, 2014

5.
,

,
107017/2006.
,
, .
.

5.1.

5.1.1.

(.) , 1960-2013.
.. ,
, 12 km

(1960-2013). 260 06' ,
0
35 12' , 115 m
( / ).
.
(1960 2013) 5.1-1 .

5-1
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1-1: (1960-2013)

12,2

15,2

9,6

29,2

1,0

71,6

1015,5

12,2

15,4

9,4

26,6

0,2

1014,4

13,6

16,8

10,4

30,4

1,0

1012,6

16,6

20,0

12,6

36,0

1012,8

20,3

23,5

15,8

1011,6

24,1

27,2

19,8

1009,5

25,9

28,6

22,5

(M.S.L)

1016,5

(mm)

24

4,5

93,6

69,6

4,3

70,3

4,3

67,7

71,7

4,7

68,5

3,9

53,5

60,6

4,5

4,7

64,4

3,3

24,6

60,8

4,0

35,8

7,2

62,6

2,3

11,9

40,0

3,6

39,2

11,4

59,8

1,0

2,3

20,9

4,3

40,6

13,8

61,1

0,5

0,2

7,5

5,6

(m/s)

1010,1

25,8

28,5

22,5

41,0

15,2

63,4

0,6

1,0

10,6

5,4

1013,4

23,6

26,6

20,2

36,4

11,3

66,0

1,4

17,8

124,8

4,3

1015,8

20,3

23,6

17,1

36,0

7,6

69,1

2,8

49,6

69,8

3,8

1016,9

16,8

20,2

13,9

32,2

3,4

71,0

3,6

62,4

81,5

3,8

1016,2

13,8

16,9

11,2

27,1

2,5

71,8

4,4

96,2

188,3

4,3

1013,8

18,8

21,9

15,41

41,0

0,2

66,6

2,7

480,7

4,4

5-2
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1.1.1.

.. 1960-2013,
25,9C
25,7C,
12,2oC ( 5.1-1). 13,7C.
( ) 41,0C
40,6C 39,2C. ,
0,2C.

5.1.1.2.
480,7 mm. 0,2
mm () 93,6 mm
( 5.1-1).

5.1.1.3.
.
4,4m/s. .

5.1.1.4.

. (1,44,5)
(, , )
(0,5-1,0).

. , ,
, ,
.

0C.

5-3
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1.1.5.

(, , , )

.

Emberger ( ) (, 1986):

Q2 =

2000 p
( 273 + M ) 2 ( 273 + m) 2

:
Q2
p

=
=
=
=

( mm)
( C)
( C)

, :

Q2 =

2000 480,7
= 85,74
( 273 + 28,6) 2 ( 273 + 9,4) 2

Q2 .
, Emberger :

()

-: ,
, , .
(m oC) :
7 C < m
= -, .

3 C < m < 7 C = , , .

5-4
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

0C < m < 3C = , .
-10C < m < 0oC = , , , .
m < -10oC = , , .

(Q2) , .

5.1.2. -
,
, ,
, ,
.
(2)
. , ,
208 m.
92 m.

.
(2) (
150-360 m, 100-230 m). 3.100
, 11.600 m
2.800 , 11.000 m.

25.000 .

,
.
/ ( 250 m)
,
.
39,4 km
. (200 m),
(max = 230 m),
. ,
,
, .
,
.

5-5
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
.
0 () 120
.
,
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).
,
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5.1.3. -

5.1.3.1.

, ,
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( 5.1-1).

5-6
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1-1:

-
.
()

:
()
()
, .

5-7
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

()

,
. 4-5 m.
()
.

. , , .

, , , ,

.

( , )
.

, 300 m .

( )
( ).

. , -,


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.

() .
. ,
, .
,
. , ,

5-8
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

() .

.
()

, , , , ,
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. ,

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.
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.
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.
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.

-
. .

5-9
ECHMES Ltd.



, 2014

,

-


.
5.1.3.2.

...
. (2000)
17/115/9/275 (
1154/12-8-2003)
1154/12
1 2004,

.
0,24,

: = g ( g )
). 5.1-2
.
.
.

5.1-2: (:
(
, 2003)

5-10
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1.4.
,
:
, ,

, , 2013.
4 ... ,
, 2005.

5.1.4.1.

, :
1.

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( 1)

( 1:
).
.
( ).
( 2)
69,560Km2
.

, , , , , .
.
, ,

( ).

.
()
.

5-11
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

.
( 3)
,
25,67Km2, 272m .
( 4)
H , 74,63Km2,
383m .

5-12
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1-3: ( 1:75.000, :
4 ..., 2005)

5-13
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

2.
( ).
(
),
, 5
.
3.
.
, ,

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,
.

.. 2467/2005 ( 1405//23.12.2005)
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,
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5.1.4.2.
( 5.1-4) :

( 2)
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(
1)
(
2)
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3)
:
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5-14
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

.
.

, .
,
, 10 15
.

, .
,
,
,
.
,
.

5-15
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1-4: (: ,
2013)

5.1-4,
: ( )
.
,

5-16
ECHMES Ltd.



, 2014

,
,

,
Prin
inceton Transport Code (PTC),
..



5.1-5.

5.1-5:

(:
, 2013)

5.1-5
, (
), (
) ( ).

.



.

25 m


13 m.

,

.


.

5-17
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,

.

. 1965 2013.
5.1-6
. 5.1-6
1965-2013,
1989-2013.

5.1-6: .
1965-2013 (: , 2013)

5-18
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

(1990-2013)
( )
209 mm 2012-2013 940 mm
2002-2003 520 mm .
2010-2011 2012-2013

.

.
.
2004 2013,
5.1-2:

5.1-2: ,
2004 2013 (: , 2013)

2004
2013

(m3/h)
(m3/h)

13

100

85

12 18 24,

100 m3/h,

.

14

80

50

15

80

16

60

17

92

18

45

28

26-30

70

60

25

12 18 24,

80 m3/h,

.
20 24,

60 m3/h,

.

10 24,

45 m3/h.

0-28, 38-50, 70-112, 181-225

.
130 181
m.

2004 2013.
,
400 mm,
.

5-19
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1.4.3.

, 4 ... , 2005.

5.1.4.3.1.


