USEFUL FORMULAE

Units
I Pm = 101 5 m, I Tm = 109 m, I Gm = 109 m, I Mm = 106 m, 1 km = 1000 m = 103 m,
1 cm = 102 m, 1 mm = 103 m, 1 m = 106 m, 1 nm = 109 m, 1 pm = 1012 m, 1 fm = 1015 m
1 mile = 1,609.3 m = 1.6093 km
1 ft = 12 inches = 0.305 m, 1 inches = 0.025 m; mph - miles per hours = miles/hr
1 N = 1 kg m/s2 , 1 J = 1 Nm
Geometry / Vector
Circle - Circumference: C = 2r, Area A = r2
Sphere - Surface Area: Asphere = 4r2 , Volume: Vsphere = 34 r3
Pythagorean theorem: a2 + b2 = h2
sin = ha , cos = hb , tan = ab

Constants in Physics
Solar System
Earth
Moon
Sun

Mass
5.98 1024 kg
7.35 1022 kg
1.99 1030 kg

Radius
6, 400km
1, 700km
6.96 108 m

Orbital Radius
1.50 1011 m
384, 403 km

Orbital Period
365.2564 days
27.322 days
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Formulae in Physics
Kinematical Variables
Definition or Formula
Position
x(t) R
Displacement
x = x(t) x0 = v(t)dt
R
v(t) = dx(t)
a(t)dt
Velocity
dt = v0 +
dv(t)
Acceleration
a(t) = dt
Density =

m
V