bài giảng môn học mathcad 1.1

Bi ging mn hc MathCad
By:
KS. Hunh Vng Thu Minh
Bi ging mn hc MathCad
By:
KS. Hunh Vng Thu Minh
Online:
< http://cnx.org/content/col10744/1.1/ >
CONNEXIONS
Rice University, Houston, Texas
This selection and arrangement of content as a collection is copyrighted by KS. Hunh Vng Thu Minh. It is licensed
under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Collection structure revised: July 29, 2009
PDF generated: October 27, 2012
For copyright and attribution information for the modules contained in this collection, see p. 201.
Table of Contents
1 Li ni u - Mn hc MathCad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Gii thiu Mathcad 2001i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3 Nhp k t v cng thc trn Mathcad 2001i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4 MathCad vi i s v s hc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5 Vc t v ma trn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
6 Cc hm s trong Mathcad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
7 V th . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
8 Lp trnh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
9 Nhng kt d liu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
10 MathCad ng dng (phn 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
11 MathCad ng dng - phn 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
12 Ph lc 1 - gio trnh MathCad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
13 Ph lc 2 - gio trnh MathCad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
14 Ti liu tham kho - Gio trnh MathCad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Attributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .201
iv
Available for free at Connexions <http://cnx.org/content/col10744/1.1>
Chng 1
Li ni u - Mn hc MathCad
LI NI U
Mathcad l mt phn mm tnh ton mnh, giao din rt thn thin vi WORD, c nhng bng tnh v
hm ging nh EXCEL v c phn ho. Ngoi ra cn c th lp trnh trn Mathcad nh mt ngn ng
lp trnh bc cao. V th Mathcad rt ph hp cho cc k s trong vic tnh ton cng nh thuyt minh
mt n k thut.
Gio trnh mn hc Mathcad c bin son dnh cho sinh vin ngnh Thy Cng v cng l ti liu
tham kho cho cc sinh vin ngnh Mi trng v Xy dng. Do c th mn hc ny c 2 tn ch (1 tn
ch l thuyt v 1 tn ch thc tp). Tc gi khng c tham vng gii thiu tht y v chi tit, mc ch
gio trnh ny nhm hng n cho sinh vin ngnh Thu Cng c th ng dng cng ngh thng tin
gii quyt nhng bi ton trong chuyn ngnh nhanh chng v hiu qu.
Ngoi nhng phn l thuyt, bi ging cn a ra nhng bi tp ng dng trong chuyn ngnh nhm
gip sinh vin d hiu hn.
Trong thi gian bin son, tc gi chn thnh cm n s gip ca MSc. Trn Vn Hng, KS.Trn vn
T v KS. Lm Vn Thnh.
Do kin thc v thi gian c hn, ti liu tham kho rt him cho nn gio trnh khng trnh nhng
thiu st. Rt mong s ng gp chn thnh ca cc bn ng nghip v sinh vin.
Tc gi
1 This
content is available online at <http://cnx.org/content/m30165/1.1/>.

CHNG 1. LI NI U - MN HC MATHCAD
Chng 2
Gii thiu Mathcad 2001i
CC THAO TC CN THIT
2.1 Khi ng Mathcad 2001i

khi ng Mathcad 2001i, c th thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Nhp p vo biu tng
Nhp vo nt Start/Mathsoft Apps/Mathcad 2001i professional.
2.2 Thot khi Mathcad 2001i

thot khi Mathcad 2001i, c th thc hin theo cc cch sau:
Trn thanh menu : chn File/Exit.
T bn phm: nhn Alt+F+X.
.
Nhp vo nt iu khin
2.3 Lu tr
2.3.1 Lu Worksheet vi tn mi
Khi va khi ng Mathcad 2001i, khi mun lu tr li hoc t file c mun lu tr li vi tn mi, bng
cc cch sau:
Trn thanh menu: chn File/Save As. . .
T bn phm: nhn t hp Alt+F+A
Mathcad 2001i s m ra hp thoi Save As (hnh 1.1) cho php t tn v chn ni lu tr, trong :
Mc Save in: chn th mc cn lu tr (hnh 1.1) chn th mc Mathcad 2001i.
Mc File name: ni t tn cho Worksheet.
Mc Save as type: cho php lu tr Worksheet theo cc phin bn ca Mathcad hoc dng Template,. . .
1 This
CHNG 2. GII THIU MATHCAD 2001I
Figure 2.1
Hnh 1.1. Hp thoi Save As

Sau , nhp vo nt Save (hoc g Enter) hon tt vic lu tr.
2.3.2 Lu Worksheet c tn sn
Trn thanh cng c chun: nhp vo biu tng
.
T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+S (hoc Alt+F+S).
Trn thanh menu: chn File/Save.
2.4 M mt Worksheet
2.4.1 M mt Worksheet hon ton mi
.
T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+N (hoc Alt+F+N).
Trn thanh menu: chn File/New.
Sau , hp thoi New xut hin ( hnh 1.2)
Figure 2.2
Hnh 1.2. Hp thoi New
2.4.2 M mt Worksheet c sn
.
T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+O (hoc Alt+F+O).
Trn thanh menu: chn File/Open.
Sau , xut hin Hp thoi Open nh hnh 1.3
Mc Look in: chn th mc c cha fie cn m.
Mc File name: tn file cn m.
Mc Files of type: c th m cc tp tin ca Mathcad vi cc ui *.mcd (cac Worksheet); *.mct
(cac Template); *.hbk (sch gip ca Mathcad); *.* (hie
an th tat ca
u cac taap tin).
Sau chn Open hon tt vic m mt tp tin.
Figure 2.3
Hnh 1.3. Hp thoi Open
2.5 GII THIU GIAO DIN Mathcad 2001i

2.5.1 Thanh tiu (Title bar) ( hnh 1.4)
V tr: nm trn nh mn hnh, cho bit chng trnh ang chy l Mathcad 2001i, trang ang lm
vic l [Untitled:1] (i vi tp tin cha c tn), [Tn tp tin] i vi tp tin c tn.
Nt iu khin mn hnh: nm bn phi mn hnh
Figure 2.4
2.5.2 Thanh thc n (menu bar) ( hnh 1.4 )

Trn thanh thc n (menu bar) c nhiu trnh n, khi mt trnh n c chn, th ngay lp tc mt
thc n th (Full Down menu) (hnh 1.5) xut hin cho php chn lnh k tip.
[U+F076] File: ngoi cc lnh tng t nh WORD, EXCEL, cn c cc lnh giao tip vi cc ngi
dng Mathcad khc trn th gii thng qua mng Internet (Collaboratory) (hnh 1.5).
[U+F076] Edit: im ni bt trong ny l xut hin cc mc Links, Object gip ngi s dng Mathcad
c th trao i d liu vi cc i tng khc (hnh 1.6).
Figure 2.5
Full Down menu
Figure 2.6
[U+F076] Insert : Trong menu ny (hnh1.7) Mathcad cho php chn cc mc sau:
10
Figure 2.7
11
Figure 2.8
***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***

Hnh 1.9. nh dng kt qu
12
Figure 2.9
Figure 2.10
13
Figure 2.11
14
Figure 2.12
2.5.3
2.5.4 Thanh cng c chun (Standard Toolbar) (hnh 1.15)
Figure 2.13
Thanh cng c chun chun (Standard Toolbar) cho php thc hin cc thao tc bng biu tng (hnh
1.15) nh sau:
15
Figure 2.14
khc nh Word, Excel. . .

[U+F09F]
: to mt mi lin kt vi cc ngun ti liu khc do ngi s dng t lp nn. Khi s
dng, ch cn kch p vo t no ca ti liu tc khc s xut hin ti liu khc c lin quan n n.
2.5.5 Thanh nh dng (Formatting Toolbar) (hnh 1.16)
Figure 2.15
Cho php nh dng i tng v: Kiu ch (Font), kch c (size), canh hng ngang, dc, ch s trn, di,. . .
16
2.5.6 Thanh cng c Math (Math Toolbar)
Figure 2.16
2.6
Thanh cng c Math chuyn dng tnh ton (hnh 1.17), khi nhp vo mi biu tng trn thanh cng
c Math th xut hin ln lt cc bng sau:
S hc (Calculator Tollbar).
Bng la chn cc dng th (Graph Tollbar).
Vc t v Ma trn (Vector and Matrix Tollbar).
Bng cc ton t quan h (Evaluation Tollbar and Boolean Tollbar).
Bng cc php ton v o hm, tch phn, gii hn,. . .(Caculus Tollbar).
Bng cc t kho lp chng trnh (Programming Tollbar).
Bng cc mu k t Hy Lp (Greek Symbol Tollbar).
Bng cc t kho Symbolic (Symbolic keyword Tollbar).
17
Figure 2.17
Figure 2.18
18
2.6.1 Thanh trng thi (Status bar) (hnh1.19 )
Figure 2.19
2.6.2 Vng son tho v tnh ton (region), hnh ch thp (crosshair) (hnh 1.4)
[U+F09F] Vng son tho v tnh ton: c dng hnh ch nht mu trng (mc nh).
[U+F09F] Hnh ch thp mu (Crosshair): th hin v tr trnh by mt i tng trn mn hnh.
NH DNG TRANG V IN
2.6.3 nh dng trang in

nh dng trang in, t thanh menu chn File/Page Setup. . . xut hin hp thoi Page Setup. . . (hnh
1.20).
19
Figure 2.20
Hnh 1.20. Hp thoi Page Setup

[U+F09F] Ti mc Paper size: chn kh giy.
[U+F09F] Orientation Portrait: chn kiu in trang ng.
[U+F09F] Orientation Landscape: chn kiu in trang ngang.
[U+F09F] Margins : canh l tri, phi, trn, di. Mc nh n v l inches (1in = 2.54cm).
2.6.4 In t Mathcad
in trong Mathcad, thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh menu: chn File/Print. . .
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+P.
20
Figure 2.21
Chng 3
Nhp k t v cng thc trn

Mathcad 2001i
1
NHP K T
3.1 La chn thuc tnh cho k t

[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu : chn Format/Style, xut hin hp thoi Text Style (hnh 2.1).
Figure 3.1
Hnh 2.1. Hp thoi Text Style

[U+F09F] C th chn New t tn cho mt ln la chn (nu mun s dng nhiu kiu ch - Style),
hoc nu mun mc nh th chn Normal/Modify. . . xut hin hp thoi Define Style (hnh 2.2).
1 This
21
22
CHNG 3. NHP K T V CNG THC TRN MATHCAD 2001I
Figure 3.2
[U+F09F] Trong hp thoi Define Style : chn

2.3).
, xut hin hp thoi Text Format (hnh
Figure 3.3
23
Hnh 2.3 Hp thoi Text Format
Trong hp thoi Text Format cho php la chn cc thuc tnh cho k t, sau chn OK/Close
hon tt cng vic. Khi trn thanh nh dng (Formatting Toolbar) s thay i (hnh 2.4).
Figure 3.4
Hnh 2.4. Thanh Formatting Toolbar sau khi nh dng Style
3.1.1 To vng k t
Mun to vng k t, thc hin theo cc bc sau:
[U+F09F] Kch con tr chut ti v tr mun t k t.
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: nhn Insert/Text Region.
[U+F09F] Hoc t bn phm: nhn .
, tin hnh nhp k t, mun xung dng th nhn Enter,
Khi khung k t hin trn mn hnh
mun thot nhn tr chut ngoi khung k t (hnh 2.5).
Figure 3.5
Hnh 2.5. Khung k t

Lu :
thao tc c nhanh, ch cn kch tr chut ti vng mun th hin k t, nh bnh thng cui
cng s dng thanh Spacebar, chui k t t ng chy vo khung k t.
3.2 X L K T
3.2.1 Sao chp k t
Sau khi chn i tng, thc hin vic sao chp theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Edit/Copy.
[U+F09F] Trn thanh cng c chun: nhp vo biu tng
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+C.
24
3.2.2 Ct k t
Sau khi chn i tng, thc hin vic ct k t theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Edit/Cut.
[U+F09F] Trn thanh cng c: nhp vo biu tng
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+X.
3.2.3 Dn k t
Sau khi chn v tr cn dn i tng, thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Edit/Pase.
[U+F09F] Trn thanh cng c: nhp vo biu tng
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+V.
3.2.4 Xo chui k t
Kch chn khung k t cn xo:
[U+F09F] Xo k t nm bn tri im chn: nhn Bksp ( ).
[U+F09F] Xo k t nm bn phi im chn: nhn Delete.
[U+F09F] Xo tt c cc khung k t: chn Edit/Select All (nhn trl+A).
3.2.5 Mun ghi chng k t