. ,
:
: 40,584 x 106 m3
: 25,783 x 106 m3 ( 63%)
: 4,577 x 106 m3 ( 11%)
: 11,226 x 106 m3 ( 26%)
11,226x106 m3,

.
3,976x 06 m3 (1,606 + 0,210 + 2,160), 2,370x106 m3,
1,606x106 m3, .
2,682x106 m3, 0,360x106 m3,
0,722x106 m3, (0,558 + 0,164)
1,846x106 m3, . ,

5.1-3.

5.1-3:

(m3)

2.370.000
722.000
3.092.000

1.606.000
1.846.000
3.452.000

3.976.000
2.568.000
6.544.000

,
. ()
,

5-20
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

( ).
, ,
,
. ,
.

.
, ,
5.1-4.

5.1-4:

(m3 x 106)

27,110

19,269

4,287

3,555

3,555 x 106 m3
, ,
.
5.1-5.

5.1-5:

(m3 x 106)

2,682

0,344

0,529

3,555

,
,
.
.
, ,
. ,
,
(2,682 x 106 m3),
, 5.1-3.

5-21
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1.4.3.2.

.
.


. -

5.1-6.

5.1-6:

(m2)

(mm)

45,871,000
86,534,000

522
733

53%
53%

50%
100%

(m3)
6,345,335
33,617,594
39,962,929

,

39,9 x 106m3 .

, ,
. ,

, .


.
5.1-7.

5-22
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1-7:
(m3 x 106)

1,502

1,051

0,218

0,233

-

.
, .
5.1-8 5.1-9.

5.1-8:
(m3 x 106)

6,732

4,712

0,976

1,044

5.1-9: -

(m3 x 106)

2,234

1,787

0,045

0,402

, , ,
, . , ,
, .

5-23
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

, 5.1-10
.
.

5.1-10:





-
-
-

(106m3)
6,345
33,618
2,682
0,233
1,044
0,402
44,324

.
44,3 .

5.1.5.

5.1.5.1.
,
, , ,
,

(N. 1650/86 2).
,
(, ,
, ,
, ...).
,

( ).

5-24
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1-7.
( )
90%
.

15

2%

29%

16%

7%

46%

15%

16
48
16

16%

5%

16%

48%

5.1-7:
(.
, , 2002)

,
, : , ,
, /
, ... ( 5.1-8).

, .

. ,
.
( ), .

5-25
ECHMES Ltd.



, 2014

5.1-8:

,
.

5.1.5.2.
: (SO2),
(NO2), (NOx), (CO), (
), ,
,
(..).

,

(deposited nuisance dust).
,
, ,

.
,
, ,


,
. 2008
:
1996/62/

.
1999/30/
, ,

, .

5-26
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

2000/69/
.
2002/3/ .
2004/107/ (... 22306/1075/103 920/08.06.07)
, , ,
.
2008/50/ 21
2008
(.. .. 14122/549/.103/2011 - 488//30.3.2011).

3277/209/2000 (180), 34/30.5.2002 (125),

9238/332/(405) 38638/2016/2005 ( 1334//21-09-2005)
96/62/, 1999/30/,
2000/69/ 2002/3/, .. ..
14122/549/.103/2011 ( 488//30.3.2011).

5.1-11

.

5-27
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1-11:
/

(SO2)

(g/m3)

3501

125

24

40

( 14212:2005)

.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011

( 14211:2005)

.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011

(NO2 x)

200

(3)

1204

UV (ISO FDIS 13964)

(C6H6)

,
( CEN)

(CO)

10.000 (10
mg/m)

(NDIR)

6
7
8

()
. . .
(PAH)

10

.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011
.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011
.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011
.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011

11641/2002

22306/2007

505

24

40

2,5

256

(Pb)

0,5

10

(Cd)

0,005

11

(As)

0,006

12

(Ni)

0,020

1
(

10,
31/12/2012)

13

(())

0,001

14

(Hg)

10 g/ (
, US.EPA)

10
(
12341:1999)

.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011

2,5
(
14907:2005)

.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011

10

ICP (
14902:2005)
10
12341:1999

.. .. 14122/549/.
103/2011

22306/2007

22306/2007

: 24

24 : 3

: 18

: 25 3

24 : 35

1/1/2015. : 20% 11-6-2008 1 0% 1

2015.
2020: 20g/m3 2013.

5-28
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.1.5.3.

. ,
, ..

( )
. ,
.
,
, .
, ,

.
2004 ( , ,
),
& , ...,
2005.

,
. CO
(..)
.

,
...

5.2.

5.2.1.
,

, 107017/2006.
, , ,

.

5-29
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

, 2005.

, : ,
(GR4320006), ,
- (...), 1996.

, : ,
(GR4320006) , ,
, , 1998.

- GR4320006, , 3, 3.3, ,
2001.

()
.. (
498 2-10-2009)

- . .

20
.

5.2.2.
NATURA 2000

. : ()
,
( 79/409/, 2009/147/)
() 92/43/
2007.

. GR4320009 3.746
ha, . ,
()
GR432006, 13.072,50 ha. ,
./ 121/
170//6.8.1973 GR4320006.
, GR4320011 ,
, 8 ,
.

5-30
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
3,2 . - .
( GR4320006)
( GR4320009), ..
, 150
.
.
, . 953/10-05-2001 ( 800//26-06-2001)
,
() ,
, 1.000 . ,
, , ,
.
. . 3441/17-09-2012
/ , / ,

3.538,830 .
,
.
2, ,
,
. , ,
.
, 112 . 3.538,830 .
1
.

5.2.3. -


.

. 2003 2012.

.

5, .

5-31
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
5420.

5.2.3.1.
,
(
) ( ),
,
.
H
Prasio majoris-Ceratonietum siliquae.

: - ,

, ,
(, 1996).
, ,
,

.
, ,
.
, ,
7 .

, ,

, .
.
(
) (, 1996)
(Phoenix theophrastii).
(Pistacia
lentiscus), 1-2m, ,
(Ceratonia siliqua).
,

5-32
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
.
.
Salvia fruticosa ().
,
, , ,
. ,
(Nerium oleander).
,
,
1950 .
.

, . ,
.
, , :
)
, ,
(Phoenix
theofrastii).
,
.
)
.

5.2.3.2.

, 5.2-1
.
92/43/EOK. 92/43/EOK
(*). NATURA 2000

(1999). 5.2-1
:
)
) /
)
)
)

5-33
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

)
) ,
)
.

5-34
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-1: (: . , 2001, 1996)

/

NATURA

Corine

.
(92/43/EOK)

1.
542010
33.31

Sarcopoterium spinosum

3-2

2.

542011

33.35

Genista acathoclada Erica manipuliflora

3-2

3.

