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Valve Selection Guide
Valve Selection Guide
Step 1 Calculating CV
Begin by calculating the valve flow coefficient (CV) using: operating pressure
differential; flow rate for your application; Specific Gravity; and in some
circumstances, temperature. If you already know your CV please go directly to Step 2.
CV combines the effects of all flow restrictions in the valve into a single number. CV
represents the quantity of water, at 68F and in gallons per minute (GPM) that will
flow through your valve with a 1psi pressure differential. CV can also be calculated for
gases.
Temperature and CV
Specific Gravity (SG) for liquid is the ratio of the density, or specific weight of the
liquid, relative to that of water. Similarly, the SG for gas is the ratio of the density, or
specific weight of the gas, relative to that of air. The SG of your media is important in
calculating CV because it directly correlates to the flow rate through your valve.
Liquid Flow
Because liquids are incompressible, their flow rate depends only on the difference
between the inlet and outlet pressures (P1 - P2 or P, pressure differential. Figure 1).
V = 3.08
GPM 3.08
=
V100 PSI
P1C=C
=
P
V
P2 = 40 PSI SG 100-40
1
SG = 1
CV =
= .398
Pressure differential is the difference between
3.08
P
the inlet and outlet pressures.
2 > P1
= .398
CV =
2
100-40
1
V
=
P
>
P
CV
Gas Flow
2
1
(P12 - P22 )
16.05
2
Since gases are compressible
(SG)fluids
T there are two separate equations for high and
P
SG
Where:
CV =
P
CV = Valve3.08
flow coefficient
SG
V
CV =
rate in GPM = .398
C V =V = Flow=100-40
C
V
P = Pressure1differential
(PSID) =
P
CV
3.08
SG = Specific Gravity
SG
CVP=2 > P1
2
100-40
1
3.08
= .398
CV =
V
VP
SG
P
SG
3.08
= .398
100-40
3.08
1
100-40
=
P
V2 > P1
= .398
C
V
1
100-40
2
1
CV =
P2 > P1
(P12 - P22 )
16.05
Gas
Flow CV Formula
P2 >(SG)
P1 T
low-pressure differential flow.
2
V
V
2
Low-pressure differential
flow is when P2 > P1
=
Example:
Using Air:
< 1 2
CV =
2V
V the following equation
C
and
P(P
2 2P
(P12 - P22 is
) used:
1 - P2 )
16.05
16.05
2 T
V (SG) T
V = 10 SCFM
(SG)
P2 <
P1
CV =
2
2
(P
V 1 - P2 )
P1 = 20 PSIG = 34.7 PSIA (20 + 14.7)
16.05
2
CV =
2
2
(P
P
)
(SG)
T
2
1
P2 = 0 PSIG = 14.7 PSIA (0 + 14.7)
16.05
CV =
(P12 - P22 )
(SG) T
16.05
SG = 1 P2 < P1 V
P2 <
P1
(SG) T
=
T =C72
F = 532
V
2 Rankine1(72 + 460)
V
2
<
13.61 P1
P
P
2
1
differential flow is when
(SG) differential
T
CV = High-pressure
Since this is high-pressure
flow (14.7 34.7 / 2),
< 1
2
and
the following
equation is used:
13.61
P1 P2 1P
we use the following equation:
P2 <
(SG)
T
P1
V
2
V
2
CV =
101
CV =
V
1
CV =13.61 P1 (SG) T
= .49
13.61 P1
T V=
V (SG) C
10
1
13.6134.7
Where:
=
CV CV =
(1) 532
= .4913.61 P1 V 1
(SG) T
1 1 C =
CV = Valve
flow Pcoefficient
13.6134.7
13.61
1
10
(SG) T V
1
(1)
532
V = Flow rate in10
SCFM
13.61 P1
(SG) T
CV =
= .49
P1 = Inlet
pressure
in
PSIA
=
C
= .49
V
1
13.6134.7
10
P2 = Outlet
pressure in PSIA
1
13.6134.7
(1) 532
=
10 (1)C532
= .49
SG = Specific Gravity
V
1
=
C
13.6134.7
= Rankine
.49 10
VT = Temperature
of gas in Degree
(1) 532 = .49
1
CV =
13.6134.7
16.05 and 13.61 are constants
in gas flow
1
(1) 532used
For help calculating your CV, please contact a Gems valve engineer at 800-378-1600
13.6134.7
equations
(1) 532
or info@gemssensors.com.
= .398
SOLENOID VALVES
CV =
J-2
Blocked Flow
Free Flow
SOLENOID VALVES
Gems specializes in the design and manufacturing of custom solenoid valves and
fluidic systems. If you dont see what youre looking for, or have a question, contact
us at 800-378-1600 or info@gemssensors.com.
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INTRODUCTION
Step 3 Identify Your Valve Series
Select possible valve series candidate using the overview charts below. Begin by
choosing the category for your application:
2- & 3-Way
Gas Only
Size
Sub-Miniature
CV Range
0.018 - 0.070
Miniature
Port
Configuration
#10-32
Manifold Mount
0.032 - 0.078
0.031 - 0.052
0.65, 2
Power (watt)
0.019 - 0.430
0.045 - 0.880
#10-32,
1/8, 1/4 NPT,
Manifold Mount
0.032 - 0.156
0.062 - 0.210
0.047 - 0.375
0.5, 1, 2
10
MOPD (psi)
175
250
100
1000
400
900
Valve Series
E, EH
G, GH
J-7, J-8
J-9, J-10
J-5, J-6
J-11, J-12
J-13, J-14
J-15, J-16
J-17, J-18
Pages
Function
Cryogenic
Isolation
Liquid
Miniature
Miniature
Media
Size
CV Range
0.045 - 0.440
0.040 - 0.770
0.020 - 0.300
Port
Configuration
#10-32,
1/8 NPT, 1/4 NPT,
Manifold Mount
0.046 - 0.188
0.046 - 0.250
0.032 - 0.156
Inert Isolation
Power (watt)
15
4.5, 7
MOPD (psi)
900
1000*
Valve Series
B-Cryo
D-Cryo
AS
BS
J-35, J-36
J-37, J-38
J-19, J-20
J-21, J-22
Pages
SOLENOID VALVES
For help selecting the additional options for your valve or if you want to confirm that
your selection is the best choice or work with an engineer on integrating a fluidic
system into your application, contact us at 800-378-1600 or info@gemssensors.com.
We are happy to assist. You can also place orders through these same channels.
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