynhfNyD; þOya'yg (n) omoemh0efxrf;?
jy|mef;csurf sm;ESifh rqefu Y siaf om Ekid if o
H m;? {nhEf idk if o
H m;? Edik if o
H m;jyKciG &fh ol ( # ) EkdifiHh0efxrf;?
tacsmazmif
11-3-2010 tcsyf y k d ( *)
>cif;csuf/ ,if;pum;&yfonf zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya't& zGJUpnf;aom 14/ (u) þOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESihf rqefYusifaom EkdifiHom;?{nfhEkdifiHom;?
vTwfawmfrsm;wGif a&G;cs,fcefYtyfjcif;cH&onfh wyfrawmfom; Ekid if oH m;jyKciG &fh olEiS hf ,m,DoufaocHvufrw S f udik af qmifxm;olwidk ;f onf
vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm;ESifhvnf;aumif;? vTwfawmfrsm;&Sd rJqE´e,f wpfe,fwiG f aexkid o f vl nf;jzpfí a&G;aumufypGJ wifusi;f yonhf
tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;wGif a&G;cs,cf eft Y yfjcif;cH&onfh Edik if 0hH efxrf;rsm; aeYwiG f touf 18 ESpf jynho f v l nf;jzpfvQif &yfuu G f okrYd [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf k
ESihf vnf;aumif; roufqkdifap&/ aumfr&SiftzJGUcJGu oufqkdif&m rJpm&if;ü xnhfoGif;azmfjy&rnf/
( X ) EkdifiHawmfykdif aiGaMu;? ajr? tdrf? taqmufttHk? ,mOf? ypönf;ponfwkdYukd ( c ) wyfrawmfom;rsm;? EkdifiHjyifywGifa&muf&Sdaeaom jynfaxmifpkjrefrm
wku d ½f udk jf zpfap? oG,0f u dk af omenf;jzifjh zpfap &,lo;kH pJo G l okrYd [kwf ,if;okYd EkdifiHawmf\ oHtzJGU0ifrsm;ESihf tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;? oH½Hk;tzJGU0ifrsm;ESihf
&,loHk;pJGonhf tzJGUtpnf;0ifjzpfol? tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;? ynmawmfoifrsm;ESifh tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;? uk, d pf m;vS,f
>cif;csuf/ (1) Ekid if aH wmfyidk af iGaMu;[laom pum;&yfwiG f tNird ;f pm;vpm? tzJGU0ifrsm;ESifh tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;? jynfaxmifpt k pd;k &\ cGijfh yKcsujf zihf Edik if H
p&dw?f aiGaMu;aomfvnf;aumif;? Ekid if aH wmftusKd ;twGuf jyifywGifa&muf&dSaeolrsm;ESihf tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;udk &yfuGuf odkYr[kwf
aqmif&u G of jzihf Ekid if aH wmfu w&m;0if axmufycHh s;D jri§ x fh m; aus;&Gmtkyfpkaumfr&SiftzG J U cJGu owfrSwfxm;onhftwdkif; oufqdkif&m
aom vpm? p&dw?f aiGaMu;aomfvnf;aumif; ryg0if? rJpm&if;üxnhfoGif;azmfjy&rnf/
(2) EkdifiHawmfykdifajr? tdrf? taqmufttHk? ,mOf? ypönf;[l 15/ (u) rJqE´e,fwpfe,f\ rJpm&if;wGif trnfyg0ifaom Edik if o H m;? {nfEh ikd if o H m;?
aom pum;&yfwiG f Oya'wpf&yf&yft&aomfvnf;aumif;? Edik if oH m;jyKciG &fh olEiS hf ,m,DoufaocHvufrw S f udik af qmifxm;olwikd ;f onf
wm0eft&aomfvnf;aumif; EkdifiHawmfu oHk;pJGcGihfjyKxm; ,if;rJqE´e,fwGifom qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf &dSonf/
aom okrYd [kwf Ekid if aH wmfxrH S tcaMu;aiGjzihf iSm;&rf;oH;k pJG ( c ) qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf&SdolwpfOD;onf rJqE´e,fwpfe,f\ rJpm&if;rS tjcm;
aom Ekid if aH wmfyidk f ajr? tdrf? taqmufttHkESihftcef;rsm;? rJqE´e,fwpfe,f\ rJpm&if;okYd ckid v f akH om taMumif;jycsujf zihf trnfajymif;
tjcm; taqmufttHkESihf tcef;rsm;? EkdifiHawmfykdif a&TUvkv d Qif owfrw S o f nht f wkid ;f oufqidk &f maumfr&Sit f zJUG cJo G Ydk avQmufxm;
av,mOf? &xm;? oabFm? armfawmf,mOf? ypön;f ponfwYkd Ekdifonf/
ryg0if/ ( * ) rJqE´e,frsm;&Sd qE´rJay;ydkifcGifh&Sdol rnfolrqkd oufqkdif&mrJqE´e,f\
( ! ) {nhEf idk if o H m;? Ekid if o H m;jyKciG &fh ol? Ekid if jH cm;om; odrYk [kwf Ekid if jH cm;om;tjzpf rJpm&if;wpfckrSty tjcm;rJqE´e,f\ rJpm&if;rsm;ü wpfcsdefwnf;wGif
cH,x l m;ol? trnfpm&if;yg0ifjcif; r&Sdap&/
( ¡ ) wnfqJOya'wpf&yf&yft& rw&m;toif;tjzpf aMunmjcif;cHxm;&aom 16/ oufqikd &f maumfr&Sit f zJUG cJo G nf rJqE´e,ftvdu k f qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &fh o Sd rl sm;\ trnf
tzJUG tpnf;? tMurf;zufvyk &f yfrsm;udk usL;vGeo f nf[k Ekid if aH wmfuowfrw S f pm&if;udk a&G;aumufyJGrwdkifrD owfrSwfxm;onhftwdkif; BudKwifaMunm&rnf/
aom tzGUJ tpnf;ESihf yk*Kd¾ vrf sm;? Edik if aH wmftm;vufeufuidk q f efu Y siaf eaom 17/ (u) qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf&SdolwpfOD;onf oufqkdif&mrJpm&if;wGif rdrd\trnf yg0if
aomif;use;f oltzJUG tpnf;rsm; odrYk [kwf ,if;tzGUJ tpnf;0ifrsm;ESiq hf ufo, G f jcif;r&Sv d Qif oufqidk &f m &yfuu G f okrYd [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf ak umfr&Sit f zJUG cJo
G Ydk
aMumif; ckdifvHkaom taxmuftxm;&Sdol/ rdr\ d trnfukd xnho f iG ;f ay;&ef owfrw S x f m;onft h wkid ;f awmif;qkv d mT ukd
11/ vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H Ny;D aemuf atmufygtcsuf wifoGif;Ekdifonf/
wpfckckESihf NidpGef;vQif vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf qufvuf&yfwnfykdifcGihf r&Sdap& -
( c ) oufqidk &f m &yfuu G f okrYd [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf k aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJuG trnfpm&if;
(u) omoemh0efxrf;tjzpfoYdk tNrw J rf;ul;ajymif;oGm;jcif;?
xnfo h iG ;f ay;jcif;r&Scd v hJ Qif owfrw S xf m;onht f wkid ;f NrKd Ue,faumfr&Sit f zJUG cJG
( c ) pdwfayghoGyfonf[k oufqkdif&mOya'u jy|mef;xm;onhftwkdif; owfrSwf
okdY t,lccH iG &fh o dS nf/ ,if;aumfr&Sit f zJGUcJ\G qH;k jzwfcsuo f nf yk'rf 53 yg
cH&jcif;?
jy|mef;csurf Swpfyg; tNyD;tjywfjzpfap&rnf/
( * ) vlrJGtjzpf oufqkdif&mw&m;½Hk;\ aMunmcH&jcif;?
(C) vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&NyD;aemuf wnfqJ 18/ (u) &yfuu G f odrYk [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf w k pfc\ k rJpm&if;wGif qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG rfh &So d l
Oya' wpf&yf&yft& axmif'PfuscH&jcif;? wpfO;D \trnf yg0ifaeaMumif; ,if;rJpm&if;üyg0ifow l pfO;D u uefu Y u G v f dk
( i ) oufqkdif&mOya't& EkdifiHom;tjzpfrS &yfpJoGm;aMumif; owfrSwfcH&jcif;? vQif oufqidk &f m&yfuu G f okrYd [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf ak umfr&Sit f zJGUcJo G Ydk owfrw S f
( p ) arG;zGm;pOfu rdbwpfyg;yg;jzpfap? ESpfyg;vHk;jzpfap EkdifiHom;r[kwfaMumif; xm;onhftwkdif; uefYuGufvTm wifoGif;Ekdifonf/
oufqkdif&m\ owfrSwfcH&jcif;? ( c ) oufqidk &f m &yfuu G f okrYd [kwf aus;&Gmtkypf k aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJuG ,if;trnfudk
(q) Ekid if jH cm;tpk;d &\aus;Zl;opömukd cH,al pmihaf &Smuf½adk ool? Ekid if jH cm;tpk;d &\ rJpm&if;rS y,fzsufay;jcif;r&SdcJhvQif owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; NrdKUe,f
MoZmcH,o l ?l Ekid if jH cm;tpk;d &\ vufatmufcjH zpfol okrYd [kwf wkid ;f wpfyg;\ aumfr&SiftzJGUcJGokdY t,lcHcGihf&Sdonf/ ,if;aumfr&SiftzJGUcJG\ qHk;jzwfcsuf
EkdifiHom;jzpfol[k a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGU\ qHk;jzwfcH&jcif;? onf yk'fr 53yg jy|mef;csufrSwpfyg; tNyD;tjywfjzpfap&rnf/
( Z ) EkdifiHjcm;tpkd;&\ vufatmufcHjzpfolaomfvnf;aumif;? wkdif;wpfyg;\ ( * ) NrKd Ue,faumfr&Sit f zJUG cJüG t,lcrH rI Ny;D jywfao;aomfvnf; rJpm&if;wGif trnf
EkdifiHom;aomfvnf;aumif; cHpm;&aom tcGifhta&;rsm; okdYr[kwf aus;Zl; yg&SdNyD;jzpfaomoltm; rJray;&[k wm;jrpfcGifhr&Sdap&/ ,if;tcGifhta&;
cHpm;cGihfrsm;ukd cHpm;EkdifcGihf&Sdol[k a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGU\ qHk;jzwfcH&jcif;? t& ay;NyD;jzpfaom qE´rJonfvnf; w&m;0ifjzpfap&rnf/
(ps) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpfrS aumfr&Sifu EkwfxGufcGihfjyKjcif;? 19/ aumfr&SifESifh aumfr&SiftzGJUcGJ toD;oD;wdkYonf rJpm&if;jyKpk&mwGif –
(n) wnfqJOya'wpf&yf&yft& rw&m;toif;tjzpf aMunmjcif;cH&aomtzJGU (u) rJpm&if;wGif yg0ifciG &fh v dS suEf iS fh yg0ifjcif;r&Sad Mumif;awGU&Sv d Qif xkt d rnfrsm;ukd
tpnf;? tMurf;zufvyk &f yfrsm;udk usL;vGeo f nf[k Edik if aH wmfuowfrw S af om aemufqufwJGrJpm&if;wGif xnhfoGif;&rnf/
tzGJUtpnf;ESifh yk*¾dKvfrsm;? EkdifiHawmftm; vufeufukdifqefYusifaeaom ( c ) rJpm&if;wGif yg0ifciG rfh &Sb d J yg0ifaMumif; awGU&Sv d Qif xkt d rnfrsm;ukd rJpm&if;rS
aomif;use;f oltzJGUtpnf;rsm; odrYk [kwf ,if;tzJGUtpnf;0ifrsm;ESifh qufo, G f y,fzsuf&rnf/
aMumif; ckid v f akH om taxmuftxm;&So d nf[k oufqidk &f mw&m;½H;k \ qH;k jzwf
20/ rJpm&if;rsm;ukd owfrw S x f m;aom OD;pD;Xme? tzJUG tpnf; okrYd [kwf yk*Kd¾ vu f owfrw S f
cH&jcif;?