542012

33.37

Genista acathoclada

3-2

4.

542020

33.36

Corydothymus capitatus

3-2

5.

542030

32.531

Cistus creticus

3-2

6.

542040

34.532

Ononis spinosa

3-2

3
3

1
2

2
2

3-2

7.

124011

18.22

8.

211021

16.2112

3-2

9.

821710

62.171

(
)

10.

124012

18.22

Limonium & Cichorium spinosum

3-2

11.

3290

24.16
24.53

3-2

33.132

(Juniperus phoenicea) Erica

manipuliflora

3-2

3-2

1-2

12.

5212

13.

622010

34.532

)
.
)
.

14.

622030

34.623

15.

9320

32.123

) (Pistacia lentiscus)

3-2

45.12

3-2

(Nerium oleander)

3-2

3-2

16.
17.

92D010

44.181

18.

8310

65

, , 5.2-2.

5-35
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-2:
(: . , 2001, 1996)
.

(92/43/

EOK)

(Juniperus
2250
16.27
*
phoenicea)
3-2
3
3
3
1
2
1
3

3170
22.34
*
3-2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1


9370
45.7
*
( )
3-2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3


1120
11.34
*
3
3
3
3
1
3
1
3
Posidonia oceanica

: 92/43/EOK (*)
: (1999) 92/43/EOK
: Jalas-Sakop. 3 3-2
.
: 1: , 2: , 3: .
: 1: , 2: , 3:
: . 1: , 2: , 3: 4:
: .
% (p), 1: (2%>p>0%), 2: (15%>p>2%), 3: (100%>p>15%).
: 1: , 2: , 3:
: 1: , 2: , - 3:
: . 1: 2: 3:

NATURA Corine

5-36
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2.3.3. -

.

Corydothymus capitatus (), Genista acanthoclada ()
Erica manipuliflora (),

.

Cistus creticus (),
.

5.2-1: Genista acanthoclada Erica manipuliflora

542010 ( Sarcopoterium spinosum) 542040

( Ononis spinosa)
. 9320 ( Pistacia
lentiscus)
, .
, , .

50-70 .
, 1,5-2m,
.

5-37
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-2: (Pistacia lentiscus)

(Juniperus phoenicea) .

5212 ( Juniperus phoenicea)
Erica manipuliflora).
.
.
2250 ( (Juniperus phoenicea)
) .
92/43/EOK
:

622010*
. .

622030*
.
,
.2 ,
.
( 622010 622030)

.
,
622030 (

5-38
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

) 821710 (
, .5
, ).
, 95%
,

Jalas-Sakop,
.
.
, (622010
) 622030 (
)

92/43/EOK 7 .
, (.
5.2-2 5, )
.
94/43/:
2250* ( (Juniperus phoenicea)
). ,
, .5
, .
3170* ( ).

, ,
.
9370* ( ). A
.
(Rhychophorus ferrugineus)
(Phoenix canariensis)
.
- P. canariensis P. dactylifera,
.
,
.
1120* ( Posidonia oceanica).
(Vai Scuba Diving Club) GPS
10m 5,
, :
, , , , ,

5-39
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

, , .
.5 ,
.

5.2.3.4.

,
.
2012. ,
.
.
Carlina sitiensis
.

:

.
5.2-3
, ,
, 5.2-4
/ .

5.2-3:

1.
Allium bourgeaui ssp. creticum
2.
Anthemis filicaulis
3.
Asperula crassula
4.
Asperula rigida
5.
Bellevalia sitiaca
6.
Biarum tenuifolium ssp. idomenaum
7.
Campanula creutzburgii
8.
Campanula pelviformis

5-40
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

9.
Campanula spatulata ssp. filicaulis
10. Carlina diae
11. Ebenus cretica
12. Galium grecum ssp. pseudocanum
13. Muscari spreitzenhoferi
14. Hypericum amblycalyx
15. Petromarula pinnata
16. Phlomis lanata
17. Ricotia cretica
18. Scutellaria sieberi
19. Teucrium alpestre
20. Tulipa cretica
,
1.
Anthemis ammanthus ssp. paleacea
2.
Aristolochia cretica
3.
Carlina sitiensis
4.
Centaurea raphanina ssp. raphanina
5.
Crepis cretica
6.
Crepis tybakiensis
7.
Cyclamen creticum
8.
Limonium sitiacum
9.
Ornithogalum creticum
10. Stachys mucronata
11. Teucrium gracile
12. Valeriana assarifolia

1.
Allium tardans
2.
Arenaria aegaea
3.
Asperula tournefortii
4.
Crocus boryi ssp. tournefortii
5.
Cymbalaria
mycrocalyx
ssp.
dodecanisii
6.
Filago aegaea ssp. aegaea
7.
Iris ungucularis ssp. cretensis
8.
Limonium aucheri
9.
Limonium frederici
10. Melica rectiflora
11. Nepeta melissifolia
12. Nigella doerfleri
13. Ruta chalepensis ssp. fumariifolia
14. Salsola aegaea
15. Salsola carpatha
16. Scorzonera cretica
17. Stachys spinosa
18. Teucrium microphyllum

5-41
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-4: /

/

Allium loganum
Anthemis filicaulis
Asperula
tournefortii
Campanula
creutzburgii
Carlina diae

DIR
92/43/EOK

BERN

CITES

N
N
N
N

N
N
N
N

N
N
N
N

EU
Red
List
N
N
R
R

N
N
Y
Y

Red
Data
Book
N
N
N
N

IUNC
EUR
1988
nt
nt
R
R

(App.I 1992
v)

.
67/1981

nt
nt
R
R

IUCN
World
1993
nt
V
R
R

IUCN
1993

Carlina sitiensis
N
N
N
R
Y
N
R
R
R
Centaurea
N
N
N
N
Y
N
V
nt
V
aegialophila
Crepis tybakiensis
N
N
N
R
Y
N
R
R
R
Crithopsis delileana
N
N
N
N
Y
N
nt
nt
nt
?
Cyclamen creticum
N
N
N
Y
N
nt
nt
nt
Hypericum
N
N
N
R
Y
N
R
R
R
amblycalyx
Limonium frederici
N
N
N
N
Y
N
R
R
R
Phlomis lanata
N
N
N
N
Y
N
nt
nt
nt
Salsola carpatha
N
N
N
R
Y
N
R
R
R
Tulipa cretica
N
N
N
N
Y
N
nt
nt
nt
Viola scorpioides
N
N
N
N
Y
N
nt
nt
?

