ng lm dng t th trng

TP - T th trng, nn kinh t th trng, c ch th trng b lm dng hi nhiu Vit Nam

ta. Bao nhiu vn tiu cc c ti c ch th trng, d thc s l do chnh sch ti gy
ra, do c quan nh nc khng lm tt cng vic ca mnh, thm ch, khng lm vic ca mnh
m i lm vic ngi khc.

C
ch
hot
ng
cho
th
trn
g bt
ng
sn
vn
cn
s
can
thip
ca
Nh
nc
Ngi ta bn v lm pht, v iu chnh gi in, than,v.v, cng li mang th trng ra bin
bch mt cch l lng.

C th lit k v vn th d v s lm dng (hay ni nh hn, thin ch hn, l ni v s km

hiu bit hay lm ln trong s dng khi nim, v lm dng hm h hiu k khi nim v c
dng sai i bao bin th c th hi nng).
Ch xin nu mt th d nng hi khi gii m lm pht, mt t bo a tin mt y vin y ban
Kinh t ca Quc hi ni rng:
Chng ta thng ni vi nhau l xy dng mt nn kinh t th trng, tn trng quy lut ca th
trng, vy th gi in hay gi mt hng no tng hay gim u phi chp nhn (nu n
ng vi quy lut th trng). Ngh thut iu hnh ca Chnh ph ch u vo l kinh t th
trng nhng u ra l kinh t th trng nh hng x hi ch ngha.
Khng r bo c vit ng ng hay khng. Nu khng ng nh vy, bo nn ci chnh v xin
li ng, v ng cng nn ni li cho d lun c r. Cn nu phi, ti xin bn lun s nhm ln
v vai tr v ci khi nim u vo v u ra kh l ny.
C ch th trng l c ch vn hnh ca mt nn kinh t do tc ng ca cc quan h cung cu
hnh thnh t pht trn th trng ch khng phi do Nh nc quy nh bng cc bin php
hnh chnh.
Nu c cnh tranh lnh mnh, c ch th trng hot ng hiu qu v t cn n can thip ca
Nh nc. Mun c cnh tranh lnh mnh, phi c t nht 2-3 ngi bn sn sn nhau, khng cu
kt vi nhau.
Nhim v ca Nh nc l phi to ra mi trng php lut thun tin cho c ch th trng hot
ng (th d bng cc lut Doanh nghip, lut Thng mi, lut Ph sn, cc Lut thu, lut
Cnh tranh, v.v.) m bo cc tho thun t c cc bn k kt phi c thc hin nghim
chnh (lut trng ti, lut dn s, hot ng ca cc to n, v.v.).
Hai mi nm qua Vit Nam lm c rt nhiu c ch th trng hot ng, song cn
nhiu vic phi lm na.
Ngay c trong trng hp c ch th trng hot ng sun s, vn c ni cnh tranh b hn ch
do c quyn (du l c quyn t nhin, nh bn l in v nc), do tc ng ngoi lai, hay do
cc l do khc m c ch th trng c nhiu khuyt tt v cn s hot ng ca cc c ch phi
th trng (m can thip ca Nh nc l mt trong s cc c ch phi th trng ).
C ch th trng khng hot ng tt cc th trng ny. Ngay c cc th trng ni c ch
th trng hot ng tt, cc c ch phi th trng vn hot ng. Vn l mc hot ng,
ni n c nhiu khuyt tt th cn c ch khc hot ng mnh hn.
Khng c s i lp gia c ch th trng v cc c ch phi th trng. Thay vo , chng b
sung cho nhau.
Mt trong nhng c ch phi th trng l c ch can thip ca Nh nc. Ln ln v i lp

chng vi nhau, khng phn bit r th rt d dn n lm dng t ng bin bch cho ci sai
ca chnh mnh.
t khi ngi lm sai li nhn mnh sai, nn vic lm dng bin bch nh vy cng d hiu.
Nhng trong hiu bit chung ca dn v ca cc quan chc cp cao nhm ln nh vy th li
l tai ha cho t nc.
Xin nu th d v cc th trng ni c ch th trng nhiu khuyt tt v nh nc c vai tr to
ln (lm th no, th d bng bin php hnh chnh, hon thin cc c ch phi th trng khc,
hay thng qua cc c quan iu tit c lp, hoc s kt hp chng, v.v, l chuyn khc cha bn
y):
Th trng in, th trng than ta hin nay l nh vy, c quyn, mt ngi bn vn ngi
mua. Khng c s cnh tranh gia nhng ngi bn.
Chnh v th vin dn n th trng, quy lut th trng y l hon ton sai, l t b nhim
v rt quan trng ca Nh nc (k c khi c c quan iu tit nng lng c lp cng vy).
Nu c ba ng sn sn nhau, khng th cu kt vi nhau cng bn than, th cu chuyn li khc
(y l vic ca Nh nc phi lm). Cho nn trong trng hp c th ca chng ta hin nay v
than v in (v nhiu lnh vc khc lin quan n mi trng, y t, gio dc), ng vin vo c
ch th trng bin bch cho vic Nh nc lm khng tt vic ca mnh.
c ch th trng vn hnh ng quy lut th trng i vi than, ng TKV mun nh gi
no th nh (cc ng c quyn cng hay lm dng t th trng lm y).
May l Nh nc Vit Nam cha hon ton nghe theo ca ng quan chc ni trn v h lm
nh vy.
Cho nn cch gii m lm pht ca quan chc cao cp ca mt u ban quan trng ca Quc
hi nu u bi (nu thng tin c khng nh l ng) lin quan n gi than v gi in l
ht sc sai lm.
Khi phi bn v khi nim l k u vo l kinh t th trng v u ra l kinh t th trng
x hi ch ngha. Ti hy vng bo a khng chnh xc li ng ni.
Nguyn Quang A