Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Baigiangsap2000 111222194951 Phpapp01
Baigiangsap2000 111222194951 Phpapp01
Gii thiu
c pht trin 30 nm(1970): SAP, SAPIV, SAP86, SAP90, SAP2000
Kh nng ln.:
Tnh theo phng php phn t hu hn.
D s dng.
Chuyn mn ho: CSI( SAP, ETABS, SAFE).
Thit k.
Kh nng v mt s khi nim cn bit trong SAP2000
1. Bi ton:
- Tnh hc.
- ng hc: Dao ng ring, Ph phn ng (Ti trng ng t, Ti trng thay
i theo thi gian).
- Bi ton Cu: Ti trng di ng.
- Bi ton n nh: n nh hnh hc ( P-Delta)
- Bi ton thit k tit din: BTCT(Reinforce Concrete); KC thp (Steel). KC
thanh
- B tng Theo tiu chun: ACI, BS, CAN, EURO. (BS).
- KC Thp: AISC, BS, CAN, EURO.
2. H ta
- H ta tng th (Global Coordinate) Oxyz hoac toa o tru.
- H ta a phng (Local Coordinate)
Page 1
3. Kiu phn t
- Thanh =Frame
- nh ngha Frame
- Cc thng tin v Frame
- S hiu Frame
- S hiu nt u v cui (End I v End J)
- Tit din thanh v vt liu.
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 2
4. Nt (Joints):
im lin kt cc phn t.
im xc nh chuyn v
im xc nh iu kin bin
Ti trng tp trung (tr ti tp trung trn Frame).
Khi lng tp trung (Bi ton ng).
Ch :
Lin kt: Lin kt cng (Restraints), Lin kt n hi (Spring). Mt nt c
6 bc t do: U1, U2, U3 (thng); R1, R2, R3 (Xoay). ( Mi nt 1-2-3 mc
nh tng ng X-Y-Z.
- Translation U1, U2, U3= UX,UY,UZ
- Rotation R1, R2, R3= RX, RY, RZ)
Bc t do tnh ton: (DOF=Degree of Freedom): S bc tnh ton ca
mi nt. Thng khi tnh bi ton phng.
Chuyn v gi ta (Displacement Load). Chuyn v cng bc ca nt c
lin kt.
Khng khai bo Lin kt nt Restraints trng Spring.(theo cng mt
phng)
Khng gii hn s nt. (Nonlinear)
Page 3
Page 4
III.
1. Cai at SAP7.10 bang cach nhap oi chuot vao Setup trong th muc SAP7.10.
2. Update len SAP7.40 bang cach nhap oi chuot vao Setup trong th muc SAP7.40.
3. Update len SAP7.42 bang cach nhap oi chuot vao Setup trong th muc SAP7.42.
Chu y phai chon lai ung th muc C:\SAP2000N nh khi cai at cho SAP7.10
va SAP7.40.
4. Chep cac file Crack vao th muc SAP2000N va mi cai at.
5. Bung nen file Crack2 vao th muc SAP2000N va mi cai at.
6. Chay file patch.exe.
7. Chay bieu tng SAP va mi cai at.
Page 5
IV.
1.
Th mc lm vic
- Nn to mt th mc lm vic ring
- Mi th mc con l mt bi ton
2.
-
File s liu:
Input: *.SDB (*.$2k -> *.S2k, *.SBK). Import SAP90, *.DXF
DXF: (Mt dng file d liu ca Autocad)
Output: *.Out (* .TXT)
To file s liu:
New Model
New Model From Template
Import
- In kt qu: *.Out
- File\Print
- Export
3.
Mn hnh SAP2000
- Gi SAP Start\Pro...\Sap2000
- Title bar= thanh tiu
- Menu bar:
M, ..., >
- Status Bar: Thanh trng thi
n v tnh: Kgf-m : Chn n v tnh ngay khi m file mi. Kg;
kG=Kgf
Thng bo:
- Main Tool Bar (MTB):
Undo: ->n khi cha Save
Unlock \ Lock:
>: Run
Zoom:
View
Set Element:
Assign (7.42)
- Side Tool Bar (STB): Select, Draw
- Vng lm vic: Ca s hin th.1->4
- Ch lm vic:
Select ; Draw. Mc nh l select
- Select: Ging trong AutoCad
Single:
Window:
Crossing line: STB. Ging select Fence trong AutoCad
All: STB. Chn ton b i tng trong s tnh.