: = Yes (), = NO (), R = RARE (), V = VULNERABLE (), nt: near
threatened ( )

Directive 92/43/EOK: 92/43/EOK , 21 1992,

BERN Convention: ( 1335/1983).
CITES: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora, 1973.
. 67/1981: (23/30.1.1981)
' .
Red Data Book: ( WWF, 1995).
IUCN: International Union for the Conservation of Nature ( )
:
(nt). Bellevalia
sitiaca (2009)

CITES
, , ( ), .
,
,
, . 67/1981. :
Asperula crassula, Anthemis filicaulis, Carlina sitiensis, Bellevalia sitiaca, Tulipa cretica, Phlomis
lanata, Crithopsis delileana, Viola scorpioides, Centaurea aegialophila, Silene holtzmanii &
Phoenix thoephrasti, . 5.2-3 5.2-4.

5-42
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-3: Asperula crassula

5.2-4: Anthemis filicaulis

6 ,

sperula crassula , Anthemis filicaulis
. Carlina sitiensis

5-43
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
.

5.2.4.

5.2.4.1.

hot spot .
.
.
.
, 1700
10% .
,

. ,

10% - 60% ,
.
,
.

. ,
.

, ,
, ,
.
2005
.
.

20 ,
, , .

5-44
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

, ,
.
, ,
,
.

5.2.4.2.

5.2.4.2.1.
(
) (7) (39) (33
, 17 ).
.
,
(, , , ..)
(Meles meles), (Martes foina) (Mustela nivalis).
Monachus
monachus ,
.

.
.
.
(Tursiops truncatus) (Stenella coeruleoalba).
(
5-8km ) (Physeter
macrocephalus) (Frantzis et al., 2003).
(, 2005)
( 5.2-5, 5.2-6).

5-45
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-5:

(Insectivora)
Crocidura suaveolens
Suncus etruscus
Erinaceus roumanicus
(Chiroptera)
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
Rhinolophus hipposideros
Rhinolophus blasii
Myotis capaccinii
Miniopterus schreibersii
Pipistrellus kuhlii
Tadarida teniotis
(Lagomorpha)
Lepus europaeus
(Rodentia)
Acomys cahirinus minous
Apodemus sylvaticus
Mus domesticus (= Mus
musculus domesticus)
Rattus rattus
(Carnivora)
Martes foina bunites
Meles meles arcalus
Mustela nivalis

92/43

Blasius

LC
LC
LC

1
x

II, IV
II, IV
II, IV

LC
LC
NT

1
1
1

II, IV
II, IV
IV
IV

NT
NT
LC
LC

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

2
1
1

1
1
1

2
2
2

2
2
2

III

NT

III
III
III

x
x
x

5.2-6:

92/43

(Pinnipedia)
Monachus monachus

/IV
II
I/II
E
(Cetacea)
Delphinus delphis

IV
II
V
Stenella caeruleoalba

IV
II
V
Tursiops truncates

II/IV
II

(. 2.2.5.4 )
1: /
2: ( )
:
92/43/EEC: = (
), IV = IV ( )
: ( 1335/1983): = (
), = ( )
: : =
, =
: (, 1992): = ,
V = , R = , =
: + = , x = , (x) =

:
( ): 1 = <1%, 2 = 1-10%, 3 = >10%.

5-46
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

, , ,
( ).
, . ,
, ( IV 92/43/
EEC, ), ( I
92/43/EEC), , ,
.

5.2.4.2.2.
, ,
,
,
.
(
)
.
,
,
. ,
,
(
).
,
, (Falco eleonorae)
, (Calonectris diomedea). ,
,
(SPA).
188 ,
,
2005.
( 2013)
.
139 .
,
.
.

5-47
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

H , , 2005
-
()
.
5.2-7 4 , 22
9 , 17
10 , 23 8
, 24 , 3
95 85
.
RB , SB
, WV , PM , V
, A .
.
(47), (67), (49), (7),
(18).
61 79/409 , 55
5 CR, 7
EN, 12 VU, 8 NT, 14 LC 8
DD (
).

.
.

5-48
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-7: ( )

79/409

VU

Tadorna tadorna

Anas penelope

PM

Anas crecca

PM WV

Anas platyrhynchos

WV PM

Anas acuta

PM

Anas querquedula

PM

Anas clypeata

PM WV

Alectoris chukar

RB

Coturnix coturnix

PM WV

10

achybaptus ruficollis

PM WV

11

Calonectris diomedea

SB PM

I*

LC

12

Puffinus yelkouan

SB PM

NT

13

Hydrobates pelagicus

V (rb?)

DD

14

Morus bassanus

15

Phalacrocorax carbo

PM WV

16

Phalacrocorax aristotelis

RB

I*

NT

17

Pelecanus onocrotalus

VU

18

Ixobrychus minutus

PM

LC

19

Nycticorax nycticorax

PM

NT

20

Ardeola ralloides

PM

VU

21

Bubulcus ibis

PM WV

22

Egretta garzetta

PM WV

LC

23

Ardea alba

PM

VU

24

Ardea cinerea

PM WV

25

Ardea purpurea

PM

EN

26

Ciconia ciconia

PM

VU

27

Plegadis falcinellus

PM

CR

28

Platalea leucorodia

VU

29

Phoenicopterus roseus

LC

30

Pernis apivorus

PM

I*

31

Milvus migrans

PM WV

CR

32

Milvus milvus

DD

33

Gypaetus barbatus

CR

34

Gyps fulvus

CR

35

Circaetus gallicus

PM

NT

36

Circus aeruginosus

PM WV

I*

VU

37

Circus cyaneus

PM WV

I*

38

Circus macrourus

PM

I*

DD

39

Circus pygargus

PM

I*

CR

40

Accipiter nisus

PM WV

41

Accipiter brevipes

? pm ?

42
43

Buteo buteo
Buteo rufinus

.
.

1
1

1
1

RB PM WV
RB PM

I*

44

Aquila pomarina

PM

I*

VU
EN

45

Aquila chrysaetos

(rb?)

I*

EN

46

Aquila pennata

PM WV

I*

EN

47

Falco naumanni

PM

I*

VU

48

Falco tinnunculus

RB PM WV

49

Falco vespertinus

PM

I*

DD

50

Falco columbarius

PM WV

51

Falco subbuteo

PM

52

Falco eleonorae

SB PM

I*

LC

53

Falco peregrinus

RB PM

I*

LC

54

Rallus aquaticus

PM

55

Porzana porzana

PM

DD

56

Porzana parva

PM

57

Crex crex

I*

DD

58

Gallinula chloropus

RB? PM WV

59

Fulica atra

PM WV

60

Himantopus himantopus

PM

LC

61

Burhinus oedicnemus

SB PM WV?