Kch tr chut ngay bn tri ca k t u tin mun ghi chng:
[U+F09F] Nhn phm Insert bt u nhp ni dung mi.
[U+F09F] Nhn li phm Insert tr li ch mc nh ban u.
3.2.6 Chn cng thc vo chui k t

Kch tr chut ti ni mun chn cng thc, sau c th thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Insert/Math Region.
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+Shift+A.
Xut hin khung trng nhp cng thc, kch chut vo mt ch bt k trong vng vn bn tr v
ch nhp k t.
3.2.7 Kt ni
Mun kt ni mt tp tin bt k, thc hin theo cc bc sau:
[U+F09F] Chn i tng mun kt ni.
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Insert/Hyperlink (hoc nhn Ctrl+K), xut hin hp thoi Insert
Hyperlink (hnh 2.6).
[U+F09F]
[U+F09F]
[U+F09F]
[U+F09F]
[U+F09F]
Chn
tm file cn kt ni.
Mun file kt ni dng Pop-up th kch vo mc Display as pop-up document.
Mun s dng a ch tng i, kch vo mc Use relative path for hyperlink.
Mun th hin ch thch thanh trng thi, nh vo mc Message that appears. . .
Cui cng chn OK.
25
Figure 3.6
Hnh 2.6. Hp thoi Insert Hyperlink

Khi mun m file kt ni, ch cn kch p vo i tng c kt ni.
3.2.8 Tm v thay th
3.2.8.1 Tm k t
Thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Edit/Find. . .
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+F
Xut hin hp thoi Find (hnh 2.7)
Figure 3.7
26

Hnh 2.7. Hp thoi Find
[U+F09F] Trong khung Find what nhp chui k t cn tm.
[U+F09F] Nhn Find Next thc hin vic tm k t.
3.2.8.2 Thay th k t
Thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Edit/Replace. . .
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+F
Xut hin hp thoi Replace (hnh 2.8)
Figure 3.8
Hnh 2.8. Hp thoi Replace

[U+F050] Trong khung Find what: nhp chui k t mun tm.
[U+F050] Trong khung Replace with: nhp chui k t mun thay th.
[U+F050] Th Replace: ch thay th mt k t hin hnh.
[U+F050] Th Replace All: thay th ton b k t hin hnh.
[U+F050] Th Find Next: tm k t k tip thay th.
3.2.9 Kim tra li chnh t

Thc hin theo cch sau:
[U+F09F] Chn k t mun kim tra li.
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Edit/Check Spelling. . .
Xut hin hp thoi Check Spelling (hnh 2.9)
27
Figure 3.9
Hnh 2.9. Hp thoi Check Spelling

[U+F050] Trong khung Not Found: xut hin t b li.
[U+F050] Trong khung Change To: xut hin t thay th.
Lu :
Trng hp t thay th trong t in b thiu, c th thm t mi vo t in.
3.2.10 Son tho ni dung ca phn trang tnh dnh nhp s liu
Mi loi s liu nn nhp vo mt bng ring hoc mt phn ring trn trang tnh. Trong trang ny nn c
cc s hoc hnh v gii thch ngha ca cc s liu c nhp. to cc hnh v, c th s dng
AutoCAD hay Paint chn vo trang tnh ca Mathcad.
3.2.11 Son tho ni dung ca phn trang tnh dnh xut kt qu

Cch son tho ni dung trang tnh dnh xut kt qu cng ging nh khi son tho trang tnh dnh
nhp s liu. Kt qu xut ra cng cn phn loi v xp vo tng bng theo nhm ngha d theo di.
Km theo bng kt qu nn c cc hnh v minh ho, c th s dng phn ho trong Mathcad v
bng s liu thc. Nh vy khi s liu thay i th gi tr v biu hnh v s thay i theo. Hoc c th
dng AutoCAD hay Paint, nhng n ch thun tu l hnh v minh ho ch khng m t c kt qu thc.
3.2.12 Son tho ni dung trang tnh dnh lu tr c s d liu

Trong qu trnh tnh ton c th s dng nhng bng tra, hoc bng s liu t Excel, th c son
sn... tt c c xem l c s d liu dng tra cu, ni suy hay c s liu. . .
Nu khng mun lu tr c lp vi Mathcad, c th chp n vo trang nm bn phi trang in trong
Mathcad. Khi khng cn nh dng trang ny v n s khng c in.
Trng hp c mt s cng thc tnh ton hoc lp trnh khi khng mun cho ngi s dng phn mm
nhn thy hoc khng mun in ra, thc hin theo cc bc nh sau:
[U+F09F] Chn Insert/Area chn vng cn kho (lock).
[U+F09F] Kch nt phi chut vo vng cn kho xut hin menu th v chn Lock. . .
28

[U+F09F] Trong hp thoi Lock Area, g vo Password.
[U+F09F] Chn OK hon tt vic kho.
3.3 NHP CNG THC

t con tr chut ti ch bt u g cng thc, sau t bn phm c th g cc k t, con s hoc cc
ton t nh cng (+), tr (-), nhn (*), chia (/),. . . hoc c th dng thanh cng c Math ( c gii
thiu chng 1).
Khi nhp cng thc tnh ton, ta s thy chng nm trong khung cng vi ng ch mu xanh
bit theo di l k t no ang c x l.
3.3.1 Chn cc k hiu ton t

chn ton t vo biu thc:
[U+F09F] Kch vo biu thc mun chn.
[U+F09F] Nhn phm Ins di chuyn im chn sang tri.
[U+F09F] Nhn phm ton t mun chn.
3.3.2 Xo cc k hiu ton t

xo cc k hiu ton t:
[U+F09F] Kch vo biu thc mun xo.
[U+F09F] Nhn phm Ins chuyn im chn sang tri.
[U+F09F] Nhn phm BkSp ( ).
3.3.3 Xo ton b cng thc

[U+F09F] Kch chn cng thc mun xo.
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: nhn Edit/Delete.
3.3.4 Thm du ngoc n vo biu thc

ng ngoc mt i tng duy nht:
[U+F09F] t con tr chut trc hoc sau i tng.
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn du nhy n ().
ng ngoc nhiu i tng:
[U+F09F] t con tr vo trc i tng v nhn phm du ngoc m ( ( ).
[U+F09F] t con tr chut vo sau i tng v nhn phm du ngoc ng ( ) ).
3.3.5 Nhp cc con s

1. Nhp cc s ln hn 999
Khi nhp cc con s ln hn 999, khng c dng du phy (,) hoc du chm (.) phn cch cc con s
m phi nh lin tc.
V d: 10000 hoc 200000
1. Nhp s thp phn
Khi nhp cc s thp phn, dng du chm (.) phn bit s thp phn.
29
1. Nhp con s tng theo bi s 10
[U+F09F] Nhp s cn tng theo bi s ca 10.
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn a*10^ s xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** .
[U+F09F] Trong khung trng hnh ch nht, nh con s tng ng vi bi s 10.
1. Nhp s o
nhp s o:
[U+F09F] nh s thc.
[U+F09F] nh i hoc j ngay sau cc s .
Lu :
Nu mun th hin s o l i hoc j ta phi nh l 1i hoc 1jsau s 1 s bin mt. Nu ch
nh i hoc j th n hiu l mt bin ch khng phi s o.
3.3.6 nh ngha bin

trnh nhm ln cc tn bin, tt nht nn chn tn bin ging nh tn bin cn tnh ton.
V d: Tnh h s bin ng Cv (trong tnh ton Thy vn)
Nh vy lc ny Cv l mt bin trong Mathcad.
3.3.7 nh ngha hm
Bn cht ca hm trong Mathcad cng ging nh hm trong ton hc. Trong Mathcad c tt c cc tnh
nng nh mt chng trnh ton hc. Do tnh c hm thc hin theo cc bc sau:
[U+F09F] Khai bo bin.
[U+F09F] Khai bo hm.
[U+F09F] Kt qu.
V d:
30
3.3.8 Bng k mt s t hp phm bm ca Mathcad

Phm bm
Hin th
Ch gii
Ctrl+Shift+Z
[U+F0A5]
V cng
Ctrl+Shift+P
[U+F070]
S Pi
C s e
1i
S o i
[U+F025]
Phn trm
Thao Tc Trn Cc Ca S V Worksheets

Phm bm
Hin th
Ch gii
Ctrl+F4
ng Worksheet
Ctrl+F6
Qua ca s k tip
Ctrl+O
M Worksheet
Alt+F4
That
Ctrl+Q
That
F1
M ca s gip
F5
M Worksheet
F6
Lu Worksheet
F7
To Worksheet mi
F9
Tnh mt biu thc c chn
Shift+F1
M hoc thot ca s gip
Esc
Thot ca s gip
Phm Tt Cho Son Tho
Phm bm
Hin th
Ch gii
Enter
Chn mt hng trng
Delete
Xa hng trng
Ctrl+F5
Tm chui
Shift+F5
t li chui
Alt+BkSp
Phc hi li son tho sau cng
Ctrl+C
Copy
Ctrl+V
Dn
Ctrl+X
Ct
Ctrl+U
Chn hp thoi n v
Table 3.1
31
32
To Php Tan
Phm bm
Hin th
Ch gii
Giai tha
Tng dy
&
Tch phn
Du ngoc
M ngoc
ng ngoc
Nhn
Cng
Tch cc i s ca
hm s
Cho dy s
Du tr
<
<
Nh hn
>
>
Ln hn
o hm cp 1
Thnh phn ca
vc t hoc ma
trn
Cn bc hai
Ly tha
Gi tr tuyt i,
nh thc ma trn
Ctrl+1
Php hon chuyn
Ctrl+3
Khng bng
Tch mt dy
continued on next page
33
Ctrl+4
Tng cc thnh
phn ca vct
Ctrl+9
Nh
bng
Ctrl+0
Ln hn hoc bng
Ctrl+8
Tch c hng
Ctrl+-
Vct ha
Ctrl+=
Bng
Ctrl+6
Trch ct ca ma
trn
Ctrl+Shift+4
Tng
Ctrl+Shift+3
Tch
Ctrl+Shift+?
o hm cp n
Ctrl+\
Cn bc n
Ctrl+Enter
Xung dng (nu

dng tnh qu di)
hn
hoc
Cc Php Ton Symbolic

Phm bm
Hin th
Ch gii
Ctrl+I
***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS

NOT SUPPORTED.***
Nguyn hm
Ctrl+L

NOT SUPPORTED.***
Gii hn
Ctrl+Shift +A

NOT SUPPORTED.***
Gii hn bn phi
Ctrl+Shift +B

NOT SUPPORTED.***
Gii hn bn tri
Phm To Mt Vng
Phm bm
@
Hin th
Ch gii
V th trong mt phng
continued on next page
34
Ctrl+5
V contour
Ctrl+7
V trong ta cc
Ctrl+2
V b mt ma trn
Ctrl+G
i k t Roman sang Hylap v ngc

li
Ctrl+M
To ma trn hoc vc t
Ctrl+ Shift +P
Chn k hiu s Pi
Ctrl+ Shift +Z
Chn k hiu v cc
Table 3.2
3.4 N V O LNG TRONG MATHCAD

Trong Mathcad n v mc nh l h SI (International System of Units). Mathcad c kh nng tm n v
tiu chun khi tnh ton v t ng thay i n v tnh ton. Cho nn khng c g ngc nhin khi bn nh
ngha n v ca bin l Tone (tn) th trong qu trnh tnh ton Mathcad t ng chuyn qua n v l
Kilogram (kg). Nu bn mun kt qu c th hin bng n v l T, thc hin nh sau:
[U+F09F] Kch vo kt qu c n v mun iu chnh, s xut hin khung ch nht mu en ngay sau
n v.
[U+F09F] G vo n v mun c th hin.
V d:
Kt qu:
Lu : Trc phi nh ngha: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** .
Chng 4
MathCad vi i s v s hc
TNH TON VI SYMBOLICS T THANH CNG C CHUN
Figure 4.1
Hnh 3.1. Trnh n Symbolics trn menu bar

Symbolics/Evaluate/Symbolically: xut gi tr biu thc di dng k hiu.
V d: Tnh (2a-1) + 3a
[U+F09F] Chn biu thc
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c chun: nhn Symbolically/Evaluate/Symbolically (hoc nhn Shift + F9).
[U+F09F] Kt qu: 5a-1
[U+F076] Symbolics/Evaluate/foating Point. . .: xut gi tr biu thc di dng s thc ng.
V d: Tnh 1 + 31
[U+F09F] Chn biu thc.
1 This

