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Press Fits and Thick Walled Cylinders
Press Fits and Thick Walled Cylinders
Press Fits and Thick Walled Cylinders
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
po
ro
ri
r
l
c
pi
circumferential (hoop) c,
radial r, and longitudinal
(axial) l.
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
ri pi r po ( pi po ) r r / R
=
2
2
ro ri
2
2
o
2 2
i o
2
Eqns
10.20/10.22
ri pi
ro
= 2 2 1 2
ro ri R
2
Eqns
10.23/10.24
PressCylinder:
Longitudinal Stresses
The longitudinal stress is simply given by a Force/Area, where
the Force is pi times the circular inside area ri2 , and the Area is
the annular area of the cylinder cross section, ( ro2 - ri2) , or:
pi ri 2
l = 2 2
ro ri
This is generally only considered
for the case of internal
pressurization ( po = 0).
Un-numbered Equation
just below Eqn. 10.8
po
ro
ri
r
l
c
pi
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
ri 2 pi
ro2
= 2 2 1 2
ro ri R
Eqns
10.23/10.24
( + is circumferential, - is radial )
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
Stress (KSI)
12
8
4
0
-4
RADIAL STRESS
-8
0
0.5
1
Radius (in.)
1.5
ri2 pi
= 2 2
ro ri
ro2
1 2
R
( + is hoop, - is radial )
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
PressCylinder:
Stress (KSI)
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
-14
-16
RADIAL STRESS
HOOP STRESS
0.5
Radius (in.)
1.5
ro2 po
= 2 2
ro ri
ri2
1 2
R
( + is hoop, - is radial )
PressCylinder:
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
Press Fits
In a press fit, the shaft is compressed and
the hub is expanded.
Before
After
Hub
Radial
interference, r
Shaft
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
Hub
Shaft
PressCylinder:
10
Press Fits
Press fits, or interference fits, are similar
to pressurized cylinders in that the
placement of an oversized shaft in an
undersized hub results in a radial
pressure at the interface.
Hub
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
11
Hub
Shaft
PressCylinder:
12
)(
E r ro2 R 2 R 2 ri 2
p=
2
2
2
R 2 R ro ri
Eqn 10.52,
rearranged
ro
R
ri
E r
p=
2R
R2
1 2
ro
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
Eqn 10.53,
rearranged
PressCylinder:
13
ro
p=
R
Eo
ri
ro2 + R 2
R R 2 + ri 2
2
+ o + 2 2 i
2
ro R
Ei R ri
Eo, o
i,o = Poisson
oc
ro2 + R 2
=p 2
ro R 2
Eqn 10.45
R 2 + ri 2
i = p 2 2
c
R ri
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
Eqn 10.49
= -p if shaft is solid
PressCylinder:
14
ro
c r
c =
E
E
R
ri
pR ro2 + R 2
2
o =
+ o
2
Eo ro R
Eqn 10.46
pR R 2 + ri 2
2 2 i
i =
Ei R ri
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
Eqn 10.50
PressCylinder:
15
i + o = r
d = 2R
Fmax = dLp
T = FR = RdLp
PressCylinder:
16
Shrink Fits
If heating or cooling a part to achieve a shrink fit,
the required radial interference is:
R = r = RT
where R is the interface radius
is the coefficient of thermal expansion
T is the temperature change
To select an amount of interference see ANSI/ASME tables for
class FN1 (light) to FN5 (Heavy-drive) fits.
They give interference in 0.001" on diameter for a range of
diameters
Ex: FN4 for 0.95 to 1.19" diameter, interference = 1 to 2.3 mils on
diameter.
2004 by W.H.Dornfeld
PressCylinder:
17