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 6
PS:STB chn PS
CLear: STB chn CL
La chn theo thuc tnh ca i tng: trong menu Select.
- Draw: To i tng
- View (Zoom): song song vi Select v Draw. View 3d, xy, yz, zx (MTB)
- Zoom (MTB)
- Ci t view:
Set 3d, 2d View: menu View chn set 3d, 2d View. iu chnh im
nhn.
Set Limits:Menu View chn Set limits: Gii hn vng nhn.
Save view, Show name View.
Show grid, Axis, Selection Only, Show All.
Menu Display: Hin thng tin vo hoc kt qu.
Page 7
SAP2000 ver 10
SAP2000 ver 11
Page 8
Chng 2. To S hnh hc
I.
To ng li (Grid line): l cc ng thng song song trc XYZ
- Cch 1: New: to ra cc ng li c bn.
- Cch2 . Khng khai bo ban u. (Menu File\New Model From Template)
- ngha ca Grid:
- im ni
- Xem (XY,YZ,ZX)
Edit grid line.
- Menu Draw\Edit Grid hoc bm double click phm tri vo ng li.
- Direction: La chn trc to m cc ng li vung gc.
- (X,Y,Z) Location: to cc ng li trn cc trc tng ng.
- Lock Grid line: Mc nh chn. Kha ng li.
- Snap to Gridline: Truy bt cc im trn ng li khi to i tng.
Mc nh Chn.
- Glue Joint to Grid: Mc nh Chn.
- Add: Thm mt ng li:
- Location: nhp to
- Bm Add.
- Move: Di chuyn ng li
- Location: Chn ng li.
- Thay i to .
- Bm Move.
- Delete: Xo mt ng li.
- Chn ng li
- Bm Delete.
- Delete All: Xo tt c ng li trn trc to hin thi.
- Lock Grid line: Mc nh chn. Kha ng li
- Snap to Gridline: Truy bt cc Im trn ng li khi to i tng. Mc
nh Chn. Chn ca
- Glue Joint to Grid: Mc nh Chn.
II.
To i tng Frames.
Chn cc chc nng truy bt im trn STB (Gn ging AutoCad)
Joint and Grid Point: ging Oject Snap Node (Insert): Mt im l nt
hoc Grid
Midpoint and End point:im gia hoc im cui
Intersection: im giao nhau
Perpendicular: Vung gc
Line and Edge: im bt k trn ng li hoc trn cnh i tng
(Nearest)
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 9
1.
Quick Draw Frame:
- Bm Vo biu tng Quick Draw Frame hoc Trong Menu Draw\ Quick
Draw Frame
SAP chuyn sang ch Draw. Di chuyn n Grid line, bm phm tri s
to ra mt frame. Nu di chuyn ngoi Grid line( Trong li), bm phm tri
th to ra hai Frame cho nhau.
2.
Draw Frame
- Bm Vo biu tng Draw Frame hoc Trong Menu Draw\Draw Frame
Ln lt Bm phm tri vo cc im cn to Frame. Thot bm (ESC).
Ch :
- Truy bt im
- SAP2000 t ng ni cc nt ca phn t. (T ng Connect)
- Cc nt t ng sinh ra khi Frame c to ra.
- Mun xem s hiu phn t v Nt. Bm vo Set Element (trn ca s hin
thi
- nu kch thc s hiu nh hoc to qu (Option\Preference\Max(Min)
graphic font size)
- Trc to a phng: (Local Axis)
- Trc 1: nm theo trc ca phn t, hng t end I (Start) End J (End).
C mu
- Trc 2: nm trong mp un chnh ca tit din (chiu cao tit din).
Mu trng
- Trc 3 to vi trc 1,2 theo qui tc bn tay phi (Xc nh theo trc1,
2). Mu Cyan.
- Mc ch:
- V tr tit din phn t trong h to tng th (X,YZ)
- Ti trng
- Kt qu ni lc
Nguyn tc gn trc a phng t ng ca SAP2000.
- Nu Phn t song song mp (x,y) th trc 2 song song trc +Z
- Nu phn t song song trc +Z (trc +1 song song +Z) th trc 2 song
song +X
- Nu trc +1 khng song song vi X or Y or Z th mp 1,2 song song vi
trc +Z v trc 2 hung ln trn.