xm;onhftwkdif; xdef;odrf;&rnf/
( # ) yk'fr 10? yk'frcJG(Z)?(ps) okdYr[kwf (X) yg yk*¾dKvf okdYr[kwf tzJGUtpnf;0if
jzpfaMumif; a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGU\ qHk;jzwfcH&jcif;? 21/ vTwaf wmfoufwrf;wpfct k wGi;f rJqE´e,fwpfe,fü taMumif;wpfpw kH pf&maMumihf
( X ) yk'fr 10? yk'frcJG(#)yg EdkifiHh0efxrf;jzpfaMumif; oufqdkif&m 0efxrf;tzJGU Mum;jzwfa&G;aumufyGJ usi;f y&ef&v dS Qif rlvrJpm&if;ukt d ajccHíaMunmjcif;? jznhpf u G jf cif;?
tpnf; tBuD;trSL;u taMumif;Mum;cH&jcif;/ Ekwfy,fjcif;ESifh jyifqifjcif;wkdYukd yk'fr 14? yk'fr 15 ESifh yk'fr 16 wkdYwGif jy|mef;xm;onhf
12/ a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H olwpfO;D onf yk'rf 8ESifh yk'rf 10 yg jy|mef;csuf wpf&yf&yf twkdif; aqmif&Guf&rnf/
ESifh Nid peG ;f aMumif; wkid Mf um;csuu f &kd &dvS Qif aumfr&Sio f nf ,if;wkid Mf um;csuu f dk a&G;aumufyGJ
cHt
k zJGU zJGUí ppfaq;Ny;D vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t f jzpf qufvuf&yfwnfyidk cf iG &hf dS r&Sd qH;k jzwf tcef ; (7)
apEkdifonf/ vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;trnfpm&if;wifoGif;jcif;? aMunmjcif;ESihf
a&G;aumufyJGudk,fpm;vS,fcefYxm;jcif;
tcef; (6)
rJpm&if;jyKpkjcif; 22/ a&G;aumufyJGwGif vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;tjzpf 0ifa&muf,SOfNydKifvkdol
13/ vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;ukd a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf&ef rJqE´e,ftoD;oD;twGuf wpfO;D onf aejynfawmfaumfr&Sit f zJUG cJ?G oufqikd &f mud,
k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f aumfr&Sif
qE´raJ y;ykid cf iG &fh o
dS rl sm;\ rJpm&if;rsm;udk owfrw S x
f m;onht f wdik ;f NrKd Ue,faumfr&Sit
f zJGUcJG tzGJUcGJ? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&a'oaumfr&SiftzGJYcGJ odkYr[kwf c½kdifaumfr&SiftzJGYcJGokdY
rsm;ESihf &yfuGuf odkYr[kwf aus;&Gmtkyfpkaumfr&SiftzJUG cJGwdkYu jyKpk&rnf/ owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; trnfpm&if;wifoGif;vTmudk wifoGif;&rnf/
tacsmazmif
11-3-2010 tcsyf y k d ( C)
23/ vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;wpfO;D onf rJqE´e,fwpfe,fxufyí dk wpfNyKd iw f nf; pm&if;udk trsm;jynfoo
l &d EdS idk &f ef aMunm&rnf/ xkod Ydk aMunmonhaf eYrpS í ajymif;vJjcif;
trnfpm&if;wifoGif;cGihf r&Sdap&/ cH&aom rlvvTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,o f nf vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t
f jzpfrS &yfpNJ y;D jzpfonf
24/ vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tjzpf trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f xm;ol\ trnfpm&if; [k rSwf,l&rnf/
wifoiG ;f vTmonf owfrw S cf surf sm;ESihf nDñw G rf &I dS r&S?d vufc&H efoifh roifu h dk owfrw S x f m;
onht f wkid ;f aejynfawmfaumfr&Sit f zJUG cJ?G oufqidk &f mud, k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f aumfr&Sif tcef ; (9)
tzGJUcGJ? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&a'oaumfr&SiftzGJUcGJ odkYr[kwf c½kdifaumfr&SiftzJGUcJGu pdppf a&G;aumufyJGusif;yjcif;
&rnf/
34/ aumfr&Sifonf -
25/ yk'rf 24 t& aejynfawmfaumfr&Sit f zJUG cJ?G ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f aumfr&Sit f zGUJ cG?J
(u) a&G;aumufyrGJ sm;ukd jzpfEidk o f a&GU wpfaeYwnf;wGif wpfNyKd ief uf usi;f y&rnf/
ud,k yf ikd tf yk cf sKycf iG &hf a'oaumfr&Sit f zGUJ cGJ odrYk [kwf c½kid af umfr&Sit f zJUG cJu
G pdppfonht f csed f
wGif- ( c ) a&G;aumufyrGJ sm;ukd jzpfEidk o f a&GU trsm;jynfow l \ Ydk tvkyyf w d &f ufwiG f usi;f y
&rnf/
(u) oufqidk &f m vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tjzpf trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f xm;
olonf rdrdwifjyvkdaom taxmuftxm;rsm;ukd wifjycGihf&Sdonf/ ( * ) a&G;aumufyJGusif;yrnhfaeY&ufukd BudKwifí owfrSwfaMunm&rnf/
( c ) oufqidk &f mvTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tjzpf trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f xm; 35/ tcef;(8)yg vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,rf sm;rSty vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;ukd oufqidk f
olonf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG rhf &Sad Mumif; odrYk [kwf a&G;aumufwif &m rJqE´e,frsm;wGif aexkid Mf uaom qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &fh o dS rl sm;u vSsd KU0Suq f E´rjJ zihf wku d ½f u dk f
ajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG hf t&nftcsi;f rsm;ESijfh ynhpf jkH cif;r&Sad Mumif;ukd xku d ,dk pf m;vS,f a&G;aumufwifajrm§ uf&rnf/
avmif; a&G;aumufcrH nfh rJqE´e,frS ,SONf yKd iaf &G;aumufco H nhf ud, k pf m;vS,f 36/ aumfr&Sifonf -
avmif;wpfO;D OD;u vHak vmufaom taxmuftxm;rsm;wifjyíowfrw S x f m; (u) &yfuGufESihf aus;&Gmtkyfpktvkduf xm;&Sdrnhf rJ½Hkta&twGufukd qE´rJ
onht f wkid ;f uefYuGufEkdifonf/ ay;ydik cf iG &fh odS Ol ;D a&ESiafh 'otajctaeukd rlwnfí oihaf vsmo f vkd owfrw S f
26/ aejynfawmfaumfr&Sit f zJGUcJ?G ud, k yf ikd t f yk cf sKycf iG &hf wdik ;f aumfr&Sit f zGJUcGJ ? ud, k yf ikd t
f yk cf sKyf Ekdifonf odkYr[kwf oufqkdif&m aumfr&SiftzGJUcGJ tqifhqifhokdYvnf; wm0ef
cGi&hf a'oaumfr&Sit f zGUJ cGJ odrYk [kwf c½kid af umfr&Sit f zJUG cJo G nf yk'rf 24 t& pdppfNy;D aemuf ay;tyfEdkifonf/
atmufygtrdefYwpf&yf&yfukd csrSwfEkdifonf - ( c ) NrdKUe,faumfr&SiftzJGUcJGrsm;tm; rJ½Hkae&mrsm; owfrSwf&ef wm0efay;tyf
(u) oufqidk &f m vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tjzpf trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f xm; Ekdifonf/
olonf owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifh nDñGwfygu vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif; 37/ NrKd Ue,faumfr&Sit f zJUG cJrG sm;onf ,if;odrYk ½J rkH sm;owfrw S &f mwGif vTwaf wmfwpf&yfwnf;
tjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHydkifcGihf&dSoljzpfaMumif; owfrSwfaMunmjcif;? twGuo f mr[kwb f J tjcm;vTwaf wmfrsm;twGuyf g a&G;aumufyrGJ sm;ukd wpfNyKd iw f nf;usi;f y
( c ) oufqidk &f m vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tjzpf trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f xm; ojzihf wpfcsed wf nf;wGif qE´raJ y;&ef&ydS gu vTwaf wmfwpf&yfpt D wGuf owfrw S x f m;aom
olonf owfrSwfcsufrsm;ESifh nDñGwfjcif;r&dSygu vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f rJ½rkH sm;ukd aumfr&Si\ f ñTeMf um;csuEf iS t fh nD rJ½w kH pf½w kH nf;wGif tcef;rsm;cJí G owfrw S jf cif;
avmif;tjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHykdifcGihf r&SdoljzpfaMumif; owfrSwf ESifh aqmufvkyfapjcif;jyKEkdifonf/
aMunmjcif;/ 38/ rJ½Hkrsm;ukd aqmufvkyf&mwGif trsm;jynfolwkdY tvG,fwulvma&muf qE´rJay;Ekdif
27/ (u) yk'fr 26 t& csrSwfaom trdefYukd rauseyfolonf oufqkdif&m wdkif;a'o aom ae&mrsm;üaqmufvkyfNyD; vSsdKU0SufqE´rJay;rIukd rxdckdufapa&;twGuf vHkNcHKrI&dSap
Bu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,faumfr&Sit f zJGUcJo G Ydk owfrw S x f m;onht f wkid ;f t,lccH iG fh &ef pDpOfxm;&Sd&rnf/ rJ½Hkrsm;wnf&Sdonhfae&mukd trsm;jynfolwkdY od&Sdap&ef BudKwif
&Sdonf/ aMunm&rnf/
( c ) oufqidk &f mwdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,faumfr&Sit f zJGUcJG\ tqH;k tjzwf 39/ oufqkdif&mNrdKUe,faumfr&SiftzJGUcJGonf rJqE´e,ftoD;oD;&Sd rJ½ Hkrsm;ukd BuD;Muyf
onf yk'fr 53 yg jy|mef;csufrSwpfyg; tNyD;tjywfjzpfap&rnf/ uGyfuJ&ef owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; rJ½HktzJGUrsm;ukd zJUG pnf;&rnf/ ,if;okYd zJUG pnf;&mwGif -