I*

NT

62

Charadrius dubius

SB PM

VU

LC

5-49
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-7: ( )

79/409

VU

Tadorna tadorna

Anas penelope

PM

Anas crecca

PM WV

Anas platyrhynchos

WV PM

Anas acuta

PM

Anas querquedula

PM

Anas clypeata

PM WV

Alectoris chukar

RB

Coturnix coturnix

PM WV

10

achybaptus ruficollis

PM WV

11

Calonectris diomedea

SB PM

I*

LC

12

Puffinus yelkouan

SB PM

NT

13

Hydrobates pelagicus

V (rb?)

DD

14

Morus bassanus

15

Phalacrocorax carbo

PM WV

16

Phalacrocorax aristotelis

RB

I*

NT

17

Pelecanus onocrotalus

VU

18

Ixobrychus minutus

PM

LC

19

Nycticorax nycticorax

PM

NT

20

Ardeola ralloides

PM

VU

21

Bubulcus ibis

PM WV

22

Egretta garzetta

PM WV

LC

23

Ardea alba

PM

VU

24

Ardea cinerea

PM WV

25

Ardea purpurea

PM

EN

26

Ciconia ciconia

PM

VU

27

Plegadis falcinellus

PM

CR

28

Platalea leucorodia

VU

29

Phoenicopterus roseus

LC

30

Pernis apivorus

PM

I*

31

Milvus migrans

PM WV

CR

32

Milvus milvus

DD

33

Gypaetus barbatus

CR

34

Gyps fulvus

CR

35

Circaetus gallicus

PM

NT

36

Circus aeruginosus

PM WV

I*

VU

37

Circus cyaneus

PM WV

I*

38

Circus macrourus

PM

I*

DD

39

Circus pygargus

PM

I*

CR

40

Accipiter nisus

PM WV

41

Accipiter brevipes

? pm ?

42
43

Buteo buteo
Buteo rufinus

.
.

1
1

1
1

RB PM WV
RB PM

I*

44

Aquila pomarina

PM

I*

VU
EN

45

Aquila chrysaetos

(rb?)

I*

EN

46

Aquila pennata

PM WV

I*

EN

47

Falco naumanni

PM

I*

VU

48

Falco tinnunculus

RB PM WV

49

Falco vespertinus

PM

I*

DD

50

Falco columbarius

PM WV

51

Falco subbuteo

PM

52

Falco eleonorae

SB PM

I*

LC

53

Falco peregrinus

RB PM

I*

LC

54

Rallus aquaticus

PM

55

Porzana porzana

PM

DD

56

Porzana parva

PM

57

Crex crex

I*

DD

58

Gallinula chloropus

RB? PM WV

59

Fulica atra

PM WV

60

Himantopus himantopus

PM

LC

61

Burhinus oedicnemus

SB PM WV?

I*

NT

62

Charadrius dubius

SB PM

VU

LC

5-49
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

63

Charadrius hiaticula

PM

64

Pluvialis squatarola

PM

65

Calidris minuta

PM

66

Calidris temminckii

PM

67

Calidris ferruginea

PM

68

Calidris maritima

?a?

69

Calidris alpina

PM WV

70

Limicola falcinellus

71

Philomachus pugnax

PM

72

Gallinago gallinago

PM WV

73

Gallinago media

PM

74

Scolopax rusticola

WV

75

Limosa limosa

PM

76

Tringa erythropus

PM

77

Tringa totanus

PM

78

Tringa stagnatilis

PM

79

Tringa nebularia

PM

80

Tringa ochropus

PM WV

81

Tringa glareola

PM

82

Actitis hypoleucos

PM WV

83

Arenaria interpres

PM

84

Chroicocephalus ridibundus

PM WV

85

Larus melanocephalus

PM WV

86

Larus audouinii

87

Larus fuscus

79/409

I
I

DD

I*

LC

I*

EN

SB RB PM

I*

VU

PM WV

RB WV

PM WV

89

Larus cachinnans

90

Sterna sandvicensis

PM WV

I*

VU

91

Chlidonias hybrida

PM

EN

92

Chlidonias niger

PM

EN

93

Chlidonias leucopterus

PM

94

Columba livia

RB

95

Columba palumbus

RB

96

Streptopelia decaocto

RB

97

Streptopelia turtur

SB PM

98

Streptopelia orientalis

99

Cuculus canorus

PM

100

Tyto alba

RB

101

Otus scops

RB PM WV?

102

Asio otus

RB PM

103

Caprimulgus europaeus

SB PM

I*

LC

104

Apus apus

SB PM

105

Apus pallidus

PM (sb?)

106

Apus melba

SB PM

107

Alcedo atthis

PM WV

I*

DD

108

Merops apiaster

PM

109

Upupa epops

PM (sb?)

110

Jynx torquilla

PM

111

Calandrella brachydactyla

PM (sb?)

112

Galerida cristata

RB

113

Lullula arborea

(rb?) WV

114

Alauda arvensis

WV PM

115

Riparia riparia

PM

116

Ptyonoprogne rupestris

(rb?) WV

117

Delichon urbicum

PM

118

Hirundo rustica

PM (sb?)

119

Cecropis daurica

PM (sb?)

120

Anthus campestris

PM (sb?)

121

Anthus trivialis

PM WV

122

Anthus pratensis

WV PM

123

Anthus cervinus

PM WV

124

Anthus spinoletta

WV

88

Larus michahellis

I*
I*

LC

I*

LC

5-50
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

, 37
.

. ,
.
,
.

, ,
.
,
,
,
,
. ,

, ,
,

.

. ,
, ,

.
,


.
, ,

,
. ,
. 6 . ,

,
,
.

5-52
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
.

5.2.4.2.3. -
23
, 64 .
,
: (VU) (Podarcis cretensis)
(Pelophylax cretensis)
Caretta caretta.
(Podarcis cretensis)

.
(Pelophylax cretensis)
. ,
. ,
,
(
).
Caretta caretta
(Margaritoulis et al., 1995).