=> Cch khai bo phn t Frame. Lun theo chiu trc to .( Cc nt
gn t tri sang(X), t ngoi vo trong (Y), T di ln (+Z).
- Xem h to : Chn Set element\Chn Local Axis (Frame).
III.
To i tng Shell.
Chn cc chc nng truy bt im trn STB (Gn ging AutoCad)
Page 10
1.
Quick Draw Shell:
- Bm Vo biu tng Quick Draw Shell hoc Trong Menu Draw\ Quick Draw
Shell
Chuyn sang ch Draw. Bm phm tri vo li.
2.
Rectangular Shell:
3.
Draw Quad Shell:
- Bm Vo biu tng Draw Shell hoc Trong Menu Draw\ Draw Shell
Chuyn sang ch Draw. Ln lt bm phm tri vo mt li. (Gi cc
nt J1,j2,j3,j4). Nu bm J1,j2,j3,j1 oc phn t tam gic. Nu bm J1,j2,j3,j4
c phn t t gic.
Ch :
- SAP2000 t ng ni cc nt ca phn t. (T ng Connect)
- Cc nt t ng sinh ra khi Shell c to ra.
- Mun xem s hiu phn t v Nt. Bm vo Set Element
- H to a phng ca Shell : H 1,2,3
- V tr ca phn t (Mt trn v di trong h to tng th)
- Trc 3: Lun vung gc vi mt trn ca Shell. Hng v pha
ngi s dng (Hng ra mn hnh).
- mp (2,3) lun // Z. +2 hng theo +Z. Nu +3 //+Z th +2//+Y
- Trc 1 // mp (X,Y)
- Xem h to : Chn Set element\Chn Local Axis (Frame, Shell).
Ch khi m hnh ho
- Frame: i vi thanh cong khng qu 15
- Shell:
- Cc gc trong ca phn t nm trong khong t 45 n 135 .
- T s khong cch t im gia cc cnh i din khng qu 10(tt nht
bng mt) (4 nt)
- Gc lch khng qu 15 (tt nht l trong mt mt phng)
- Nn s dng phn t 4 nt, phn t 3 nt ch dng bin
IV. Gn Joint.
- H to a phng ca ring nt (1,2,3). Tuy nhin mc nh h trc 1,2,3
trng trc X,Y,Z. Khng cn thit phi thay i.
- U1=UX, U2=UY, U3=UZ, R1=RX, R2=RY, R3=RZ.
( Translation 1=U1=UX...; Rotation 1=R1=RX)
- Float Toolbar\ Add special Joint hoc trong menu Draw
V.
ReShape
- Float Toolbar\ Re Shape hoc trong menu Draw\ReShape
- Chn phn t
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 11
Page 12
XIV. Connect.
- Ni cc nt ca cc phn t ti mt to thnh mt nt (ngc vi
disconnect)
XV. Show Duplicates: Hin th cc i tng b trng nhau.
- Thng s dng khi disconnect, khi c nhiu nt ti cng mt to .
XVI. Change label: nh li s hiu nt v phn t.
- Chn cc i tng mun nh li s hiu
- Menu Edit\Change label
- Select Element: La chn loi i tng sp xp
- Next number: S hiu u tin
- increment: bc nhy
- Prefix: K t truc s hiu
- Relabel Order: Th t Trc sp xp
Order1: chn trc sp xp u tin 1: i tng c cng to trc
chn s c sp xp.
Order2: chn trc sp xp u tin 2: i tng c cng to trc
chn s c sp xp.
- OK
( Prefix: Thm k t trc s hiu i tng)
Page 13
Page 14
Chng 3. To s kt cu.
Trn c s s hnh hc -> Gn thuc tnh cho i tng (Properties)
I.
1.
2.
Thay i chiu ca h to a phng.
- Chn phn t
- Menu Assign\Frame\ Local Axis
- Angle: Gc quay trc 2,3 quanh trc 1. >0 ngc chiu kim ng h (H
thanh phn t ct: i phng trc 2). Tnh theo gc l gc mc nh.
- Reverse: i chiu quay trc 1.
3.
Khai bo vt liu: Dng cho ton b m hnh tnh (Frame, Shell,...)
- Menu Define\Material
- Add: Thm mt loi vt VL
- Material Name: Tn Loi Vt liu. Do ngi dng t, nn t tn theo
loi vt liu s dng, v d: B tng 200=BT200.