28/ vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tjzpf trnfpm&if;wifoiG ;f xm;olwpfO;D onf rdr\ d (u) EdkifiHh0efxrf;rsm;xJrS oihfavsmfolrsm;ukd rJ½HkrSL;rsm;tjzpf cefYtyf&rnf/
trnfpm&if;wifoGif;vTmukd owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; ½kyfodrf;cGihf&Sdonf/ ( c ) rJ½HktzJGUrsm;ukd jzpfEkdifoa&GU EdkifiHh0efxrf;rsm;ESihf a'ocHtrsm;jynfolwkdY\
29/ a&G;aumufyt GJ wGuf vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tjzpf trnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f xm; ,HkMunfav;pm;jcif;cH&NyD; rJpm&if;wpfckckwGifyg&dSaom EkdifiHom;? {nhfEkdifiH
olonf owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; rdrdukd,fukdjzpfap? tjcm;olwpfOD;ukdjzpfap rdrd\ om; okdYr[kwf EkdifiHom;jyKcGihf&olrsm;jzihf owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; zJGUpnf;
a&G;aumufyJG ukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf cefYxm;&rnf/ wm0efay;tyf&rnf/
30/ (u) þOya't& vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHykdifcGihf ( * ) rJ ½ rkH LS ;ESihf rJ½HktzJUG 0ifrsm;\ wm0efEiS v fh yk yf idk cf iG rfh sm;ukd þOya'? enf;Oya'
t&nftcsi;f ESifh jynfph o kH u l o dk mvQif a&G;aumufyu GJ ,dk pf m;vS,t f jzpf cefx Y m; rsm;ESifhtnD owfrSwfay;&rnf/
&rnf/ ,if;okdY cefYxm;&mwGif xkdol\ oabmwlnDcsufjzihf cefYxm;&rnf/ 40/ vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;toD;oD;onf a&G;aumufyJGusif;yonhfaeYwGif rdrd
( c ) yk'frcGJ(u)t&cefYxm;onhf a&G;aumufyJGukd,fpm;vS,f EkwfxGufvQifjzpfap? a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcrH nhf rJqE´e,ftwGi;f &Sd rJ½t kH oD;oD;ü rdru d , kd pf m;aqmif&u G Ef idk &f ef
uG,v f eG v f Qijf zpfap? a&G;aumufyu GJ , dk pf m;vS,t f jzpfrS ½kyo f rd ;f cH&vQijf zpfap rJ½Hkukd,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;ESihf tulukd,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;pDwdkYukd owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif;
vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;onf a&G;aumufyJGukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf cefYxm;Ekdifonf/ ,if;rJ½Hkukd,fpm;vS,fESihf tulukd,fpm;vS,fwkdYonf rJpm&if;wpfckckwGif
tjcm;olwpfOD;tm; cefYxm;Ekdifonf/ yg&dSNyD; qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf&Sdolrsm; jzpfap&rnf/
41/ (u) rJqE´e,fwpfe,fwiG f a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcrH nfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f
tcef; (8) avmif; wpfO;D wnf;om&Sv d Qif ,if;rJqE´e,ftwGuf a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f yjcif;
wyfrawmfom;vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frsm; rjyKawmhbJ xkdyk*¾dKvftm; vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,fjzpfaMumif; oufqdkif&m
wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,faumfr&SiftzJGUcJGu aMunm&rnf/
31/ vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcHykdifcGihft&nftcsif;rsm;ESihf
( c ) rJqE´e,fwpfe,fwiG f vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;wpfO;D xufyí dk &Scd v hJ Qif
jynfph NkH y;D þOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ESifh rqefu Y siaf om wyfrawmfom;vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;
rJyHk;ESihf qE´rJvufrSwfrsm;ukd enf;Oya'rsm;jzihf owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif;
vS,fpm&if;ukd owfrSwfxm;onhf ta&twGuftwkdif; wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu
jyKvkyfpDpOfí qE´rJay;ap&rnf/
aumfr&Sio f Ydk ay;ykv Yd monht f cg aumfr&Siu f ,if;trnfpm&if;ukpd pd pfí trsm;jynfoo l &d dS
Ekdif&ef aMunm&rnf/ 42/ (u) a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f yonhaf eYwiG f rJ½rkH sm;ukd eHeuf 6 em&DrS nae 4 em&Dtxd
32/ wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu trnfpm&if;wifoGif;xm;aom wyfrawmfom; zGihfvSpfxm;&rnf/ okdY&mwGif qE´rJay;ydkifcGifh&Sdoltm;vHk; qE´rJay;NyD;ygu
vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,w f pfO;D OD;onf þOya'yg jy|mef;csuw f pf&yf&yfEiS hf Nipd eG ;f aeaMumif; rJ½ Hkrsm;ukd nae 4 em&Dxufapmí ydwfEkdifonf/
pdppfawGU&dv S Qif aumfr&Sio f nf xdv k w
T af wmfu,kd pf m;vS,t
f pm; tjcm;wyfrawmfom;vTwaf wmf ( c ) rJ½ Hkudk nae 4 em&DwdwdtcsdefwGif ydwfonfhtcg rJ ½ HkrydwfrD xdkrJ½ Hky&d0kPf
uk, d pf m;vS,w f pfO;D OD;\ trnfpm&if;udk tpm;xd;k ay;yd&Yk ef wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyf twGi;f ü qE´raJ y;&ef a&muf&aSd eolrsm;teuf qE´rrJ ay;&ao;olrsm;&dyS gu
ESifh nd§EIdif;aqmif&Guf&rnf/ ,if;wdUk udk pm&if;aumuf,í l xdpk m&if;wGiyf golrsm;udo k mvQif qE´raJ y;csed f
33/ wyfrawmfumuG,af &;OD;pD;csKyo f nf rdrt d rnfpm&if; wifoiG ;f xm;aom wyfrawmfom; ausmfvGefNyD;jzpfapumrl qE´rJay;cGifhjyK&rnf/
vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;OD;ukd tpm;xdk;ajymif;vJvkdaMumif; aumfr&SifokdY taMumif; 43/ BudKwifqE´rJvufrSwfjzihf qE´rJay;olrsm;rSty qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf&Sdolrsm;onf
Mum;onfhtcg tpm;xdk;ajymif;vJvdkonfh wyfrawmfom;vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f trnf oufqkdif&m rJ½HktoD;oD;ü qE´rJvufrSwfrsm;ukd ukd,fwkdifvma&mufxkwf,lNyD; vQKdU0Suf
tacsmazmif
11-3-2010 tcsyf y k d ( i)
qE´jyKí oufqidk &f mrJy;kH twGi;f okYd uk, d w f idk x f nh&f rnf/ rnforl Q uk, d pf m;vS,af pvTwí f a&G;aumufyJGusif;yonhfaeYwGif rJ½HkrzGihfrD oufqkdif&m rJ½ HkrSL;\vuf0,fodkY
qE´rJay;jcif;rjyK&/ ta&muf ay;ykdY&rnf/
44/ qE´raJ y;ydik cf iG &hf o Sd w l pfO;D onf a&G;aumufyw GJ pfcwk iG f vTwaf wmfoYkd a&G;aumufcaH om ( c ) oufqidk &f m rJ½t kH vku d f qE´raJ y;jcif; Ny;D jywfvQiNf y;D jywfcsi;f rJ½rkH LS ;uk, d w f idk f
vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;rsm;teuf rdrq d E´jyKvakd om vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,af vmif; jzpfap? ,if;uwm0efay;tyfaom rJ½t kH zJUG 0ifujzpfap rJ½w Hk iG yf if rJ½HktzJUG 0if
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45/ (u) oufqidk &f m rJqE´e,fjyifyokaYd &mufaeaom wyfrawmfom;rsm;? ausmif;om; rsm;ukd a&wGu&f rnf/ qE´rrJ sm; a&wGu&f mwGif ckid v f akH omqE´rEJ iS fh rckid v f kH
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rsm;onf BuKd wifqE´rv J ufrw S jf zifh oufqidk &f m rJqE´e,ftwGuf qE´raJ y; a&wGuf&&Sdaom qE´rJta&twGufukd owfrSwfonhftwkdif; qE´rJpm&if;
Ekdif&ef oufqkdif&m NrdKUe,faumfr&SiftzGJUcJGu pDpOfay;&rnf/ Z,m;rsm;jyKpkNyD; &yfuGuf odkYr[kwf aus;&Gmtkyfpkaumfr&SiftzJGUcJGokdY ay;ykdY&
( c ) qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf&SdolwpfOD;onf a&G;aumufy JGusif;yonhfaeYwGif rdrdtrnf rnf/ rdwåLwpfapmifukd NrdKUe,faumfr&SiftzJGUcJGokdY ay;ykdY&rnf/
pm&if;yg&dSaom rJqE´e,frSausmfvGefí c&D;a0;oGm;vm&ef&SdvQif BudKwif ( * ) &yfuGuf okdYr[kwf aus;&Gmtkyfpkaumfr&SiftzJGUcJGonf rdred ,fajrtwGi;f &Sd
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uk, d wf idk v f ma&muf qE´rrJ ay;Ekid o f rl sm;onf qE´raJ y;vkv d Qif BuKd wifqE´rJ
(C) NrdKUe,faumfr&SiftzJGUcJGrsm;onf a&G;aumufyJGusif;yonhfaeY nae 4 em&D
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okdYr[kwf aus;&Gmtkyfpk aumfr&SiftzJGUcJGu pDpOfay;&rnf -
wktYd & qE´jyKxm;onhf BuKd wifqE´rv J ufrw S rf sm;ukd vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f
(1) temBuD;a&m*gpGJuyfaejcif;?
