Citgo Petroleum Corporation

135th Street & New Avenue

Lemont, IL 60439

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

Installation notes:
1. Orifice dia. As
specified to suit
required conditions.
2. Gaskets
furnished by vendor.

ITEM

MATERIAL: Monel
REV. QTY.

TAG. NO.

20FO-057

PIPE SIZE
(IN.)
4/2

SCH.

ORIFICE
(IN.)

FLOW QUANTITY
(SCFH)

UPSTREAM
PRESSURE
(PSIG)

80

0.084

250

60

DP
(PSI)
57

M S
W G
a

17.00

TEMP.
(F)

FLANGE
RATING

100

300

SERVICE

Pilot gas to acid relief header.

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

1. The actual flow of 20FO-057 is about 110 SCFH for a bore diameter of 0.084.

1 of 25

288923093.xls/Current Flange Spec Sheet_Monel

Citgo Petroleum Corporation

135th Street & New Avenue
Lemont, IL 60439

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

Union Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

ITEM

MATERIAL: 316SS
REV. QTY.

Installation notes:
1. Unless otherwise specified, the only markings on the orifice tab shall be the orfice diameter
indicated by a decimal fraction as shown on the drawing with 1/16-in. figure stamping hand dies.
2. Where lines are to be insulated, the insulated material covering the union shall be applied in such
a
manner that the markings on the tab will be fully exposed.
3. No asbestos-bearing material is acceptable; vendor to provide TFE gaskets.

TAG. NO.

PIPE SIZE
(IN.)

20FO-184

1-1/2

SCH.

ORIFICE
(IN.)

80

0.285

FLOW QUANTITY
(SCFH)

UPSTREAM
PRESSURE
(PSIG)
60

DP
(PSI)
57

M S
W G
a

0.586

TEMP.
(F)

FLANGE
RATING

100

3000

SERVICE

Acid pump vent header purge.

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

1. Item 1 is made of monel.

2 of 25

288923093.xls/Current Union Spec Sheet

Citgo Petroleum Corporation

135th Street & New Avenue
Lemont, IL 60439

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

Installation notes:
1. Orifice dia. As
specified to suit
required conditions.
2. Gaskets
furnished by vendor.

ITEM

MATERIAL: 316SS
REV. QTY.

TAG. NO.

20FO-175

PIPE SIZE
(IN.)
4/2

SCH.

ORIFICE
(IN.)

80

0.135

FLOW QUANTITY
(SCFH)

UPSTREAM
PRESSURE
(PSIG)
60

DP
(PSI)

M S
W G

55 a

17.00

TEMP.
(F)

FLANGE
RATING

100

150

SERVICE

Pilot gas to 20F-527.

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

3 of 25

288923093.xls/Current Flange Spec Sh_SS

Citgo Petroleum Corporation

135th Street & New Avenue
Lemont, IL 60439

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

Union Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

ITEM

MATERIAL: 316SS
REV. QTY.

TAG. NO.

Installation notes:
1. Unless otherwise specified, the only markings on the orifice tab shall be the orfice diameter
indicated by a decimal fraction as shown on the drawing with 1/16-in. figure stamping hand dies.
2. Where lines are to be insulated, the insulated material covering the union shall be applied in such
a
manner that the markings on the tab will be fully exposed.
3. No asbestos-bearing material is acceptable; vendor to provide TFE gaskets.
PIPE SIZE
(IN.)
4/2

SCH.

80

ORIFICE
(IN.)

FLOW QUANTITY
(SCFH)

UPSTREAM
PRESSURE
(PSIG)

DP
(PSI)

M S
W G
a

TEMP.
(F)

FLANGE
RATING

SERVICE

100

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

4 of 25

288923093.xls/New Union Spec Sheet

Yellow is an input cell:

P1:
60
psig

Green is a calculation:
W=
11.12 PPH

Underline is value actually used: Green in grey is a look-up value:

0.603
tp =
2.50
0.607
White in black is a final answer:
D2 =
0.106 in.
Important reference information about a cell is in violet:
From Fluor table
Cell for iteration with goal seek: Target (To) cell for goal seek:
[1st Cell]
[2nd Cell]
4.87
4.93

Changing cell for goal seek:

[3rd Cell]
0.084

ell for goal seek:

Citgo Petroleum Corporation

135th Street & New Avenue
Lemont, IL 60439

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION

Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

Installation notes:
1. Orifice dia. As
specified to suit
required conditions.
2. Gaskets
furnished by vendor.