,
( )
( ) (Ligdopoulou et al. 1994, Margaritoulis 1998 2000, Irvin et al. 1998).
114,9 , 387,3
53,5 (Margaritoulis et al., 2003).
(Margaritoulis et al., 1995) National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Agency ,
3 .

,
.
Caretta caretta

.

5-53
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

.
.
5.2-8
, ,
,
(, 1992). 5.2-9
.

5-54
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-8:
E

Hemidactylus turcicus
Lacerta trilineata
Podarcis cretensis
Chalcides occelatus
Hierophis gemonensis
Natrix tessellata
Mediodactylus kotschyi
Zamenis situla
Telescopus fallax

Bufo viridis
Pelophylax cretensis

92/43

IV
IV

IV

IV

II

LC
LC
VU
LC
LC
LC
LC
LC
LC

IV

II
III

LC
EN

(x)
(x)

1
1
1

(x)

(x)

+
+

1
1
1
1
1

+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+

1,B
1,B
1,B

+
+
+

1,B

+
+

1,B
1,B

1
2

+
+

+
+

1,B
1,B

5.2-8
1 =
=

5-55
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.2-9:

Caretta caretta

92/43

( ).
.

5.2.4.2.4.
2.2.5-11, ,

.
92/43 EEC.

. , 1994, Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of Athens, pp.330.

5.2-10:

Albinaria teres
Cantareus apertus
Cantareus aspersus
Cecilioides acicula
Cecilioides tumulorum
Cernuella virgata
Deroceras minoicum
Eobania vermiculata
Eopolita protensa
Granopupa granum
Mastus butoti
Mastus itanosensis
Mastus sitiensis
Metafruticicola lectus
Metafruticicola noverca
Metafruticicola pellita
Orculella cretiminuta
Orculella critica
Oxychilus aegopinoides
Oxychilus minoicus
Pseudoxerophila bathytera
Rumina decollata
Truncatellina rothi
Vitrea contracta
Xerocrassa amphiconus
Xerocrassa cretica

Endangered

Critically endangered

5-56
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

Xerocrassa mesostena
Xerocrassa siderensis
Xeromunda candiota

5.2-11, ,
.
.
, ,
Carabidae Tenebrionidae,
1997 Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of Crete, pp.510 . ,
. 2005, Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of Crete,
pp.421 . (
GNARHOSIDAE): , . 2003, Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of
Crete, pp.452.

5.2-11:

Anagraphis pallens

(Aranea)

Drassyllus pumiloides
Haplodrassus creticus
Latrodectus tredecimguttatus
Leptodrassus pupa
Lycosa praegrandis
Micaria coarctata
Nomisia excerpta
Poecilochroa senilis
Pterotricha lentiginosa
Steatoda paykulliana
Trachyzelotes malkini
Zelotes caucasius
Zelotes daidalus
Zelotes scrutatus
Zelotes subterraneus
Zelotes tenuis
Scolopendra cretica
Lithobius aeruginosus

Dignathodon microcephalum

(Chilopoda)

(Orthoptera)

Eupolybothrus litoralis
Geophilus naxius
Scutigera coleoptrata
Henia puchella
Bothriogaster signata
Pachymerium ferrugineum
Calliptamus italicus
Oedipoda spp. (2 )
Calliptamus barbarus barbarus

5-57
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

(Lepidoptera)

Eupholidoptera sp.
Pyrgomorpha conica conica
Gryllomorpha cretensis
Gryllus bimaculatus
Papilio machaon
Pieris rapae
Colias crocea
Polyommatus icarus
Cynthia cardui
Maniola jurtina
Lasiommata megera
Erodius orientalis oblongus

(Coleoptera)
Tenebrionidae

Zophosis punctata
Dailognatha quadricollis rugata
Dailognatha cylidritarsis
Eutagenia smyrnensis minutissima
Pachyscelis quadricollis cretica
Dendarus puncticollis
Pedinus olivieri
Gonocephalum rusticum
Opatroides punctulatus
Raiboscelis corvinus

Rare

Megacephala euphratica

(Coleoptera)
Carabidae

Cicindela campestris suffriani

Carabus banoni
Calathus mollis erythroderus
Olisthopus fuscatus
Harpalus honestus
Harpalus subquadratus
Platytarus famini

5.2.4.3.


. ,

NATURA 2000

. ,
, (,
, , , ...)
(.. 9320
).

5-58
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

. 3290
( ),
. (),

.
3170
.

, (..
) . ,
,
.

.

,
. 5,
,
. ,
.
:
542010: Sarcopoterium spinosum
542011: Genista acanthoclada Erica manipuliflora
542012: Genista acanthoclada
542020: Corydothymus capitatus
542030: Cistus creticus
542040: Ononis spinosa
9320 ( ,
).

.
. ,
.

5-59
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

:
5212:
(Juniperus phoenicea) Erica manipuliflora
92D010:
9320:
)
)

, ,
.
.
:
821710: ( )
8310:
124011:
124012: Limonium & Cichorium spinosum

.
.
,
. ,
, ,
.
,
. (
),
. ,
, ,
, //,
.
.
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().


, , , ,
, , ,

5-60
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

. ,
.

.

5.3.

, ,
( )
, ,
2013, .

5.3.1.

5.3.1.1.
. ,
633,22 .,
, ,
, , 2010
.
4 5
. (.. )
(, ,
). ,
.
(, , ).
2011,
-1,34%, 2001.
49,2% 50,8% .
,
+4,54% , ,
(

5-61
ECHMES Ltd.



, 2014

5.3-1),
,
.

, 1999-2008
5.3-1:
(: , 2013
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http://www.wttc.org/research/economic-impact-research/
WTO Tourism Highlights, Edition 2012
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Tourism_trends
http://media.unwto.org/en/press-release/2013-05-15/international-tourism-receipts-grew-4-2012

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5-77
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5-81
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ECHMES Ltd.