avmif;rsm; okdYr[kwf ,if;wkdY\ a&G;aumufyJGukd,fpm;vS,frsm;ESihf trsm;
(2) a&m*ga0'emjyif;xefpGmcHpm;ae&jcif;? jynfolwdkY\a&SUarSmufü a&wGufNyD; oufqkdif&mqE´rJ pm&if;Z,m;rsm;ukd
(3) touft&G,fBuD;&ifhaejcif;? owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; vTwfawmfrJqE´e,fwpfe,fpDtwGuf aygif;½Hk;
(4) om;zGm;aejcif;? pkpnf;&rnf/
(5) &JtcsKyfpcef; okdYr[kwf tusOf;pcef;wGif tcsKyfcHae&jcif;? 49/ (u) NrdKUe,faumfr&SiftzJGUcJo G nf rJqE´e,fwpfe,fwiG f a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufcH
(6) aq;½Hkü twGif;vlemtjzpf aq;0g;ukorIcH,lae&jcif;? rnhf vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif; wpfOD;xufydkí&SdcJhvQif ,if;vTwfawmf
(7) EkdifiHh0efxrf; okdYr[kwf wyfrawmfom; okdYr[kwf &JwyfzJGU0ifwpfOD; ukd,fpm;vS,favmif;toD;oD;&&Sdonfh cdkifvHkaom qE´rJta&twGufukd
onf rJpm&if;yg&Sd&ma'orSausmfvGefí ,m,Dwm0efoGm;a&muf aMunm&rnf/ cdik v f akH om qE´rt J rsm;qH;k &&So d u l kd a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H
xrf;aqmif&jcif;/ oltjzpf owfrw S af MunmEkid &f efvnf;aumif;? trsm;qH;k &&So d nfh cdik v f akH om
(C) qE´rv J ufrw S f okrYd [kwf BuKd wifqE´rv J ufrw S w
f iG f rdru d , dk wf idk af &;oGi;f &ef qE´rJta&twGuf wlnDaevQif a&G;aumufyJG xyfrHusif;yEkdifa&;twGuf
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G Ykd tjrefwifjy
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f yk cf sKycf iG &hf
46/ yk'rf 45 ? yk'rf cJG (c) ESihf yk'rf cJG (*)? yk'rf cJiG ,f (7)yg rJqE´&iS rf sm;rSty tjcm;a'o&Sd wdkif;aumfr&SiftzGJUcGJ? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&a'oaumfr&SiftzGJUcGJ odkYr[kwf
pDru
H ed ;f rsm;? pufrv I ufrv I yk if ef;rsm;? pku
d yf sK;d a&;? arG;jrLa&;vkyif ef;rsm;ESihf tjcm;pD;yGm;a&; c½kdifaumfr&SiftzJGUcJGokdY ay;ydkY&rnf/
vkyfief;wpfckckwGif oGm;a&muftvkyfvkyfudkifvsuf&SdMuaom rJqE´e,fjyifya&muf EkdifiHh
( c ) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,faumfr&SiftzJGUcJGonf yk'frcJG (u) ESihftnD
0efxrf;rsm;tygt0if tjcm;rJqE´&Sifrsm;ESifh taMumif;trsKd;rsKd;aMumifh rJqE´e,fjyifyokdY
ay;ykdYonhf pm&if;rsm;t& vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumuf
a&muf&SdaeMuaom rJqE´&Sifrsm;\ qE´rJay;ykdifcGifh&&Sdapa&;twGuf -
wifajr§mufcH&aom yk*d¾Kvf\trnfudk aMunm&rnf/
(u) ,if;wkdYonf tNrJwrf;ae&yf&Sd rJpm&if;jzifh xkdrJqE´e,ftoD;oD;wGif
a&G;aumufcrH nfh vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;rsm;ukd rJay;vkyd gu atmufyg ( * ) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;wpfOD;xufykdí,SOfNydKifaom a&G;aumufyJGü
twkdif; aqmif&Guf&rnf - trsm;qH;k &&So d nfh cdik v f akH om qE´rtJ a&twGuw f n l aD eaMumif; yk'rf cJG (u)
t& wifjycsuu f dk wdik ;f a'oBu;D odrYk [kwf jynfe,faumfr&Sit f zJUG cJuG pdppfNy;D
(1) rdrdwkdY\tNrJwrf;ae&yfokdYoGm;a&mufNyD; a&G;aumufyJGusif;yonfhaeY
rwkdifrD owfrSwf&uftwGif; &yfuGuf okdYr[kwf aus;&Gmtkyfpk rdrd\oabmxm;rSwfcsufESihftwl aumfr&SifokdY wifjy&rnf/ a&G;aumufyJG
aumfr&SiftzGJUcJGü BudKwifqE´rJay;jcif;? xyfru H si;f yay;&ef aumfr&Siu f ñTeMf um;vQif aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJG tqihq f ihw f Ydk
onf þOya'ESit fh nD a&G;aumufyu GJ kd xyfru H si;f yay;&rnf/ ,if;odYk xyfrH
(2) a&G;aumufyJGusif;yonfhaeYü rdrd\ tNrJwrf;ae&yf&Sd owfrSwfxm;
usif;yaom a&G;aumufyJGü xkdqE´rJwlnDaeolrsm;omvQif ,SOfNydKifa&G;
onfh rJ½HkwGif ukd,fwkdifoGm;a&mufqE´rJay;jcif;/
aumufcHykdifcGihf&Sdonf/
( c ) ,if;wkdYonf rdrdwkdY\ tNrJwrf;ae&yfokdYoGm;a&mufNyD; rJay;vkdjcif;r&Sdygu
rdrdwkdYa&muf&Sdaeaom rJqE´e,fwGif a&G;aumufcHaom vTwfawmfudk,fpm;
tcef;(11)
vS,favmif;rsm;ukd qE´rJay;EkdifcGifh&&Sdap&ef ,if;wkdYtwGuf rJpm&if; xnfh
oGi;f jcif;? BuKd wifqE´rv J ufrw S jf zifh qE´raJ y;jcif;? rJ½w Hk iG f qE´rv J ufrw S jf zifh aumfr&Sif\vkyfykdifcGihfrsm;
qE´raJ y;jcif;wku Yd dk owfrw S xf m;onfeh nf;vrf;twkid ;f aqmif&u G af y;&rnf/ 50/ aumfr&Sifonf -
47/ (u) a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f yonht f csed üf Ekid if jH yifywGiaf &muf&adS eaom jynfaxmifpk (u) obm0ab;tEÅ&m,fwpfcck ak Mumihf a&G;aumufyGJ rusi;f yEkid af om rJqE´e,f
jrefrmEkid if aH wmf\ oHtzJUG 0ifrsm;ESifh tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;? oH½;kH tzJUG 0ifrsm;ESifh rsm;wGif ,if;ab;tEÅ&m,fuif;&Si;f Ny;D onftxd a&G;aumufyu GJ dk a&TUqkid ;f Ekid f
tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;? ynmawmfoifrsm;ESifh tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;? uk, d pf m;vS,f onf/
tzJUG 0ifrsm;ESifh tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;? jynfaxmifpt k pk;d &\ cGijfh yKcsujf zihf Ekid if H ( c ) rJqE´e,fwpfe,fü a&G;aumufyJG usif;ya&;twGuf rJpm&if;jyKpk&efaomf
jyifywGif a&muf&adS eolrsm;ESifh tdraf xmifp0k ifrsm;u oufqidk &f m rJqE´e,f vnf;aumif;? qE´raJ y;&efaomfvnf;aumif; vHNk cKH rt I ajctaer&Sv d Qif ,if;
rsm;twGuf BudKwifí qE´rJay;Ekdif&ef aumfr&Sifu pDpOfay;&rnf/ rJqE´e,ftwGuf a&G;aumufyJGukd a&TUqkdif;Ekdifonf/
( c ) EkdifiHjyifywGif a&muf&Sdaeaom qE´rJay;ydkifcGihf&Sdolrsm;u BudKwifí qE´rJ ( * ) vTwaf wmfrq J E´e,fwpfe,fwiG f yg0ifaom tcsKd Ua'orsm;ü a&G;aumufyrGJ sm;
ay;Ekid af &;twGuf Ekid if jH cm;a&;0efBu;D Xmeu wm0ef,l qufo, G af qmif&u G f usif;y&ef tajctae&S d N yD ; tcsdKUa'orsm;ü a&G;aumufyJGusif;y&ef tajc
ay;&rnf/ taer&SdvQif a&G;aumufyJGusif;y&ef tajctae&Sdaoma'orsm;ü
a&G;aumufyGJ usi;f y&efaomfvnf;aumif;? a&G;aumufyGJ usi;f y&eftajctae
tcef; (10) r&Sad oma'orsm;ü a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f yjcif; rjyK&efaomfvnf;aumif;? rJ½ rkH sm;
qE´rJa&wGufjcif;ESihf twnfjyKaMunmjcif; udk vHNk cKH r&I adS om ae&mrsm;okYd ajymif;a&TUusi;f y&efaomfvnf;aumif; qH;k jzwf
Ekdifonf/ odkY&mwGif rJpm&if;t& rJqE´&Siftm;vHk;\ 51&mcdkifEIef;u qE´rJ
48/ (u) &yfuGuf okdYr[kwf aus;&Gmtkyfpkaumfr&Sif tzJGUcJGonf rdrdESihfoufqkdifaom ay;Ny;D jzpfvQif xajrmufaom a&G;aumufyt JG jzpfowfrw S Ef ikd o
f nf/ vGwv f yf
rJ½HktoD;oD;twGuf yk'fr 45? yk'frcJG(c)? (*)ESifh yk'fr 46 wkdYt& qE´jyKxm; í w&m;rQwaom a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f y&ef rjzpfEidk [
f k aumfr&Siu f ,lqvQif
aom BuKd wifqE´rv J ufrw
S rf sm;ESifh qE´jyKcahJ om rJqE´&iS f trnfpm&if;wdu
Yk dk ,if;rJqE´e,fwpfe,fvHk;\ a&G;aumufyJGukd a&TUqkdif;Ekdifonf/
tacsmazmif
11-3-2010 tcsyf y k d ( p)
51/ a&G;aumufyJGrsm; a&TUqkdif;jcif;? rJ½Hkrsm;ukd vHkNcHKrI&Sdaomae&mrsm;okdY ajymif;a&TU ( c ) rJpm&if;ukdaomfvnf;aumif;? qE´rJvufrSwf odkYr[kwf BudKwifqE´rJ
usi;f yjcif;ESifh pyfvsO;f onfh vkyyf idk cf iG u
fh dk aumfr&Siu f aumfr&Sitf zJUG cJt
G oD;oD;okYd oihaf vsmf vufrSwfukdaomfvnf;aumif;? ,if;wdkYudkay;ykdY&mwGif toHk;jyKaompmtdwf
ovkd vJTtyfEkdifonf/ okdYr[kwf txkyfukdaomfvnf;aumif; wrifBuH&G,fcsufjzifh zsufqD;jcif;
52/ vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;wpfO;D om&So d nhf rJqE´e,fwpfe,fwiG f a&G;aumufyGJ okdYr[kwf ,if;wkdYwGifa&;oGif;xm;csufrsm;ukd zwf½Iír&ap&ef jyKvkyfjcif;?