ITEM

MATERIAL: 316SS
REV. QTY.

TAG. NO.

PIPE SIZE
(IN.)
4/2

SCH.

80

ORIFICE
(IN.)

FLOW QUANTITY
(SCFH)

UPSTREAM
PRESSURE
(PSIG)

DP
(PSI)

M S
W G
a

TEMP.
(F)

FLANGE
RATING

SERVICE

100

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

7 of 25

288923093.xls/New Flange Spec Sheet_SS

Citgo Petroleum Corporation

135th Street & New Avenue
Lemont, IL 60439

INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION Flange-type Restrictive Orifices

ALL ITEMS SHALL COMPLY WITH GENERAL SPECIFICATION SHEETS

Installation notes:
1. Orifice dia. As
specified to suit
required conditions.
2. Gaskets
furnished by vendor.

ITEM

MATERIAL: Monel
REV. QTY.

TAG. NO.

PIPE SIZE
(IN.)
4/2

SCH.

80

ORIFICE
(IN.)

FLOW QUANTITY
(SCFH)

UPSTREAM
PRESSURE
(PSIG)

DP
(PSI)

M S
W G
a

TEMP.
(F)

FLANGE
RATING

SERVICE

100

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

8 of 25

288923093.xls/New Flange Spec Sheet_Monel

Caution: this sheet calculates properties based on yellow-highlighted cells. The viscosities will change and
pressure and temperature, however, the NIST values for pure components will change so if T or P change
NIST.
Gas Properties
Vc,
Properties using
cm3/mol
coresponding states
y
Tc, K
Pc, atm
1
Zc
Hydrogen
0 33.20
12.80
65.00
0.31
-0.22
Methane
0.94 190.60
45.40
99.00
0.29
0.01
Ethane
0.05 305.40
48.17
148.00
0.29
0.10
Propane
0.01 369.80
41.95
203.00
0.28
0.15
Propylene
0 365.00
45.60
181.00
0.28
0.15
Butane
Average, Mixture: 1.0000 198.13
45.65
102.49
0.29
0.01
k=

R, atm-cm^3/(K-gmole):
Temperature, F:
Pressure, psig.:
Viscosity, cP:

Methane
Ethane
Propane
Propylene
Butane

8.21E+01
100
311
90 Use initial (1) properties.
From VISC Sheet - manual entry-- use NIST website for
0.01151
individual , then use Wilke's method in spreadsheet to calc
mixture .
, cP @ 78 psig
, cP @ 90 psig
100
120
100
120
0.011661 0.012008 0.011659 0.012006
0.00986 0.010179 0.009882 0.010201
0.00853 0.008836 0.008547 0.008853
0.009013 0.009347 0.009039 0.009372
0.009254 0.012779

iscosities will change and are a function of

hange so if T or P change update with

Cpo,
cal/gmolK
6.91
8.66
12.98
18.30
15.78
8.98
1.28

M
2.02
16.04
30.07
44.10
42.08
17.02

use NIST website for

hod in spreadsheet to calculate

, cP
0.00919
0.01167
0.00988
0.00855
0.00904

Thin plate orifice

Low-Moderate P

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 1

Rough method provided originally in an article in Chemical Engineering magazine

tb/bore diameter =
0.93
P2/P1 = 0.05
Thin plate, no choked flow.
Calculation not applicable: refer to Kirk-Cunningham method.
P1:
D =

7
X
8

Qg/SQRT( P(P1 +P2)/(2SgT1)

1/5
X (tp/0.125)

5440

Method assumes, implicitly, that gas is ideal gas mixture or perfect gas.
Flow through a thin plate is never choked flow. For this to apply, the ratio of tb/bore
diameter must be < 6. (Reference: pg. 13.22, Richard Miller's "Flow Measurement
Engineering Handbook," 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 1996. Page 13-22 refers to the work
of Cunningham (1951) and Ward-Smith (1979).
Kirk-Cunningham applies when P2<0.63P1. Cunningham showed that choked flow
(critical, i.e., M =1 @ throat) does not occur for thin orifice plates.