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5-84
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

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33899

64838

5-85
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-11: (%)
2009 (: )
- (%)

1*

2*

3*

4*

5*

101 (7,2 %)

106 (8,3%)

2.619 (22,6%)

3.798 (38,7%)

1.276 (27,6%)

1.276 (8,5%)

388 (13,7%)

9.564

296 (3,8%)

68 (14,7%)

2.326 (23,1%)

4.205 (41,8%)

1.403 (29,8%)

1.545 (11,5%)

559 (21,2%)

10.402

340 (6,2%)

144 (14,2%)

3.106 (26,2%)

4.734 (47,1%)

2.445 (20,4%)

2.514 (11,4%)

515 (19,5%)

13.798

3.234 (18,8%)

48

394 (18,1%)

5.347 (27,9%)

4.809 (26,5%)

28.184 (32,3%)

19.849 (32,4%)

455 (18,4%)

62.320

10.170 (41,1%)

167

1.278 (19,1%)

12.303 (38,3%)

13.490 (41,9%)

65.608 (64,6%)

32.815 (54,4%)

632 (23,1%)

136.463

13.198 (58,9%)

170

1.578 (23,4%)

13.015 (51,1%)

16.904 (63,9%)

72.764 (83,3%)

34.551 (67,3%)

599 (22,9%)

152.779

18.801 (76,1%)

1.841

3.020 (45,2%)

17.569 (65,7%)

23.130 (81,4%)

81.893 (86,5%)

42.916 (76,5%)

639 (23,5%)

189.809

18.954 (78,5%)

2.385

3.127 (47,6%)

19.061 (72,2%)

22.649 (86,8%)

88.130 (88,5%)

48.971 (87,4%)

527 (18,7%)

203.804

11.890 (53,8%)

659

1.384 (28,4%)

14.256 (56,8%)

18.928 (74,4%)

71.698 (88,3%)

37.197 (71,4%)

770 (29,2%)

156.782

10

4.895 (28,1%)

112

652 (13,1%)

6.776 (31,9%)

7.444 (35,8%)

34.036 (57,1%)

21.275 (42,6%)

653 (23,5%)

75.843

11

99 (5,7%)

158 (21,3%)

2.956 (30,8%)

4.300 (48,9%)

2.110 (8,2%)

3.162 (8,3%)

463 (17,5%)

13.248

12

568 (16,8%)

128 (17,1%)

2.450 (28,9%)

3.654 (50,6%)

277 (76,4%)

1.205 (10,2%)

356 (11,3%)

8.638

82.546

5.382

12.037

101.784

128.045

449.824

247.276

6.556

1.033.450

5-86
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-12: (%)
2009 (: )
- (%)

1*

2*

3*

4*

5*

0 (0,0%)

145 (16,9%)

1.827 (26,7%)

36 (16,1%)

53 (0,5%)

399 (2,9%)

0 (0,0%)

2.460

0 (0,0%)

167 (18,6%)

1.196 (18,8%)

6 (20,6%)

441 (5,7%)

536 (3,3%)

1 (0,3%)

2.347

0 (0,0%)

222 (15,3%)

1.246 (23,2%)

229 (27,1%)

1.693 (19,4%)

285 (2,2%)

1 (0,3%)

3.676

1.217 (13,6%)

1.004 (28,8%)

2.275 (20,0%)

578 (12,5%)

7.699 (40,6%)

6.802 (21,6%)

12 (4,4%)

19.588

6.055 (38,8%)

13

414 (15,1%)

5.303 (35,5%)

4.041 (44,7%)

13.805 (59,5%)

19.228 (47,5%)

76 (20,7%)

48.935

11.405 (68,9%)

159

752 (32,5%)

6.807 (45,9%)

4.623 (54,8%)

18.529 (82,2%)

21.287 (58,8%)

85 (21,5%)

63.647

13.666 (79,5%)

883

824 (39,0%)

7.633 (53,7%)

6.792 (70,9%)

21.052 (88,5%)

23.277 (62,6%)

168 (34,1%)

74.295

15.058 (86,9%)

879

1.784 (55,6%)

12.595 (74,3%)

8.293 (80,2%)

22.414 (91,1%)

26.493 (74,8%)

270 (42,2%)

87.786

10.975 (67,9%)

103

821 (32,2%)

7.055 (51,9%)

5.406 (65,4%)

16.843 (86,1%)

21.091 (61,8%)

105 (27,3%)

62.399

10

6.912 (47,6%)

16

471 (14,7%)

3.101 (19,3%)

2.307 (30,2%)

6.699 (50,8%)

8.707 (34,9%)

12 (2,9%)

28.225

11

30 (5,9%)

239 (15,4%)

1.130 (20,7%)

679 (6,9%)

2 (0,1%)

1.043 (4,9%)

0 (0,0%)

3.123

12

109 (30,8%)

232 (14,4%)

852 (15,2%)

264 (3,7%)

229 (3,5%)

516 (4,1%)

0 (0,0%)

2.202

65.427

2.054

7.075

51.020

33.254

109.459

129.664

730

398.683

5-87
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-13: (%)
2009 (: )
- (%)

1*

2*

3*

4*

5*

624 (27,9%)

10 (20,8%)

1.752 (15,4%)

99 (3,2%)

45 (4,0%)

125 (6,0%)

2.655

724 (15,7%)

10 (20,8%)

2.521 (22,1%)

233 (9,6%)

47 (4,2%)

204 (9,7%)

3.739

1.032 (11,0%)

10 (20,8%)

3.317 (26,7%)

168 (6,0%)

638 (6,9%)

183 (12,7%)

5.348

3.880 (30,2%)

0 (0,0%)

398 (8,5%)

4.032 (16,9%)

5.006 (22,5%)

5.543 (31,1%)

344 (20,3%)

19.203

9.114 (45,3%)

49 (9,1%)

3.046 (32,9%)

9.846 (50,9%)

16.551 (57,8%)

10.745 (73,6%)

516 (32,0%)

49.867

11.459 (57,6%)

12

118 (18,8%)

4.338 (49,5%)

11.456 (77,1%)

22.096 (81,6%)

9.898 (89,5%)

540 (39,2%)

59.917

14.643 (71,7%)

92

25 (5,4%)

5.543 (66,5%)

13.862 (83,9%)

24.142 (86,5%)

10.996 (94,9%)

656 (44,8%)

69.959

17.175 (73,7%)

290

54 (12,7%)

6.805 (71,3%)

15.373 (89,2%)

26.854 (94,2%)

12.142 (96,7%)

925 (58,4%)

79.618

11.519 (60,7%)

24

44 (52,8%)

4.657 (55,3%)

12.890 (86,0%)

20.833 (85,2%)

9.844 (91,9%)

654 (48,5%)

60.465

10

5.600 (34,2%)

28 (51,3%)

2.049 (26,2%)

5.373 (42,4%)

7.412 (36,9%)

5.820 (51,0%)

415 (26,9%)

26.697

11

439 (13,0%)

14 (26,2%)

1.656 (24,8%)

268 (4,0%)

16 (0,3%)

251 (15,8%)

2.644

12

535 (27,4%)

10 (20,8%)

1.710 (28,2%)

