H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

I HC QUC GIA TP. H CH MINH

TRNG H CNG NGH THNG TIN
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TIU LUN
H THNG BO HIU S 7 SS7

Gio vin hng dn: Th.S Chu Tin Dng

Nhm SV thc hin:

1. Phm Hng Phng

2. Trn Ngc Thng
3. Hunh Thin Cng

Nha Trang, 09/2015

H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

LI NI U
Cng vi s pht trin khng ngng ln mnh ca Khoa hc k thut, Cng ngh
thng tin cng pht trin, mng li c m rng v hin i ha. Ngnh vin thng
Vit Nam cng c nhng bc pht trin vt bc. Nh tng i di ng s GSM, truyn
dn s PDH&SHD trn cp si quang v vi ba trong s c vic trin khai p dng h
thng bo hiu knh chung s 7 trn ton mng.Cng nh cc h thng bo hiu c
xy dng v s dng trn thc t nh h thng bo hiu s 5, h thng bo hiu knh
chung s 7 c a ra nm 1980 kt tinh cc u im ca cc h thng bo hiu trc
.H thng bo hiu s 7 c s dng rng r v t c nhng thnh tu ni
bt l: Tc bo hiu cao ,dung lng ln, tin cy cao, kinh t, mm do, linh hot
v rt a dng.
ng dng ca h thng bo hiu SS7 rt a dng. N c th s dng trong nhiu
mng vin thng khc nhau nh mng in thoi, mng di ng s GSM, mng a dch
v ISDN, mng thng minh IN
H thng bo hiu ny c th s dng nhiu mc ch khc nhau p ng c s
pht trin ca mng trong tng lai.

H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

MC LC
LI NI U
I. KHI QUT CHUNG V BO HIU
1.1 Khi nim
1.2 Bo hiu ng dy thu bao
1.3 Bo hiu lin tng i
1.3.1 Bo hiu knh lin kt (ACS)
1.3.2 Bo hiu knh chung (CCS)
1.4 Chc nng ca bo hiu
1.4.1 Chc nng gim st
1.4.2 Chc nng tm chn
1.4.3 Chc nng vn hnh v qun l mng
II. TNG QUAN V H THNG BO HIU S 7
2.1 Gii thiu
2.2 u v nhc im ca h thng bo hiu s 7 (ss7)
2.3 Cu trc h thng mng bo hiu s 7 (ss7)
2.3.1 Cc thnh phn chnh ca mng bo hiu s 7
2.3.2 Cu trc v chc nng
2.4 Chng giao thc bo hiu s 7
2.4.1 MTP-1 lp lin kt d liu bo hiu
2.4.2 MTP-2 lp lin kt bo hiu
2.4.3 MTP-3 lp mng
2.4.4 Lp 4- lp ngi dng
III. NG DNG CA BO HIU S 7 TRONG
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I- KHI QUT CHUNG V BO HIU:

1.1 Khi nim:

Trong mng vin thng, bo hiu c coi l mt phng tin chuyn thng tin
v cc lnh t im ny n im khc, cc thng tin v cc lnh ny c lin quan n
qu trnh thit lp, gim st v gii phng cuc gi.
Thng thng bo hiu c chia thnh 2 loi chnh:
- Bo hiu ng dy thu bao
- Bo hiu lin tng i
Hin nay, bo hiu lien tng i c 2 loi chnh:
- Bo hiu knh lin kt CAS
- Bo hiu knh chung CCS
Bo hiu

Bo hiu ng
dy thu bao

Bo hiu lin tng

i

Bo hiu knh lin

kt

Bo hiu knh
chung

Hnh 1.1: phn loi bo hiu trong mng vin thng

1.2: Bo hiu ng dy thu bao

L bo hiu c thc hin gia thu bao vi tng i hay gia tng i vi thu
bao.
thit lp cuc gi thu bao nhc t hp my. Trng thi nhc t hp c
tng i pht hin v n gi tn hiu mi quay s n thu bao. Lc ny thu bao c
th quay s ca thu bao cn gi. Khi quay s xong thu bao nhn c mt s tn hiu
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ca tng i tng ng vi trng thi nh tn hiu hi m chung, tn hiu bo bn

hay mt s tn hiu c bit khc.

