————————————__oOoOO | ase fly Designation: A 193/A 193M - 97a Standard Specification for Men docrersStndusston Somaty ‘(atalnugnne nor snares Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High- Temperature Service’ “ris standart isued under te ned designation A 93/4 19344; te steerer following th esgation ines the er Fein det orm exe of resin, the year of revision. Apunber me paerieses inde he yea of eager 1 Stensepe cpt (eines net change since the as ession ot approval ‘is sundond has Ben aprove for ute by ogee of the Deparment of Defense 1, Scope 1.1 This specification? covers alloy and stainless steci bolt ing material for pressure vessels, valves, flanges. and fittings for high-temperature service, The term “bolting material” ay used in this specification covers bars, bolts, screws, studs, stud bolts and wire, Bars and wire shall be hot-wrought, The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by ‘old drawing, Austenitic stainless steel may be carbide solution, treated or carbide solution treated and strain-hardened, 1.2 Several grades ure covered, including ferritic steels and ‘ustenitic stainless steels designated B 5, B 8, etc. Sclection will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical prop: erties, and high-temperature characteristics Nore the commitee formulating this specication has incuded ftcen sel types that have heen ether extensively se Tor he present purpose, Oh? compositions mil be considered for incluso by the Connie from time to ine a the ped becomes spent Nore 2 Por grades of soy tet Boing material suitable fr set the lower range of hightemperatre aplcains, reference should be tae wa Speciation A354 Nowe SFr grades of alloy ste! bolting teil stable for use ia lon empertureappliations,fefereace shold be made to Special 201A 20M 1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section 14 14 Supplementary Requitements S1 through S8 ate-pro- vided for use when additional tests or inspection are desired ‘These shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. 1.5 This specification is expressed in both ineh-pound units aaa) in SI units. However, unless the order specifies. the applicable °M” specification designation (SI units), the mate tal shall be furnished to inch-pound wits ede be unsdicon of ASTM Comite Al 0 Se Sus en ed Alyn he vp of eon 22 on lca Fatings Being. and Flanges for High and Sabsnoxec Tenge ae ‘het eon approved Match 10 6 Sum ‘oH Ofrallygubiaied as AP! A193 aE ASME Bis and Prove! Co pletion ee rated Spe tion S194 Secon Bf Cale 0, 1997, Plead Devoner stone con A198 87 1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SL units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in cach system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- 2, Referenced Documents, 2.1 ASTM Standards ‘A.20/A 29M Specification for General Requirements for ‘Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold: Finished? AT9MA 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure and High-Temperature Service! A320/A 320M. Specification for Alloy Steel Boling Ma- terials for Low-Temperature Service® A354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Stud, and Other Extemally Threaded Fasten- ‘A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products! * ASI9{4 479M Specification for Stainless and Heat. Resisting Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels® A4BS/A 484M. Specification for General Requirements for ‘Stainless and HeatResisting Bars, Billets, and Forgings” ASI Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Stee! Products? A788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require- E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials” E21 Practice for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials” Aa Book of ASTM Staats, NO OLS. + Anal Book of ASTM Sandra Vl 1.01 Arma oo of ASTM Suna Wi 1508 "Anni Bo of ASTM Stans, Nol 0108 > annua Roof ASTM Sedans. NO O30 wan NAWE™—_—_ i ) a 193/0 193M E139 Practice for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials? E150 Practice for Conducting Creep and Creep-Rupture “Tension Tests of Metallic Materials Under Conditions of Rapid Heating and Short Times" E51 Practice for Tension Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Rapid Heating and Conven- tional or Rapid Strain Rates® £292 Practice for Conducting Time-for-Ruptare Notch ‘Tension Tests of Materials” E328 Methods for Stress-Relaxation Tesis for Materials and Structures” E381 Method of Macroetch Testing, Inspection, and Rating ‘Steel Provlucts, Comprising Bars, Billets, Blooms and Forgings” E 566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting. of Ferrous Metals* E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop- certies of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, and Rivets!? 2.2. ANSI Standards:"" BI Screw Threads B 18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws B 18.3 Hexagon Socket and Spline Socket Screws 2.3. AIAG Standard AIAG B-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag, Appli- ‘cation Standard!