181(8,5%)

177 (10,3%)

2.613

76.744

418

318

26.890

83.788

123.843

65.734

4.990

382.725

5-88
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-14: (%)
2009 (: )
- (%)

1*

2*

3*

4*

5*

258 (16,8%)

90 (10,3%)

1.265 (10,3%)

1.918 (21,2%)

977 (17,2%)

430 (14,3%)

236 (6,7%)

5.174

188 (13,7%)

60 (9,3%)

1.818 (16,3%)

2.273 (25,3%)

1.373 (26,5%)

190 (15,3%)

376 (9,0%)

6.278

433 (8,8%)

176 (10,9%)

2.045 (25,0%)

2.888 (30,8%)

2.276 (43,7%)

307 (9,7%)

409 (12,3%)

8.534

10.647 (30,5%)

212 (12,6%)

3.221 (24,6%)

5.132 (21,8%)

4.575 (24,2%)

4.778 (37,6%)

1.071 (19,7%)

29.636

31.245 (53,2%)

39

447 (21,9%)

6.203 (34,4%)

9.734 (46,1%)

13.988 (52,5%)

8.873 (55,8%)

1.893 (28,1%)

72.422

35.715 (67,9%)

59

959 (32,6%)

6.562 (41,4%)

11.164 (66,6%)

19.876 (83,6%)

10.653 (77,8%)

1.926 (30,0%)

86.914

46.499 (75,9%)

814

1.221 (49,2%)

9.138 (54,2%)

15.239 (80,7%)

24.790 (91,6%)

12.243 (86,7%)

2.403 (38,8%)

112.347

45.986 (74,4%)

1.160

1.434 (63,6%)

10.692 (66,3%)

17.392 (84,5%)

24.946 (93,0%)

11.980 (89,0%)

2.842 (54,4%)

116.432

32.319 (61,2%)

104

1.112 (50,9%)

6.848 (45,3%)

11.758 (71,8%)

18.476 (79,6%)

9.226 (76,2%)

2.381 (40,9%)

82.224

10

10.814 (31,3%)

327 (15,8%)

4.198 (28,1%)

6.262 (35,6%)

7.301 (31,1%)

3.621 (30,5%)

1.363 (25,6%)

33.886

11

220 (15,8%)

142 (13,9%)

1.703 (13,3%)

2.379 (17,2%)

1.581 (30,8%)

275 (2,2%)

375 (12,5%)

6.675

12

137 (30,0%)

101 (23,7%)

1.132 (10,9%)

2.257 (22,4%)

3.501 (63,2%)

402 (7,9%)

387 (12,2%)

7.917

214.461

2.176

6.281

54.825

88.396

123.660

62.978

15.662

568.439

5-89
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-10 5.3-14
, ,
.


,
.
,
2010 (
, & ,
)
, ,
.

10,2
( 10%) . ,
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(9,9 ).

, ,
5.3-14.

5.3-14 : ,
( 2007) (: , 2010)

(199 . , 164,3% 2009)

(196,2 . , 47,2% 2008)
( 5.3-15).

5-90
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-15: % (:
)

(8-10 / )
..
(16,5% 2011) ( 5.3-16).

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)

100
1000
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5-91
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-17:
(: , 2012)

2012,

(83,3% 2011) .. (63,7%) (. 5.3-18).

5.3-18: (:
, 2012)

5-92
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-15: ,
( 2007) (: , 2010)

(%)

(%)

(%)

9,1

44,7

46,1

6,3

37,8

55,9

6,1

44,8

49,1

5,3

35,9

58,8

7,0

42,8

50,3

5.3-15
(58,8%)
(5,3%) .


.
( 52,6%)
(49,0%).
.
(17,0%)
(5,2%).

78%. , 11%
.

,

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50% .
5.3-19

5-93
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

.
.

5.3-19:
(: , 2010)

5.3-20
5.144 , , 18
,
2008.
().

,
.

5.3-20: (:
, 2010)

5-94
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3.4.

.

( 5.3-2):
(/31/24456/1834., 699// 26.05.1976),
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, .
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( ... 13 ..)
. . 2215/20.10.1999, 2417/16.11.1999 2840/29.11.1999.
. .//1/24/61046/3631
(123// 09.02.2000).
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06.07.2000).

5.3-2:

(9597/12.09.1970, 666//23.09.1970 .
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. ,

5-95
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

(..121/1973, 170//06.08.1973) NATURA 2000

(GR4320006).
.. (17 ),
,

(
.
//1/38//43600/1774/25.11.1998, 1283//23.12.1998).

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( 9597/12.09.1970, 666//23.09.1970 //1/
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3028 (153//28.06.2002)
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292//23-6-2009) : ,

5-96
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
(......) ,
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5.3-16:

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)

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.

5-97
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3.5.1.

, 95% .
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5-98
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3.5.2.

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500 ( compact).

5-99
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
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5-100
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

, .
(- - .)
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20 ,
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2011 : 2.931 GWh 597 MW.
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5-101
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-21:
(: , 2013)

,
:
, , 6 , 4 diesel 5
. 265 MW
, , 5 1 .
348 MW
, ( 2004), 2
diesel 2 . 200 MW
2 diesel 100 MW.
,
800 MW ,
- ( )
.
,

.
,
2008 14,08% ,
2012 20,6%. .
,
. 5.3-17

5-102
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

2013
.

5.3-17:
[, 2013]
. (kW)

IWECO ..
NO 1
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4.500
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... ..
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ENERCON A.E.
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1
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4.950
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9.900
4.800
3.000
10.000
11.200
11.900
6.200
2.500
3.000
2.700
4.800
5.400
3.000
5.100
1.500
18.712
119.812

( )
2011, 5.3-18. , 5.3-19
,
.

5.3-18: & 2011

(: , , , 2011)

.
(MW)
278,84
349,19
195,04
174,20
57,80
0,60
1.055,67

26,4%
33,0%
18,5%
16,5%
5,5%
0,1%
100%

(GWh)
861,8
507,0
991,5
486,5
83,8
0,8
2.931,4

29,4%
17,3%
33,8%
16,6%
2,9%
0,0%
100%

5-103
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

5.3-19: (: ,
, , 2011)

2008

14,08

2009

15,48

2010

15,90

2011

19,46

( )
.
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5-104
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

19

:
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2011-2015

5-105
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

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20

2011-2015

5-106
ECHMES Ltd.

 , 2014

,
.
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5-107
ECHMES Ltd.