Dependent Clauses

They have a subject and a verb; however, they cannot

stand along as sentences.
They begin with subordinating conjunctions (abbi saw a
wuwu): after, although, as, because, before, even
though, if, since, though, unless, until, when, whenever,
whereas, wherever, while).
Example: because Mary and Samantha arrived at the
bus station before noon
Example: while he waited at the train station
Example: after they left on the bus

Complex Sentences
A complex sentence is made up of an independent
clause and one or more dependent clauses connected
to it.
A dependent clause can be added to an independent
clause for form a complex sentence.

Complex Sentences
The dependent clauses can go first in the sentence, followed by
the independent clause.
Because Mary and Samantha arrived at the bus station before
noon, I did not see them at the station.
While he waited at the train station, Joe realized that the train was
late.
Tip: When the dependent clause comes first, a comma should be
used to separate the two clauses.

Complex Sentences
Conversely, the independent clause can go first in the sentence,
followed by the dependent clause.
I did not see them at the station because Mary and Samantha
arrived at the bus station before noon.
Joe realized that the train was late while he waited at the train
station.
Tip: when the independent clause comes first, a comma should not
separate the two clauses.

Another example. . .
A complex sentence can have more than one dependent
clause.
While many people are scared of roller coasters,
because of the steep hills and quick turns, they still ride
them for the thrill.

 Although some people are afraid of ninjas, since

they kill tons of people, I think theyre cool.
Because ninjas have so many enemies, they live
high up in trees on top of mountains. No one can
reach them in their mountain tree forts unless they
lower their rope ladders for them. If you tried to
climb up a ninjas tree without the rope ladder, you
would probably get hit with a million ninja stars.
Despite their inhospitable nature, ninjas are usually
really nice to children and animals.