35
36
CHNG 4. MATHCAD VI I S V S HC
[U+F09F] Chn Symbolically/Evaluate/Foating Point, xut hin hp thoi Floating Point Evaluation
(hnh 3.2).
Figure 4.2
[U+F09F] Trong th Floating Point Precision mc nh l 20, c th thay i tu thch, sau chn OK.
[U+F09F] Kt qu : 1.33333333333333333333.
[U+F076] Symbolics/Evaluate/Complex:
xut gi tr biu thc di dng s phc.
V d: Tnh 2i + 1
[U+F09F] Chn biu thc
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c chun: nhn Symbolics/Evaluate/Complex
[U+F09F] Kt qu:
[U+F076] Symbolics/Simplify: n gin biu thc.
[U+F076] Symbolics/Expand: khai trin biu thc c chn.
V d:
[U+F076] Symbolics/Factor: khai trin biu thc c chn, phn tch thnh nhn t.
V d:
[U+F076] Symbolics/Collect: sp xp theo lu tha ca bin.
V d:
z2 - xz + x2z2 + 2z -1 cho kt qu (x2+1)z2+(-x+2)z-1
[U+F076] Symbolics/Polynomial Coefficient: tm cc h s ca a thc.
***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** V d:
(1-x)(x2+2) -3x -1 cho kt qu:
Lu : Sau khi n gin biu thc n s sp xp cc h s theo th t t di ln trn.
[U+F076] Symbolics/Variable/Solve: gia
ui ph
ong trnh.
[U+F076] Symbolics/Variable/Substitute: tnh biu thc theo biu thc con.
V d:
Tnh U2 +U vi U= x+1 Cho kt qu (x-1)2 + x -1
[U+F076] Symbolics/Variable/ Differentiate: tnh o hm.
[U+F076] Symbolics/Variable/Integrate: tnh nguyn hm.
37
[U+F076] Symbolics/Variable/ Expand to series. . .: khai trin chui.
V d:
[U+F076] Symbolics/Variable/Convert to Partial Fraction: phn tch cc phn thc n gin hn c mu
bc nht.
4.1 TNH TON VI SYMBOLICS T THANH CNG C

MATH
Figure 4.3
Hnh 3.3. Bng Symbolics t thanh Math

[U+F076]
: Symbolics Evaluation
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
: Symbolics Keyword Evaluation (g biu thc km t kho).

: la chn cc iu kin b sung t bng Modifier (hnh 3.4).
Figure 4.4
38
Hnh 3.4. Bng Modifier
[U+F076]
: cho kt qu l s thc vi phn thp phn tu chn.
[U+F076]
: cho kt qu l s phc.
[U+F076]
: to gi thuyt cho bin.
[U+F076]
: gii phng trnh cho kt qu dng Symbolics.
: n gin mt biu thc.
[U+F076]
V d:
[U+F076]
: tnh mt biu thc theo mt biu thc con.
[U+F076]
: phn tch thnh nhn t ca mt biu thc.
[U+F076]
: khai trin mt biu thc di dng lu tha, tch, tng.
[U+F076]
: trch cc h s ca a thc theo bin la chn.
: sp xp a thc theo bin chn.
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
: khai trin thnh chui Taylor cc hm s.
V d:
: phn tch mt biu thc thnh cc tng phn s n gin hn.
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
[U+F076]
: khai trin hm s dng fourier.

: khai trin hm s dng laplace.
: khai trin dng z- transform ca mt hm s.
: bin i ngc dng fourier.
: php bin i ngc dng laplace.
: php bin i ngc dng z- transform.
39
4.2 LM TON TRN SYMBOLICS MENU V MATH

PALETTE
4.2.1 Khai trin biu thc
Mathcad cho php bn khai trin biu thc s hoc ch.
V d:
Khai trin biu thc ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Cch 1:
[U+F09F] Kch chn biu thc mun khai trin.
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c: nhn Symbolics/Expand.
[U+F09F] Kt qu: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Lu : Theo mc nh, kt qu khai trin s nm bn di biu thc c khai trin. Nu mun kt qu
khai trin nm ngang vi biu thc thc hin theo cch sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c: nhn Symbolics/Evaluation Style/ Hrizontally, xut hin hp thoi Evaluation Style (hnh 3.5).
[U+F09F] Th hin du bng nhn (Shift+) hoc nhn Insert/Text Region v g vo du bng (=).
[U+F09F] Kt qu: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** = ***SORRY, THIS
MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Figure 4.5
Hnh 3.5. Hp thoi Evaluation Style

Cch 2:
Kch chn biu thc mun khai trin
T thanh Math: kch vo biu tng
, xut hin bng symbolics (hnh 3.3).
T bng Symbolics: kch vo nt lnh

Kt qu: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Lu : nu mun thay i biu thc ang tnh th ch c cch 2 l cp nht kt qu.
40
4.2.2 Rt gn biu thc

Rt gn biu thc (Simplify), tng t nh khai trin biu thc cng c 2 cch tnh
V d:
a. Rt gn biu thc : ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
[U+F09F] Kt qu cch 1: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** = 1
[U+F09F] Kt qu cch 2: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
b. Rt gn biu thc ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** iu kin x>0
Chn biu thc cn rt gn
v
, g vo iu kin
T bng Symbolics: kch vo
Kt qu: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
4.2.3 Trc cn thc mu

trc cn thc mu, s dng hm factor.
V d:
Trc cn thc: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Kt qu cch 1: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** = ***SORRY, THIS
MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Kt qu cch 2: ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
4.3 CC PHP TNH GII HN, O HM V TCH PHAN

Kch chn thanh Calculus t thanh cng c Math (Hnh 3.6)
Figure 4.6
Hnh 3.6.Thanh Calculus

[U+F076]
: o hm cp 1
V d: Tnh o hm cp 1 ca hm f(x) = 2x3 + 3x
[U+F076]
: o hm cp n
41
V d: Tnh o hm cp 2 ca hm f(x) = 2x3 + 3x
[U+F076]
V d:
: tnh gii hn
[U+F076]
V d:
: tnh gii hn bn phi
[U+F076]
V d:
: tnh gii hn bn tri
Figure 4.7
[U+F076]
V d:
: tnh tch phn gii hn v tch phn suy rng
[U+F076]
V d:
: tnh tng nhiu s
[U+F076]
: tnh tch nhiu s

42
V d:
BI TP CHNG 3
1. n gin cc biu thc sau:
x2 34
x4
+ 2x 5
2. Khai trin biu thc sau:
3. n
q gin biu thc c iu kin:
a2
a. [U+E09E]a1[U+E09F]
2 , iu kin a>1
p
p
2
2
b. (x 1) (x 1) , iu kin x<-1
4. Phn tch thnh nhn t:
5. Gii cc phng trnh v bt phng trnh:
6. Tnh o hm cp 1 ca nhng hm s sau:
7. Cho hm s: f (x) := x4 2x2 1

Tm x khi o hm cp 2 ca f(x)>0
8. Tnh gii hn cc hm s sau:
43
Figure 4.8
Figure 4.9
Figure 4.10
44
Chng 5
Vc t v ma trn
5.1 TO MT VC T V CC PHP TNH VC T

5.1.1 To mt Vc t
Vc t l mt dy sp xp ngay ngn (hay Ma trn ch c mt ct). to mt Vc t trong Mathcad, thc
hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] Trn thanh menu: chn Insert/Matrix. . .
[U+F09F] Trn thanh Math: nhp vo biu tng
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+M
Xut hin hp thoi Insert Matrix (hnh3.1).
Figure 5.1
Hnh 3.1. Hp thoi Insert Matrix

Trong khung Rows chn s dng tng ng.
Trong khung Columns chn s ct tng ng.
1 This

45
46
CHNG 5. VC T V MA TRN
Chn OK, xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** , nhp s cn thit
vo s c mt Vc t mong mun.
5.1.2 Tnh ton vi vct

1. Tch ca hai Vc t (Dot product)
[U+F076] Tnh v hng ca hai Vc t
[U+F09F] Kch vo biu tng
(hnh 3.4), xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT
SUPPORTED.***
[U+F09F] Nhp tn hai Vc t mun tnh.
V d:
[U+F076] Tnh c hng ca hai Vc t
(hnh 3.4), xut hin
V d:
b. Giao ca hai Vc t (Cross product)

SUPPORTED.***
V d:
c. Tng ca mt Vc t (vector sum)
SUPPORTED.*** .
[U+F09F] Nhp tn Vc t mun tnh.
V d:
5.1.3 Tnh kch c ca Vct

Hm length (v) : cho bit Vc t c bao nhiu phn t.
Hm last (v) : cho bit th t ca phn t cui cng.
V d:
5.1.4 To mt bng gi tr ca hm s
V d:
V d: To bng gi tr cc khong chia khng theo mt th t no.
47
Lu : Kt qu ln mn hnh ch th hin ti a 15 phn t. Trng hp ln hn 15 phn t khi kch
p vo bng gi tr, xut hin bng tr s s dng thanh trt s thy tt c cc kt qu.
5.2 TO MT MA TRN V TNH TON VI MA TRN

5.2.1 To mt Ma trn
[U+F09F] Thc hin ging nh cch to mt Vc t nu Ma trn c t hn 10 dng v 10 ct hoc thc hin
theo cch sau:
Lu : Mathcad s t gi tr 0 cho tt c cc phn t m bn khng nh ngha.
V d:
Tuy nhin cch trn khng tin, mt nhiu thi gian nhp s liu.
[U+F09F] Khi Ma trn c nhiu hn 100 phn t, thc hin theo cc cch sau:
Ni cc mng nh li vi nhau.
5.3
c t tp tin d liu.
Dng bin chy.
To bng d liu nhp.
V d: To mt Ma trn bng cch dng bin chy.
V d: To mt Ma trn vi cc gi tr ca hm s.
5.3.1 Hiu chnh Ma trn

5.3.1.1 Xo ct (hoc hng) ca Ma trn
xo mt ct (hoc hng) hay nhiu ct (hoc nhiu hng) ca Ma trn, thc hin nh sau:
Kch vo phn t ct (hoc hng) mun xo.
T hp thoi Insert Matrix (hnh 3.1) ch r s ct (hng) mun xo.
Kch nt Delete.
V d:
Cho Ma trn sau:
xo ct u tin ca Ma trn C: ti mc Rows chn gi tr 0, ti mc Columns chn gi tr 1
(hnh 3.2).
48
Figure 5.2
Hnh.3.2. Hp thoi Insert Matrix

xo dng th hai ca Ma trn C: ti mc Rows chn gi tr 2, ti mc Columns chn gi tr 0
(hnh 3.3).
Figure 5.3
Hnh 3.3
5.3.1.2 Thm ct (hoc hng) vo Ma trn
thm mt ct (hoc hng) hay nhiu ct (hoc hng) vo Ma trn, thc hin nh sau:
[U+F09F] Kch vo phn t trong ct (hoc hng), im chn s nm bn phi (i vi ct) v bn di
(i vi hng).
G s ct (hoc hng) mun chn vo.
Chn Insert.
49
5.3.2 Tnh ton vi Ma trn

T thanh Math, kch vo biu tng
(hnh 3.4).
s xut hin cc la chn tnh ton cho Ma trn v c Vc t
Figure 5.4
Hnh 3.4
a. Subscripts (ch s di)
[U+F09F] Xc nh tr s di ca Ma trn.
[U+F050] Cho Ma trn M.
[U+F050] Kch vo biu tng
xc nh cc ch s di.
***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT
SUPPORTED.***
[U+F09F] Thay i ch s di ca Ma trn.
1. Ma trn nghch o (Inverse)
Kch vo biu tng

, xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** .
Nhp tn Ma trn mun th hin.
c. Tnh nh thc ca Ma trn (Determinant)
Kch vo biu tng
, xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Nhp tn Ma trn mun tnh nh thc.
d. Trch mt ct t mt Ma trn (Matrix column)
Kch vo biu tng
, xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** .
Nhp tn Ma trn v ct mun trch ra.
. Ma trn chuyn v (Matrix transpose)
50
Kch vo biu tng
, xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
Nhp tn Ma trn mun tnh.
5.3.3 X L MNG
5.3.3.1 Ni cc mng
[U+F09F] Hm stack (A,B,C. . .) dng ni hai hay nhiu Ma trn vi nhau theo hng t trn xung
di.
[U+F09F] Hm augment (A,B,C. . .) dng ni hai hay nhiu Ma trn vi nhau theo hng t tri qua
phi.
V d:
5.4
5.5
5.5.1 Tch cc mng
Hm submatrix (M,ir,jr,ic,jc) dng tch nh cc mng.
Trong :
M l Ma trn.
ir l s dng bt u tch.
ij l s dng kt thc tch.
ic l s ct bt u tch.
jc l s ct kt thc tch.
V d:
5.5.2 Tnh kch c ca Ma trn