- Type of Material: Lun chn Isotropic (ng hng); Ortho (trc
hng)
- Mass Volume: Khi lng ring
- Weight Volume: Trng lng ring.
- Modulus of Elastic ...: E ( E thay i theo mc BT)
- Poisson: H s Pot Xng (): 0.1-0.3. B tng=0.18-0.2; Thp=0.3
- Modify: Thay i loi VL c sn ( khai bo)
- Chn tn VL
- Bm vao Modify. -> Ging nh New.
- Delete ch xo c khi cha gn Vl cho tit din
4.
Khai bo tit din
- Menu Define\Frame Section
- Add: T khai bo cc tit din
- Chn tn kiu tit din: Bm vo Add ..
- Section name: Tn tit din nh ngha. (Loi phn t ct v dm t
tn ring)
- Loi Vt liu.
- Khai bo tham s trong Dimension. Tu theo tit din
- OK
- Modify: Thay i cc thng s tit din khai bo
- Chn tn tit din
- Bm Modify
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 15
6.
Khai bo s tit din tnh ni lc
- Chn Frame
- Menu Assign\Frame\ Output Segments
Page 16
II.
1.
H to a phng:
- Thay i hng h to :
- Chn phn t.
- Menu Assign\ Shell\ Local Axes.
- Angle:Quay trc 1,2 quanh trc 3.
- Reverse: i chiu trc 3.
- Ok hoc Cancel
2.
3.
Khai bo tit din Shell
- Menu Define\Shell Section
- Add: Thm mt loi
- Section name: Tn loi tit din Shell. Do ngi s dng t
- Material: Chn loi vt liu
- Material Angle=0 (vt liu ng hng)
- Thickness: chiu dy tm (Membrance= Bending)= chiu dy sn hoc
chiu dy li trong s tnh.
- Type: mc nh l Shell. Nu chia phn t dy qu nn chn thick
plate.
- Show/ Modify: Xem hoc sa i
- Delete: Xo. (Khng xo c kiu tit din khai bo).
4.
Gn tit din cho Shell
- Chn Shell
- Main Toolbar hoc Menu Assign\Shell\Section
III. Gn iu kin bin ca nt.
Mc nh khi nt t sinh cng phn t th nt t do (khng c lin kt
ngn cn). Trn mi phng ca mt nt ch c th l restraints hoc spring,
khng bao gi c php gn ng thi mc d Sap cho php, nhng rt kh
khi c kt qu
1.
Gn Restraints: gi cng. cng v cng.
- Chn nt
- Main Toolbar chn biu tng gi ta hoc vo menu Assign\Joint\Restraints
- La chn Translation 1,2,3= U( X,Y,Z)
- La chn Rotation 1,2,3= R(X,Y,Z)
- Ok
2.
Page 17
TAI TRONG
V.
Ti trng trn phn t Frame
Trong mi mt trng hp ti trng th mt Frame c th gn cc dng ti
trng: Uniform: u, Trapezoidal: Hnh thang, Point Load: Tp trung, Ti
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 18
Page 19
- Chn Frame
- Menu Assign\Frame Static Load\ Trapezoidal.
- Type: kiu ti trng l momen hay lc phn b
- Direction: hng ca ti trng theo cc trc trong cc h ta X,Y,Z ;
1,2,3 or theo hng inh ngha sn.
- C bn im ti trng thay i m c th khai bo trong khung Trap
Loads
- Nhp gi tr vo Load: ch du
- Distance: Khong cch im t ti tnh t u I
- Relative= T s kc tnh t u I (Start )n im t ti/chiu di
phn t (0 <= Relative 1)
- Absolute= Khong cch im t ti tnh t u I. (0 <= Absolute
<= L phn t)
- Options: Add=thm, Replace=thay gi tr mi, Delete=xo.
Mun xem ti trng: Menu Display\Show load\Frame -> Chn trng hp ti
trng v cc la chn mun xem.
4.
VI. Ti trng ti nt
y ang xt cho mt trng hp ti trng nn trong qu trnh khai bo la
chn Load Case Name (Tn trng hp ti trng) mc nh chn trng hp
ti trng c tn l Load1. Sau ny khi gn cho trng hp ti trng khc th
nht thit u tin phi chn tn trng hp ti trng cn gn.
1.
Ti trng tp trung nt.
Mt nt c 6 tp= Fx,y,z; Mx,y,z. Du Fx,y,z=trc, Mx,y,z= ngc chiu kim
ng h.
