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Triangles : Exercise 7.3 (Mathematics NCERT Class

9th)

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Q.1ABCandDBCaretwoisoscelestrianglesonthesamebaseBCandvertices
AandDareonthesamesideofBC(seefigure).IfADisextendedtointersectBCatP,
showthat
(i)ABD AC D
(ii)ABP AC P
(iii)APbisectsA aswellasD
(iv)APistheperpendicularbisectorofBC.

(http://dronstudy.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/12/201.png)Sol.
(i)Ins ABDandACD,wehave
AB=AC[Given]
BD=DC[Given]
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andAD=AD[Common]
ThereforebySSScriterionofcongruence,wehave ABD AC D
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(ii)Ins ABPandACP,wehave
AB=AC[Given]
BAP = P AC

[Since ABD AC D
BAD = DAC BAP = P AC
andAP=AP[Common]
ThereforeBySAScriterionofcongruence,wehave ABP
(iii)Since ABD AC D.Therefore,BAD
ADbisectsA APbisectsA ...(1)
Ins BDPandCDP,wehave
BD=CD[Given]
BP=PC[Since ABP AC P BP=PC]
andDP=DP[Common]
BySSScriterionofcongruence,wehave
BDP

C DP

DPbisectsD APbisectsD ...(2)

Combining(1)and(2),weget
APbisectsA aswellasD
BDP = P DC

(iv)SinceAPstandsonBC
ThereforeAP B + AP C =180[LinearPairs]
ButAP B = AP C [Provedabove]
ThereforeAP B = AP C =
= 90
AlsoBP=PC[Provedabove]
APisperpendicularbisectorofBC.
o

180
2

AC P

= DAC

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Q.2ADisanaltitudeofanisoscelestriangleABCinwhichAB=AC.Showthat
(i)ADbisectsBC(ii)ADbisectsA .
Sol.
ADisthealtitudedrawnfromvertexAofanisosceles ABCtotheoppositebaseBCsothat
AB=AC,ADC = ADB = 90.
Now,ins ADBandADC,wehave
Hyp.AB=Hyp.AC[Given]
AD=AD[Common]
andADC = ADB[SinceEach=90]
ThereforeByRHScriterionofcongruence,wehave

(http://dronstudy.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/12/212.png) ADB ADC

BD=DCandBAD = DAC
[Sincecorrespondingpartsofcongruenttriangleareequal]
Hence,ADbisectsBC,whichproves(i)andADbisectsA ,whichproves(ii).

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Q.3 Two sides AB and BC and median AM of one triangle ABC are respectively
equaltosidesPQandQRandmedianPNofPQR(seefigure).Showthat:
(i)ABM P QN
(ii)ABC P QR

(http://dronstudy.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/12/234.png)Sol.
Twos ABCandPQRinwhichAB=PQ,BC=QRandAM=PN.
SinceAMandPNaremedianofs ABCandPQRrespectively.
Now,BC=QR[Given]
1

 BC = QR(Mediandividesoppositesidesintwoequalparts)
BM=QN...(1)
Now,ins ABMandPQNwehave
AB=PQ[Given]
BM=QN[From(i)]
andAM=PN[Given]
ThereforeBySSScriterionofcongruence,wehave
ABM P QN ,whichproves(i)
B = Q ...(2)
[Since,correspondingpartsofcongruenttriangleareequal]
Now,ins ABCandPQRwehave
AB=PQ[Given]
B = Q [From(2)]
BC=QR[Given]
ThereforeBySAScriterionofcongruence,wehave
ABC P QR,whichproves(ii)

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Q.4BEandCFaretwoequalaltitudesofatriangleABC.UsingRHScongruence

rule,provethatthetriangleABCisisosceles.
Sol.
Ins BCFandCBE,wehave
BF C = C EB [SinceEach=90]
Hyp.BC=Hyp.BC[Common]
FC=EB

(http://dronstudy.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/12/124.png)ThereforeByR.H.S.criterionof
congruence,wehave
BC F

C BE

= EC B
[Sincecorrespondingpartsofcongruenttrianglesareequal]
Now,in ABC
ABC = AC B [SinceF BC = EC B ]
AB=AC
[Sincesidesoppositetoequalanglesofatriangleareequal]
Therefore ABC isanisoscelestriangle.
F BC

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Q.5ABCisanisoscelestrianglewithAB=AC.DrawAPBCtoshowthat
B = C

Sol.
Ins ABPandACP,wehave
AB=AC[Given]
AP=AP[Common]
andAP B = AP C [Sinceeach=90]
Therefore,byR.H.S.criterionofcongruencewehave

(http://dronstudy.com/wpcontent/uploads/2013/12/26.png) ABP
B = C
[Sincecorrespondingpartsofcongruenttrianglesareequal]

AC P

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