D, inches; Qg, gas flow in SCFH (60 F, 1 atm); DP, P1, P2, psia; Sg = Mg/Mair
T1, R; tp, plate thickness.
Qg:
P =
P1:
P2:
Mw:
Sg =
T:
Plate Rate
tp =
Z:
D1, nom:

250
57.00
60
3
17
0.59
100
300
2.50
1.00
2.00

Sat. Curve Test:

Hot Gas Test:
B1 =
B0 =

11 of 25

SCFH @ 60 F, 1 atm
psig
psi

Complete Property Sheet

Tr = 2.51
from sheet
Pr = 0.11
Using initial properties @
P1, T1

manual allowed
deg. F
k = 1.28
300, 600# ANSI
mm
From Fluor table
0.98
Calculated using virial equations
in.
Sch.:
80
#NAME? Test:
#NAME? #NAME?
0.433
#NAME?
0.135
Pr/Tr = 0.044
Z = 1.00
-0.014

Lemont, Illinois

Line Size

tp,mm

0.5

1.5

0.75
1
1.5
2
3
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
24

1.5
1.5
2
2.5
3
3
3
6
6
6
9
9
12
12
16

Using table from

Fluor specification:
"Flange Type
Restrictive Orifice"

288923093.xls/RO1

Pcf = 40.98

12 of 25

psig

Choked Flow - for thick plate

D2 =

0.106 in.

Lemont, Illinois

Beta =

0.055

288923093.xls/RO1

Thick plate orifice or flow

nozzle, Choked Flow

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 2

tb/db =
7.41
Thick plate method applies: choked flow.
Min. Pressure is:
40.98
Choked Flow: eq. 4-40, pg. 100, Daniel Crowl, Joseph Louvar, "Chemical Process Safety Fundamentals with Applications,
Prentice-Hall, 1990.
P1:

4-40
Crowl & Louvar assume a thick orifice plate, or flow nozzle, not a thin plate.

A =
Co P1

k gc M
RT1

psig

2
k+1

(k+1)/(k-1)

Also found in Perry's 6th edition of "Chemical Engineering Handbook," pg. 5-14, equation 5.27.
Assumes Beta < 0.2. (Ideal gas also assumed and implicite in solution using isentropic
expansion).

A: throat cross-sectional area, sq. ft; W: #/s; Co = 0.72; P1: inlet pressure, psf; gc = 32.174
T1: inlet temperature, F; R = 1545.3 ft-#f/#mole-R.
This sheet is most useful in estimating flow from nozzles and holes in vessels or
pipe.

Qg:
W=
=
D1:
P1:

250
11.22
0.04
1.939
60

SCFH @ 60 F, 1 atm
PPH
lbs./cf
in.
psig

Mw:

17.02

Property Sheet

St. T =
Co:

60
14.696
0.72

k = 1.28
exp. = 8.03
Pcf = 40.98

T:

100

deg. F

A=

0.004

sq. in.

D=
Beta =
tp =

0.067
0.0348
0.50

in.

13 of 25

in.

Complete Property Sheet

Tr = 2.51
Pr = 0.11
Sat. Curve Test:
Hot Gas Test:
Test:
B1 =
B0 =
Pr/Tr =

F
psia
Crowl/Louvar recommends 1.0 for Co with sharp-edged orifices
with Re1 >30,000; seldom does this occur.
Property Sheet

psig

Choked Flow

Using initial properties @ P1, T1

#NAME? Below: use charts
0.433
#NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
0.135
-0.014
0.044

Lemont, Illinois

288923093.xls/RO2

Z = 1.00

14 of 25

Lemont, Illinois

288923093.xls/RO2

10/06/2015

Calculation for North American Mfg. Co. Combustion Air FE

ORIFICE DATA SHEET

Type of Orifice Plate:

Standard

Drain Hole (for Condensate):

MAXIMUM (URV-Ranged) DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
MAXIMUM FLOW RATE REQUIRED

None
40 IWC
10,000 PPH

DP (Required ) AT REQUIRED MAX. FLOW RATE =

CALCULATED MAXIMUM FLOW RATE (At URV) =

Pipe Diameter?