Hnh 1.2: v d v ng dy thu bao

1.3 Bo hiu lin tng i:
L bo hiu gia cc tng i vi nhau.
Cc loi tn hiu trong bo hiu lin tng i c th l : tn hiu chim, tn hiu cng
nhn chim, s thu bao b gi, tnh trng tc nghn, xa thun ,xa ngc.
Cc tn hiu thanh ghi (Register Signals): c s dng trong thi gian thit lp

cuc gi chuyn giao a ch v thng tin th loi thu bao.

Cc tn hiu bo ng dy (Line Signals): c s dng trong ton b thi gian

cuc gi gim st trng thi ca ng dy.

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Hnh 1.3: V d v bo hiu lin tng i

Bo hiu lin tng i ngy nay c 2 phng php ang c s dng l: bo hiu
knh lin kt (ACS) v bo hiu knh chung (CCS)
1.3.1: Bo hiu knh lin kt (ACS)
a) Khi qut bo hiu knh lin kt:
L bo hiu lin tng i m tn hiu bo hiu c truyn cng vi trung k ting.
c trng ca loi bo hiu ny l i vi mi knh thoi c ng tn hiu bo hiu xc
nh khng r rang. iu c ngha l:
- Tn hiu bo hiu c th chuyn giao trn knh thoi nu s dng tn hiu bo hiu
trong bng tn thoi.
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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

- Tn hiu bo hiu c chuyn giao trong mt knh bo hiu ring bit nh sp

xp a khung trong PCM, cc tn hiu bo hiu ng dy c chuyn giao trong khe
thi gian TS16
b) Cc h thng bo hiu knh lin kt:
- H thng bo hiu CCITT1: y l h thng bo hiu lu i nht v ngy nay
khng cn c s dng na. H thng bo hiu ny s dng tn s 500Hz, ngt qung
20Hz.
- H thng bo hiu CCITT2: y l h thng bo hiu s dng tn s 600Hz, ngt
Zealand v Nam M.
- H thng bo hiu CCITT3: y l h thng bo hiu bng u tin s dng tn s
2280Hz cho c bo hiu ng dy v bo hiu thanh ghi. Ngy nay vn cn s dng
Php, o, Phn Lan v Hungary
- H thng bo hiu CCITT4: y l mt bin th ca h thng bo hiu CCITT 3
nhng s dng tn s 2040Hz v 2400Hz cho bo hiu ng dy v bo hiu thanh ghi.
- H thng bo hiu CCITT5: y l h thng bo hiu c s dng kh rng ri
vi bo hiu ng dy s dng tn s 2400Hz v 2600Hz, bo hiu thanh ghi s dng
t hp 2 trong 6 tn s 700Hz, 900Hz, 1100Hz, 1300Hz, 1500Hz v 1700Hz.
- H thng bo hiu R1: y l h thng bo hiu gn ging vi h thng bo hiu
s 5, nhng ch s dng mt tn s 2600 cho bo hiu ng dy. Bo hiu thanh ghi
ging nh trong bo hiu s 5.
- H thng bo hiu R2: y l h thng bo hiu s dng tn s 3825Hz cho bo
hiu ng dy (vi phin bn analog) v cc tn s 540Hz ti 1140Hz cho hng v,
tn s t 1380 n 1980 cho hng i vi bc tn s 120Hz.
c) u im v nhc im ca bo hiu knh lin kt:
* u im: do bo hiu knh lin kt tng i c lp vi nhau nn khi c s c
mt knh bo hiu no th cc knh cn li t b nh hng
* Nhc im:
- Thi gian thit lp cuc gi lu do tc trao i thng tin bo hiu chm.
- Dung lng ca bo hiu knh lin kt nh do c s ng dy trung k gii hn
- tin cy ca bo hiu knh lin kt khng cao do khng c ng dy trung k
d phng
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1.3.2 Bo hiu knh chung

