2 + 1 ro2 + ri 2

=
is a function of cylinder geometry only.
where Cti = 2
1 ro2 ri 2
r (r = ri ) = r ,max = pi

Natural Boundary Condition

(T-2)

Longitudinal stress depends upon end conditions:

pi Cli

Capped Ends

(T-3a)

Uncapped Ends

(T-3b)

l =
0

where Cli =

1
.
1
2

Design Case 2: External Pressure Only

The critical section is identified by considering the state of stress at two

points on the cylinder: r = ri and r = ro. Substituting pi = 0 into Text
Eqs. (4-50) for each case:
r = ri

r (r = ri ) = 0

Natural Boundary Condition

t (r = ri ) = t ,max = po
where, Cto =
r = ro

2ro2
2 2
=

= poCto
p
o
2 1
ro2 ri2

(T-4a)

(T-4b)

2ro2
2 2
=
.
2 1 ro2 ri 2

r (r = ro ) = r ,max = po Natural Boundary Condition (T-5a)

t (r = ro ) = po

ro2 + ri2
2 +1
=

p
= poCti
o
2 1
ro2 ri2

(T-5b)

Longitudinal stress for a closed cylinder now depends upon external

pressure and radius while that of an open-ended cylinder remains zero:
poClo

Capped Ends

(T-6a)

Uncapped Ends

(T-6b)

l =
0

Shigley, Mischke & Budynas

Machine Design Tutorial 415: Pressure Vessel Design

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