131,510 SCFH
29.78 IWC

Y-Equation?

11,589 PPH
152,400 SCFH

hw-O.K. Turndown O.K

Y-O.K.

0.895

1.35 PSIG
37.53 IWC

PERMANENT PRESSURE LOSS AT MAX. RATE (At URV) =

1,050,626

ORIFICE INLET MAX. CALC. REYNOLDS NUMBER =

Orifice Re?
NOMINAL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
NOMINAL FLOW RATE

MINIMUM DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE

MINIMUM (Practical) FLOW RATE

7.45 IWC
5,000 PPH

=
=

MINIMUM ORIFICE INLET REYNOLDS NUMBER

Re--tubulent--O.K.
Safe Min. Rate?

65,750 SCFH
0.30 IWC
1,000 PPH

Min.---O.K.

13,150 SCFH
10,000

Gas Orifice velocity is O.K.

Mach No. OK?

Change in Physical Properties?

Change in properties --O.K

FLUID:
INITIAL GAS TEMPERATURE

70 F

INITIAL GAS PRESSURE

30 psig
1.000

GAS COMPRESSIBILITY COEFFICIENT, Z, =

GAS SPECIFIC HEAT RATIO, k,

1.3981784205
0.0163455501 cP

GAS VISCOSITY @ FLOW CONDITIONS

60 F

BASE TEMPERATURE

BASE PRESSURE

BASE COMPRESSIBILITY FACTOR, Z,

14.696 psig
1.000
24" CS Pipe

NOMINAL PIPE DIAMETER, INCHES

PIPE INTERNAL DIAMETER, INCHES

23.5 Inches

FLANGE ORIFICE DIAMETER, do, INCHES , =

4.2622252739 Inches

ORIFICE BETA

PLATE MATERIAL

0.1814
SS

PLATE BASE THERMAL EXPANSION

PLATE THERMAL EXPANSION

0.0000097 1/F
0.0000089 1/F

CHANGE IN GAS DENSITY OVER PLATE

-0.94%

CHANGE IN GAS TEMPERATURE

-4.9
0.126

DISCHARGE MACH NO., M=1 IS CRITICAL, =

For Maximum Flow Calculation

C' (PPH)

= 274.091

Ftb
Fm

= 1.003
= 1.000

K = 0.5972
C' (SCFH) = 3604.474
FG = 0.99857

Fa
= 1.000
Flowing conditions were used to calculate the discharge rate of the orifice.

D. Willard

FTf = 0.9896

International Steel Services, Inc.

Y1 = 0.9905
Fpv = 1.0000
FPb = 1.0000
Fl = 0.9998

288923093.xls

Calculation for FE-344

'A' Reactor Toluene Atomizing Nitrogen

10/06/2015

ORIFICE DATA SHEET

Type of Orifice Plate:

Integral

Drain Hole (for Condensate):

MAXIMUM (URV-Ranged) DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
MAXIMUM FLOW RATE REQUIRED

None
60.2 IWC
172 PPH

Pipe Diameter?

2,320 SCFH
60.20 IWC

Y-Equation?

CALCULATED MAXIMUM FLOW RATE (At URV) =

171 PPH
2,320 SCFH

hw-O.K. Turndown O.K

Y-O.K.

PERMANENT PRESSURE LOSS AT MAX. RATE (At URV) =

1.56 PSIG
43.30 IWC

DP (Required ) AT REQUIRED MAX. FLOW RATE =

ORIFICE INLET MAX. CALC. REYNOLDS NUMBER =

176,990
Orifice Re?

NOMINAL DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE

NOMINAL FLOW RATE

Re--tubulent--O.K.
Safe Min. Rate?

1,160 SCFH
0.60 IWC

Min.---O.K.

MINIMUM DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE

MINIMUM (Practical) FLOW RATE

15.03 IWC
86 PPH

17 PPH
230 SCFH
10,000

MINIMUM ORIFICE INLET REYNOLDS NUMBER

Change in Physical Properties?