* 3. Ordering Information 341 The inquiry and order for material under this specifica tion shall include the following as required to describe the material adequately: 3.1.1 Specification, designation, year date, and grade 3.1.2 Heatreated condition (that is, normalized and tem- pered, or quenched and tempered, forthe ferrtic materials, and tarbide solution treated (Class 1), carbide solution treated after finishing (Class 1A), and carbide solution treated and strain hardened (Classes 2, 2B and 2C), for the austenitic stainless, sieels; Classes 1B and 1C apply to the carbide solution-treated nitrogen-bearing stainless steels; Class ID applies to material carbide solution treated by cooling rapidly from the rolling temperature}, 3.1.3 Quantity (that is, number of pieces or weight), 3.1.4 Description of items required (that is, bars, bolts, sorews, oF studs), 3.1.5 Dimensions (that is, diameter, length of point, overall length, finish, shape, and threads * scontinned, se 1988 Anal Book of AST Standard, Vol USO Sra Book of AST Standards, No 0803 wi pn on of ASTM Sanaa, e130 "valle an Ameren Nviorl Stndars tsa, 11 West 42 eNom Ys NY 1038 Sout. 44054 S118 soup, 26200 Laker, Site 20, a8 3.1.6 Nuts, if required by purchaser, in accordance with lal. 3.1.7 Supplementary requitements, if any, and 3.1.8 Special requitements, in accordance with 63, 6.6, 11.3, 15.1, 16.1, 18.1, and 17.1 4. Manufacture (Process) 4.1 The steel shall be produced by any of the following processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, clectric-furnace or vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The primary melting method may incorporate separate degassing or refining. The ‘molten steel may be vacuum-treated prior to or during pouring of the ingot or Strand casting. The basic-oxygen process shall be limited to steels containing not over 6 % chromium. “42 Quality—To ensure soundness, ferric steel bars and ‘wire shall be tested in accordance with Method E 381, or other suitable method as agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer. When bar or wire is supplied. the bar or wire ‘producer shall perform the (est. When fasteners are supplied, either the bar oF wire producer or the fastener producer, as agreed upon between them. shall perform the test. Quality control procedures shall be sufficient to demonstrate that the testing was performed and that the results were acceptable. A bur lot consisting of one heat or 10 000 Ibs whichever is smaller, shall be represented by a minimum of one macroeteh. Visual examination of transverse sections shall. show no imperfections worse than the macrographs of Method E 381 S4-R4-C4 or equivalent as agreed upon. Distinet zones of solidification shall not be present 5. Discard S.1 A sufficient discard shall be made (0 secure freedom, {rom injurious piping and undue segregation, 6. Heat Treatment 6.1. Frit steels shall be properly heat treated as best suits the high-temperature characteristics of each grade. Immedi ately after rolling or forging, the bolting material shall be allowed to cool to a temperature below the cooling transfor mation range, The materials which are to be furnished in the liguid-quenched condition shall then be uniformly reheated to the proper temperature to refine the grain (a group thus reheated being known as a “quenching charge”) and quenched in a liquid medium under substantially uniform conditions for each quenching charge. Use of water quenching is prohibited for any ferritic grade when heat treatment is part of the fastener ‘manufacturing process. This prohibition does not apply to heat ‘roated bar or 1 fasteners machined therefrom. Material Grade B16 shall be heated to a temperature range of 1700° to 1750°F [925° to 954°C] and oil quenched. The materials that are to be fumished in the normalized or ai-quenched condition shall be reheated to the proper temperature 10 refine the grain and cooled uniformly in air to « temperature below the tansfor- mation temperature range. The material, whether liquid: quenched or normalized, shall then be uniformly reheated for tempering, The minimuin tempering temperature shall be as specified in Table 2ih a 193/4 193M TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements (Composition, percent)” se Forte Sas iemicaion Siro! 85 Bi an BE ‘oaie ‘BR Geer AI Tipe 601) 12% Chiou (AIH Type #70) ‘NS Typ #10 ange Product Varin, Farce Product Vana vor Unaer® (voto Under Green rome ‘runs O38 mas 0.3 over Mogens, max 00 0.03 over 100 8.03 over Prosprovs, mae ooo 008 over cose 1.008 over Star ma 000, 8.008 ower 803 1.005 over sicon 00 mee 0.8 over 100 max 1.08 over Gremio apen 10 wens a8 yen oaooss 6.08 Se Ferre Seis iterieaon Seba - om Be Grote ‘Gomi Movedenum (Alt #830, 6142, 4145, ‘Chvonior Maybaenr-\anadim THOM #442 4 and 145 H) Product varaton. Prosi Vana, ange Over or Unser ange ver oF Under” Caen osroa ane ‘36087 02 haanganese