Hm rows (M) : cho bit Ma trn c bao nhiu hng.
Hm cols (M) : cho bit Ma trn c bao nhiu ct.
V d:
5.5.3 Cc hm tnh cc tr ca Ma trn

Hm max(A,B,C. . .) : cho bit phn t ln nht trong cc Ma trn.
Hm min(A,B,C. . .) : cho bit phn t nh nht trong cc Ma trn.
V d:
51
5.5.4 Hm dng to mt mng mi

Hm matrix (m,n,f)
Trong :
- m l s dng ca Ma trn.
- n l s ct ca Ma trn.
- f l hm s ca hai bin.
V d:
5.5.5 Mt s hm tm kim
Hm lookup(z,M,N)
Hm vlookup(z,M,c)
Hm hlookup(z,M,r)
Trong :
- z l gi tr ca phn t thuc ct (hoc hng) u tin.
- M, N l Ma trn.
- c, r l gi tr phn t c tr v t ct (hoc hng) tng ng.
V d:
5.5.6 HIN TH MA TRN V VC T

Kt qu khi x l s liu Ma trn thng c th hin theo hai dng sau:
- Nu mng c t hn 100 phn t, kt qu c hin th di dng Ma trn thng thng.
- Nu mng c nhiu hn 100 phn t, kt qu c hin th di dng bng c thanh trt, kch vo
thanh trt xem nhng phn t b che khut.
Tuy nhin nu mun th hin kt qu di dng bng trong trng hp c t hn 100 phn t, thc hin
nh sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh menu: chn Format/Result, xut hin hp thoi Result Format (hnh 3.5).
.
[U+F09F] Chn th
[U+F09F] Ti mc Matrix display style chn Table.
[U+F09F] Chn OK.
52
Figure 5.5
Hnh 3.5. Hp thoi Result Format

V d:
53
5.5.7 THAY I MC NH
Figure 5.6
Hnh 3.6. Math Options

Trong mt Vc t hay Ma trn, phn t u tin trong Mathcad c bt u bng phn t 0. phn
t u tin bt u l 1 thc hin theo cch sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c: chn Math/Options, xut hin hp thoi Math Options (hnh 3.6).
[U+F09F] Chn th Built-In Variables.
[U+F09F] Trong mc Text box Array Origin (ORIGIN) chn s 1.
[U+F09F] Chn OK.
BI TP CHNG 4
1. Cho ma trn A v B nh sau:
54
Figure 5.7
Tch t ma trn A ra ma trn C
C th ni kt hai ma trn A v B theo th t t trn xung di v t tri qua phi c hay khng?
Nu c th xut kt qu nu khng th gii thch?
2. Gii h phng trnh tuyn tnh a v dng Ma trn
a.
b.
Figure 5.8
Chng 6
Cc hm s trong Mathcad
6.1 CC HM S TRONG MATHCAD

Mathcad lp sn mt s hm dng trong tnh ton k thut thng dng v chuyn su. c c mt
hm s ta c th thc hin theo hai cch sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh menu: chn Insert/Function (hnh5. 1).
[U+F09F] T bn phm: g chnh xc tn hm.
Figure 6.1
Hnh 5.1. Hp thoi Insert Function

1 This

55
56
CHNG 6. CC HM S TRONG MATHCAD

Sau y s lit k mt s hm thng s dng trong tnh ton k thut:
6.1.1 Hm Bessel
Hm Bessel thay i
I0(x) I1(x) In(m,x)
K0(x) K1(x) Kn(m,x)
Hm Airy
Ai(x) Bi(x)
Hm Bessel Kelvin
Bei(n,x)ber(n,x)
Hm Spherical Bessel
is(n,x)ys(n,x)
- Trong x l tp hp s thc v khng c th nguyn.
6.1.2 Hm iu kin khng lin tc

[U+F09F] if(cond,x,y) : tr v x nu cond l TRUE, ngc li tr v y.
[U+F09F] [U+F064](m,n) - Kronecker delta : tr v 1 nu m=n, ngc li tr v 0.
[U+F09F] sign(x): tr v 0 nu x=0, tr v 1 nu x>0, tr v -1 vi nhng trng hp cn li. x l s
thc.
[U+F09F] [U+F065](i,j,k): hon tt hm s khng i xng Tensor.
[U+F09F] [U+F066](x) : hm s bc. Tr v 0 nu x<0, ngc li tr v 1.
6.1.3 Hm s v ng cong (Curve Fitting)

Hm tuyn tnh
[U+F09F] slope(vx,vy) v intercept(vx,vy): hai hm ny c s dng chung vi nhau, nhng hm ny tm
ng thng cho ng vi b s liu khai bo.
Hm a gic
[U+F09F] regress(vx,vy,k): tm a gic cho ng vi b s liu khai bo.
[U+F09F] loess(mxy,vz,span): tm b th t a gic th hai cho ng vi b s liu k cn.
Hm Multivariate polynomial
[U+F09F] regress(Mxy,vz,k) : tm b mt ca hnh a gic cho ng vi b s liu khai bo.
[U+F09F] loess (Mxy, vz, span): tm b th t a gic th hai cho ng vi b s liu k cn.
[U+F076] Hm Generalized
[U+F09F] linfit(vx,vy,F): tm h s to thnh s kt hp tuyn tnh ca cc hm cho ng vi cc im
d liu.
[U+F09F] genfit(vx,vy,F): tm cc thng s to thnh hm s ch nh cho ng vi cc im d liu.
57
6.1.4 Hm thng k v phn tch d liu

Cc hm phn tch d liu (Data analysis functions)
M t cc hm phn tch d liu nh mean, variance, standard deviation, kurtosis v correlation.
Cc hm phn phi (Distribution functions)
M t cc hm gamma, error v nhng hm khc c kh nng thc hin vic phn phi.
Cc s ngu nhin (Random numbers)
M t cc con s ngu nhin c kch hot v cch p dng chng kch hot cc con s ngu nhin
thc hin vic phn phi.
Hm lp ph (Histograms):
M t cch nhn s phn b tn s ca d liu mu.
Phn tch tng hp (Combinatorcal analysis)
Tnh cc s hon v v tp hp
Hm s tnh giao im (Interpolation and prediction)
M t giao im ca ng tuyn tnh v khi.
Smoothing
M t mt s phng php lm phng d liu tp m.
Curve fitting
M t k thut trong php tnh hi quy, c tuyn tnh ln khng tuyn tnh.
6.1.5 Gii phng trnh vi phn

Gii cc phng trnh vi phn
rkfixed(y x1,x2,npoints,D)
Cc h thng phng
Bulstoer(y,x1,x2,npoints,D)
Cc h thng Stiff
stiffb(y,x1,x2,npoints,D,J)
stiffr(y,x1,x2,npoints,D,J)
Cc h thng thay i chm
Rkadapt (y,x1,x2,npoints,D)
Tm im cui cng trong vng nh im (interval)
58
[U+F09F] bulstoer(y,x1,x2,acc,D,kmax,s)
[U+F09F] rkadapt(y,x1,x2,acc,D,kmax,s)
[U+F09F] stiffb(y,x1,x2,acc,D,J,kmax,s)
[U+F09F] stiffr(y,x1,x2,acc,D,J,kmax,s)
Gii quyt gi tr ti hai im
[U+F09F] bvalfit(v1,v2,x1,x2 xf,D,load1,load2,score)
[U+F09F] sbval(v,v1,v2,x2,D,load,score)
Gii quyt thnh phn trong phng trnh vi phn
[U+F09F] relax(a,b,c,d,e,f,u,rjac)
[U+F09F] multigrid(M,ncycle)
6.1.6 Hm tm p n phng trnh

[U+F09F] find(x,y): tm n s ca phng trnh.
[U+F09F] minerr(x,y,...): tm p n tng ng ca h phng trnh.
[U+F09F] root(f(x),x): tm n s ca hm lng gic.
[U+F09F] lsolve(M,v): gii h phng trnh.
[U+F09F] polyroots(v): tm cc cn s ca t s c h nm trong v.
6.1.7 Hm chuyn i ring bit

[U+F09F] fft(v): tm chuyn i Fourier ca s liu gn trong Vc t v.
[U+F09F] ifft(u): hm nghch o ca fft. Tr v v nu u=fft(v).
[U+F09F] cfft(A): hm chuyn i Fourier ca s thc hoc phc trong mng A.
[U+F09F] icfft(B): hm nghch o ca ca cfft. Tr v A nu B=cfft(A)
[U+F09F] FFT(v): nhn dng fft ngoi tr nhng ton t v h s bnh thng khc.
[U+F09F] CFFT(A): nhn dng ifft ngoi tr nhng ton t v h s bnh thng khc.
[U+F09F] IFFT(u): nhn dng ifft ngoi tr nhng ton t v h s bnh thng khc.
[U+F09F] ICFFT(B) : nhn dng iccft ngoi tr nhng ton t v h s bnh thng khc.
[U+F09F] wave(v): chuyn i ring sng hiu ca s liu thc trong Vc t v.
[U+F09F] iwave (u): hm nghch o ca wave. Tr v v nu u=wave(v).
6.1.8 Hm bo li
[U+F09F] erf(x)
6.1.9 Hm s m v Logarith
[U+F09F] exp(z): s e tng theo bi s z.
[U+F09F] log(z,b): tnh gi tr logarit c s b ca z. Nu b qua khng khai bo b, s xem nh tnh
logarit c s 10 ca z (mc nh b=10).
[U+F09F] ln(z): s log t nhin (log c s e) ca z.
Khai bo:
- z phi l mt tp hp (s thc, s phc hoc s o).
- z phi khng c nh hng.
- i vi cc hm log v ln, z khng th mang s zero.
- b l thnh phn ty chn, mang s dng. Nu c gp chung, b l mt tp hp. Nu b qua b c
xem nh 10.
- i vi s phc z, cc hm log tr v nhng gi tr t v chnh ca nhng hm ny, ngc li:
ln(z)=ln(|z|) + i arg(z)
59
6.1.10 Khai bo loi hm s (EXPRESSION TYPE)

[U+F09F] IsScalar(x): tr v 1 nu x l mt tp hp, ngc li s tr v 0.
[U+F09F] isArray(x): tr v 1 nu x l Vc t hoc ma trn, ngc li tr v 0.
[U+F09F] sstring(x): tr v 1 nu x l chui, ngc li tr v 0.
6.1.11 Hm truy cp (FILE ACCESS FUNCTIONS)

[U+F09F] READPRN("File"): c mng s liu t tp tin d liu.
[U+F09F] WRITEPRN("file"): ghi mng s liu t tp tin d liu.
[U+F09F] APPENDPRN("file"): ni mng s liu t tp tin d liu.
[U+F09F] READRGB("file"): c tp tin nh mu.
[U+F09F] READBMP("file"): c tp tin hnh nh theo ch thanh xm.
[U+F09F] WRITERGB("file"): to tp tin nh mu.
[U+F09F] WRITEBMP("file"): to tp tin nh mu theo ch thang xm.
6.1.12 Hm s ti u (FUNCTION OPTIMIZATION)

[U+F09F] minimize (f,var 1,var2,...): tm gi tr ti thiu.
[U+F09F] maximize (f,var1,var2,...): tm gi tr ti a.
6.1.13 Cc hm Hyperbol (HYPERBOL FUNTIONS)

sinh(z) cosh (z)
tanh (z) csch (z)
seach (z) coth (z)
Khai bo:
- z phi mang gi tr radians.
- z phi l mt tp hp.
- z khng c nh hng.
6.1.14 Hm nghch o Hyperbol (INVERSE HYPERBOLIC FUNTIONS)

asinh (z)acoth (z)
acish (z)acsch (z)
atanh (z)asech (z)
Khai bo:
- z phi l tp hp.
- z khng nh hng.
6.1.15 Hm lng gic o (INVERSE TRIG FUNTIONS)

asin (z)acsc(z)
acosh (z)asec (z)
atan (x,y)
Khai bo:
- z phi l tp hp.
- z khng nh hng.
- x v y l nhng tp hp.
Nhng gi tr c tr v:
- asin(z), acsc(z), acosh(z), asec(z), atan(z): tr v gc theo radian gia /2v /2 khi z l s thc.
- atan2(x,y): tr v gc ( theo radian gia /2v /2 bao gm ) t trc x n ng thng
cha im gc (0,0) v ta (x,y).
60

- acos(z): tr v cc gc theo radian gia 0 v khi z l s thc.
6.1.16 Cc hm tip tuyn (INTERPOLATION FUNTIONS)