a) Khi qut bo hiu knh chung: Bo hiu knh chung l h thng bo hiu s
dng chung mt s hoc mt s ng s liu bo hiu truyn thng tin bo hiu phc
v cho nhiu ng trung k/ s liu
b) Cc h thng bo hiu knh chung:
* H thng bo hiu CCITT6: Ra i nm 1968, c s dng dnh cho cc ng
dy analog v cho lu thoi quc t.
* H thng bo hiu CCITT7: Ra i vo nhng nm 1979-1980 dnh cho c mng
chuyn mch s trong nc v quc t, h thng truyn dn s tc cao (64Kb/s).
c) u im ca h thng bo hiu knh chung:
- Thi gian thit lp cuc gi nhanh do s dng ng truyn s liu tc cao.
Trong hu ht cc trng hp, thi gian thit lp cuc gi gim di mt giy.
- Dung lng ca bo hiu knh chung ln do mi knh bo hiu c th x l tn
hiu bo hiu cho vi nghn cuc gi cng lc.
- tin cy ca bo hiu knh chung cao nh s dng cc tuyn bo hiu linh ng.
- Bo hiu knh chung c linh hot cao v h thng c th mang thng tin ca
nhiu loi tn hiu khc nhau, c th s dng cho nhiu mc ch, khng ch phc v cho
ring thoi.
1.4 Chc nng ca bo hiu:
Bo hiu trong mng vin thng bao gm 3 chc nng c bn:
- Chc nng gim st
- Chc nng tm chn
- Chc nng vn hnh v qun l mng
1.4.1 Chc nng gim st:

Chc nng ny c s dng gim st v pht hin s thay i trng thi ca

cc phn t a ra cc quyt nh x l chnh xc v kp thi
1.4.2 Chc nng tm chn:

H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

Chc nng ny lin quan n th tc thit lp cuc gi, l vic truyn s liu
thu bao b gi v tm tuyn ti u ti thu bao b gi. iu ny phc thuc vo kiu bo
hiu v phng php bo hiu.
1.4.3 Chc nng vn hnh v qun l mng:
Khc vi hai chc nng trn, chc nng vn hnh v qun l mng gip cho vic
s dng mng mt cch hiu qu v ti u nht. N thu thp cc thng tin cnh bo, tn
hiu o lng kim tra thng xuyn thng bo tnh hnh ca cc thit b phn t trong
ton b h thng quyt nh x l ng.

H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

II. TNG QUAN V H THNG BO HIU S 7:

2.1 Gii thiu:
H Thng bo hiu s 7 hay cn gi l SS7, l cm t vit tt ca Signaling System
# 7.
H thng bo hiu s 7 (SS7) l h thng th 2 ca CCITT, ra i vo nhng nm
1979 1980 dnh cho mng chuyn mch s trong nc v quc t, ni c th s dng h
thng truyn dn s tc cao (64Kb/s) hoc cho cc ng dy analog.
H thng bo hiu s 7 ca CCITT khng nhng c thit k iu khin, thit
lp, gim st cho dch v thoi m cn s dng cho cc cuc gi ca dch v phi thoi.
Thch ng vi nhiu loi mng thng tin nh: PSTN, Mobile, Data, ISDN,IN.
SS7 l h thng bo hiu knh chung ti u iu hnh trong mng vin thng s,
n c s phi hp vi cc tng i SPC.
SS7 c th tha mn cc yu cu hin ti v trong tng lai cho cc hot ng
giaodch gia cc b vi x l trong mng vin thng bo hiu iu khin cuc gi, iu
khin t xa, bo hiu qun l v bo dng.
SS7 cung cp cc phng tin tin cy truyn thng tin theo trnh t chnh xc,
khng b mt hoc lp li thng tin.
2.2 u im v nhc im ca h thng bo hiu s 7 (ss7):
a) u im:
Tc nhanh: trong phn ln cc trng hp thi gian thit lp cuc ni di 1s.
L do thng tin bo hiu c truyn trc tip gia cc b vi x l, tn hiu c iu ch
di dng s v theo tc chun 64kb/s ca CCITT.
Dung lng cao: mi knh bo hiu c th x l tn hiu bo hiu cho rt nhiu
cuc gi trong cng mt lc. Nng cao hiu sut ca vic s dng knh thng tin trong
mng.
Tnh kinh t: SS7 cn t thit b hn so vi thit b truyn thng. Mt u im na
l SS7 ch chim knh khi thu bao b gi nhc my
tin cy cao: nh s dng mng bo hiu dnh ring c lp v ln tuyn
truyn tin. Cng vi vic s dng cc m sa sai (nh s dng cc t hp bt pht hin
li, gim st v sa li cho cc bn tin bo hiu).
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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