Bes ot bas97 003 Prospror, ma Doas 1.05 over oss 0.005 over Sot max D040 00s over 0K0 S08 over Sicon Bys095 0 o1so95 aa roman Drs120 205 crsers O08 troybsenun pisces 08 oso06s 03 Nera os035 03 enna, rox oor ype Austorte Stats Clases 1, 18, 10, an2 \damnieaton Syre0) aa BC, BGA aN, BaNta, Bee, BoM ‘BP BuPA eka! AIS Type S04) ‘Sibiizaa 16 Cooma eke (NEI Type 387) V8 Cremum-10 Neel? luaytecnum [IS Type 918) UUrstaiiaeg 10 Chroma 8 ‘Noto (AIS Type 908 | rested carbon) reduc Varator, Prague Vaan Product vn, Recon Range owereruner™” PAE vores Unser F°9° vero Under” amon max as Dor ow Tos aF ever Oot over Gos 001 over Manganere, rss «300 «GSt aver 200 Ot ever 200 tower 200 O0k over Prosprores.max 0085 ——ODIO ver Does ote over O06 010 over Doss Stem Suse man Dos nous mer 2300.05 ewe 0030 Os aver Dow 0.005 over Son ae 100005 over 100 Gs over too Gaon $00 ons over rome 180200 020 Wore 020 teo1so 020 Wog0 020 Neve Bows) O15 abso 048 Wore 913 ros.a30 81 oyserum 200300 010 (Cetus 4x carton acs under ype ‘Austen Steels Claas 14,18, 10. and 2 lsensseaton Sto an BONA ‘aN, aN BaMLGAN, BONIGAA ace TSI Te SOHN (ASI Type 316 ‘sisted 20 Chroma, ewer 8 Mlyedenam wah rested ange eat Vain, - Prom Varatign. Range we Beer Unda "oe (vero Under Garten moe Doe Oar over O08 908 over ‘e020 Manganese ax 20 0.8 Deer 20 ou over ‘a0 Preston, ae bts 000 ower ous, bro over oom Sutera bos 6.08 aver oom 9.005 aver eon Shc, ak 0 0.8 over 0 Sos over 80 hrm tomo = ca 1099 020 tasa0s we sous os wo129 ons ets oybsenum 200.300 a1 eoes frogs ooo con aroors 001 oteoze Seppe 30100 x9 AWCe ba 193/0 193M TABLE 1 Continued ‘Tyre. ‘Rasteniée Sioais®, Glasses 1, 1A, and 2, Sea = mon on Sadho fn coo ‘Carbon, max 7 — 0.08 0.01 over =o 3 secs ere be Siem. core sos seer a sees vee Tes sn Gn 1 a0 Sioa aa oo on ance as een — aaa acon ne Over or Under Over or Unde cman om cna saree roa = a se Se “2a Sar an pee see seer sates ee eon oe am Ba “oan ne oe Ar ae “e SS gras %& = a a I nates Range vor or Unoer| wre vet or Under (Carton, max 0.030, 0,005 over 0.090, ‘D00s ever nones gees see se eee a tc oe “es sees Sn ‘axe ss ‘as oes enn nates a 7 The wtentoralaaahen Bi Se Te, and Pb snk pened “Produc analyse iavaua etemeiatons somatmes vary rer te spate! se on anges as shown the ables The several determinations oF ary inva ‘mer ins heat may notary bot above ad bal te spectiod range Teyrear sites ever Ssh BO men nc ctu rant may b2 030 Te max For he B7M grade. a minum cttoncorton of 0.28 % is perma, proved that ie testes tonslepropsriee ave met ta section sizes wolves te sao IS A920” <130H i atoms "oa of sobbie ard nea {Charges and 0 ae solsion weated, Casses 1,18 end some 1C (8A ano BBS) products ate made rom sain eats maleval Class 1ASEA, BCA, BMA, ‘DGPA GOIA, BBLNA BUMLNA, BEN snd SENNA) an some Clase TC (BSRA and BASA) products are slvion tented in he inched conan, Class 2 products 20 olin reaiee and sin nadefh 0193/0 193M TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements Niomum Tense Yes Stoneh, ergabon Roducion Hanes, 6 ete te Jerperng tong, "nn.02" “iat. etoven mae “a0 * Terrature, ments oa mee STRrer "Neal asa) Fone Sica = sip Beever ep 4100) ¥100(589) 100(600) a0 on 8% 13% renin p00), nt H00(585) 04760) 5158) 3 aon 13% chemion ve 1041001 ws 19095891 so(s2n) roa) te 50 ee HRC crearin-nayeserun 91020 ee net Yrcojs00) 251060) 105720) 185 meine Senne ove 2410416510 100, net e0ISH] aS 9H}—_— BES 1 $0 sear OW cver4t07 (10010180) ne! 1601395) t0016991 rast 50 a7, zone ovomiom-nayrn wre 2% (65, 1190 620] 1601690) 80 (850) 5 zaBHDor ovr Zito £16516 100, md 11501620) $00,690) oes 50 Zeb cons cer4107 [00% 1} m1 NSO[6R0)—Y60|80H}— 7B 1 BSB were Chomiummelederumvanesiom p19 2585) 9 20150) 25,860) 105725 0 tH ssn ove 20416510 Yohinc! 1200004760) 95655 748 eke Syme over 4107001 180, ns 120680) 004680) 8S as) 4s her fis , ‘eld Elongation ee steray "RES" Reston case Clase nd eee, amet.) Hoa Taine sre Tyee tk “Cie” Me ine * sis) ‘Aen Soo ‘Gases ond 1 wa BB, BAIN, aie soon std 75165) Boies) Gow or SENN 3? erates coms 080, BaT a carbon soutien estes 71615 soiees) 5050 2B HEF ar sen RTA BER BICA, BONA BEPA. cae san Uetedin he nshed 7 BI) SO) sD ea Hor soHRA 8te, BNA BONA, BNA BehINA Gace Classes 8 and 10 88 EMM at _—_ cari sokion sted 20 580) ste) sown aor as REMLELA. al amare Graseo {Cand 10. DBR. dameles cate sokton Heated 22020) siamo) 3858 art Borgen ‘Sse 10 BBR tacts es Sten eatdin here 10 (690) She SS Brinmorastme ents Cases 10 ar 10,885, ameters exe stn vse 95 88 Sm Sart HaorzoHme Chats 1: Basa ‘area tion weed inthe nares 95 [555 Se] ar Haoegenme ‘si demetes endo (kgs 286 BC. BAP BST. and BON. cari seluon Vota nd an 126 (80) o0}eo] 2358 aa Moras Me Sieh ae une parsed et 3201 28) is 39) soisto) 18 a5 set Boras RO ve 114 [25163 105 2s} Sle] Se Mase Sie ew tise a eet 10090 sot be Saar asime (aes 2 Get Bat, BBMLCAN carne seluionvoned ans aran——_ 10 (76) 6166 Sas er Hao So] ansendr nero er to 12019 29) re 100 foo) ws as aat HB orastne Ore e125 eh 4 Susy Serta astm fer tea