Khai bo
- Chn nt
- Menu Assign\ Joint Static load\Force hoc Bm vo biu tng ti trng tp
trung ti nt trn Main Tool bar
- Nhp cc gi tr lc v mmen tp trung theo cc phng, ch du ca ti
trng
- Options: Add=thm, Replace=thay gi tr mi, Delete=xo.
Mun xem ti trng: Menu Display\Show load\Frame -> Chn trng hp ti
trng v chn thm show joints load hoc Menu Display\Show load\Joints.
Nu lc tp trung t trng phng vi iu kin bin ca nt th ch gy ra
phn lc nt.
2.
Chuyn v cng bc (Joint Displacement)
Mt nt c 6 tp. 3tp= Ux,y,z; 3tp=Rx,y,z. Du U=trc, R= ngc chiu kim
ng h. n v: U=chiu di, R=Radian
Khai bo
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 20
- Chn nt
- Menu Assign\ Joint Static load\Displacement.
- Nhp gi tr chuyn v cng bc.
- OK
Gn vo phng ca nt c khai bo lin kt restraints hoc spring. Khng
gn vo nt t do v nh vy khng c ngha.
Gi tr chuyn v sau khi phn tch ti lin kt c Restraint hay Spring th
khc nhau. Restraints=gi tr chuyn v cng bc; Spring=s cng i s
vi gi tr chuyn v ca l xo.
VII. Ti trng trn Shell.
1.
Page 21
- t sefl weight
- bm Add load
Thay i thng s mt trng hp ti trng
Menu Define\Static load case
- Chn trng hp ti trng mun thay i
- Thay i cc thng s: name, type, selfweight
- bm change.
Xa mt trng hp ti trng
Menu Define\Static load case
- Chn trng hp ti trng mun xa.
- bm Delete.
Khi xa mt trng hp ti trng th ton b cc gi tr ti trng trn nt v
phn t ca trng hp s b xa.
Ch : Trong khi gn ti trng cho phn t, nt lun ch n trng hp ti
trng ang gn. (Load Case Name)
Xem ti trng: Menu Display\Show load (Joint, Frame, Shell).
Load Name
TUONG
SAN
GTXDUONG
GTXAM
GDX1
Type
Dead
Dead
Wind
Wind
Wind
Selfweight
1.1
0
0
0
0
GDX2
GDX3
Wind
Wind
0
0
GTYDUONG
GTYAM
GDY1
GDY2
GDY3
DDX1
Wind
Wind
Wind
Wind
Wind
Quake
0
0
0
0
0
0
DDX2
DDX3
DDY1
DDY2
DDY3
Quake
Quake
Quake
Quake
Quake
0
0
0
0
0
Gii thch
Page 22
N
100
60
120
200 (max)
60 (min)
M
60
-30
150
150 (max)
-30 (min)
Page 23
Khai bo mt t hp
Menu Define\Load Combination:
- Add New combo
- Load Combination name=tn t hp
- Type: chn Add hoc Env; SRSS
- Tille line: dng ch gii
- Chn trng hp ti trng t hp .
- Chn case name, Scale factor -> bm Add
- Modify; Delete sa xo.
- Use for (steel, Concrete): Xc nh t hp cho thit k tit din.
Xem v thay i cc thng s ca mt t hp
Menu Define\Load Combination:
- Chn tn t hp
- Bm Show/Modify
- Thay i cc thng s
Xa mt t hp
Menu Define\Load Combination:
- Chn tn t hp
- Bm Delete
Ch :
- C th khai bo t hp ca t hp.
- Chn t hp sau khi phn tch, sau khi c kt qu ni lc vn c th t
hp c => T hp trong SAP l t hp ni lc (Load Combination)
- Add Default : SAP t ng sinh ra cc t hp vi cc h s t hp theo
tiu chun ca M.
Page 24
1.
La chn s bc t do ca nt
- Menu Analyze\Set Option
- DOF: bc t do ca nt
2.
3.
4.
c kt qu
1.
c kt qu bng ho
- S dng ch yu: toolbar
- Deformed shape: S bin dng
- Reaction v Spring Force
- F: Frame: Chn loi ni lc (Axial, Shear, Moment..)
Page 25
Page 26
Page 27
Page 28
Page 29
Page 30
Page 31
2.
In kt qu tnh ton
- S dng file *.out (File in ton b phn t)
- Menu File\Print Output Table (Print to file): Thng dng in mt s phn
t. Thng in dm ring, ct ring.