[U+F09F] Linterp(vx,vy,x): gi tr giao im ti x khi cc im trong vx, vy c ni vi nhau bng nhng
ng thng.
[U+F09F] Ispline(vx,vy): giao im ca cc im u cui ca nhng ng thng to thnh khi. Tr
v Vc t vs dng vi hm interp.
[U+F09F] pspline(vx,vy): giao im ca cc im u v cui ca nhng ng parabol to thnh khi.tr
v vc t vs dng vi hm interp.
[U+F09F] cspline(vx,vy): cc ng giao tuyn nhau trong khi. Tr v Vc t vs dng vi hm interp.
[U+F09F] bspline (vx,vy,u,n): s giao tip ca cc ng B-spline to gc n a ra cc im c ch
nh bng nhng gi tr trong u. Tr v Vc t vs dng vi hm interp.
[U+F09F] interp(vs,vx,vy,x): tr v gi tr giao im ca qua cch dng nhng ng giao tip.vs l Vc
t c tr v t cc hm Ispline, pspline, cspline hoc bspline.
[U+F09F] predict (v, m, n): tr v nhng gi tr n c xc nh trc da theo cc thnh phn nm
trong v.
6.1.17 Cc hm ph (MISCELLANEOUS FUNTIONS)

[U+F09F] mod(x,y): tr li s d ca x chia y.
[U+F09F] angle(x,y): gc t trc x n ta (x,y).
6.1.18 Hm v ph (HISTOGRAMS)
[U+F09F] hist (intervals,data): tr v ph ca d liu.
[U+F050] Nu intervals l Vc t, tr v Vc t vi thnh phn ith l s im trong d liu data nm
gia ith v (i+1)th ca intervals.
[U+F050] Nu intervals l mt tp hp (scalar), tr v vc t minh ha s im trong data nm trong
dy s ca khong cch u nhau c th hin bi intervals.
Khai bo:
- intervals l mt tp hp hoc mt vc t. Khi l tp hp, chng c trng bng nhng con s vi
khong cch u nhau vi nhng gi tr c cha trong data.
- Khi intervals l vc t ca nhng gi tr thc theo th t tng dn, cc gi tr th hin nhng khong
cch theo cc thnh phn c cha trong data.
- Data l Vc t ca gi tr s liu thc.
6.1.19 Hm lm trn s (Rounding a number)

[U+F09F] round(x,n): lm trn gi tr x theo s thp phn n. Nu b qua n, gi tr x s c lm trn theo
s nguyn gn nht (n c xem nh bng 0). Nu n<0 th x c lm trn theo s thp phn n nm bn
tri du thp phn. Lu rng x phi l tp hp s thc v n phi l s nguyn.
V d:
6.1.20 Hm rt gn chui s (Truncation Functions)

[U+F09F] floor(x): tr v s nguyn ln nht.
[U+F09F] ceil(x): tr v s nguyn nh nht.
[U+F09F] trunc(x): tr v s nguyn ca x bng cch loi b phn phn s.
Khai bo:
- x l s thc.
61
Lu : khi x dng hm floor v trunc tr v cng kt qu.
V d:
6.1.21 Cc hm chui (String Functions)

[U+F09F] concat(S1,S2): ni chui S2 vo cui chui S1. Tr v chui.
[U+F09F] error(S): tr v chui S v hin thng tin li.
[U+F09F] IsString(x): tr v 1 nu x l chui, ngc li tr v 0.
[U+F09F] Strlen(S): xc nh k t trong chui S. Tr v s nguyn.
[U+F09F] Search(S,Sub,S,x): tm v tr bt u ca chui ph SubS trong S, bt u t v tr x trong S.
[U+F09F] Str2num(S): i chui s S thnh hng s.
[U+F09F] Num2str(x): i s x thnh chui.
[U+F09F] Str2vec(S): i chui S thnh Vc t ca m ASCII.
[U+F09F] Vec2tr(v): i cc Vc t ca m ASCII sang dng chui.
6.1.22 Cc hm ni suy (Cubic Spline Interpolation)

[U+F09F] cspline(vx,vy): tr v Vc t ngun th hai i vi d liu ca Vc t vx v vy.Vc t ny s tr
thnh i lng th nht ca hm interp. Kt qu s l khi ti cc im u cui.
[U+F09F] pline(vx,vy): tng t nh hm cspline, ngoi tr kt qu c dng parabol ngay cc im u
cui.
[U+F09F] lspline(vx,vy): tng t nh cspline, ngoi tr kt qu l ng tuyn tnh ngay cc im u
cui.
[U+F09F] interp(vs,vx,vy,x): tr v gi tr giao im ca vy ti im x.
Khai bo:
- vx l Vc t ca nhng gi tr d liu thc theo th t tng dn. Chng tng ng vi gi tr x.
- vy l Vc t ca nhng gi tr d liu thc. Chng tng ng vi gi tr y. S thnh phn tng t nh
vx.
- v l Vc t c kch hot bi cspline, pspline, lspline.
- x l gi tr ca bin c lp m ngay s a ra kt qu giao thoa. i vi nhng kt qu tt nht,
nhng gi tr bin ny nn nm trong phm vi c a r t nhng gi tr vx.
- hm cubic spline interpolation cho php bn chuyn ng cong qua cc im theo cch ngun th
nht v th hai ca ng cong c ko tip tc qua cc im k tip. ng cong ny c tp hp bng
cch ly ba im k nhau v to thnh khi chy qua cc im . Khi a gic ny sau c ni li vi
nhau to thnh ng cong hon chnh.
6.1.23 cc hm hi quy
[U+F09F] slope(vx,vy): xin ca ng thng khp vi d liu trong vx, vy.
[U+F09F] intercep(vx,vy): ng giao tip va ng vi s liu trong vx, vy.
Khai bo:
- vx l Vc t ca nhng s liu thc i vi hm slope. Cc gi tr trong vx tng ng vi cc gi tr x.
- vy l Vc t ca cc s liu thc. Nhng gi tr ny tng ng vi cc gi tr y. S thnh phn ca vy
cng tng t nh vx.
[U+F05B] Hm slope v intercep rt hu ch khi d liu k tha s tuyn tnh m cng c th p dng
cho cc hm s m.
[U+F05B] Cng thc ca ng thng va khp vi s liu ca vx v vy l y=mx+b l kt qu t hm
slope v b l kt qu t hm intercept.
(xem v d hnh 5.2)
V d:
62
Figure 6.2
Hnh 5.2. Minh ho dng hm spline v hm intercept
6.1.24 Hm tuyn tnh kt hp (LINEAR COMBINATION OF FUNCTION)

[U+F09F] linfit(vx,vy,F): tr v Vc t cha cc h s c dng to s kt hp ca cc hm tuyn tnh
trong F vi d liu c nh trong vx v vy (hnh 5.3).
Khai bo:
- vx l Vc t ca cc gi tr d liu. Nhng gi tr ny tng ng vi gi tr x. cc thnh phn phi
c xp theo th t tng dn (c th dng hm sort).
- vy l Vc t ca cc gi tr d liu. Nhng gi tr ny tng ng vi gi tr y. S thnh phn tng t
nh vx.
- F l hm s tr v Vc t vi nhng thnh phn l hm s hnh thnh cc hm tuyn tnh, hoc trong
trng hp l hm tuyn tnh n. F l mt tp hp.
V d:
63
Figure 6.3
Hnh 5.3. Minh ho dng hm linfit

[U+F09F] Genfit(vx,vy,vg,F): Vc t ang cha cc tham s to nn hm f(x) v cc tham s n, u1. . .un
ca cc d liu trong vx v vy (hnh 5.4).
Khai bo:
- vx l Vc t ca cc gi tr d liu. Nhng gi tr ny tng ng vi gi tr x.
- vy l Vc t ca cc gi tr d liu thc v tng ng vi gi tr y. S thnh phn tng t nh vx.
- vg l thnh phn Vc t n d on, hoc vg l mt tp hp trong trng hp n=1.
- F l hm s tr v Vc t n+1 ang cha hm f v nhng thnh phn ngun ca chng tng ng vi
cc tham s n. Khi n=1, F l tp hp.
- n l s nguyn.
V d:
64
Figure 6.4
Hnh 5.4. Minh ho dng hm genfit
6.1.25 Hm tuyn tnh nh trc (LINEAR PREDICTION)

[U+F09F] predict(v,m,n): tr v Vc t vi nhng gi tr n c nh trc da theo cc thnh phn m
k nhau trong v (hnh 5.5).
Khai bo:
- v l Vc t vi cc gi tr mu c ly t nhng khong cch u nhau.
- m, n l cc s nguyn.
V d:
65
Figure 6.5
Hnh 5.5. Minh ho dng hm predict
6.1.26 THAY I CC THAM S CHNG TRNH

Khi thao tc vi cc i tng ca chng trnh, c th thc hin theo ring ca mnh bng cch chp
nhn hoc thay i cc tham s ca chng trnh cho phu hp. thay i cc tham s ca chng trnh,
thc hin nh sau:
Trn thanh menu: chn Math/Options, xut hin hp thoi Math Options (hnh 5.6).
66
Figure 6.6
Hnh 5.6. Hp thoi Math Options/Built-In Variables

[U+F05B] Chn th
(hnh 5.6): c th t cc gi tr tham bin mc nh ca chng
trnh theo hng dn sau y:
[U+F09F] Array Origin: kim sot cc tham s ORIGIN lp sn c trng cho vic lp ch s cho cc
phn t ca mng trong cng thc. Gi tr mc nh l khng 0.
[U+F09F] Convergence Tolerance: kim sot cc tham s TOL vi mc sai s ca cc s nguyn v
cc s dn xut t chng. Tham s ny cn kim sot di ca cc s nguyn trong cc php tnh cn.
Gi tr mc nh l 0.001.
[U+F09F] Constraint Toleranc: kim sot cc tham s CTOL vi mc sai s ca cc iu kin rng
buc khi gii bi ton bng ton t Slove. Gi tr mc nh l 0.001.
[U+F09F] Seed value for random numbers: thng bo cho hm to s ngu nhin bit s dng th mt
chui ngu nhin no . Gi tr mc nh l 1.
[U+F09F] Precision: kim sot cc tham s PRNPRECISION cho sn c trng cho cc con s p
dng khi vit tp tin m ASCII vi hm WRITERPRN hoc APPENDPRN. Gi tr mc nh l 4.
[U+F09F] Column Width: kim sot cc tham s PRNCOLWIDTH lp sn c trng cho rng cc
ct trong tp tin m ASCII c lp bmg cc hm WRITERPRN hoc hm APPENDPRN. Gi tr mc
nh l 8.
[U+F09F] Restore Defaults: tr v tt c gi tr mc nh ca chng trnh.
: t cc lnh lin quan n cch thc tnh ton cc gi tr trong cng
[U+F05B] Chn th
thc, biu thc, hm ca chng trnh (hnh 5.7).
[U+F052] Recalculate Automatically: Mathcad t ng tnh ton li tt c cc kt qu v hnh nh
67
th hin din trn mn hnh mi khi bn thay i gi tr no n ca bin s.
[U+F052] Optimize expressions befor calculating: Mathcad t ng ti u ho nh l n s lm n gin
). Khi gi tr qu di Mathcad s nh du vo
ho biu thc bt k nm bn tri hay phi du gn (
vng s liu bng du hoa th ri thay vo s tnh theo dng n gin hn. Khi mun quan st dng n
gin, kch vo du hoa th.
Figure 6.7
Hnh 5.7. Hp thoi Math Options/Calculation

[U+F05B] Chn th
: chn n v tnh ton trong Mathcad (hnh 5.8).
68
Figure 6.8
Hnh 5.8. Hp thoi Math Options/Unit System

[U+F052] SI (International): s dng theo n v o lng quc t, h SI: meters, kilograms, second,
amps. . .
[U+F052] MKS: s dng n v o l meters, kilograms, seconds. . .
[U+F052] CGS: s dng n v o lcentimeters, grams, seconds. . .
[U+F052] US: s dng theo n v o lng ca M-Anh l feet, pounds, seconds. . .
[U+F052] None: loi b tt c n v o lng theo mc nh.
[U+F05B] Chn th
: cha cc tn hng mc nh ngi s dng tu chn (hnh 5.9).
69
Figure 6.9
Hnh 5.9. Hp thoi Math Options/Dimensions

[U+F052] Display dimensions: kch chn th hin cc kt qu qua cch dng cc tn hng s c
cp n trong phn Dimension Names thay v l mc nh.
[U+F052] Dimension Names : khai bo cc tn hng vo cc khung n v c lin quan th hin
trong bng kt qu.
BI TP CHNG 5
1. Gii cc h phng trnh sau:
a.
Figure 6.10
b.
70
Figure 6.11
c.
Figure 6.12
d.
Figure 6.13
2. S dng hm if, linterp v input table tnh btk nh sau:

Cho Q=95 (m3 /s) ; i=0.0001 ; n=0.0225 , m=1.5 (hoc m=1.5) ; h=3(m)
3
+ Xc nh Rln = [U+E09E] 4mnQi [U+E09F] 8 vi m0 = 2 1 + m2 m

0
Lp t s
h
Rln
tm
b
Rln
c tra trong bng sau:
71
h
Rln
b
Rln
0.8350.8580.8810.903
m=1.25
m=1.5
10.59110.0929.6439.237
11.30010.75910.2719.829
Table 6.1
Tnh btk =
b
Rln Rln
1. Vit hm ni suy tm cng chu ko Ra ca thp cho trong bng sau:

Loi ct thp
Ra (kG/cm2)
AI
2100
AII
2700
AIII
3600
Table 6.2
Ti gi tr gn loi ct thp, dng Hyperlink (dng Pop-up) gii thch cho ngi s dng hiu l ch
c th chn ct thp vi nhng loi trn.
72
Chng 7
V th
7.1 V TH X-Y
[U+F076] to vng v (hnh 6.1) c th thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c: chn Insert/Graph/X-Y Plot
[U+F09F] T thanh Math: nhp vo biu tng
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn @
Figure 7.1
Hnh.6.1 Vng th hin th

Trong khung trng nm di trc honh (trc x) nhp gi tr th mun da theo. Gi tr ny l
thang o xc nh trc . Nu khng xc nh trc, Mathcad t ng xc nh thang o t -10
n 10.
1 This

73
74
CHNG 7. V TH
Trong khung trng nm bn cnh trc tung (trc y), nhp biu thc mun v.
Lu :
- C th v th theo phng trnh bt k da theo phng trnh khc, chng c th dng chung
gi tr c lp. Ngoi ra cn th hin c nhiu ng biu din trn cng mt th.
- Nu im v l gi tr phc hoc o, Mathcad s khng v ln nhng im ny. Khi dng hm Re
v IN ko phn phc hoc o ra ngoi.
V d:
7.2 HIU CHNH TH

hiu chnh th c th thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c:chn Format/Graph/X-Y Plot
[U+F09F] Nhp p vo th mun hiu chnh.
Xut hin hp thoi Formating currently selected X-Y Plot (hnh 6.2).
Figure 7.2
Hnh 6.2. Formating currently selected X-Y Plot

Trong khung thoi X-Y Axes
[U+F052] Log Scale: trc c chn s c gi tr Logarith. Do gi tr trong thang o phi l s dng
(hnh 6.3).
75
Figure 7.3
Hnh.6.3
[U+F052] Grid lines: cc ng phn trn thang o ca trc chn s c thay bng khung ca r mu
xanh l cy (hnh 6.4).
Figure 7.4
Hnh 6.4
[U+F052] Numbered: cc ng phn trn thang o ca trc chn s c nh s (hnh 6.5).
[U+F0A3] Numbered: cc ng phn trn thang o ca trc chn s khng th hin s (hnh 6.5).
76
CHNG 7. V TH
Figure 7.5
Hnh 6.5
[U+F052] Auto Scale: Mathcad s t ng chia thang o da vo s liu im u v im cui, bn
cnh o th hin lun tr s im u v im cui bn tri thang chia (hnh 6.6).
[U+F0A3] Auto Scale: Mathcad s ly gi tr im u v cui lm cn di v trn ca thang o v d
nhin cc im trn thang o c th l s khng chn (hnh 6.6).
7.3
7.4
[U+F0A3] Auto Scale [U+F052] Auto Scale
Hnh 6.6
[U+F052] Show markers: thm mt hoc hai ng trc honh hoc trc tung trong th. Khi chn,
xut hin hai khung trng b sung theo trc. Gi s mun thm trc tung kch vo mt trong hai khung
trng nm di trc x v nhp gi tr mun bt u v ng biu din (hnh 6.7).
77
Figure 7.6
[U+F0A3] Show markers [U+F052] Show markers

Hnh 6.7
[U+F052] Auto Grids: s ng phn thang o s c chn t ng.
[U+F0A3] Auto Grids: nhp s phn thang o vo khung gi tr Number of Girds. S nhp phi l s
nguyn t 2 n 99.
Axes Style Boxed, Crossed, None: kim sot xem cc trc c giao thoa vi tm th, cnh y tri
ca th hay chng xut hin tt c hay khng (hnh 6.8).
Figure 7.7
Hnh 6.8
[U+F052] qual scales: cc thang o c phn bng nhau (Hnh 6.9).
78
CHNG 7. V TH
Figure 7.8
Hnh 6.9
Trong khung thoi Traces
Figure 7.9
Hnh 6.10. Hp thoi Formatting Currently Selected X-Y Plot/Traces

79
[U+F052] Legend Label: t tn cho ng biu din s hin theo phn ch gii (hnh 6.11).
[U+F052] Symbol: th hin nhng im bng nhng biu tng nh hnh vung (box), ch thp (+s),
du nhn (xs). . .khi khng chn, mc nh ca n s l none.
Figure 7.10
[U+F0A3] Hide legend [U+F052] Hide legend

Hnh 6.11
[U+F052] Line: chn la ng biu din phn bit vi nhng ng biu din khc cng nm trong
mt th.
Line
Figure 7.11
[U+F052] Color: chn la mu sc cho ng biu din phn bit vi nhng ng biu din khc
cng nm trong mt th.
Color
80
CHNG 7. V TH
Figure 7.12
[U+F052] Type: chn loi ng biu din phn bit vi nhng ng biu din khc cng nm trong
mt th.
Type
Figure 7.13
[U+F052] Weight: chn la dy mng ca ng biu din.

[U+F052] Hide Arguments: du hm s v i s gia mi trc. Khi kch vo th n s hin ra.
Trong khung thoi Labels (hnh 6.12)
[U+F09F] Title: t tn cho hnh biu din trn th, khi phi chn
th t tn trn (
) hoc di th (
[U+F09F] Axis labels: gn ch thch trn mi trc.
Gn ch gii trn trc honh (trc x)
).
th hin. Bn c
81
Figure 7.14
Gn ch gii trn trc tung (trc y)
Figure 7.15
Figure 7.16
Hnh 6.12. Hp thoi Formatting Currently Selected X-Y Plot/Labels

82
CHNG 7. V TH
7.4.1 V NHIU NG BIU DIN TRONG CNG MT TH

v nhiu ng biu din ch cn nh du phy , gia cc phng trnh trn tng trc.
7.4.2 QUAN ST CC IM TRN NG BIU DIN

quan st to trn ng biu din thc hin nh sau:
Chn ng biu din cn quan st.
Trn thanh cng c : chn Format/Graph/Trace, hin hp thoi Trace.
[U+F09F] R chut vo ng biu din s xut hin to mun quan st.
7.4.3 V TH 3D
7.4.3.1 V th Contour (hnh 6.12)
[U+F076] Xc nh Ma trn v, Ma trn phi c t nht hai dng v hai ct.
[U+F076] To vng v thc hin theo cc cch sau:
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c: chn Insert/Graph/Contour Plot
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+5
[U+F076] t tn Ma trn trong khung trng.
V d:
Hnh 6.13
7.4.3.2 V th Surface (hnh 6.13)
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c: chn Insert/Graph/Surface Plot
[U+F09F] T bn phm: nhn t hp Ctrl+2
t tn Ma trn trong khung trng.
83
Figure 7.17
Hnh 6.13
7.4.3.3 V th hnh thanh (hnh 6.14)
[U+F09F] T thanh cng c: chn Insert/Graph/3D Bar Plot
[U+F076] t tn Ma trn trong khung trng.
V d:
Hnh.6.14
BI TP CHNG 6
1. To mt ma trn bng cc gi tr ca hm s: f(x,y) = x2 + y2
[U+F09F] Gn Mi,j = f(i,j) vi i, j chy t 1 n 5.
[U+F09F] V b mt ca Ma trn M (Surface Plot).
2. Cho mt dm n ngm 2 u chu ti trng phn b u c s liu nh sau:q = 0.5
T
m,
L = 5m
Tnh v v biu momen theo cng thc sau:

2
6x
6x 2
M = qL
+
vi x chy t 0 n L
12
L
L2
3. Cho s liu mc nc 1 ngy (Thng 10) ti trm Cn Th nm 1984. V biu triu tng ng vi
bng di y:
84
CHNG 7. V TH
Chng 8
Lp trnh
8.1 Cu iu kin if
Thc hin theo cc bc sau:
[U+F076] Kch ngay bn phi khung nhp biu thc ni mun chn cu lnh if
, xut hin hp thoi Programming (hn.h7. 1)
[U+F076] T thanh Math : Kch vo biu tng
Figure 8.1
Hnh 7.1. Programming

[U+F076] Kch vo nt Add Line, xut hin ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.***
[U+F076] Ti v tr khung trng trn kch vo nt if (hoc t bn phm nhn Shift+]), ngay bn phi
khung nhp biu thc, nhp biu thc Boolean.
[U+F076] Ti v tr khung trng di kch vo nt otherwise, g gi tr mun chng trnh tr v nu
kt qu iu kin l sai.
V d:
Lu : Nu s dng nhiu cu lnh if trc cu lnh otherwise th cu lnh otherwise ch c thc
hin khi tt c cc iu kin u sai.
1 This
85
86
CHNG 8. LP TRNH
LNH VNG LP (PROGRAM LOOPS)

8.2 CAU
Loop l lnh chng trnh c dng lm cho mt hay nhiu cu lnh (ni dung vng lp) iu hot theo
chu trnh cho n khi tho mn iu kin a ra. Trong Mathcad c hai loi cu lnh lp:
8.2.1 Cu lnh for

[U+F05B] Cu lnh for : c p dng khi bn bit chnh xc s ln vng lp c thc thi.
thc hin vng lp for tin hnh theo cc bc sau:
[U+F09F] Kch ngay bn phi khung nhp biu thc ni mun chn cu lnh for
Figure 8.2
[U+F09F] Kch vo nt for trn thanh Math (hoc t bn phm nhn Ctrl+)
Figure 8.3
[U+F09F] Bn tri
g bin thay i, bn phi
nhp dy s chy
Figure 8.4
87
[U+F09F] Nhp biu thc vo khung trng bn di
Figure 8.5
V d 1: Tnh tng ca n s nguyn dng u tin

V d 2: Tnh giai tha ca mt s
8.2.2 Cu lnh while

[U+F05B] Cu lnh while : c dng khi bn mun vng lp dng li theo iu kin hin hnh nhng li
khng bit chnh xc khi no iu kin xy ra.
Khi dng cc cu lnh lp, bn cn phi ct chng ra thnh tng quy trnh hoc kim sot tnh hot
ng ca cu lnh.
V d:
8.3 Cu lnh ngt break

[U+F05B] Cu lnh break : trong vng lp loop khi mun dng quy trnh iu hot cu lnh lp.
Kch vo khung nhp chng trnh trong mun t cu lnh break
Figure 8.6
[U+F09F] Kch vo nt break trn thanh Math (hoc t bn phm nhn Ctrl+{)
88
CHNG 8. LP TRNH
Figure 8.7
Khi Mathcad bt gp cu lnh break trong phn thn ca vng lp for hoc while:
[U+F050] Chu trnh lp s ngng s iu hot v tr v gi tr c tnh sau cng.
[U+F050] Sau , chng trnh s tip tc iu hot ngay dng k tip ca chng trnh sau chu trnh.
V d:
8.4 Hin kt qu ca chng trnh return

[U+F05B] Cu lnh return : theo mc nh, chng trnh tr li nhng g nm trn dng cui cng. Tuy
nhin, c th tr li gi tr mt ni no trong chng trnh vi cu lnh return.
chn cu lnh return, thc hin nh sau:
[U+F09F] Kch vo khung nhp chng trnh trong mun t cu lnh return
Figure 8.8
[U+F09F] Kch vo nt return trn thanh Math (hoc t bn phm nhn Ctrl+|)
V d:
89
Figure 8.9
[U+F09F] Trong vng trng bn phi cu lnh return, nhp nhng g bn mun tr v. Cc cu lnh
return rt hu dng khi bn mun tr v gi tr t vng lp.
Figure 8.10
8.5 Tm li chng trnh