Be ope 2 120) sols} 3S at rape ous 26 bans? rte slvion reat ana stan 95 685} i 3 i mbrasnine 2 (00 ore ue S00 2192181 6 020) sotisy 3049s Horas HRC a ibba 1931/0 193M TABLE 2 Continved Toon Yai vpn ete sncn, PES peton eras are ara, Dane peat rearen® one meyoe mat Se” es Rw =e ~~ ~ ___ Avteis Steels capae aera 0 a) Sw a ee wise oats a! cation mami ndomin ts ad Etey 3} Buea Sine ome aed Sorbie ss 888 orl 99 oo sino wssne 7 To meet wu ana equremens, be Bina ress sal be ove 200 HB (35 HRB) ‘Cla 1 aolon oat. Cate Ae sclutonoated nthe inished condton or cael asst, Nea Weaken ital do to physical property requrrnont ‘clase 2's soution reat end sain harcened Austere seen he aonsharsoned conton may nt shan ivtarm properes hcg he wcton pace Sees over Ye [20 rn warner ‘Fear ses (20) in rele an smal, a mista harsness of 241 HE (100 HR) is pete. ee damoar 1% (98 ana ove, conar coe) papers maybe lowot han ested by toe opr ch are based on vlute determina a Ye ads 6.1.1 Quenched and tempered or normalized and tempered ferritic material that is subsequently cold drawn for dimen- sional contro! shall be stress-relieved after cold drawing. The minimum stress-relief temperature shall be 100°F [35°C] below the tempering temperature, Tests for mechanical prop- ctties shall be performed alter stress relieving. 6.2 Both B6 and BOX materials shall be held, tempering temperature for & minimum time of 1 h, Identifica- sion Symbol B 6X material may be furn'shed in the as-rolled- and-empored condition, Cold working is permitted with the ‘hardness limitation (26 HRC maximum) of Table 2 for the BOX grade. 63 All austenitic stainless stecls shall receive a carbide solution treatment. Classes 1, IB. 1C (Grades BER and BAS only), 2, 2B, and 2C ean apply w bar, wire, and finished fasteners. Class 1A (all grades) and Class 1C (grades BRRA and B8SA only) can apply to finished fasteners, Class ID applies only to bar and wire and finished fasteners that are machined directly from Class ID bar or wite without any subsequent hot of cold working. 63.1 Classes I and 1B, anu Class 1C Grades B8R and ‘BSS—Afer rolling of the bar, forging, or heading, whether {done hot or cold, the material shall be heated from ambient temperature and held a sufficient time atu temperature at which the chromium earbide will go into solution and then shall be s0oled at a rate sulficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide 632 Class 1D—Rolled or forged Grades B8. BEM, BSP, BSLN, BBMLN, BSN, BEMN, B&R, and B8S bar shall be cooled rapidly immediately following hot working while the temperature is above 1750°F [955°C}, so that grain boundary carbides are in solutioin, (sce A479-88 and subsequent revisions). Class 1D shall be restricted to applications. at temperatures less than $50°F [455°C] 6.33 Class 1A and Class IC Grades BBRA and BSSA— Finished fasteners shall be carbide solution weated after all rolling, forging. heading, and tiveading operations are com plete. This designation does not apply to starting material such as bar. Fasteners shall be heated from ambient temperature and ield a sulicient time at a temperature at which the chromium carbide will go into solution and then shall be cooled ata rate Sulficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide. 6.34 Classes 2, 2B, and 2C—Material shall be carbide solution treated by heating from ambient temperature and hholding a sufficient time st a temperature at which the chronmium carbide will go into solution and then cooling at a rate sufficient to prevent the precipitation of the carbide Following this treatment the material shall then be strain hardened to achieve the required properties Nore 4—Heat teatment following operations performed on a Tinited pomtion of the product, such ws heading, may result non-uniform gran Size and mechanical propecis dou the section allected 64 IF scale-free bright finish is required, this shall be specified in the purchase order. 65 B7 and BTM bolting material shall be heat weated by quenching ina liquid medium and tempering. For B7M bolting, the final heat treatment, which may be the tempering ‘operation if conducted at 1150°F (620°C) minimum, shall be done after all machining and forming operations, including ‘bread rolling, are complete. 6.5.1 Unless otherwise specified, material for Grade B7 may bbe heat treated by the Furnace, the Induction or the Electrical Resistance method. None 5-1 should be taken into consideration that sreselanation| ropemies may vary from heat lotto heat lot or these properties may vary fiom one heat eating metbod 10 another, The purchaser may specify Requirement SB, if stest-relasaion testing is desired 7. Chemical Composition 7.1 Each alloy shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed in Table I. Steels with added lead shall not he used 7.2 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element for the ordered grade to the extent that the steel conforms to the requirements of another grade for which that element is a specified element. Furthermore, clements present in concentea tions greater than 0.75 weight% shall be reported. Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods AT51 & leat Analy’ 8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the manufacturer to determine the perwentages of the elements specified in Section 7. This analysis shall be made from a test 102 102 Preset accord with accept betwec 102 shall & Table ‘aina 199/ 193M specimen taken during the pouring of the heat. The chemical composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser ‘or the purchaser's representative, and shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 7. For strand cast materials, the requirements of 8.2 and 8.3 of Specification A 788 shall be met. Should the purchaser deem it necessary to have the transition zone of two heats sequentially cast discarded, the porchaser shall invoke Supplementary Requirement S3 of ‘Specification A 788, 9, Product Analysis 9.1 An analysis may be made by the purchaser from samples representing the bolting material, The chemical com- position thus determined shall conform to the requirements of Section 7. 10, Mechanical Properties 10.1 Tensile Properties: 10.1.1 Requirements The material as represented by the tension specimens shall conform to the requirements pre- scribed in Table 2 at room temperature after heat treatment. 101.2 Method of Test— Tension test shall be made in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370, inctud- ing the parts of Annex A3" Steel Fasteners” upplicable to machined test specimens. ‘The speed of testing shall not exceed the limits specified in 11.4.1 of Test Methods and Definitions A370. The yield strength corresponding to a limiting perms nent offset of 0.2 % of the gage length of the specimen shall be determined. 10.1.3 Full Size Fasteners, Wedge Tensile Testing —When applicable, see 11.1.5, headed fasteners shall be wedge tested full size in accordance with Annex A3 of A 370 and shall conform to the tensile strength shown in Table 2. The minimum fall size breaking strength (Ibf) for individual sizes shall be as follows: To= UTS x As w Wealge tensile strength Tensile strength specified in Table 2, and As — Suess area, square inches, as shown in ANSI BI.I or calculated as follows: As = 0.785 (D- (0.9740)? e Nominal thread Size, and ‘The number of threads per inch, 10.2 Hardness Requirements: 10.2.1 The hardness shall conform to the requirements, brescribed in Table 2. Hardness testing shall be performed in accordance with cither Test Methods and Definitions A 370 or with Test Methods F606, Except for Grade BTM, final acceptance is based on tensile strength when there is a eontlict between tensile and hardness results 10.22 Grade 876 —The maximurn hardness of the grade shall be 235 HB or 99 HRB (conversion in accordance writ Table 2B of Test Methods and Definitions A370). The ‘rinimum hardness shall not be less than 200 HB or 93 HRB. "3 Conformance to this hardness shall be insured by testing the lnardness of each stud or bolt by Brinell or Rockwell B methods ‘im accordance with 10.2.1, The use of 100 % electromagnetic testing for hardness as an alternative to 100% indentation hardness testing is permissible when qualified by sampling using indentation hardness testing. Buch lot tested for hardness clectromagnetically shall be 100% examined in accordance with Practice E566. Following clectromagnetic testing for hardness a random sample of a minimum of 100 pieces of each hheat of steel in each purchase Tot (as defined in 11.1.3) shall be {ested by indentation hardness methods. All samples must meet hardness requirements to permit acceptance of the lot. If any ‘one sample is outside of the specified maximum or minimum hardness, the lot shall be rejected and either reprocessed and Fesampled or tested 100 % by indentation hardness methods. In the event a controversy exists relative to minimum strength, tension tests shall prevail over hardness readings. Product which has been 100 % tested and found acceptable shall have a fine under the grade symbol 10.2.2.1 Surface preparation for indentation hardness testing shall be in accordance with Test Methods E 18 Hardness tests shall be performed on the end of the bolt or stu When this is impractical, the hardness test shall be performed elsewhere, 11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 11.1 Bolts, screws, stud, and stud bolts shall be pointed and shall have a workmanlike finish, Points shall be flat and ‘chamfered or rounded at option of the manufacturer, Length of point on studs and stud bolts shall be not less than one nor more than two complete threads as measured fromn the extreme end paralle! to the axis. Length of studs and stud bolts shall be measured from first thread to frst thread. 11.2 Standard permissible variations for dimensions of bars shall be as preseribed in Table 3. Aside from the tolerance given in Table 3, additional tolerances for the basie materials are given ia Specification A 29/A 29M and. Specification AABAIA 484M, latest revisions, 11.3 Bolt heads shall be in accordance with the dimensions of ANSI B 18.2.1. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the Heavy Hex Screws Series should be used, except the maximum body diameter and radius of fillet may be the same as for the Heavy Hex Bolt Series, The body diameter and head Filet radius for sizes of Heavy Hex Cap Screws and Bolts that are not shown in their respective tables in ANSI B18.2,1 may be that shown in the corresponding Hex Cap Serew and Bolt Tables respectively. Socket head fasteners shall be in accordance with ANSI BIB. 12, Retests 12.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any test lot do not conform to the requirements specified, the manufacturer ‘may retreat such lot not more than (wice, in which ease wo additional tension tests shall be made from such lot, all of Which shall conform to the requirements specified 13, Test Specimens 13.1 Tension test specimens taken trom finished bolts, sorews, studs, oF stud bolts shall be machined to the form and erentoib a 193/ 193m TABLE 2. Permissible Variations in Size of Hot-Rolled Bars ‘Spot See ermissil Vanatans nom Specied Sas ‘oaaRow "oe — 0% 008 or 008 020 14 ioe bis Sone 218 0.008 023 (Over eto 4118) in ore 007 O48 oor 025 Over 22) 020 0.008 029 oor 00 Ove 6.128) 023 oo 028 oars ox (ver 1a 16 025 eon bas ons 038 (ver {eto Hs 2h te om oars 28 bor bas (Goer 1 fo 1 Sh nel 00 Go a0 bot. 0a var 14 12 hel 036 Bove oa Boat oss Over 18 1 25) ne ba te oat 023 058 Over? 502 eS ne 7 ° ° Saas Ose vor 2103 (00, ue ° ° 2035 O39 Over 150 5 ° o048 vr Gree toate ne 8 ° 08 var ve to Bie aie a ° 070 178 ee vf 7100) fet a 3 ° 0.085, aie dimensions and shall be taken from positions shown in 15. ‘Threads 3.2.1.7 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370, Tension Test specimens from bar stock are covered by Annex AI.3 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370, Annex AI. 13.1.1 Number of Tests— For heat-treated bars, one tension test shall be made for each diameter of each heat represented in ‘each tempering charge. When heat treated without interruption in continuous furnaces, the material in a lot shall be the same heat, same prior condition, same size, and subjected to the same heat treatment. Not fewer than two tension tests are required for each lot containing 20000 Ib [9000 kg] or less. Every additional 10000 Ib [4500 kg] or fraction thereof requites one additional test 13.1.2 For studs, bolts. screws, etc. one tension test shall be ‘made for each diameter of each heat involved in the lot. Each lot shall consist of the following: Diameter en (80 and or (50 48} Ovo: 19 [8] 2 65, nt Ove 21681 13.1.3 Tension tests are not required (0 be made on bolts, screws, studs, or stud bolts that are fabricated from heat-treated bars furnished in accordance with the requitemenls of this specification and tested in accordance with 13.1.1, provided they are not given 2 subsequent heat treatment. 13.1.4 Full Size Specimens, Headed Fasteners—Headed fasteners 1 in. in body diameter and smaller, with body length three times the diameter or longer, and which are produced by upsetting or forging (hot or cold) shall be subjected to full size testing in accordance with 10.1.3. This testing shall be in addition to tensile testing as specified in 10.1.1 and 10.1.2. The fot size shall be as shown in 13.1.2 Fuilure shall occur in the body or threaded section with no failure, oF indications of failure, such as cracks. atthe junction of the head and shank. ot sce 1300 f 780 Waco areot 4500 fs [2600 gor nono thereat 5000 8 [2700 hg] or hasion erect 100 pce or ache tera 14. Nuts 14.1 Bolts, studs, and stud bolts shall be furnished with ‘huts, when specified in the purchase order. Nuts shall conform, to Specification A 194/A 194M, 4 lc 15.1 All bolts, studs, stud bolts, and accompanying nuts, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order shall be threaded in accordance with ANST B1.1, Class 2A fit, sizes 1 in, (25 mm] and smaller in diameter with the coarse-thread series, and | ‘4 in. (28 mm] and larger in diameter with the 8-piteh-thread series 15.2 Where practical, all threads shall be formed after heat treatment, Class 1A, Grades B8A, BSCA, BEMA, BSPA, BSTA, BSLNA, BSMLNA, B8NA, B8MNA, and BSMLCUNA, and Class 1C Grades B8RA and BBSA are to be solution treated in the finished condition, 16. Inspection 16.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have entry, at alltime while work on the contract of the purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the place of manufacture that concern the manufacture of the material ordered. The ‘manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that thc material is being furnished in accordance with this specification. All tests (except product analysis) and inspection shall be made atthe place of manufacture prior to shipment, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order and shalt be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the ‘operation of the works, 17. Rejection and Rehearing 17.1 Unless otherwise specified in the basis of purchase, any rejection based on tests made in accordance with Section 9 shall be reported to the manufacturer within 30 days from the receipt of samples by the purchaser. 