- La chn phn t, nn dng menu select chn section.
- Menu File chn Print output table
- Chn Print to file
- Chn Selection Only
- Chn Spread Format
- Chn file name, chn file type *.*, nhp tn file <name>.xls, bm
save(open)
- Chn cc kiu in kt qu (Displacment, Frame force, Shell Force,
Reaction) chn trng hp ti tng ng.
- Bm OK
M file va Output trong Excel, v dng Excel c kt qu.
- Dng cc kiu lc v Sp xp trong Excel c kt qu cho nhanh: Data
Filter, Sort
- C th in tng loi i tng, ti trng
- In file di dng c s d liu (MDB Access): Nn dng
- In ho
Ch in: Nu in bng Lazer HP chn HPIII hoc HP6L PCL
Ct ho vo word:
- Chuyn mn hnh sap v mt ca s (Chuyn mu mn hnh) (Menu Option).
- Bm phm Print Screen.
- M Microsoft Foto editor (Paint)
- Menu Edit\Paste as new Image
- Select
- Menu Image\Crop ->Ok
- Menu Image\Invert Color ( oi mau )
- Menu Edit -> Select All hoac vung muon cat
- Copy
- Word: Edit-> Paste Special-> Picture (tit kim b nh)
Page 32
1.
Gn khi lng tp trung:
Khi lng tnh ti. Khi lng ring ca phn t trong s tnh khng cn
qui i, SAP t qui i v nt.
Khai bo khi lng tp trung:
Tnh khi lng tp trung ti nt
Tnh khi lng tng cng ca tt c cc tnh ti cn li (m=w/g) v d
tng w=1800 kG/m3 => m=180 Kg/m3
Tnh s nt chnh (s nt c lin kt vi ct hoc vch, li)
Khi lng tp trung ti mi nt ca mt tng=tng khi lng/s nt
chnh.
Khi gn khi lng ch gn vo cc nt chnh.
- Chn nt
- Menu Assign\Joint\Mass:
- Direction 1,2,3= khi lng tp trung gy ra lc qun tnh theo phng 1,2,3.
n v kg.
- Ok
2.
-
Page 33
II.
Bi ton n nh P-Delta:
y l bi ton n nh hnh hc. Khng xc nh c gi tr chnh xc lc
Pth. M ch xt nh hng ca P-Delta. Lc P-Delta c xt ring. Khng
ph thuc vo trng hp ti trng m nh hng ca lc P-Delta ny n s
tnh mi c tc dng trong cc trng hp ti trng.
1.
2.
Xc nh lc nh hng P-Delta thep phng php t hp.
- Menu Analyze\Set options
- Chn Include P-Delta -> Chn Set P-Delta Parameter
- P-Delta Load Combination
- Chn trng hp ti trng.
- Bm OK
3.
Khai bo tham s tinh P-Delta
- Menu Analyze\Set options
- Chn Include P-Delta -> Chn Set P-Delta Parameter
- Iteration Control: Maximum Interation: S ln lp tnh nh hng
ca n nh
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 34
1/4
1/2
h1
1/4
h2
b
S1
1/4
S2
3/4
Page 35
Page 36
V.
Phn t Frame c tit din Auto Seclect:
Nhm cc tit din c vo mt nhm. Kiu nhm ny gi l Autoselect.
Thng dng vi kt cu thp. Tnh cho bi ton Optimazation ti u ho tit
din.
Khai bo: t nht phi c hai loi tit din:
- Menu Define\Frame Section
- Add Auto Select
- Auto Seclect Section name
- Chn cc section khai bo a vo danh sch ca Auto select.
- Add, remove
- OK
Page 37
End offset: gim chiu di tnh ton ca Frame, bng cch tr i vng
giao nhau ca cc frame ti nt.. Mc nh SAP2000 khng xt EndOffset.
Nu xt n EndOffset. Khi chiu di tnh ton ca thanh c xc
nh bng h s Lf
Lc=L-(Ioff+Joff)
Lf= L-Rigid(Ioff+Joff)
L=chiu di ca Frame tnh theo nt.