[U+F05B] Cu lnh on error : mun tr v gi tr cn gii quyt khi Mathcad bt gp li trong chng
trnh
chn cu lnh on error, thc hin nh sau:
[U+F09F] Kch vo khung nhp chng trnh trong mun t cu lnh on error
90
CHNG 8. LP TRNH
Figure 8.11
[U+F09F] Kch vo nt on error trn thanh Math (hoc t bn phm nhn Ctrl+)
Figure 8.12
[U+F09F] Trong vng trng bn phi cu lnh on error, nhp nhng g bn mun tr v.
Figure 8.13
[U+F09F] Trong vng trng bn tri cu lnh on error, nhp nhng g bn mun tr v nu biu thc
mc nh khng th tnh c. Dng nt lnh Add Line chn nhng khung nhp lnh b sung.
V d:
Figure 8.14
[U+F09F] Biu thc bn phi s c tnh v c tr v nu khng c li xy ra. V nu c li xy ra,

biu thc bn tri s c tr v.
BI TP CHNG 7
1.
Chng 9
Nhng kt d liu
9.1 I NT V THNH PHN

Nhng thnh phn (Components) cho php d liu lu ng gia bng tnh Mathcad v cc ngun d liu
hoc trnh ng dng khc. D liu a vo thnh phn t Mathcad c gi l nhp (input). D liu a ra
khi thnh phn c gi l xut (output). Thnh phn nhp v xut c chuyn gia bng tnh Mathcad
v thnh phn theo phng cch Mathcad nhp v xut cc tham s.
Nhng bc c bn p dng vo thnh phn hon chuyn d liu vi Mathcad nh sau:
[U+F09F] Chn thnh phn v ch nh cc tham s nhp v xut vo khung nhp d liu trng.
[U+F09F] Cu hnh thnh phn chng bit nhng g phi thc hin vi i tng nhp v nhng g
phi thc hin vi i tng xut.
[U+F09F] Do c mt s thnh phn ch nhn ring i tng nhp hoc xut, nhng bc ny hi khc
mt cht i vi cc thnh phn.
Sau khi chn thnh phn vo bng tnh Mathcad, in vo cc khung nhp s liu trng v cu hnh
cc thuc tnh, kch chut vo v tr bt k trong vng i tng. Ngay im ny, d liu hon chuyn s
thay th. Nhng thnh phn sau y c dng trong Mathcad:
[U+F09F] Axum
[U+F09F] File Read/Write, dng c v ghi cc tp tin d liu
[U+F09F] Exel
[U+F09F] MATLAB
[U+F09F] Scriptable Object
9.2 C D LIU
Bn c th a d liu vo Mathcad bng cch du nhp chng t tp tin, c t tp tin hoc dn t
Clipboard. Nhng phng php ny lun lun to cc mng d liu. Bn cng c th nhp d liu vo bng
s liu nhp (input table) hoc mng.
9.2.1 C D LIU T TP TIN D LIU

Khi mun c d liu t tp tin d liu trong Mathcad, c th dng thnh phn File Read/Write. Thnh
phn File Read/Write cho php thc hin vic ni vi tp tin d liu, c d liu v gn d liu vo tham
s ca Mathcad. D liu s t ng cp nht trong Mathcad khi chng c thay i trong tp tin d liu.
Mun c d liu t tp tin d liu qua cch dng thnh phn File Read/Write
[U+F076] Kch vo vng trng trong bng tnh.
1 This

91
92
CHNG 9. NHNG KT D LIU
[U+F076] T thanh menu: nhn Insert/Component (hoc t thanh cng c : nhp vo biu tng
), xut hin hp thoi Component Wizard (hnh 8.1).
[U+F076] T hp thoi Component Wizard chn File Read or Write v chn
hp thoi File Read or Write Wizard (hnh 8.2).
Figure 9.1
Hnh 8.1. Hp thoi ComponentWizard
, xut hin
93
Figure 9.2
Hnh 8.2.File Read or Write Wizard

[U+F076] Chn Read from a file v kch vo nt
, xut hin hp thoi Wizard (hnh 3).
94
Figure 9.3
Hnh 8.3.Wizard
T danh sch
(hnh 8.3) chn loi tp tin mun c v
nhp ng dn tp tin mun c
hoc kch vo nt
tm v tr tp tin mun c.
[U+F076] Kch vo nt
trong tp tin d liu (hnh 8.4).
xut hin biu tng thnh phn File Read or Write v c dn
Figure 9.4
95
Hnh 8.4
[U+F076] Trong khung nhp d liu trng nm bn tri, nhp tn bin ca Mathcad mun gn vo s
liu mi thu nhp.
[U+F076] Kch chut vo vng trng nm ngoi thnh phn trn, tp tin d liu tc khc c c v
d liu s c gn vo tham s Mathcad. Ngay lc ny c th x l cc tham s theo mun. Mi ln
x l bng tnh, Mathcad s c li d liu t tp tin chn bng kch vo khung nhp d liu (hnh 8.4)
v nhn Math/Calculate (hoc nhn F9).
V d:
c s liu t bng Excel (hnh 8.5) vo Mathcad.
Figure 9.5
Hnh 8.5
Kt qu:
Figure 9.6
9.2.2 DN D LIU T CLIPBOARD

Trong mt vi trng hp, mun d liu c cha trong bng tnh hoc trong cc trnh ng dng khc,
nhng khng mun du nhp hoc c d liu nh tp tin trong Mathcad. Mun thc hin theo cch ny
thc hin nh sau:
96
[U+F076] Chn d liu trong trnh ng dng khc v dng lnh Copy chp d liu ca chng trnh
ngun .
[U+F076] M chng trnh Mathcad, nhp phn xc nh bin nh ***SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE
IS NOT SUPPORTED.*** .
[U+F076] Kch vo vng trng nm bn phi du gn v chn Paste dn d liu vo Mathcad.
V d:
Lu : Nu thc hin theo cch ny, khi thay i s liu ngun th s liu trong bng tnh trong Mathcad
khng thay i c.
9.2.3 NHP BNG S LIU (TABLE OF NUMBERS)

[U+F076] Kch chut vo ni mun th hin bng tnh.
[U+F076] T thanh menu: Chn Insert/Component (hoc trn thanh cng c : nhp vo
hin hp thoi Component Wizard (hnh 8.1).
[U+F076] Chn Input Table v kch nt
, xut
, xut hin hp thoi Wizard (hnh 8.6).
Figure 9.7
Hnh 8.6. Wizard

[U+F076] Trong khung trng xut hin ni bn tri (hnh 8.7), nhp tn bin ca Mathcad mun gn
d liu.
97
Figure 9.8
Hnh 8.7
Nhp s liu vo cc .
Sau khi to mng s liu qua cch dng bng nhp, bn c th x l mng theo cc hm v php tnh
lp sn trong Mathcad.
Lu :
[U+F09F] Bn ch c th nhp cc con s vo bng, khng th nhp cc phng trnh ton hc.
[U+F09F] Trong mi dng phi nhp nhng gi tr d liu. Nu trng Mathcad t ng chn gi tr
khng 0 vo .
[U+F09F] Thay v nh d liu vo ca bng. Bn cng c th dn d liu vo bng nhp nu bn
chp d liu t trnh ng dng khc bng cch s dng lnh Paste Table.
V d:
9.2.4 CC HM LNH DU NHP TP TIN D LIU

READPRN(file): c d liu t tp tin d liu.
Khai bo:
[U+F09F] file tn tp tin hoc y ng dn c cu trc theo tp tin d liu ASCII.
[U+F09F] file c nhp theo dng chui.
WRITEPRN(file): Ghi mng d liu vo tp tin.
Khai bo:
[U+F09F] file c nhp theo dng chui.
APPENDPRN(file): Ni cc mng vo tp tin.
Khai bo:
[U+F09F] file nhp theo dng chui.
[U+F09F] S ct trong file phi khp vi s ct trong mng.
[U+F09F] file phi c sn trong th mc. Khng nh WRITEPRN, APPENDPRN khng th to tp tin
m ch ni cc tp tin c.
Lu :
WRITEPRN b tr tp tin ASCII theo dng v ct ging nh Ma trn gc. Theo mc nh, APPENDPRN
s ni bn c s trong cc ct c chiu rng tm con s. thay i hin trng ny, t thanh Math chn
Options v kch vo nt
trong hp thoi Math Options (hnh 8.8) thay i thnh phn
PRNPRECISION v PRNCOLWIDTH.
98
Figure 9.9
Hnh 8.8. Hp thoi Math Options
9.3 XUT D LIU

Sau khi dng Mathcad thc hin cc php tnh, bn c th xut hoc ghi li cc kt qu thnh phn
tin d liu hoc a cc kt qu vo Clipboard dn vo chng trnh khc.
9.3.1 XUT D LIU SANG TP TIN

[U+F076] nh du bng (=) hin kt qu ca bin. Nu cc kt qu hin theo dng Ma trn, kch p
vo Ma trn v dng khung thoi Result Format v thay i cc thnh phn ca Table.
[U+F076] Kch nt phi chut vo bng d liu xut th hin menu x.
[U+F076] Chn Export hin khung thoi Write to File.
[U+F076] Chn th loi tp tin mun to trong File of type. Dng khung thoi hin phn trnh
duyt mun to tp tin d liu vo th mc chn v nhp tn tp tin mun to. sau , Open. D liu
s xut sang tp tin ch nh.
Lu :
Nu d liu thay i v mun cp nht d liu trong tp tin, cn phi xut li d liu.
99
9.3.2 GHI D LIU VO TP TIN D LIU

Mun ghi cc gi tr t Mathcad vo tp tin d liu, bn c th dng thnh phn File Read/Write. Thc
hin nh sau:
[U+F076] Kch vo im trng trong bng tnh.
[U+F076] T thanh menu: nhn Insert/Component (hoc nhn vo biu tng
[U+F076] Chn File Read or Write t danh sch v kch
khung ca s hng dn File Read or Write Setup Wizard.
. iu ny s chuyn bn sang
[U+F076] Chn Write to a data source v kch

chuyn n khung ca s hng dn
Wizard th hai.
[U+F076] T danh mc x File Format trong Wizard, chn loi tp tin d liu mun ghi.
[U+F076] Nhp tn ng dn cho tp tin mun ghi hoc kch nt lnh
ghi tp tin.
tm v tr mun
, xut hin biu tng thnh phn File Read or Write v ng dn

[U+F076] Kch nt
ca tp tin d liu.
[U+F076] Trong khung trng hin bn di thnh phn, nhp tn ca bin Mathcad c cha d liu s
c ghi vo tp tin d liu.
[U+F076] Khi kch nt chut vo bn ngoi khung nhp bin, cc gi tr trong tham bin ca Mathcad
s c ghi theo tp tin ch nh. Mi ln bn tnh li bng tnh, d liu s li c cp nht.
9.3.3 TRAO I D LIU VI EXCEL

Cc thnh phn Excel cho php bn:
[U+F09F] Du nhp d liu t Mathacd vo tp tin Excel, kch p vo thnh phn Excel dng cc
lnh chc nng t Excel.
[U+F09F] Chuyn cc s liu t Excel vo Mathcad bng cch:
[U+F050] Bo m l h thng ca bn l c ci chng trnh Microsoft Excel 7.0 hoc phin bn
cao hn, nhng khng nht thit phi iu hot.
[U+F050] Kch vo vng trng bng tnh. Nu bn mun xut cc s liu sang thnh phn t cc bin
xc lp trong bng tnh ca Mathcad, bo m l bn kch vo bn di hoc bn phi ca thnh phn
xc nh bin.
[U+F050] Chn Insert/Component, xut hin hp thoi Component Wizard (hnh 8.6).
[U+F050] Chn Excel t danh sch kch
. iu ny s chuyn bn sang khung ca s hng
dn Excel Setup Wizard. in vo nhng thnh phn trong khung thoi v kch
. Wizard s
chuyn n cc khung thoi theo cc thnh phn chn.
[U+F050] Khi kt thc, bn s thy phn Excel trong bng tnh vi khung nhp s liu cho cc bin
nhp v xut. Gn bin nhp vo khung nhp s liu nm di v nhp cc bin xut vo khung nhp s
liu nm bn tri du gn
.
[U+F050] Khi kch bn ngoi khung nhp liu, cc bin nhp s c chuyn t Mathcad sang Excel v
phm vi s c chuyn t Excel ngc v Mathcad gn cc bin xut. Sau khi xc lp cc bin
xut, bn c th x l chng theo cc hm lnh v php tnh ca Mathcad.
V d: T Mathcad c s liu tc bng tnh Excel. Trong bng tnh Excel lp hm ni suy cc h s A,
B, D da vo tc , sau xut s liu ra bng tnh Mathcad.
BI TP CHNG 8
1. S liu trm A v B c nhp bng mt ma trn gi vo bng tnh Excel.
100

A
STT
Nm
Trm
A(x)
Trm
B(y)
Kxi
Kyi
Kxi-1
Kyi-1
(kxi1)2
(Kyi1)2
(Kxi1)*(Kyi1)
1950
352
123
xi/xtb
1951
456
354
1952
897
754
1953
123
100
1954
741
654
1955
963
845
1956
741
632
1957
852
741
10
1958
369
256
11
10
1959
123
110
T1=
T2=
T3=
12
xtb=
yi/ytb
ytb=
Table 9.1
a. Xut cc gi tr t bng Excel sang Mathcad:

xtb, ytb, T1, T2, T3
b. Tnh h s tng quan:
c. Kim tra:
Nu v n>9 : Trm A v Trm B c tng quan, ngc li khng tng quan.
Chng 10
MathCad ng dng (phn 1)
10.1 NG DNG TRONG TNH TON KT CU

10.1.1 Cho mt dm n gi hai u nh hnh 9.1. Tnh cc phn lc gi ti A
v B.
Hnh 9.1
nh ngha:
1 This
101
102
CHNG 10. MATHCAD NG DNG (PHN 1)
Figure 10.1
Figure 10.2
103
Figure 10.3
Figure 10.4
104
Figure 10.5
Figure 10.6
10.1.2 Cho dm nh hnh 9.2. Tnh cc phn lc ti gi.

