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ch15 Sec1
ch15 Sec1
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Bellringer
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Objectives
Identify the major causes of malnutrition.
Compare the environmental costs of producing different
types of food.
Explain how food distribution problems and drought can
lead to famine.
Explain the importance of the green revolution.
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Sources of Nutrition
Diet is the type and amount of food that a person eats. A
healthy diet is one that maintains a balance of the right
amounts of nutrients, minerals, and vitamins.
The foods produced in the greatest amounts worldwide
are grains, plants of the grass family whose seeds are
rich in carbohydrates.
Besides eating grains, most people eat fruits,
vegetables, and smaller amounts of meats, nuts, and
other foods that are rich in fats and proteins.
Sources of Nutrition
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Food Efficiency
The efficiency of a given type of agriculture is a measure
of the quantity of food produced on a given area of land
with limited inputs of energy and resources.
An ideal food crop is one that efficiently produces a large
amount of food with little negative impact on the
environment.
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Food Efficiency
On average, more energy, water, and land are used to
produced a Calorie of food from animals than to produce
a Calorie of food from plants.
Animals that are raised for human use are usually fed
plant matter, but because less energy is available at
each level on a food chain, only about 10 percent of the
energy from the plants gets stored in the animals.
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Food Efficiency
Thus, a given area of land can usually produce more
food for humans when it is used to grow plants than
when it is used to raise animals.
The efficiency of raising plants for food is one reason
why diets around the world are largely based on plants.
However, meat from animals generally provides more
nutrients per gram than most food from plants.
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Unequal Distribution
If all the food in the world today were divided equally
among the human population, no one would have quite
enough food for good health.
But food is not divided equally, and malnutrition is largely
the result of poverty. Even in the United States, many
poor people suffer from malnutrition.
Wars and political strife can also lead to malnutrition
because they interrupt transportation systems.
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Math Practice
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