Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Biology of Cancer Chapter 14
Biology of Cancer Chapter 14
Weinberg
Chapter 14:
Moving Out:
Invasion and Metastasis
Copyright Garland Science 2007
CT-PET fusion
image of
a lymphoma
patient
Endothelial cells
Section 1.
The structure of
basement membrane
(specialized ECM)
Hemidesmosome is
composed of integrin
and laminin
Patterns of Invasion
Lobular
carcinoma
of breast
Melanoma cells
Intra-vital microscopy
Green: plasma
Red: RBC
Confocal microscopy
Green: rat fibrosarcoma cell
Red: LDL of the arteriole
Extravasation
Diapedesis
Cancer cell push aside the
endothelial cells, reach
basement membrane
Section 2.
Colonization represents the most
complex and challenging step of
the invasion-metastasis cascade
Section 3.
The epithelial-mesenchymal
transition and associated loss of Ecadherin expression enable
carcinoma cells to become invasive
Green: actin
Red: cytokeratin
Section 4.
The epithelial-mesenchymal
transition is often induced by
stromal signals
Reversibility of EMT:
Release of degradative enzymes, such as MMPs, is noted in EMT.
EMT may be triggered by the signals from the tumor associated stroma
Red: CK18
Green: basement membrane
Laminin-2
Vimentin
NF-kB signaling was necessary for EMT in the EpRas cell line
Figure 14.21 The Biology of Cancer ( Garland Science 2007)
TAM(+)
TAM (-)
Section 5.
EMTs are programmed by
transcription factors that orchestrate
key steps of embryogenesis
Slug
transcription
factor in
wound
healing
Similarities
between EMT
signaling
during
embryogenesis
and tumor
progression
Red: fibroblast
Green: degraded
collagen IV
Elevated MMP-2
imparted increased
invasiveness to the
breast cancer cells
Figure 14.31c The Biology of Cancer ( Garland Science 2007)
Section 6.
Extracellular proteases play key
roles in invasiveness
Tumorassociated
macrophages
Podosomes are small, focal protrusions from the cell surface, that
are used to degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) of immediate
vicinity. In cancer cells, they can also be called as invadosomes
uPA: urokinase
plasminogen
activator
Section 7.
Small Ras-like GTPases control
cellular processes including
adhesion,cell shape,and cell motility
Lamellipodia of a fibroblast
Red: actin Green:Ena protein
Figure 14.36b The Biology of Cancer ( Garland Science 2007)
Green: actin
Filopodia
The circuitry
mediating EGFinduced cell
motility
Section 8.
Metastasizing cells can use
lymphatic vessels to disperse from
the primary tumor
Section 9.
A variety of factors govern the
organ sites in which disseminated
cancer cells form metastases
Section 10.
Metastasis to bone requires the
subversion of osteoblasts and
osteoclasts
Parathyroid hormone
related peptides
Figure 14.48 The Biology of Cancer ( Garland Science 2007)
Section 11.
Metastasis suppressor genes
contribute to regulating the
metastatic phenotype
Section 12.
Occult micrometastases threaten
the long-term survival of cancer
patients
The End