Tnh mm do: do thc hin vic truyn tin theo gi m tc bo hiu c th thay
i v p ng c nhiu hn cc dch v gi tr gia tng.
b) Nhc im:
Cn d phng cao v ton b bo hiu i chung mt knh, ch cn mt sai st nh l
nh hng ti nhiu knh thng tin.
H thng bo hiu s 7 l h thng tiu biu ca bo hiu knh chung CCS nn cc
thnh phn c bn, cc kiu bo hiu cng ging nh bo hiu knh chung m ta trnh
by trn.
2.3 Cu trc h thng mng bo hiu s 7 (ss7):
Mng bo hiu SS7 v bn cht l mt mng chuyn mch gi hot ng ring bit
v song song vi h thng mng thoi. Cc bn tin c truyn trn mng thc hin cc
chc nng thit lp, duy tr, gii phng v qun tr mng. Cc node cu thnh nn mng
bo hiu c thit k, cu to gm c: cc im bo hiu SP, cc im chuyn tip bo
hiu TP, cc im va bo hiu va chuyn tip bo hiu STP.
2.3.1Cc thnh phn chnh ca mng bo hiu s 7:
a) nh ngha im bo hiu (Signaling Point):
im bo hiu (SP) l mt node (u cui bo hiu) trn mng thc hin vic
chuyn mch thoi cho cc knh thoi v thc hin vic chuyn mch gi cho cc gi tin
ca bo hiu SS7. im bo hiu gi vai tr nh mt tng i (chc nng truyn dn v
nh hng lu lng qua mng) trong mng vin thng Mi im bo hiu c xc
nh duy nht bi mt m im (Point Code - PC).
Cc m im (point code) c mang bn trong bn tin bo hiu xc nh m
im ngun (Origination PC - OPC) v m im ch ( Destination PC - DPC). Mi im
bo hiu s dng bng nh tuyn chon ch n chnh xc cho mi bn tin bo hiu.

Hnh 2.3 Cc thnh phn ca mng bo hiu s 7

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Cc dng ca im bo hiu:

- im chuyn tip dch v: (Service Switching Point SSP):

Mt im SSP gi nhng bn tin bo hiu ti cc SSP khc thit lp, qun l, v
gii phng knh cuc gi c yu cu hon tt 1 cuc gi. mt SSP cng c th gi
bn tin ti im iu khin dch v (SCP) xc nh lm th no nh tuyn hi
mc cao. STP cng thng c trin khai trong nhng gn kt cu hnh mt cuc gi.
- im chuyn tip bo hiu: (Signaling Transfer Points - STP):
L nhng tng i thc hin vic chuyn mch gi nh tuyn lu lng mang
gia cc im bo hiu. Mt im chuyn tip bo hiu STP nh tuyn mi bn tin n
mt s lin kt bo hiu ti u ra da trn thng tin nh tuyn cha trong bn tin bo
hiu SS7, m khng c kh nng x l bn tin ny. Mt STP c th l mt nt nh tuyn
bo hiu thun ty hoc cng c th gm c chc nng ca mt im kt cui bo hiu.
STP hot ng nh l nhng Hub trong mng truyn d liu v vy n nng cao vic s
dng nhiu lin kt trc tip phi cn cc SP. STP cng c s dng lc tch cc bn
tin bo hiueej gia cc mng khc nhau.
- im iu khin dch v bo hiu: (Service Control Points - SCP)
SCP l nhng c s d liu t cung cp nhng thng tin cn thit cho kh
nng x l cuc gi i nhng ng vt l ring bit xc nh nh l mt h thng d
phng. Lu lng mng c tri u trn cc ng lin kt, v vy mt lin kt b tht
bi lu lng bo hiu s c nh tuyn li qua cc ng lin kt khc.
b) Cc kiu kin trc bo hiu:
Trong SS7, khi hai im bo hiu c kh nng trao i bn tin bo hiu vi nhau
thng qua mng bo hiu th gia chng tn ti mt mi lin h bo hiu. Cc lin h bo
hiu ny c th s dng cc phng thc bo hiu khc nhau, trong phng thc bo
hiu c hiu l mi quan h gia vic truyn dn thng tin bo hiu v ng truyn
thoi.
Kiu kt hp: (Associated Mode):
Trn mi tuyn truyn thoi gia hai tng i tn ti song song vi tuyn thoi
mt ng lin kt bo hiu gia hai tng i. y l phng thc bo hiu n gin v t
c s dng bi v mt ng lin kt bo hiu c th gi nhng bn tin bo hiu cho
vi nghn trung k, trong khi hu ht cc nhm trung k lin kt gia 2 tng i ch l hn
100 trung k dn n lng ph ln.