Change in properties --O.K

FLUID:
INITIAL GAS TEMPERATURE
INITIAL GAS PRESSURE

70 F

130 psig
1.000

GAS COMPRESSIBILITY COEFFICIENT, Z, =

GAS SPECIFIC HEAT RATIO, k,
GAS VISCOSITY @ FLOW CONDITIONS

Mach No. OK?

Gas Orifice velocity is O.K.

1.3
0.018 cP

=
=

60 F

BASE TEMPERATURE

BASE PRESSURE

BASE COMPRESSIBILITY FACTOR, Z,

14.696 psig
1.000
1/2" Sch-40 CS

NOMINAL PIPE DIAMETER, INCHES

PIPE INTERNAL DIAMETER, INCHES

0.664 Inches

FLANGE ORIFICE DIAMETER, do, INCHES , =

0.34 Inches

ORIFICE BETA

PLATE MATERIAL

0.5120
SS

PLATE BASE THERMAL EXPANSION

PLATE THERMAL EXPANSION

0.0000097 1/F
0.0000089 1/F

CHANGE IN GAS DENSITY OVER PLATE

-0.35%

CHANGE IN GAS TEMPERATURE

-1.8
0.096

DISCHARGE MACH NO., M=1 IS CRITICAL, =

D. Willard

0.416

This method is more general.

Thin plate orifice

All flow conditions

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 3

Crane TP 410, "Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings, and Pipe," 23rd printing.
P2/P1 = 0.016667

tb/bore diameter =
0.67
Thin plate, no choked flow.

ASME calculation not practical --- P2/P1 too low ---Kirk-Cunningham

method.

P1:

Flow through a thin plate is never choked flow. For this to apply, the ratio of tb/bore diameter must be < 6.
(Reference: pg. 13.22, Richard Miller's "Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook," 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 1996.
Page 13-22 refers to the work of Cunningham (1951) and Ward-Smith (1979). In 2005, Kirk explored the limits of
Cunningham's work. He found that ASME formulas worked fine with adjustment of Y; C could be defined using ASME
and other methods.
Kirk-Cunningham applies when P2<0.63P1. Cunningham showed that choked flow (critical, i.e., M =1 @ throat) does
not occur for thin orifice plates.

2
P
W = 1891 Y C d
0
Equation 2-24, Crane TP 410,
adapted on 3.24 of text.

W: lbs./hr; Y: dimensionless; C: 1/ft; do: inches; P: psi; r: #mass/cf

Standard Conditions:

P, psia =

14.696

T, F =

60
Complete Property Sheet

Qg:
#/cf =
P =
P1:
P2:
Mw:
#/cf =
T:
Plate Rate
tp =
Z:
D1, nom:
g, cP=
Pp =

86
0.06
59.00
60
1
24
0.01
120
300
1.50
0.75

56

Y=
k=

@ 14.696
psia & 1 atm.

psig
psi

C, ft-1 =

Flange taps
0.72
Kirk-Cunningham
1.28
0.607
0.607
0.607

ASME, Crane 410

Cunningham
manual allowed

manual allowed
deg. F
300, 600# ANSI
mm
From Fluor table
0.99
manual allowed
in.

0.01151

Wd =
5.44
Match Qg:
4.93
Pcf = 40.98

17 of 25

SCFH

Sch.:
Re1 =

manual allowed

Tr = 1.43
Pr = 0.11

from sheet

Using initial properties @

P1, T1

Sat. Curve Test:

Hot Gas Test:
Pr/Tr =
B1 =
B0 =
#NAME?
Z=

#NAME? Test:
0.433
#NAME?
0.078
0.100
#NAME?
-0.156
0.99

160
4,874

psig
PPH
PPH
psig

Wcalc =

5.47

Choked Flow - for thick plate

PPH
Do =

Problem solved with goal seek

0.088

in.

Lemont, Illinois

Beta =

0.144

288923093.xls/RO3

This method is more general.

Thin plate orifice

All flow conditions

RESTRICTIVE ORIFICE ---- Method 4

Crane TP 410, "Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings, and Pipe," 23rd printing.
P2/P1 = 0.033333

tb/bore diameter =
1.82
Thin plate, no choked flow.
ASME calculation not practical --- P2/P1 too low ---Kirk-Cunningham
method.