17.2 Material that shows defects subsequent to. its acceptance at the place of manufacture shall be rejected, and the manufacturer shall be notified 17.3 Samples tested in accordance with Section 9 that represent rejected material shall be preserved for 2 weeks from the date ofthe test report, In the case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the manulacturer may make claim for a rehearing within that time,ha 1939/8 199m 18. Certification 18.1 The producer ofthe raw material or fished fasteners shall farnish a cestifeation to the purchaser or his representative showing the resuls of the chemical analysis ‘macrocich examination (Carbon and Alloy Steels Only), and rechanical tests, and state the method of heat treatment employed. 182 Certification shall also include atleast the flowing: 182.1 Astatement that the material or the fasteners, or bath were manufactured, sampled, tested and inspected. in accordance with the specification and any supplementary requirements or other requirements designated in the purchase order or contract and was found to meet thove requirements 18.2.2 The specification number, year date. and identication symbol 19. Product Marking 19.1 Grade and manufacturer's identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs *in, [10 mm} in diameter and larger and to the heads of bolts in. [6 mm] in diameter and larger, (If the available area is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer's identification symbol marked on the other end.) The identification symbol shall be as shown in Table 4 and Table 5 Grade B7M which has been 100 % evaluated in conformance with the specification, shall have a line under the grade symbol to distinguish it from B7M produced to previous specitication Fevisions not requiring 100 % hardness testing. 19.2 For bolting materials, including threaded bars, that are fumished bundled and tagged or boxed, the tags and boxes shall carry the grade symbol for the material identification and the manufacturer's identification mark or name. 19.3 For purposes of identification marking, the ‘manufacturer is considered the organization that certifies the fastener was manufactured, sampled, tested, und inspected in accordance with the specification and the results have been determined to meet the requirements of this specification. 194 Bar Coding—tn addition to the requirements in 19) 193, and 19.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identification method. Bar coding should be consistent with TABLE 4 Marking of Ferttic Steels = waning a is bc 85 6x box Br er ame em an a6 a “For exianatons s60 1099 ara TB cy Case cass 14 ea sa Baca es aM 00 pa Bex eave ea BANA BoL ‘BMA Bx Bama baw BEML, aK uses 18 an ew avn bar BOMLCUN Ba cobs 16 an Bem eas B20 BSA Bor Cla 10 2 208 Ba as ep 296 an bar BEN 08 aN 200 Bean 8100 ean Biot 5s Broz oisee2 8 8 enc Bec ea oP or ar Ban an baw 2D ou ead Bavcus Bor ass 28 eve 596 Be = cogs 20 om 50H 3 Ghsses 1 1A 8,10, 2,20, ana 20 way be marked wih ae gooe OF ‘making Istes ines 10 may ony be marke Wt mag lat, AIAG Standard B-5 02.00. If used on small items, the bar code ‘may be applied to the box or a substantially applied tag. 20. Keywords 20.1 hardness: heat treatment aa NeWwe-ib 9193/0 199M ‘SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS ‘These requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order and in the Ordering Information, in which event the specified tests shall be made before shipment of the product. SL. High-Temperature Tests SILI. Tests to determine high temperature properties shall be made in accordance with Practice B21, and Practices E 139, 292, E150, and E 151 82. Charpy Impact Tests $2.1 Charpy impact tests based on the requirements of Specification A 320/A 320M, Sections 6 and 7 shall be made as agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. When testing temperatures are as low as those specified in Specification A 320/A 320M, bolting should be ordered to that specification in preference 16 this specification 83.100 % Hardness Testing of Grade B7M S31 Fach Grade B7M bolt or stud shall be tested for hardness by indentation method and shall meet the requirements specified in Tabte 2. S4, Hardness Testing of Grade B16 S4.1 For bolts or studs 2¥in. (65 mmm] or smaller, the hardness for Grade B16 shall be measured on or near the end cof each bolt or stud using one of the methods prescribed in 10.2.1 for the Brinell or Rockwell C test, The hardness shall be in the range 253-319 HB or 25-34 HRC. SS. Product Marking ‘$5.1 Grade and manufacturer's identification symbols shall be applied to one end of studs and to the