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SP
SP

Hnh: phng thc bo hiu kt hp

Kiu bn kt hp (Quassi Associated Mode) : Cc ng lin kt bo hiu khng
kt ni trc tip v song song vi ng thoi gia 2 tng i. M tri li n l nhng
tuyn lin kt bo hiu c qu giang qua nhiu im truyn bo hiu STP. iu ny lm
tng hiu sut bo hiu ca mng, tng tnh kinh t do tn dng ht lu lng bo hiu
ca cc ng lin kt bo hiu.

SP
SP

STP

STP

Hnh: phng thc bo hiu bn kt hp

c) S phn cp ca mng bo hiu:
V l thuyt ta c th t chc mt vi kiu cu trc mng c kh nng p ng y
cc yu cu bo hiu gia cc tng i u ni vi nhau. Chng hn, mt cu trc m
tt c tng i trong mng u mang chc nng lm STP.
Mt cu trc khc c hnh sao vi mt tng i lm chc nng STP chuyn thng
tin bo hiu ti cc tng i khc ch c chc nng SP. Trn thc t, ngi ta s dng mt
kiu cu trc kt hp c hai cu trc ni trn.

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Mng ny s dng mt s tng i lm chc nng STP. Vic trao i thng tin gia
cc tng i cc vng ln cn nh vy hnh thnh mt mng bo hiu ng trc. Do
, chng ta c mt cu trc gm 3 mc:
Mc 1: STP quc gia
Mc 2: STP khu vc (vng)
Mc 3: im u cui bo hiu SP
Hnh v di y minh ho mt mng bo hiu vi cu trc phn cp:

Hnh 2.3: Mng bo hiu vi cu trc phn cp

Ngoi ra, ho mng quc gia vi mng quc t cn c thm mc mng bo hiu
quc t, vi cc STP quc t nh m t trong hnh 7. Trong thc t cc STP quc t c th
lm c nhim v im chuyn tip bo hiu quc gia nn n cng l STP quc gia.

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Hnh: Mng bo hiu quc t

d) Quan h bo hiu:
Mi cp im bo hiu c quan h bo hiu vi nhau nu nh chng c th giao
tip vi nhau qua mng bo hiu chung.

D
B

Hnh: quan h bo hiu

Tng i A c th giao tip vi tng i C, tng i C li c th giao tip vi tng
i E. iu ny c ngha l tng i A c quan h bo hiu vi tng i C, nhng khng
c quan h vi tng i E.
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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

e)Knh bo hiu v chm bo hiu:

H thng bo hiu knh chung s 7 s dng knh bo hiu chuyn cc bn tin
tn hiu gia hai im bo hiu. Knh bo hiu l mt ng truyn s liu trn mt
phng tin truyn dn.
V vt l knh bo hiu gm kt cui bo hiu mi u ca knh v vi loi mi
trng truyn dn u ni 2 kt cui bo hiu.
Mt s cc knh bo hiu song song u ni trc tip 2 im bo hiu vi nhau to
thnh chum knh bo hiu LS (Link Set). Mi chm knh bo hiu gm 1 n 16 knh
bo hiu.
Mi knh bo hiu trong mng bo hiu c kh nng x l 4096 knh thoi. V l
do an ton ca h thng, phng s c ca ng bo hiu ngi ta s dng 2 ng
bo hiu mc song song hoc nhiu hn v cc ng dy ny cng c xem l mt
chum bo hiu.
2.3.2 Cu trc v chc nng:
H thng bo hiu s 7 c cha thnh mt s khi chc nng:
+ Phn chuyn gian bn tin MTP ( Message Transfer part MTP): y l h thng
vn chuyn chung chuyn bn tin bo hiu s gia 2 SP.
+ Phn ngi s dng (user parts-UP): y thc cht l mt s nh ngha phn
ngi dng s dng khc nhau ty thuc vo kiu s dng ca h thng bo hiu.
MTP: chuyn cc bn tin bo hiu gia cc UP khc nhau v hon ton c lp vi
ni dung bn tin c truyn. MTP chu trch nhim chuyn chnh xc bn tin t mt UP
ny ti mt UP khc. iu c ngha l bn tin bo hiu c kim tra chnh xc trc
khi chuyn cho UP, bn tin bo hiu s khng c li, c chuyn tun t v khng b
mt hoc b gp i.
UP: l phn to ra v phn tch bn tin bo hiu. Chng s dng MTP chuyn
thng tin bo hieeun ti mt UP khc cng loi.
Hin nay trn mng li tn ti cc loi UP sau:
-TUP : Phn s dng in thoi.
-ISUP : Phn s dng cho mng lin kt a dch v (ISDN)
-MTUP: Phn s dng cho mng in thoi di ng.