P1:

P2:

W =

338.178 b K d2 Y1 FPb FTb FTf1 FPvGr FGr

Flow through a thin plate is never choked flow. For this to apply, the ratio of tb/bore diameter must be < 6.
(Reference: pg. 13.22, Richard Miller's "Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook," 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 1996.
Page 13-22 refers to the work of Cunningham (1951) and Ward-Smith (1979). In 2005, Kirk explored the limits of
Cunningham's work. He found that ASME formulas worked fine with adjustment of Y; C could be defined using ASME
and other methods.
Kirk-Cunningham applies when P2<0.63P1. Cunningham showed that choked flow (critical, i.e., M =1 @ throat) does
not occur for thin orifice plates.

h Pf1

Adapted from equation 9.68, "The AGA equation," in Richard Miller's Flow
Measurement Engineering Handbook, 3rd ed., McGraw Hill , CR 1996
(This equation was adapted originally from equation 2-24, Crane TP 410.)

Complete Property Sheet

W: lbs./hr; Y: dimensionless; C: 1/ft; do: inches; P: psi; r: #mass/cf
Standard Conditions:

P, psia =

14.696

T, F =

60

For (b):

Prb = 0.04

Choose Cunningham (1),Miller (2), or Fluor (3) for Y1:

Qg:
b#/cf =
P =
P1:
P2:
Mw:
1#/cf =
T:
Plate Rate
tp =
Z1:
D1, nom:
g, cP=
Pp =

250
0.05
87.0
90
3

SCFH

psig
psi

0.02
100
300
2.50
0.991
2.00

Cunningham recommended

1.28

manual

C, ft-1 =

0.595
0.607

ASME, Crane 410

Cunningham

manual allowed
deg. F
300, 600# ANSI
mm
From Fluor table
manual allowed
in.
manual allowed

Sch.:
Re1 =

Hot Gas Test: 0.400

#NAME?

Pr/Tr = 0.030

Cunningham

manual allowed

0.01151
86

k=

17

Wd =
11.43
Match Qg:
Pcf = 57.43

18 of 25

Flange taps
Y1 =
0.66

Estimated Compressibility Factor (Z) for Base and Inlet Conditions

Trb = 1.46
Sat. Curve Test: #NAME? Test:

OK

For (1):

Zb =

0.980
0.980

Tr1 = 1.57
Pr1 = 0.16

80

#NAME?

B1 = 0.104
B0 = -0.148
#NAME?
Zf = 0.980
Sat. Curve Test= #NAME? Test:
Hot Gas Test=
Pr/Tr =
B1 =
B0 =
#NAME?
Zf =

0.455
0.100
0.113
-0.122

#NAME?
#NAME?

0.991

3,233

psig
PPH
PPH
psig

Wcalc =
Qcalc =

11.31
247

PPH
SCFH
Choked Flow - for thick plate Do =

Problem solved with goal seek

0.054

in.

Beta =

Lemont, Illinois

0.028

288923093.xls/R04

VISC

GAS

MIXTURE

VIS C O S ITY

This sheet talks with the Properties Sheet.

Enter values in "Yellow."
Temperature
38

Manual input values are in "Green."

100 F

Calculated values in "Light Green".

Program assumes that gases are perfect and form an ideal vapor solution. Program will deviate slightly for high pressure (>150 psig & presence of wet gas.
Wilke method shows some deviations where molecular weights are significantly different, i.e., Mi>>Mj.
Wilke Gas Mixture Viscosity Calculation for Ideal Gases or Real Gases @ Low-Moderate Pressures
Hydrogen
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Propylene
Gas 6
Gas 7
Gas 8
Gas 9

0.00
0.94
0.05
0.01
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Man Manual i
Yes 0.009189
Yes 0.011672
Yes 0.009882
Yes 0.008547
Yes 0.009039
Yes 0.000000
Yes 0.000000
Yes 0.000000
Yes 0.000000