rusif;yrD ,if;vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif; uG,fvGefvQifjzpfap? a&G;aumuf ( * ) qE´rJvufrSwf odkYr[kwf BudKwifqE´rJvufrSwfukd rormaomenf;jzihf
wifajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG rfh &Sad Mumif; awGU&Sv
d Qijf zpfap ,if;rJqE´e,ftwGuf a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f y tjcm;olwpfO;D tm;ay;jcif;?
a&;ESihfpyfvsOf;í vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif; trnfpm&if; wifoGif;onhftqihfrSpí (C) qE´rJvufrSwfrSty tjcm;ypönf;wpfckckudk rJyHk;twGif;okdY xnhfoGif;jcif;?
jyefvnfaqmif&Guf&rnf/ ( i ) toH;k jyKqjJ zpfaom rJy;kH ukd tcGit fh mPmr&&Sb d J zGiv fh pS jf cif; okrYd [kwf qE´rJ
53/ a&G;aumufyu GJ pd t
ö wGuf aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJt
G oD;oD;\ a&G;aumufyq GJ idk &f m aqmif&uG f vufrSwf odkYr[kwf BudKwifqE´rJvufrSwfukd zsufqD;jcif;?
csu?f qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;ESifh pyfvsO;f í aumfr&Sio f nf rdr\ d qE´tavsmuf oufqidk &f mtrIw?GJ ( p ) a&G;aumufyJGwpfckckwGif vTwfawmfrJqE´e,fwpfe,fxufykdaom rJqE´e,f
pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ukd awmif;,lMunfh½Ií vkdtyfovkd tqHk;tjzwfcsrSwfEkdifonf/ ,if; rsm;twGuf qE´rJay;jcif;?
qHk;jzwfcsufonf tNyD;tjywf jzpfap&rnf/
(q) a&G;aumufyJGwpfckckwGif rdrdqE´rJay;ydkifcGifh&dSaom vTwfawmfrJqE´e,f
54/ aumfr&Sifonf vGwfvyfí w&m;rQwaom a&G;aumufyJGukd atmifjrifpGm usif;y twGuf wpfBudrfxufykdí qE´rJay;jcif;?
Ekdifa&;twGuf vkdtyfovkd aqmif&GufEkdifonf/
( Z ) olwpfyg;ta,mifaqmifí qE´rv J ufrw S f odrYk [kwf BuKd wifqE´rv J ufrw S f
ukd vma&mufawmif;qkdjcif; odkYr[kwf qE´rJay;jcif;?
tcef; (12)
(ps) a&G;aumufyJGusif;yaepOf rJ½HktwGif;okdY 0ifcGihfr&SdbJ 0ifa&mufjcif;?
a&G;aumufyJGqdkif&m ukefusp&dwfrsm;
(n) twkjyKvyk x f m;aom qE´rv J ufrw S w
f pfcck u k jkd zpfap? trsm;ukjd zpfap rJy;kH
55/ a&G;aumufyJGukd,fpm;vS,fonf oufqkdif&m a&G;aumufyJGtwGuf a&G;aumufyJG twGi;f okYd xnhfoGif;jcif;/
qkdif&m ukefusp&dwfrsm;ukd owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; pepfwus xdef;odrf;xm;&Sd&rnf/ 60/ rnforl qkd a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f yonhaf eYwiG f qE´raJ y;ykid cf iG &fh o dS w l pfO;D OD;tm; qE´rJ
,if;ukefusp&dwfpm&if;ukd owfrSwfxm;onhfenf;vrf;ESihftnD aejynfawmfaumfr&Sif ay;jcif;rjyKEikd af p&ef aESmif, h u S af Mumif; okrYd [kwf aESmih, f u S &f eftm;ay;ulnaD Mumif; jypfrI
tzJGUcJG? oufqkdif&mudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh& wdkif;aumfr&SiftzGJUcGJ? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&a'o xif&Sm; pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdkoltm; wpfESpfxufrydkaomaxmif'Pfjzpfap? usyfwpfodef;
aumfr&SiftzGJUcGJ odkYr[kwf c½kdifaumfr&SiftzJGUcJGokdY wifjy&rnf/ xufrydkaom aiG'Pfjzpfap? 'PfESpf&yfvHk;jzpfap csrSwf&rnf/
56/ a&G;aumufyJGtwGuf oHk;pJGcGifh&dSonfh trsm;qHk;ukefusp&dwfonfvnf;aumif;? 61/ rnfolrqdk a&G;aumufyJGusif;yonhfaeYwGif rJ½HktwGif;üjzpfap? rJ½HkrS ukduf 500
a&G;aumufyJGESihf pyfvsOf;í vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;twGuf tcaMu;aiGjzihf tuGm twGi;f üjzpfap atmufygjyKvyk rf w I pf&yf&yfukd usL;vGeaf Mumif; jypfrx I if&mS ; pD&ifjcif;
aqmif&u G cf iG &hf o
Sd nfh vlO;D a& odrYk [kwf ypön;f ta&twGuo
f nfvnf;aumif; owfrw S of nhf cH&vQif xdo k tl m; wpfEpS x f ufrydak omaxmif'Pfjzpfap? usyw f pfoed ;f xufrydak om aiG'Pf
twkdif; jzpfonf/ jzpfap? 'PfESpf&yfvHk;jzpfap csrSwf&rnf -
(u) rJqG,fjcif;?
tcef; (13) ( c ) rJqE´&SifwpfOD;OD;tm; vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;wpfOD;OD;ukd qE´rJ
a&G;aumufyJGqkdif&mjypfrIrsm;ESihf jypf'Pfrsm; ay;&ef awmif;qkjd cif; odrYk [kwf qE´rrJ ay;&ef wdu k w f eG ;f aoG;aqmifjcif;?
( * ) a&G;aumufyüGJ qE´raJ y;&efaomfvnf;aumif;? qE´rrJ ay;bJae&efaomf
57/ rnfolrqdk a&G;aumufyJGrsm;wGif yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;\ qE´rJay;ydkifcGihfESihf a&G;aumuf vnf;aumif; wku d w f eG ;f aoG;aqmifjcif;/
wifajrm§ ufcyH idk cf iG whf u
Ydk dk usio hf ;kH jcif;rjyKEidk af p&ef tMurf;zufjcif;? Ncrd ;f ajcmufjcif;? ravsmf &Sif;vif;csuf/ þyk'rf ygudpt ö vkiYd mS tjcm;ae&mrsm;wGif a&G;aumufyEGJ iS fh
MoZmoH;k jcif;? vdrv f nfvn S jhf zm;jcif;? vmbfay;jcif; okrYd [kwf vmbf,jl cif;ukjd yKvyk af Mumif; oufqidk o f nhaf Mumfjim? pm&Gupf mwrf; ponfwYdk uyfxm;
jypfrx
I if&mS ; pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdo k t l m; wpfEpS x f ufrydak omaxmif'Pfjzpfap? usyw f pfoed ;f jcif;ESifh csdwfqJGxm;jcif;wdkY ryg0if/
xufrydkaom aiG'Pfjzpfap? 'PfESpf&yfvHk;jzpfap csrSwf&rnf/
62/ rnforl qdk a&G;aumufyu GJ si;f yonhaf eYwiG f qE´raJ y;&efvma&muforl sm; pdwNf iKd jiif
58/ rnfolrqdk atmufygjyKvkyfrIwpf&yf&yfukd usL;vGefaMumif; okdYr[kwf usL;vGef&ef ap&ef okdYr[kwf rJ½HkwGifwm0efusaom rJ½HkrSL;ESihf rJ½HktzJGU0ifrsm; 0wå&m;aqmif&Gufjcif;ukd
tm;ay;ulnDaMumif; jypfrIxif&Sm; pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdkoltm; wpfESpfxufrydkaom taESmihft,Sufjzpfap&ef rJ½HktwGif;üjzpfap? rJ½HkrSukduf 500 twGif;üjzpfap toHcsJUpuf
axmif'Pfjzpfap? usyfwpfoed ;f xufrydak om aiG'Pfjzpfap? 'PfEpS &f yfv;kH jzpfap csrw S f tp&Sad om toHuu dk s,af tmifjyKvyk o f nhf ud&, d mwefqmyvmoH;k pJjG cif;? atmf[pfjcif; tp&Sd
&rnf - aom pnf;urf;rJhonhf tjyKtrludk jyKvkyfaMumif; jypfrIxif&Sm; pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdkoltm;
(u) a&G;aumufrq I idk &f m tcGit fh a&;ukd rw&m;ojzihf &&Sad p&efaomfvnf;aumif;? wpfEpS x f ufrydak om axmif'Pfjzpfap? usyw f pfoed ;f xufrydak om aiG'Pfjzpfap? 'PfEpS &f yf
,if;tcGihfta&;ukd&&SdchJjcif;twGuf aus;Zl;wkHYjyefonhftaejzihfaomfvnf; vHk;jzpfap csrSwf&rnf/
aumif; aiG? ypön;f ? tpm;taomuf? &mxl;? tvkyt f ukid f ae&majymif;a&TUrI 63/ rnforl qkd rJ½w kH iG f qE´raJ y;&ef owfrw S x f m;aom tcsed ef m&DtwGi;f rJ½üHk rzG,rf &m
odrYk [kwf tjcm;tcGit fh a&;wpfcck u k kd toH;k jyKvsuf vmbfay;jcif; odrYk [kwf aom trIujdk yKjcif; okrYd [kwf rJ½ H rk LS ;u rdr\ d wm0ef0wå&m;t&ay;onhf trdeu Yf rdk emcHjcif;
vmbf,jl cif;? aMumifh rJ½HkrLS ; odrYk [kwf rJ½rkH LS ;\ tcGit fh mPm& rJ½t kH zJUG 0ifwpfO;D \ trdet Yf & wm0efus
( c ) a&G;aumufrq I idk &f mtcGit fh a&;ukd vGwv f yfpmG rusio fh ;kH Ekid af p&ef vGwT af wmf &JwyfzUGJ 0if okrYd [kwf tjcm;vHNk cKH a&;wm0ef&o dS u l rJ½rkH zS ,f&mS ;cH&Ny;D aemuf rJ½ HkrLS ;\ cGijfh yK