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-DUP : Phn s dung cho mt s liu

2.4. Chng giao thc bo hiu s 7:
* Bo hiu s 7 c hnh thnh nh mt ng ni ring trong mng. ng ni
ny dng cung cp nhng thng tin bo hiu cho cc nhm ngi dng khc nhau
c gi l phn ngi s dng UP (User Part). l:
- Phn ngi dng in thoi TUP (Telephone User Part).
- Phn s dng cho ISDN( Intergrated Service Digital Network).
- Phn s dng cho s liu DUP (Data Unit Part).
- Phn s dng cho in thoi di ng MTUP( Mobile Telephone User Part).
Tt c cc b phn s dng u dng chung mt ng dn trao i cc thng
tinbo hiu, l phn chuyn giao bn tin MTP (Message Transfer Part). Hin nhin,
ton b hot ng ca h thng bo hiu u gn lin vi cc tng i

TNG I A

TNG I B

Hnh : Cu trc h thng bo hiu s 7

* Phn cp ca h thng bo hiu s 7 gm 4 mc t mc 1 n mc 4, ba mc thp
hn u nm trong phn chuyn giao bn tin MTP. Cc mc ny c gi l MTP mc 1,
MTP mc 2, MTP mc 3 c m t trong hnh.

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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

Hnh: cu trc chc nng ca ss7

* Mc 4 c gi l phn khch hng hay cn gi l phn ngi s dng. Phn
khch hng iu khin cc tn hiu c x l bi cc thit b chuyn mch. C hai ngi
s dng MTP: th nht, l phn ngi s dng ISDN (ISDN User Part) cung cp bo
hiu iu khin cuc gi chuyn mch knh c bn v h tr cc dch v ph ca
ISDN. Ngi dng MTP th hai l Phn iu khin kt ni bo hiu SCCP, cung cp
cc dch v nh tuyn v nh a ch mng khng phi l chuyn mch knh, thng
qua giao thc Cc kh nng bin dch TC ti ngi s dng ca SS7 tc l cc ng
dng. Cc ng dng ca SS7 yu cu phi truy nhp n c s d liu xa v cc node,
do yu cu kh nng nh a ch mng.
* Mi tng quan gia SS7 v OSI: H thng bo hiu s 7 l mt kiu thng tin s
liu chuyn mch gi, n c cu trc theo kiu module rt ging vi m hnh OSI,
nhng n ch c 4 mc.
Ba mc thp nht hp thnh phn chuyn giao bn tin MTP, mc th t gm cc
phn ng dng. SS7 khng hon ton ph hp vi OSI. Mi tng quan gia SS7 v OSI
c m t trong hnh v sau:

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Hnh: Mi tng quan gia h thng bo hiu s 7 v OSI

2.4.1 MTP-1lp lin kt d liu bo hiu.
MTP-1 tng ng vi lp vt l. ( lp 1) trong m hnh OSI. Lp MTP-1 chu
trchnhim chuyn i d liu vo trong d.ng bt truyn i trn mng. lp ny chu
trch nhim v c tnh in, c tnh vt l. v chc nng ca ng bo hiu.
Cc knh s liu bo hiu c th l s hoc analog nh l DS1 (1.544 Mbps), E1(2.048
Mbps), DS0 (64kbps) v DSoA (56kbps). Knh s c thit lp bi cc knh truyn dn
s v cc b chuyn mch s. knh analog c thit lp bi nhng knh truyn dn
analog c tn s thoi (4 KHz) v cc MODEM thoi.
2.4.2 MTP-2 lp lin kt bo hiu
Xc nh chc nng v th tc bo m cc bn tin c th c truyn qua cc
ng lin kt bo hiu. MTP-2 cung cp cc chc nng pht hin, sa li, khi pht hin
li trn ng truyn th. thc hin vic truyn li v phn pht tun t cc gi tin trn
mng. Cng nh m hnh OSI, lp ny ch lin quan n vic truyn dn cc bn tin t
cc trm ny n trm tip theo trong mng m khng lin quan n vic nh tuyn cc
gi tin trn mng.

