K hiu ca cc mi cht lnh:

I) Bo ha hon ton, cc hp cht halogen

K hiu mi cht lnh bt u bng ch R (ting anh Rifregerant ;mi cht lnh),
sau l 3 ch s th d R113
Nhng cht lm lnh l dn xut ca ankan (CnH2n + 2) nh metan (CH4), etan
(C2H6). Nhng cht lm lnh c thit k bi R XYZ, trong :

X + 1 cho bit s Carbon (C) nguyn t

Y-1 cho thy s lng hydro (H) nguyn t, v
Z ch s Flo (F) nguyn t

Sau khi cn bng , s d cho bit s nguyn t (Cl). nu ch c 2 ch s ch ra

rng gi tri ca x =0.
V d ; R22

X = 0 s ca cc nguyn t Carbon = 0 + 1 = 1 phi sinh kh

mtan (CH4)
Y = 2 s ca cc nguyn t hydro = 2-1 = 1
Z = 2 S nguyn t Flo = 2

S cn bng = 4 s nguyn t ca (H + F) nguyn t = 4-1-2 = 1 S

nguyn t Clo = 1
The cng thc ha hc ca R 22 = CHClF2
Tng t nh vy c th chng minh rng cng thc ha hc ca:
R12 = CCl2F2
R134a = C2H2F4 (dn xut ca etan)
Ngc li :
Th d mi cht c cng thc ha hc CCl2F2 tm k hiu ca n

S th nht: nguyn t cabon -1 = 1-1=0

S th hai : s nguyn t hidro +1 = 0+1=1
S th 3 : s nguyn t Flo =2

Vy cng thc ha hc CCl2F2 c k hiu l R12

Tng t CHClF2 l R22

ii) cht lm lnh v c

Ny c xc nh bi s 7 tip theo l khi lng phn t ca cht lm lnh.
Ex .: Amoniac: Trng lng phn t l 17, ch nh l R 717
Carbon dioxide: Trng lng phn t l 44, ch nh l R 744
Nc ung: Trng lng phn t l 18, ch nh l R 718

iii) Hn hp
hn hp ng si c thit k bi s 500 v 400
R 500: Hn hp R 12 (73,8%) v R 152A (26,2%)
R 502: Hn hp R 22 (48,8%) v R 115 (51,2%)
R503: Hn hp R 23 (40,1%) v R 13 (59,9%)
R507A: Hn hp R 125 (50%) v R 143a (50%)
R404A : Mixture of R 125 (44%), R 143a (52%) and R 134a (4%)
R407A : Mixture of R 32 (20%), R 125 (40%) and R 134a (40%)
R407B : Mixture of R 32 (10%), R 125 (70%) and R 134a (20%)
R410A : Mixture of R 32 (50%) and R 125 (50%)
iv,Hidrocacbon
Propane (C3H8): R 290
n-butan (C4H10): R 600
iso-butan (C4H10): R 600A
Khng bo ha Hydrocarbons: R1150 (C2H4)
R1270 (C3H6)