Gas 10

0.00

Yes

Total

2.00

Component

0.000000

0.0117
0.0099
0.0085
-

M
2.02
16.04
30.07
44.10
42.08

i1

i2

i3

i4

i5

i6

i9

i10

0.00
0.00
0.00

0.000
1.473
1.000
0.766
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
1.899
1.300
1.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

0.00

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

Sum ij
0.000
1.033
0.689
0.524
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
m =

= a + b(T) + c(T)2 +d(T)3

a
b

-7.11E-10
-1.27E-09
-1.70E-09
2.33E-09
-3.40E-10
7.15E-09
-2.71E-09
3.95E-09
-1.44E-09
1.16E-008
-3.84E-09

Information Alligned for MBAL & VISC for auto entries.

a()
b ()
c ()
MAT-MATRIX
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

Mwt
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

Cp = a + b(T) + c(T)2 + d(T)3 + e(T)4 + f(T)5

a
b
c
d
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

-0.0006
0.00187
0.00628
0.00215
###
0.00344
0.00624
0.00177
###
0.0071
-0.00096

i8

0.000
1.000
0.665
0.506
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Cp = a + b(T) + c(T)2 + d(T)3 + e(T)4 + f(T)5

a
b
c
d
e
f
9.04015 8.68E-03
### 1.72E-09
###
0
### 2.40E-02
### 4.81E-08
### 5.57E-15
6.21415 5.12E-03
###
0
0
0
6.42043 8.88E-04
###
0
0
0
6.02127 6.56E-03
### 3.01E-09 0.00000
0
6.66150 2.85E-03
###
0
0
0
6.89500 7.62E-04
###
0
0
0
6.44284 1.25E-03
###
0
0
0
6.51457
###
0
0
0
0
7.11595 5.93E-03 1.08E-06
0
0
0
### 2.92E-02
### 1.32E-08
### 2.62E-16
7.08976 1.55E-03
0
0
0
0

AlCl2
AlCl3
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Chlorine
Hydrogen Sulfide
Nitrogen
Oxygen
HCl
Sulfur Dioxide
TiCl4
Water

i7

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.506
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Mwt.
97.89
133.34
44.009
28.01
70.9
33.068
28.013
31.998
36.461
64.058
189.69
18.015

Gas

D. Willard 10/06/2015

yi

1.36E-005
2.39E-05
2.16E-05
2.01E-005
2.40E-05
4.28E-05
2.59E-05
2.26E-05
2.12E-05
0.000073
1.97E-05

PlantI

e
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

Sum yi i

0.000
0.011
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

0.000

10

0.0115

f
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

RELSIZE.XLS(VISC)

0.1200
T1 = 100oF, P = 87 psig, P1 = 90 psig, Using Cunningham
0.1100 calculation for Y , as yielding the highest Q. The pressure drop
1
is not "hw;" the drop is the permanent pressure loss.
0.1000
0.0900
0.0800
0.0700
0.0600
0.0500
0.0400
0.0300

k = 1.2; M = 30
k=1.3; M = 17

0.0200

W = Q(PM/RT) = QM/408.67
PPH: pounds per hour
Q = W(408.66/M)

0.0100

k = 1.4; M = 2

0.0000
0

500

1,000

1,500
2,000
Q, SCFH (60 F, 14.7 psia)

2,500

3,000

3,500

T1 = 100oF, DP = 87 psig, P1 = 90 psig,

Using Cunningham
ko
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4

Q, SCFH
50
250
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
50
250
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
50
250
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000

2"
0.0144
0.0322
0.0455
0.0643
0.0788
0.0910
0.1114
0.1298
0.1451
0.0126
0.0281
0.0397
0.0561
0.0688
0.0794
0.0973
0.1317
0.1472
0.0072
0.0163
0.0230
0.0325
0.0398
0.0460
0.0563
0.0660
0.0737

"
0.0144
0.0322
0.0455
0.0643
0.0788
0.0910
0.1114
0.1298
0.1451
0.0126
0.0281
0.0397
0.0561
0.0688
0.0794
0.0973
0.1317
0.1472
0.0072
0.0163
0.0230
0.0325
0.0398
0.0460
0.0563
0.0660
0.0737

M
30

17
0.0279