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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

2.4.3 MTP-3 lp mng

Lp 3 cung cp cc chc nng x l. bn tin v qun tr mng. Chc nng x l bn
tin l nhng chc nng nh tuyn, phn loi, iu khin lu long v phn phi bn tin.
Chc nng qun tr mng gm cc chc nng qun tr knh, qun tr lu lng, v nh
tuyn.
2.4.4Lp 4 lp ngi dng
Lp 4 c chia thnh cc mc con khc nhau, vi cc giao thc khc nhau. Bao
gm chnh y l phn ngi dng (ISUP, TUP), phn ng dng (TCAP, SCCP,
OMAP).

Hnh: cc lp bo hiu ss7

a ) Phn iu khin kt ni bo hiu SCCP ( Signalling Connection Control Part):
Phn iu khin kt ni bo hiu SCCP cung cp cc chc nng b xung cho MTP
cung cp cc chc nng chuyn giao gia cc thnh phn nh TCAP, OAMP, ASE,
ISUP. MTP ch s dng nh m. im xc nh ch n ca bn tin. Tuy nhin vi
SCCP s dng nhiu hn cc phng php l. thuyt a ch bo m d liu c th t.m
n nhng ch ca n. SCCP cung cp cc kh nng nh tuyn end to end v point to
point, trong khi MTP ch c kh nng nh tuyn point to point, SCCP c.n cung cp cc
chc nng phin dch a ch nh tuyn chnh xc cc bn tin truyn trn mng ti
ch n. SCCP s dng c 2 phng thc truyn dn c kt ni v phng php truyn
dn khng kt ni.
SCCP kt hp vi MTP gi l phn dch v mng NSP (Network Service Part)
tng ng vi ba tng thp nht trong m h.nh OSI.
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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

b) Phn ng dng kh nng giao dch TCAP (Transaction Capabilities Application

Part):
TCAP cung cp mt h thng chung v tng qut cho vic truyn thng tin gia hai
nt. N m bo nhiu loi ng dng khc nhau v hu ch cc tng i v cc trung
tm c bit trong cc mng vin thng.TCAP thuc lp tng ng nh ltrong lp 7
ca m hnh OSI. N phc v cc i tng s dng TC (dch v di ng,gi in bng
th) v s dng phn dch v mng NSP truyn cc bn tin. Tng qut TCAP c s
dng truy cp c s d liu, h tr cc chc nng c yu cu kt ni m rng bn
ngoi.
c) Phn s dng dch v tch hp ISUP (Integrated Service User Part)
L mt giao thc cho iu khin cuc gi v cc th tc bo dng trung k trong c
hai mng, mng thoi v mng ISDN. ISUP xc nh giao thc s dng thit lp, qun
l, v gii phng cc ng trung k, nhng trung k mang c thoi v d liu gia cc
tng i s.
ISUP cung cp cc chc nng cho c phn ngi dng in thoi TUP (Telephone
User Part) v ngi dng s liu DUP (Data User Part).
d) Phn ngi dng in thoi TUP (Telephone User Part)
Phn ngi dng in thoi c s dng thit lp, duy tr. v gii phng cuc
gi. C rt nhiu phn ngi dng in thoi, hoc tn ti hoc ang c pht trin.
TUP iu khin cuc gi trong tng i in thoi bng cch trao i bo hiu vi cc
tng i khc. Tuy nhin do TUP c nhiu hn ch m ngy nay giao thc khng cn
c s dng na m thay bng ISUP.
e) Phn vn hnh, qun l v bo dng OMAP
OMAP xc nh cc bn tin v giao thc ci m h tr vic qun l. mng SS7.
Cc dch v ca OMAP c th c s dng kim tra, xc nhn c s d liu
c nh tuyn trn mng v chun on cc vn xay ra trn cc ng lin kt.
Thc hin cc chc nng c lin quan n vn qun l. mng, lin quan n vn hnh
mng v bo dng mng bo hiu. OMAP tong ng vi lp ng dng trong m h.nh
OSI.