Lc= Chiu di thng thu ca Frame
Ioff v Joff: Chiu di vng cng ti u I v J ca Frame
Rigid: h s gim vng cng. SAP=0.5
Lf: Chiu di tnh ton ca Frame khi xt n EndOffset
Khai bo:
- Chn frame:
- Menu Assign\ Frame \ End Offset
- Define length: Nhp gi tr vng cng ti hai u thanh (End i=Ioff, End
J=Joff)
- Update Length from Connectivity: SAP t xc nh End I v End J
- Rigid zone factor: h s gim vng vng (0.5).
Page 38
1.
Khai bo lc cng T n v:
- Chn Frame:
- Menu Assign\ Frame\Pretress
- End I =di=Start, End J=dj=End, Mid=dc=Center
- Lc T=Cable Tension
- OK
2.
Khai bo h s tnh ng sut trc trong cc trng hp ti trng.
- Chn Frame
- Menu Assign\frame static load\Pretress
- Chn trng hp ti trng
- Nhp h s ti trng tnh prestress.
- OK
C th c nhiu lc cng T khc nhau.
Ni lc trong mi trng hp ti trng do lc ng sut trc gy =Lc cng
Tx H s ti trng tng ng.
VIII. Groups=Nhm.
Nhm nt v phn t, ri t tn. Mc ch: nhm nt hoc phn t
- Select: nhanh chng
- Ti trng di ng (Bi ton cu)
- Bi ton thit k:
- Mc nh c mt nhm tn l: ALL=nhm ton b phn t v nt.
Khai bo nhm:
- Menu Define\Group: t tn group
- Select nt, phn t
- Menu Assign\Group... Chn tn Group
- Menu Select\Group: Chn tn group: Khi cn chn cc i tng ca mt
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 39
group
Page 40
XI. Constraints:
lin kt iu kin bin ca cc nt. V d tnh trong bi ton nh cao tng,
khi tnh theo m hnh: Li vch chu ti trng ngang.
C nhiu kiu constraints. Trong kiu Local: gn chuyn v tng ng
theo cc phng l n gin nht
Khi gn Sap cho php gn nhiu nhm constraint
Mt nt c th ng thi nm nhiu nhm Constraints. .
- Gn cc nt vo mt nhm constraints:
- Chn nt
- Menu Assign\Joints\Constraints.
- Bm Add (Add Local l n gin nht)
- t tn cho nhm Constraints
- La chn cc iu kin bin ca nhm. Khi cc nt trong nhm s
c cng iu kin bin la chn.
- OK.
Page 41
Thit k KCBTCT
1.
Khai bo Vt liu:
Design type=Kiu vt liu Concrete trong menu Define/Material
- Design Property data:
- Fy(Yeild)=cng chu ko ca thp, tnh theo gii hn chy. V d AII
c Ratt=2800 kg/cm2, nhng fy=3000 kg/cm2.
- fc= cng chu nn ca b tng. Ly bng gi tr mc b tng. V d bt
mc 200 ly fc=200 kg/cm2 (Ec 20/25)
- fys cng chu ct ca ct thp: Gii hn chy v d: AI fys=2100
- fcs= cng chu ct ca b tng=fc.
2.
Chn kiu phn t Beam, Column
- Khai bo tit din: Menu define\Frame Section: (ch chn uc ba loi:CN,
Trn, T) .Vt liu kiu CONC
- Element Class: Beam, Column
- Beam:
- Top cover=a'
- Bottom cover=a
- Column:
- Rectangular:
- Cover=a
- Number bar in dir 3:S lp ct thp tnh theo phng 3
- Number bar in dir 2:S lp ct thp tnh theo phng 2.
- Circle:
- Cover
- Number of bar: s thanh thp.
- Chn mt trong hai Design or Area of one bar:
- Design: bi ton thit k
- Area of one bar: bi ton kim tra
3.
Chn t hp thit k.
- Menu Define\ Load combination (Use for concrete design, steel design)
- Hoc menu Design chn Select Design Combo
4.
5.
Chn tiu chun thit k:
- Menu Option\Preference\Concrete (BS8110-89)
GVC ThS Bui Van Chung
Page 42
6.
II.
Thit k KC thp
1.
Khai bo vt liu:
2.
3.
4.
-
Kiu phn t.
Column: Phn t ny song song Z
Beam : Phn t song song mp XY
Ging (Braced): Cn li
( Effective Length Factor (K)): ph thuc vo lin kt (Phn t, gi ta,
restraint , phung). SAP t ng tnh K (Lin kt nt, phn t). Mc nh
khng xc nh c kiu lin kt ly=1.
Page 43
Page 44