heads of bolts of all sizes, (If the available ares is inadequate, the grade symbol may be marked on one end and the manufacturer's identification symbol marked on the other end.) For bolts smaller than Yin. {6 mm] in diameter and studs smaller than ¥% in. [10 mm] in diameter and for 4 in. {6 mm] in diameter studs requiring more than a total of three symbols, the marking shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, ‘$6. Stress Relieving 86.1 A stress-relieving operation shall follow straightening after heat treatment, $6.2 The minimum stress-relieving temperature shall be 100°F {55°C] below the tempering temperature. Tests. for ‘mechanical properties shalt be performed after stress relieving, S7. Magnetic Particle Inspection $7.1 Bars shall be magnetic particle examined in accordance with Guide E 709. Bars with indications of cracks Or seams are subject to rejection if the indications extend more than 3.% of the diameter into the bar. SB. Strese-Relaxation Testing S8.1 Stess-Relaxation Testing, when required, shall be done in accordance with Practice E328. The test shall. be performed at 850°F (454°C) for a period of 100 h, The initial stress shall be 50 M psi (345 MPa). The residual stress at 100 fh shall be U7 M psi (117 MPa) minimum, APPENDIXES (Nonmandatory Information) Xd. STRAIN HARDENING OF AUSTENITIC STEELS XI. Strain hardening is the increase in strength and hhardness. that results from plastic deformation below the feerystallization temperature (cold work). ‘This. effect is, produced in austenitic stainless steels by reducing oversized bars or wite to the desired final size by cold drawing or other paces. The degree of strain hardening achievable in any alloy is limited by its strain hardening characteristics. In addition, the amount of strain hardening that can be produced is further limited by the variables of the process, such as the (otal amount of cross-section reduction, die angle and bar size. n large diameter bars, for example, plastic deformation will ocear principally in the outer regions of the bar, so that the increased strength and hardness due to strain hardening is sichieved predominantly near the surface of the bar. That is, the smaller 36 the bar, the greater the penetration of strain hardening. X12 Thus, the mechanical properties of piven strain hardened fastener ae dependent not ust onthe alloy ut als on the sie of bar from hich it is machined. The minimutn bat size that can be wed, however, is-esablshed. by th | Configuration of the festncr. so that the configuration an | affect the strength ofthe fastener ! X13. For example, a stud of a particular alloy and size may | bbe machined from a smaller diameter bar than a bolt of the same alloy and size because a larger diameter bar is required 0 accommodate the head of the bolt. The stud, therefore, is likely | to be stronger than the same size bolt in a given alloy. INBRENUN eK eee e une a‘ba 193/193 X2. COMPARISON OF GRADE DESIGNATION MARKING. USED FOR AUSTENITIC STEEL IN VARIOUS EDITIONS OF A 193/4 193M. X21 See Table X2.1 for Mathing Cross References: TABLE X2.1 Marking Symbol Cross Reference cas Grade ‘ashing Symbol used Pre ‘Making Symbol Used w A 188) tag Symbal Ueea ATO Designaton 1oA (SMA 190M 6B 193M 39 a Wo = 82 ecu & 18HA 193M ote nd Later Vetsons r 5 Be Ey 58 8 € ' Bec 6c. B30 bac g 1 ett Bean an sant : 1 Ber esp ear BaP 1 Bsr eat Bsr eer 3 Ban ALN 1880 oy BeLN* BAF or BaLN 1 ‘BAN Ban 1831 or BaMLN*® BBG or BBM eA Bea Baa. Bea ECA BCA 1Bb2 or aac" 88 or BOCA Bawa awa B63 or BaNIA® BED or BOM 83% ‘aA (834 or aga aH or BPA ara BeTA 1885 ov BSTA* a) or Bara OLN BLA a6 or BaLNA* BEL or BELA Bana aun BST or BaMLNR* BK or BOMLNA Bana aN 888 or BNA" BV or Bana awa BONA 1889 or BOMNA® 23H or BBMINA BANE ‘BOK" o” BBMLCUNA san Ben wen aN ‘eatin aM 50 or B akin BBY ov Ban BBA. GONA 28103 or BAMA Cunt ° eavecun, 1892" or BaNLGuny 1b Bar eR bon BOA or BAR ip BRA Bana 2881 01 BsRA* {BoB 0 BeRA Bes. Bs B90 orb 85, 3 554 8S [BOF or BBA & Es Q Bent 385 6P B86 BEL ser BemLN 536 Ban 99 Baw 100. BaF B10 Bas, e102 85 83 88 Bac Bic Be Bae =P ar ear. Ber =r oN mR oR Ben on =m avn BERR BBY o: BSH eavecun — BOT" of ERTLCUN ae Bente B55 0 86 a Baus Benes Bans Bi or OM Case designation comrecied nen A 198A 159M Sia nas uniohes Chass © rac added whan A HA 190K -0YK wae pusichae The Amoncan Seca or Tsing ana Matas kes no poston rospecrg the vaksy of ry patent on mark with grade sel adie when A 19NA T8944 Ovo was mane sin any teen metoned ns andar. of xs standard we expressly aised tha detention of he ato So eon ete rihts ad te sk of mnrgernt of uch AON. Be sry et see a coy Tins standarscuset orion a ary re by {fret rosed ere reasoned man Yur commis 3° muted eer eesionel tes sandstows oooocre a eee and stout ba accessed 6 AST Headers, You" feonnea commitoo whe yu may ater yoy fet ariments nave not ecove fae hearing You shld te Yue ews known fe ASTM Garis on Standacs 100 Bar Purbor Env. 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