Hnh 9.2
105
10.1.3 Cho mt dm n gi hai u nh hnh 9.2. Tnh v v biu lc ct v

moment cho dm.
Figure 10.7

106
Figure 10.8
107
Figure 10.9
108
10.1.4 Cho s n
o ket cau ba
un n
ay cng (tnh theo ph
ong phap dam
n
a
uo) hnh 9.4
Figure 10.10
Hnh 9.4
Cho cac so lie
au sau:
q=30kG/m ; l=10m ; M1=M2=300kGm
Gia
ui:
109
Figure 10.11
110
Figure 10.12
111
10.2 NG DNG MATHCAD TRONG O C

10.2.1 Tnh ton b tr tim cu (hnh 9.5)
Figure 10.13
Hnh 9.5
S liu cho nh sau:
xA = 200.000m
- im khng ch A:
yB = 200.00m
{
xB = 378.31m
B:
yB = 340.02m
{
x1 = 400.000m
- im cn b tr 1 :
y1 = 400.00m
{
xc nh c im cn b tr cn xc nh c gc bng A1 , B1
112
Figure 10.14
Phn tnh tnh ton c du bng lnh kho (lock).
Figure 10.15
113
10.2.2 Bnh sai n

ong chuyen kinh v khep kn
Figure 10.16
Figure 10.17
Figure 10.18
114
Figure 10.19
Figure 10.20
Figure 10.21
115
Figure 10.22
10.3 NG DNG TRONG TNH TON THU VN

10.3.1 Cho hai Trm Thu vn A v B nm trn cng mt con sng, c s liu
nh bng sau:
STT
Nm
Trm A_M(m3/s.km2)
Trm B_M(m3/s.km2)
123456789101112131415161718
195419551956195719581959196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971
6.97.25.96.46.25.36.88.08.77.88.55.68.96.59
4.84.15.35.06.36.06.33.36.24.87.15.54.19.2
Table 10.1
Yu cu:
Cho bit hai trm A v B c tng quan vi nhau hay khng?
Vit phng trnh tng quan gia 2 trm b sung s liu gia hai trm.
V ng tng quan gia hai trm.
Gii:
1. Nhp s liu:
116
Figure 10.23
2. Tnh ton
117
Figure 10.24
a. Kim tra iu kin tng quan
118
Figure 10.25
b. Vit phng trnh tng quan b sung s liu cho trm thiu
Figure 10.26
119
Figure 10.27
120
Figure 10.28
Figure 10.29
3. V ng thng tng quan
121
Figure 10.30
Figure 10.31
10.4 NG DNG MT S HM TRONG MATHCAD

[U+F05B] V biu triu
122
Figure 10.32
Figure 10.33
123
Figure 10.34
[U+F05B] Vit hm ni suy tm Rn v Ra ca Btng cho trong bng sau:

Mc Btng
Cng chu nn Rn, kG/cm2
Cng chu ko Ra, kG/cm2
150200250300
6.590110130
57.58.310
Table 10.2
C nhiu cch ni suy tm Rn v Ra ca Btng, y xin nu ln 2 cch:

Cch 1:
124
Figure 10.35
Figure 10.36
Cch 2:
125
Figure 10.37
Figure 10.38
10.5 NG DNG TNH TON CA VAN

Xc nh v tr t dm chnh
126
Figure 10.39
Figure 10.40
127
Figure 10.41
128
Figure 10.42
Chng 11
MathCad ng dng - phn 2
Figure 11.1
Figure 11.2
1 This
129
130
CHNG 11. MATHCAD NG DNG - PHN 2
Figure 11.3
131
Figure 11.4
132
Figure 11.5
133
Figure 11.6
134
Figure 11.7
135
Figure 11.8
136
Figure 11.9
Figure 11.10
137
Figure 11.11
138
Figure 11.12
Figure 11.13
139
Figure 11.14
Figure 11.15
140
Figure 11.16
Figure 11.17
141
Figure 11.18
142
Figure 11.19
Figure 11.20
143
Figure 11.21
Figure 11.22
144
Figure 11.23
Figure 11.24
Figure 11.25
145
Figure 11.26
146
Figure 11.27
147
Figure 11.28
148
Figure 11.29
149
Figure 11.30
150
Figure 11.31
151
Figure 11.32
152
Figure 11.33
153
Figure 11.34
Figure 11.35
154
Figure 11.36
155
Figure 11.37
156
Figure 11.38
Figure 11.39
157
Figure 11.40
158
Figure 11.41
159
Figure 11.42
160
Figure 11.43
Figure 11.44
161
Figure 11.45
162
Figure 11.46
Figure 11.47
163
Figure 11.48
Figure 11.49
164
Figure 11.50
165
166
Figure 11.51
Figure 11.52
167
Figure 11.53
168
Figure 11.54
169
Figure 11.55
170
Figure 11.56
Figure 11.57
171
Figure 11.58
172
Figure 11.59
173
Figure 11.60
Figure 11.61
174
Figure 11.62
175
Figure 11.63
Figure 11.64
176
Figure 11.65
177
Figure 11.66
178
Figure 11.67
Figure 11.68
179
Figure 11.69
180
Figure 11.70
181
Figure 11.71
Figure 11.72
182
Figure 11.73
Figure 11.74
183
Figure 11.75
Figure 11.76
Figure 11.77
184
Figure 11.78
185
Figure 11.79
Figure 11.80
186
Figure 11.81
187
Figure 11.82
Figure 11.83
188
Figure 11.84
189
Figure 11.85
Figure 11.86
190
Figure 11.87
191
Figure 11.88
192
Figure 11.89
193
Figure 11.90
Figure 11.91
194
Figure 11.92
Chng 12
Ph lc 1 - gio trnh MathCad

PH LC 1
BNG CH HY LP (GREEK)
1 This
195
196
CHNG 12. PH LC 1 - GIO TRNH MATHCAD
K hiu
Tn gi
[U+F061]
Alpha
[U+F062]
Beta
[U+F067]
Gamma
[U+F064]
Delta
[U+F065]
Epsilon
[U+F07A]
Zeta
[U+F068]
Eta
[U+F071]
Theta
[U+F069]
Iota
[U+F06B]
Kappa
[U+F06C]
Lambda
[U+F06D]
Mu
[U+F06E]
Nu
[U+F078]
Xi
[U+F06F]
Omicron
[U+F070]
Pi
[U+F072]
Rho
[U+F073]
Sigma
[U+F074]
Tau
[U+F075]
Upsilon
[U+F066]
Phi
[U+F063]
Chi
[U+F079]
Psi
[U+F077]
Omega
Table 12.1
Chng 13
Ph lc 2 - gio trnh MathCad
PH LC 2
H N V SI
Base Units
M (meter), lengthA (ampere),
currentMole or mol, substance
Kg (kilogram), massK (kenvin),

temperature
s (second), timecd (candela), luminosity
Table 13.1
Angular Measure
Rad = 1
deg =
180 rad
Sr = 1.sr
Table 13.2
Length
cm = 0.01.mft = 0.3048.mmi = 5280.ft
km = 1000.min = 2.54.cm
mm = 0.001.myd = 3.ft
Table 13.3
Mass
gm = 0.001.kgmg = 0.001.gmoz
1b
= 16
tonne = 1000.kgton = 2000.lb
lb = 453.59237.gmslug
32.174.lb
Table 13.4
Time
min = 60.syr = 365.2422.day
hr = 3600.s
day = 24.hr
Table 13.5
Area, Volume
1 This

197
198
CHNG 13. PH LC 2 - GIO TRNH MATHCAD
hectare = 10000.m2mL = 0.001.L
acre
=
4840.yd2fl_oz
29.57353.cm3
L = 0.001.m3gal = 128.fl_oz
Table 13.6
Velocity, Acceleration
mph =
mi
hr
kph =
km
hr
G = 9.80665.
m
s2
Table 13.7
Force, Energy, Power

N = kg. sm2 kgf = g.kgcal =
4.1868.JW = Js
dyne = 105 .N J = N.mkcal =

1000.calkW = 1000.W
lbf = g.lberg = 107 .JBTU =

1.05506.103 .Jhp = 550. ft.lbf
s
Table 13.8
Pressure, Viscosity
N
Pa
=
=
m2 in_Hg
3.37686.103.Papoise = 0.1.Pa.s
psi =
lbf
torr
in2
= 1.33322.102.Pa
atm = 1.01325.105.Pastokes =
10-4. m
s
Table 13.9
Temperature
R = 0.556.K
Chng 14
Ti liu tham kho - Gio trnh

MathCad
1
TI LIU THAM KHO

[1].Hong Vn ng. MATHCAD 2002 gii trnh ton hc. Nh xut bn Tr. Nm 2002.
[2].Nguyn Vit Trung. Tnh ton k thut xy dng trn Mathcad. Nh xut bn Xy dng. Nm 2004.
[3].Trn Thanh Lim, Hunh Th Phng Tho, Trn Hunh Phng Trc. MATHCAD 7.0 Gii ton
ph thng v i hc. Nh xut bn Nng.
1 This

199
200
INDEX
Index of Keywords and Terms

Keywords are listed by the section with that keyword (page numbers are in parentheses). Keywords
do not necessarily appear in the text of the page. They are merely associated with that section. Ex.
apples, 1.1 (1) Terms are referenced by the page they appear on. Ex. apples, 1
C cng thc, 3(21)
P ph lc, 12(195), 13(197)
D d liu, 9(91)
S s hc, 4(35)
H hm s, 6(55)
T thy cng, 1(1)

ti liu tham kho, 14(199)
K k t, 3(21)
L lp trnh, 8(85)
V Vc t, 5(45)
i s, 4(35)
M ma trn, 5(45)
mathcad, 1(1), 2(3), 3(21), 4(35),
7(73), 8(85), 9(91), 10(101), 11(129)
th, 7(73)
ng dng, 10(101), 11(129)
N nhng kt, 9(91)
ATTRIBUTIONS
201
Attributions
Collection: Bi ging mn hc MathCad
Edited by: KS. Hunh Vng Thu Minh
URL: http://cnx.org/content/col10744/1.1/
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Module: "Li ni u - Mn hc MathCad"
By: KS. Hunh Vng Thu Minh
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m30165/1.1/
Page: 1
Copyright: KS. Hunh Vng Thu Minh
Module: "Gii thiu Mathcad 2001i"
Pages: 3-20
Module: "Nhp k t v cng thc trn Mathcad 2001i"
Pages: 21-34
Module: "MathCad vi i s v s hc"
Pages: 35-43
Module: "Vc t v ma trn"
Pages: 45-54
Module: "Cc hm s trong Mathcad"
Pages: 55-71
202
ATTRIBUTIONS
Module: "V th"

Pages: 73-84
Module: "Lp trnh"
Pages: 85-90
Module: "Nhng kt d liu"
Pages: 91-100
Module: "MathCad ng dng (phn 1)"
Pages: 101-128
Module: "MathCad ng dng - phn 2"
Pages: 129-194
Module: "Ph lc 1 - gio trnh MathCad"
Pages: 195-196
Module: "Ph lc 2 - gio trnh MathCad"
Pages: 197-198
ATTRIBUTIONS
203
Module: "Ti liu tham kho - Gio trnh MathCad"

Page: 199
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SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.

SORRY, THIS MEDIA TYPE IS NOT SUPPORTED.