ukd,fpm;vS,favmif;wpfOD;OD;ukd aomfvnf;aumif;? qE´rJay;ykdifcGihf&Sdol csurf &&Sb d J rJ½o Hk Ydk jyef0ifvmaMumif; jypfrx I if&mS ;pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xdo k t l m; wpfEpS x f ufrydk
wpfOD;OD;ukd aomfvnf;aumif; Ncdrf;ajcmufjcif;? aom axmif'Pfjzpfap? usyfwpfodef;xufrydkaom aiG'Pfjzpfap? 'PfESpf&yfvHk;jzpfap
( * ) vlrsK;d a&;ukjd zpfap? bmoma&;ukjd zpfap taMumif;jyí qE´raJ y;&efaomfvnf; csrSwf&rnf/
aumif;? qE´rrJ ay;&efaomfvnf;aumif; ajymqkjd cif;? a[majymjcif;? aMunmcsuf 64/ rnforl qkd a&G;aumufyq GJ idk &f mjypfrrI sm;ESifh pyfvsO;f í vdrv f nfpyG pf w GJ idk w f ef;aMumif;
xkwfjyefjcif; odkYr[kwf ,if;okdYjyKvkyf&ef tm;ay;vHIYaqmfjcif;? jypfrxI if&mS ; pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xko d t l m; oH;k ESpx f ufrydak omaxmif'Pfjzpfap? usyo f ;kH ode;f
(C) qE´raJ y;jcif; ysujf ym;ap&efjzpfap? a&G;aumufyJG ysujf ym;ap&efjzpfap pnf; xufrydkaom aiG'Pfjzpfap? 'PfESpf&yfvHk;jzpfap csrSwf&rnf/
a0; a[majymjcif;? vIHUaqmfjcif;? a&;om;jcif;? jzefYcsdjcif;? ykdpwmrsm;toHk; 65/ (u) þtcef;yg jypfrrI sm;udk &Jta&;,lyikd cf iG &fh adS om jypfrrI sm;tjzpf owfrw S o f nf/
jyKjcif; odkYr[kwf tjcm;enf;jzifh tm;xkwfBudK;yrf;jcif;/ ( c ) a&G;aumufyq GJ idk &f m jypfrrI sm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í oufqidk &f m rJqE´e,fwiG f qE´rJ
59/ rnfolrqdk atmufygjyKvkyfrIwpf&yf&yfukd usL;vGefaMumif; okdYr[kwf usL;vGef&ef ay;ykdifcGihf&Sdol wpfOD;OD;ujzpfap? vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif; okdYr[kwf
tm;ay;ulnDaMumif; jypfrIxif&Sm;pD&ifjcif;cH&vQif xkdoltm; wpfESpfxufrykdaom a&G;aumufyJGukd,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;OD;ujzpfap? rJqE´e,ftwGuf wm0ef,l
axmif'Pfjzpfap? usyfwpfodef;xufrydkaom aiG'Pfjzpfap? 'PfESpf&yfvHk;jzpfap aqmif&u G &f aom aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJG okrYd [kwf rJ½t kH zJUG wpfcck w k iG f yg0ifaom
csrSwf&rnf - tzJGU0ifwpfOD;OD;ujzpfap oufaotaxmuftxm; ckdifvHkpGmjzihf
(u) aumfr&SiEf iS fh aumfr&Sit f zGUJ cJrG sm;u xkwjf yefxm;aompm&if;? taMumif;Mum;pm a&G;aumufyJG rusif;yrDaomfvnf;aumif;? a&G;aumufyJGusif;yaepOf
odrYk [kwf a&G;aumufyq GJ ikd &f m tjcm;pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;ukd wrifBu&H , G cf sujf zihf aomfvnf;aumif;? a&G;aumufyJGusif;yaomaeYrS 15 &uftwGif;aomf
zsuq f ;D jcif; odrYk [kwf zwf½í I r&ap&ef jyKvyk jf cif;? vnf;aumif; Oya'ESihftnD wdkifwef;avQmufxm;Ekdifonf/
tacsmazmif
11-3-2010 tcsyf y k d ( q)
tcef; (14) ( X ) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;wpfOD; a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&a&;twGuf
w&m;rJhjyKusihfrIrsm; ygwDwpfckckukdjzpfap? yk*d¾KvfwpfOD;OD;ukdjzpfap tMurf;zufjcif;? rrSefruef
pGyfpJGjcif;? a&;om;jcif;? trsm;jynfolqlylrIjzpfatmif zefwD;jcif;/
66/ atmufygwkdYonf w&m;rJhjyKusifhrIrsm;jzpfonf -
(u) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;ujzpfap? ,if;\ a&G;aumufyu GJ , dk pf m;vS,f tcef; (15)
ujzpfap? ,if;wkdY wpfOD;OD;\ oabmwlnDcsufjzihf tjcm;olwpfOD;OD;u a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&jcif;ESihf pyfvsOf;í uefYuGufcsufrsm;ukd
jzpfap - tqHk;tjzwfay;jcif;
(1) vmbfay; vmbf,lrI jyKvkyfjcif;? 67/ a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&jcif;udk uefYuGufvkdygu owfrSwfxm;aom tcaMu;aiG
(2) a&G;aumufrIqkdif&m tcGihfta&;ukd taESmihft,SufjyKvkyfjcif;? ay;oGi;f í þtcef;&Sd jy|mef;csurf sm;ESit fh nD wifoiG ;f aom a&G;aumufyu GJ efuY u G v f mT jzihf
(3) olwpfyg;ta,mifaqmifjcif;? uefYuGuf&rnf/
(4) r[kwfrrSefajymqkdaMunmjcif;? 68/ (u) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H oltm; uefu Y u G af om
(5) r[kwfrrSef0efcHvufrSwfa&;xkd;jcif;/ uefu Y u G v f mT ukd ,SONf yKd itf a&G;cHaom rnfonfv h w T af wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;
( c ) rJqE´e,fwpfe,ftwGif; a&G;aumufyJGwGif wpfBudrfxufykdí qE´rJay;jcif; urqkd okdYr[kwf rnfonfh rJqE´&Sifurqkd yk'fr 53 t& aumfr&Sifu
okdYr[kwf a&G;aumufyJGrsm;ukd wpfcsdefwnf;usif;ypOf wpfe,fxufykdaom qH;k jzwfNy;D onhf udp&ö yfrsm;rSty ,if;a&G;aumufyEGJ iS phf yfvsO;f í qDavsmaf om
rJqE´e,frsm;twGuf qE´rJay;jcif;jzihf rdrdvkdvm;aom vTwfawmfukd,fpm; taMumif;jycsurf sm;udk azmfjyNyD; aumfr&SifokdY owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif;
vS,favmif;tm; tusdK;&Sdapjcif;? wifoGif;avQmufxm;Ekdifonf/
( * ) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,u f aomfvnf;aumif;? ,if;\ a&G;aumufyu GJ ,dk pf m; ( c ) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;wpfO;D onf rdr\ d uefu Y uG v f mT wGif vTwaf wmf
vS,fuaomfvnf;aumif; a&G;aumufyJGqkdif&mukefusp&dwfESifhpyfvsOf;í ukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&oltm; uefYuGuf&mü rdrdom
owfrw S cf suEf iS rfh nDñw G af om tok;H p&dwrf sm;usco H ;Hk pGjJ cif; okrYd [kwf ,if;okYd vQif rJtrsm;qHk;&í a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&oljzpfonf[k aMunmap&ef
uscHokH;pGJ&ef oabmwlnDjcif;? awmif;qkdvdkygu atmufygtaMumif;jycsuf wpf&yf&yfukd tajccH&rnf-
(C) a&G;aumufyq GJ ikd &f m ukeu f sp&dwaf iGpm&if;rsm;ukd a&G;aumufyu GJ , dk pf m;vS,f (1) avQmufxm;olomvQif ckdifvHkaom rJtrsm;qHk;&onfrSm trSefjzpf
u owfrSwfxm;onhftwkdif; a&;rSwfxm;&ef ysufuGufjcif;? onf[laom taMumif;jycsuf?
( i ) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif; okrYd [kwf ,if;\ a&G;aumufyu GJ , dk pf m;vS,f (2) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&ol &&Sdaom
\ wk d u f w G e f ; csuf j zih f a omf vnf;aumif;? oabmwl n D c suf j zih f a omf rJrsm;wGif w&m;rJjh yKusirhf aI Mumihf &&Sad omrJrsm;ryg&Scd ahJ omf avQmufxm;
vnf;aumif; - olonfom ckdifvHkaom rJtrsm;qHk;ukd&&SdEkdifonf[laom taMumif;
(1) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;tjzpf yg0if&ef okdYr[kwf ryg0ifbJ jycsuf/
ae&ef okdYr[kwf vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpfrS EkwfxGuf&ef 69/ (u) aumfr&Sifonf a&G;aumufyJG uefYuGufvTmrsm;ukd ppfaq;&ef atmufyg
&nf&, G cf sujf zihjf zpfap? aus;Zl;wHjYk yefcsujf zihjf zpfap wpfO;D wpfa,muf a&G;aumufyGJ ckHtzGJUrsm;ukd zGJUpnf;Ekdifonf -
aomolu vmbfvmbvufcHjcif; okdYr[kwf vmbfvmbvufcH&ef (1) aumfr&Sif tzJGU0ifwpfOD;u Ouú|tjzpf aqmif&GufNyD; usefaumfr&Sif
oabmwljcif;? tzGJU0ifESpfOD;yg0ifaom a&G;aumufyGJckHtzGJU?