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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

Hnh: Kin trc giao thc SS7 v m hnh OSI

- Cc lp t 4 n 6 ca m hnh OSI ng vi phn dch v ngi s dng ca SS7.
tin cy m nhng giao thc hng kt ni trong m hnh OSI ny cung cp c thc
hin bng cc phng thc khc trong cc giao thc ca phn cc khc nng bin dch TC
- Mc d ISUP thng c biu din m rng t lp 3 ti lp 7 nhng iu
khng c ngha l tt c cc lp gia c xc nh. Thc t, n ch cho thy l ISUP
lin quan n vic bin dch cc tn hiu thit lp cuc gi ban u ca ngi s dng
nhanh cc giao thc bo hiu thit lp cuc gi SS7, v cng tng tc vi cc giao thc
truyn bn tin mc thp hn ca MTP
- S khc nhau ln nht gia SS7 v OSI u tin l th tc thng tin trong mng.
M hnh OSI m t s trao i s liu c nh hng, gm 3 pha thc hin l thit lp u
ni, chuyn s liu v gii phng u ni.Cn trong SS7, MTP ch cung cp dch v vn
chuyn khng nh hng ch c pha chuyn s liu ,do vy vic chuyn s liu s nhanh
hn nhng vi s lng t.
- OSI khng nhng to ra mi trng rng m hn, m cn c ngha l sn xut v
qun l c th tp trung trong cc ng dng v s khng cn cc vn v u ni cc h
thng vi nhau t cc nh cung cp khc nhau. Cu trc module ca OSI cn cho php s
dng trc tip cc thit b c trong cc ng dng mi. OSI kt ni cc lnh vc cch bit
l x l s liu v vin thng li vi nhau.
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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

III. NG DNG CA BO HIU S 7 TRONG MNG VIN THNG

- Vic trin khai bo hiu s 7 vo mng vi thng quc gia hin nay c thc
s bt u thng 12-1997 vi s ph trch trin khai bo hiu s 7 ca Tng cc bu in
v do vin khoa hc k thut phi hp vi cc Cng ty khai thc vin thng trong ngnh
trc tip thc hin. TInh thn ca vic xy dng mng bo hiu s 7 trong giai on hin
nay l xy dng mng c tnh kh thi cao v to s chun b tch cc cho s pht trin
mng li trong tng li gn.
- Ni bt nht l mng bo hiu s 7 kh hon thin ca 2 mng di ng: Vinaphone
v VMS, c bit l mng bo hiu s 7 ca Vinaphone hon thin theo tiu chun
cng ngh hin i nht Chu u, do mng ny thc s pht huy c li ch ca
bo hiu s 7 trong vic thit lp h thng qun l iu hnh tp trung TMN-OMC ca
Vinaphone. C th ni mng bo hiu s 7 ca 2 cng ty in thoi di ng l nhng dn
chng rt thuyt phc v li ch ca bo hiu s 7 trong mng vin thng s a dch v.
Th nhng v ton cnh vin thng quc gia th h thng bo hiu vn cn nhiu tn ti,
trn mng vin thng quc gia hin nay ang s dng hn hp hai kiu bo hiu l R2 v
C7Mc d hin ti vic s dng hn hp 2 kiu bo hiu ny vn p ng c phn lp
cc dch v thng tin ch yu l thoi ,tuy nhin tng thi gian hin nay nhu cu mt
mng a dch v ang pht trin mnh i hi s trin khai bo hiu s 7 ngy cng cp
thit.

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H Thng Bo Hiu S 7

KT LUN
Qua thi gian nghin cu tm hiu v h thng bo hiu s 7 v ng dng vo
mng vin thng Vit Nam.
C th ni c nhng u im sau:
+ tin cy trong qu trnh chuyn giao mi bn tin bo hiu.
+ Hiu qu s dng knh bo hiu cao nht.
+ C khn nng giao tip s dng gia mng in thoi vi cc mng khc
+ H thng bo hiu s 7 vi nhng u im ca n cho php nng cao tc
truyn dn tnh hiu, nng cao tin cy iu ny to nn tnh a dng ca tng i s
ni chung.
n nay c gn 100% tuyn quc t v ang s dng SS7 ,60% tuyn quc
gia s dng SS7. iu a chng mnh hiu qu v tim nng ca SS7 l rt ln.
Vi mt tng c tin cy cao, SS7 trong tng i ang ng vi tro quan
trng trong vic nng cao cht lng dihcj v, a cc dch v mi vo mng v cng
chuyn mnh ATM. Vi s h tr ca SS7 ca tng i in t s l mng sn sng cho
mng th h tip theo ca Tng cng ty Bu chnh vin thng Vit Nam.

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