(2) qE´rJay;&ef okdYr[kwf qE´rJray;bJae&ef rJqE´&SifwpfOD;OD;ukd (2) aumfr&SiftzGJU0ifwpfOD;u Ouú|tjzpf aqmif&GufNyD; Oya'uRrf;usif
aoG;aqmif&efjzpfap? aoG;aqmifvkdojzihf tm;xkwf&efjzpfap wpfOD; aom oihfavsmfonfh EkdifiHom;ESpfOD;yg0ifaom a&G;aumufyGJckHtzGJU/
wpfa,mufaomolu rdrdtwGuf okdYr[kwf olwpfyg;twGuf vmbf ( c ) a&G;aumufyJGckHtzGJU0ifrsm;onf rnfonhfEkdifiHa&;ygwD0ifrQ rjzpfap&/
vmbvufcH&ef oabmwljcif;/ ( * ) aumfr&Sit f zJUG 0ifr[kwaf om a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJUG 0ifrsm;twGuf cs;D jri§ afh iGudk
(p) rrSerf uefjyKvyk x f m;aom a&G;aumufyq GJ ikd &f m ukeu f sp&dwaf iGpm&if;ukd wifjy aumfr&Sifu owfrSwfay;&rnf/
jcif; okrYd [kwf xku d o hJ Ydk a&G;aumufyq GJ ikd &f mukeu f sp&dwf aiGpm&if;ukd rSeu f ef (C) a&G;aumufyJG uefYuGufvTmESihf pyfvsOf;onhf ta&;,laqmif&Guf&ef&Sdaom
onf[k 0efcjH cif; odrYk [kwf owfrw S x f m;onht f wkid ;f wifoiG ;f &ef ysuu f u G f udpötm;vHk;ukd a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGUrsm;u pDrHaqmif&Guf&rnf/
jcif;? ( i ) rJqE´e,fwpfe,fwiG f usi;f yaom a&G;aumufyEGJ iS fh pyfvsO;f í a&G;aumufyGJ
(q) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;r[kwfaom okdYr[kwf ,if;\ a&G;aumufyJG uefu Y u G v f mT wpfapmifxufyNdk y;D wifoiG ;f vQif aumfr&Sio f nf xku d efu Y u G v f mT
uk,d pf m;vS,rf [kwaf om tjcm;olwpfO;D OD;u ,if;vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,f tm;vH;k ukd ,if;rJqE´e,ftwGuf zJUG pnf;xm;aom a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJUG wpfzUGJ
avmif;\ cGihfjyKcsufr&SdbJ vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumuf wnf;okdYom vJTtyf&rnf/ xkdcHktzJGUonf xkduefYuGufvTmrsm;ukdcJGíjzpfap?
wifajrm§ ufcH &ap&efjzpfap? a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H a&;twGuf tm;ay;vkd aygif;íjzpfap rdrdwkdYoabmtwkdif; pHkprf;ppfaq;Ekdifonf/
aomaMumihjf zpfap tpnf;ta0;usi;f yí aomfvnf;aumif;? pm&Gupf mwrf; ( p ) cefYxm;NyD;jzpfaom a&G;aumufyJ G cHk tzJGU0ifwpfOD;onf cHktzJGU0iftjzpfjzihf
rsm; a0iSíaomfvnf;aumif;? tjcm;wpfenf;enf;jzifh aomfvnf;aumif; aiG raqmif&u G Ef idk cf ahJ omf okrYd [kwf pHpk rf;ppfaq;aecku d w f iG f qufvufraqmif
tukeftuscHjcif; okdYr[kwf ukefus&ef cGifhjyKjcif;? &GufEkdifcJhaomf aumfr&Sifonf tzJGU0ifopfwpfOD;ukd tpm;xkd;cefYxm;&rnf/
(Z) yHkESdyfol? xkwfa0olwkdY\ trnf?ae&yfryg&Sdaom a&G;aumufyJGESihf oufqkdif jyefvnfzUGJ pnf;aom xkcd t kH zJUG onf pHpk rf;ppfaq;qJjzpfaom uefu Y u G v f mT ukd
onhf aMumfjim? pm&Gufpmwrf;? ykdpwm ponfwkdYukd jzefYcsdxkwfa0jcif;jzihf topfjyefvnfppfaq;vkdu ppfaq;Ekdifonf/
rdrv d v dk m;aom vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;tm; tusKd ;&Sad pjcif;? 70/ a&G;aumufyGJ uefu Y u G v f mT rsm;ukd pdppfMum;em&mwGif a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJUG onf vkt d yf
(ps) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif; okrYd [kwf ,if;\a&G;aumufyGJ uk, d pf m;vS,\ f ygu a&SUaecsKyu f dk ½k;H awmfo[m,tjzpf zdwMf um;í Oya'tBuÓ H Pfrsm; awmif;cHEidk o f nf/
wdu k w f eG ;f csujf zifah omfvnf;aumif;? oabmwlncD sujf zifah omfvnf;aumif; a&SUaecsKyfonf rdrdudk,fwkdif cHktzJGUokdY rvma&mufEkdifygu rdrdukd,fpm;aqmif&Gufap&ef
rJqE´&iS u f qE´raJ y;csed w f iG f rdr\ d qE´rv J ufrw S u f dk rJ½rkH S tjcm;ok, Yd al qmif a&SUaecsKy½f ;kH rS oihaf vsmaf om Oya't&m&Sd tqihf (1)atmufrf edro hf nhf yk*Kd¾ vt f m; cHt k zJUG okYd
oGm;jcif;? apvTwf aqmif&GufapEkdifonf/
(n) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif; okrYd [kwf ,if;\ a&G;aumufyu GJ , dk pf m;vS,f 71/ a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H olwpfO;D onf atmufygtcsuf wpf&yf&yfEiS hf NidpeG ;f aMumif;
u jzpfap? ,if;wkw Yd pfO;D OD;\ oabmwlncD sut f & tjcm;olwpfO;D ujzpfap awGU&dSvQif ,if;tm;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcJhjcif;onf
vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;wpfOD; a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&a&;twGuf ysufjy,faMumif; a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGUu qHk;jzwfEdkifonf –
tultnDudk 0efxrf;wpfO;D OD;xHr&S ,ljcif;? &,l&eftm;ay;ulnjD cif; okrYd [kwf (u) a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H aom vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,o f nf w&m;rJjh yKusirhf I
&,l&eftm;xkwfjcif;? rsm;jzifh rJtrsm;qH;k udk &,lco hJ nf[vk nf;aumif;? xdek nf;jzifyh if aoG;aqmifí
( # ) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;wpfOD; a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&a&;twGuf &,lco hJ nf[k vnf;aumif;? a&G;aumufyt GJ Edik t f ½I;H onf w&m;rJjh yKusirfh rI sm;
bmoma&;txdrf;trSwfrsm;ukd a&G;aumufyJGwGif toHk;jyKjcif; okdYr[kwf aMumifhom jzpf&onf[kvnf;aumif; ay:vGifxif&Sm;jcif;?
vlrsK;d ukd jzpfap? uk;d uG,&f mbmomukjd zpfap taMumif;jyKraJ y;Mu&ef okrYd [kwf ( c ) a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H aom vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,\ f tusK;d iSm w&m;rJh
rJray;bJaeMu&ef tpDtpOfjyKvsuf vHIUaqmfjcif;? jyKusifhrIwpfckckudkjyKaMumif; ay:vGifxif&Sm;jcif;?
tacsmazmif
11-3-2010 tcsyf y k d ( Z)
( * ) vGwv f yfí w&m;rQwaoma&G;aumufyrGJ [kwaf Mumif; ay:vGix f if&mS ;jcif;? ( c ) ar;cGef;wpf&yfukd rjzpfraeajzqkd&jcif;aMumihf xkdajzqkdoltm; ajzqkdcsufukd
(C) vmbfay;vmbf,lrIjyKjcif;? a&G;aumufrIqdkif&m tcGifhta&;rsm;udk aESmifh taMumif;jyKí rkom;oufaoxGufqkdonf[k w&m;pGJqkdaom jypfrIrSty
,Sujf cif;wdaYk Mumifh vGwv f yfpmG rJay;Edik cf iG &hf aSd om a&G;aumufyrJG [kwaf Mumif; tjcm; rnfonhfjypfrIwGifrQ xkdajzqkdcsufukd oufaocHtjzpf toHk;rjyK&/
ay:vGifxif&Sm;jcif;? ,if;odkY jyKvkyfrIrsm;aMumifh a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH& 81/ a&G;aumufyGJckHtzGJUokdY avQmufxm;ol okdYr[kwf avQmufxm;cH&olukd,fwkdifjzpfap?
aMumif; ay:vGifxif&Sm;jcif;? ,if;wku Yd ,dk pf m;aqmif&u
G &f ef cefx
Y m;aoma&SUae odrYk [kwf uk,
d pf m;vS,jf zpfap a&G;aumuf
( i ) yk'fr 10? yk'frcJG (p)? (q)? (Z)? (ps) odkYr[kwf (X)yg yk*¾dKvf odkYr[kwf tzJGU yJG cHktzJGUa&SUarSmufokdY vma&mufaqmif&GufEkdifonf/ odkY&mwGif avQmufxm;ol okdYr[kwf
tpnf;wpf&yf\ tzJGUtpnf;0ifjzpfaMumif; ay:vGifxif&Sm;jcif;/ avQmufxm;cH&ol ukd,fwkdifvma&muf&rnf[k a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGUu ñTefMum;onhftcg
72/ (u) a&G;aumufycJG t kH zGJUonf uefu Y uG cf surf sm;udk ppfaq;Ny;D aomtcg vTwaf wmf ,if;wkdYukd,fwkdif vma&muf&rnf/
ud, k pf m;vS,t f jzpf a&G;aumufwifajr §mufcx H m;&olujkd zpfap? a&G;aumufyJG
uefu Y u G v f mT wifí rdru d o kd m a&G;aumufwifajrm§ ufc&H oltjzpf aMunmxdu k f tcef;(16)
aMumif; avQmufxm;oludkjzpfap vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumuf taxGaxG
wifajr§mufcHxm;&oljzpfonf rjzpfonfudk aumfr&SifodkY tpD&ifcH&rnf/
82/ aumfr&Sit f zGUJ cGt
J qihq f iht f ygt0if a&G;aumufyEJG iS o hf ufqidk o f nhf wm0ef0wå&m;
( c ) a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJGU0iftm;vH;k onf rdrw d \ Ydk qH;k jzwfcsuyf g&Sad om tpD&ifcpH m rsm;ukd xrf;aqmifaomyk*d¾Kvfonf atmufygtcsufrsm;ukd vkdufemaqmif&Guf&rnf -
ukd vufrSwfa&;xkd;í aumfr&SifokdY aqmvsifpGm wifoGif;&rnf/ (u) a&G;aumufyJGESifh oufqdkifaom pm&if;Z,m;rsm;ESifhrSwfwrf;rsm;udk wduspGm
73/ a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&aom vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,fonf ,if;\a&G;aumufyJG jyKpk xdef;odrf;jcif;?
udk,fpm;vS,fr[kwfaom tjcm;yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;OD;\ ya,m*aMumihf w&m;rJhjyKusifhrIwpfckck ( c ) vQdKU0SufqE´rJay;jcif;ukd ulnDapmihfa&Smufjcif;?
twGuf tjypf&o dS nf[k a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJUG u tpD&ifc&H mwGif atmufygtaMumif; wpf&yf
( * ) aumfr&Sifu xkwfjyefcGihfjyKaom pm&if;tcsuftvufrsm;rSwpfyg; tjcm;
&yfay:aygufaMumif; xifjrif,lqygu xkdvTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,ftm; a&G;aumufwif udpörsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;í aygufMum;jcif;r&Sdap&ef apmihfxdef;jcif;?
ajr§mufcJhjcif;onf rysufjy,f[k aumfr&Sifu qHk;jzwfEkdifonf -
(C) a&G;aumufyGJwGif vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;wpfOD;OD;twGuf rSefrSef
(u) vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;ESihf ,if;\ a&G;aumufyJG ukd,fpm;vS,fwkdY\ uefuef aqmif&Gufjcif;? rnfonhfvTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,favmif;twGufrQ
oabmwlcGihfjyKcsufr&SdbJ usL;vGefcJhaom w&m;rJhjyKusifhrIjzpfjcif;? rJrqG,f&jcif;? bufrvkduf&jcif;/
( c ) vTwaf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,af vmif;ESifh ,if;\ a&G;aumufyu GJ ,dk pf m;vS,w f oYdk nf 83/ þOya'wGif jy|mef;xm;onhf jypfrw I pfcck u k kd wpfO;D wpfa,mufaomolu usL;vGef
a&G;aumufyJGusif;y&mwGif w&m;rJhjyKusihfrIrsm;ukdrjyKap&ef wwftm;oa&GU aMumif; odrYk [kwf usL;vGeq f jJ zpfaMumif; awGU&Sv d Qif rJ½rHk LS ;onf xko d u l zkd rf;qD;&ef wm0efus
wm;qD;aqmif&u G cf jhJ cif;? &JwyfzJGU0if odkYr[kwf tjcm;vkHNcKHa&;wm0ef&Sdoltm; ñTefMum;Edkifonf/
( * ) w&m;rhJjyKusifhrIrsm;onf a&G;aumufyJGukd xdckdufjcif;r&Sdaom ao;Ekyft&m 84/ aumfr&SiEf iS fh aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJrG sm;onf a&G;aumufyu JG si;f ya&;ESifh pyfvsO;f í vkt d yf
ra&mufonhf jyKusifhrIjzpfjcif;? aom tultnDrsm;ukd tpk;d &Xme? tzJUG tpnf;rsm;xHraS omfvnf;aumif;? tjcm;tzJUG tpnf;
(C) a&G;aumufyJGonf vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,favmif;ESihf ,if;\a&G;aumufyJG rsm;ESihf yk*¾dKvfrsm;xHrSaomfvnf;aumif; &,laqmif&GufEkdifonf/
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ w&m;rJhjyKusifhrIuif;&Sif;onf[k ay:aygufjcif;/ 85/ aumfr&SiEf iS fh aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJrG sm;wGif tzJUG 0iftjzpfaomfvnf;aumif;? a&G;aumufyGJ
74/ (u) a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJUG \ qH;k jzwfcsuu f dk rauseyfonfah vQmufxm;ol okrYd [kwf wm0efrsm;ukdxrf;aqmifaom 0efxrf;tjzpfaomfvnf;aumif; yg0ifaqmif&Gufjcif;onf
avQmufxm;cH&oltjzpf yg0ifcJholonf Oya'aMumif;t& rSm;,Gif;ojzihf EkdifiHawmf\wm0efukd xrf;aqmifjcif;jzpfonf[k rSwf,l&rnf/
jyifqifay;&ef owfrw S xf m;onfu h mvtwGi;f owfrw S x f m;onfh enf;vrf; 86/ aumfr&Si?f aumfr&Sit f zJUG cJt
G qihq f ihEf iS fh a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJUG wk\ Yd þOya'yg jy|mef;
twkid ;f aumfr&Sio f Ydk avQmufxm;Ekid o f nf/ Oya'a&;&mjyóem ay:aygufrS csurf sm;t& aqmif&u G cf suf odrYk [kwf qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;ESipfh yfvsO;f í rnfonhw f &m;½H;k wGif
om þyk'frt& avQmufxm;cGihf&Sdonf/ rQ ppfaq;ykdifcGihfr&Sdap&/
( c ) yk'rf cJ(G u)t& avQmufxm;&ef owfrw S x f m;onfh umvtwGi;f aumfr&Sio f Ydk 87/ w&m;0iftyfESif;xm;aomvkyfykdifcGihft& Oya'ESihftnD rdrdwm0efukd oabm½kd;jzihf
avQmufxm;rIr&SdvQif aumfr&Sifonf a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGU okdYr[kwf pGrf;aqmifEkdiforQ xrf;aqmifaom aumfr&SifESihf aumfr&SiftzJGU0ifrsm;? aumfr&SiftzJGUcJG
a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJUG rsm;\qH;k jzwfcsurf sm;ukd Ekid if aH wmfjyefwrf;wGif xkwjf yef tqihfqifhESihf ,if;wkdY\ tzJGU0ifrsm;? a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGUESifh a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGU0ifrsm;?
aMunm&rnf/ rJ½HkrSL;tygt0if rJ½HktzJGU0ifrsm;\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;twGuf w&m;raMumif;t&jzpfap?
75/ (u) yk'rf 74 t& avQmufxm;csuu f vdk ufc&H &Syd gu aumfr&Sio f nf avQmufxm; jypfrIaMumif;t&jzpfap w&m;pJGqkdjcif;rcHxkdufap&/
olEiS fh avQmufxm;cH&oltm;jzpfap? ,if;wk\ Yd a&SUae okrYd [kwf uk, d pf m;vS,f 88/ vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcJhjcif;onf ysufjy,faMumif;
tm;jzpfap vkdtyfovkd Mum;emNyD; atmufygqHk;jzwfcsuf wpf&yf&yfukd yk'rf 74? yk'rf cJG (c) okrYd [kwf yk'rf 75? yk'rf cJG (c)t& aumfr&Siu f Ekid if aH wmfjyefwrf;wGif
csrSwfEkdifonf - xkwfjyefaMunmjcif;cH&olonfvnf;aumif;? owfrSwfxm;onhftwdkif; a&G;aumufyJG
(1 ) a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGU\ qHk;jzwfcsufukd twnfjyKjcif;? ukeu f sp&dwpf m&if; wifoiG ;f &ef ysuu f uG of jzihf t&nftcsi;f ysu, f iG ;f onf[k a&G;aumufyGJ
ckHtzJGU\ qkH;jzwfcH&NyD; aumfr&Sifu t&nftcsif;ysuf,Gif;ol[k aMunmjcif;cH&aom
(2) a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGU\ qHk;jzwfcsufukd y,fzsufjcif;/
vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f odrYk [kwf a&G;aumufyu GJ ,
kd pf m;vS,o f nf vnf;aumif;? vTwaf wmf
( c ) yk'frcJG (u)t& aumfr&Sif\ qHk;jzwfcsufonf tNyD;tjywfjzpfonf/ ,if; udk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf a&G;aumufwifajr§mufcH&NyD;aemuf wnfqJOya'wpf&yf&yft&
qHk;jzwfcsufukd EkdifiHawmfjyefwrf;wGif xkwfjyefaMunm&rnf/ axmif'PfuscH&ojzihf vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf qufvuf&yfwnfydkifcGihf r&Sdawmh
76/ a&G;aumufycGJ t kH zJGU0ifrsm;onf tpD&ifcpH mwifjy&müjzpfap? a&G;aumufyGJ uefu Y u G f aMumif; aumfr&Siu f aMunmjcif;cH&aom vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,o f nf vnf;aumif;? tcef;
vTmESihf pyfvsOf;aom tjcm;udpöwpf&yf&yfukd aqmif&Guf&müjzpfap oabmxm;uJGvJGvQif (13)yg jypfrw I pf&yf&yft& axmif'Pfusc&H ojzihf vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,af vmif; odrYk [kwf
trsm;pk\ oabmxm;qE´twkid ;f qH;k jzwfaqmif&u G &f rnf/ oabmxm;uJv G oGJ nhf tzJGU0if vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpf qufvuf&yfwnfydkifcGihfr&SdawmhaMumif; aumfr&Sifu
&SdvQif ,if;\ taMumif;jycsuftusOf;csKyfukd xdktpD&ifcHpmwGif xnhfoGif;azmfjyí aMunmjcif;cH&olonfvnf;aumif; aMunmonhfaeYrSpí vuf&SdvTwfawmfoufwrf;ESihf
vufrSwfa&;xkd;cGihf&Sdonf/ aemufvmrnhf vTwaf wmfoufwrf;twGuf usi;f yonhf a&G;aumufyw GJ iG f vTwaf wmfu, kd pf m;
77/ a&G;aumufyJGcHktzJGUonf trIppfaq;jcif;udpöESihf pyfvsOf;í w&m;rusihfxHk;Oya' vS,favmif;tjzpf yg0if,SOfNydKifcGihf r&Sdap&/
t& w&m;½H;k okt Yd yfEiS ;f xm;aom tmPmrsm;ukd usio fh ;Hk aqmif&u G cf iG &fh o
dS nf/ xkjYd yif ta&;yg 89/ vTwfawmfwGif wpfpkHwpf&maom taMumif;aMumihf vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fae&m
aom oufaocHcsufrsm;ukd xGufqkdEkdifrnf[k,lqaom rnfonhfyk*¾dKvfukdrqkd rdrdwkdY\ vpfvyfcJhvQif Oya'ESihftnD tpm;xdk; a&G;aumufwifajr§muf&rnf/
oabmtwkdif; qifhqkdí ppfaq;Ekdifonf/ 90/ aumfr&Sio f nf þOya'yg jy|mef;csurf sm;ukd taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G &f mwGif
78/ a&G;aumufyGJckHtzGJUonf a&G;aumufyGJuefYuGufrIrsm;ukd ppfaq;&mwGif oufaocH vkdtyfaom enf;Oya'rsm;? vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;rsm;? trdefYaMumfjimpm? trdefYESifhñTefMum;csuf
Oya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ukd usihfokH;aqmif&GufcGihf&Sdonf/ rsm;ukd xkwfjyefEkdifonf/
79/ rnfonhpf mcsKypf mwrf;ukrd Q owfrw S o f nht f wkid ;f wHqyd af cgif;jynfph pkH mG uyfxm;jcif;
r&Sad om taMumif;aMumihaf omfvnf;aumif;? rSwyf w kH ifjcif;rjyKaom taMumif;aMumihaf omf
vnf;aumif; oufaocHtjzpfjzihf vufrcHbJrae&/ (ykH) oef;a&T
80/ pHkprf;ppfaq;&mwGifay:xGufvsuf&Sdonhf jiif;csufrsm;ESihfpyfvsOf;í ar;aom AkdvfcsKyfrSL;BuD;
ar;cGef;rsm;ukd oufaou ajzqkd&rnf/ okdY&mwGif - Ouú|
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