Lecture Notes: Section 5.

1 Angles- degrees only

Definitions:
Line AB

Ray AB

An Angle is formed by rotating a ray about its endpoint.

Terminal side

Note, this is a positive angle.

Initial side
Negative angle

This angle can be called:

1. Angle
2. Angle A
3. Angle BAC or CAB

Note: Angles are measured in degrees or radians.

Chapter 5 deals with degrees, chapter 6 uses radians.
One complete revolution = 360 = 2 radians
We use Greek letters, like , , , to represent angles.
Definition: An angle, , is in STANDARD POSITION if its vertex is at the origin and the
initial side is on the positive x-axis.

Now, we can define some common angles in standard position.

Obtuse angle(greater than 90)

Right Angle (90)

Acute angle (less than 90)

Definitions:
1. Two positive angles are COMPLEMENTARY if the sum of their measures is 90.
2. Two positive angles are SUPPLEMENTARY if the sum of their measures is 180.
Example: If angle and angle are complementary angles, and = 62, then find .
= 90 62 = 28.
Thats easy.

Historically, angles are measured in Degrees, Minutes and Seconds, as in 481216.

These are still used when surveying. If you have a survey of a piece of land or house,
youll see angles presented in this manner.
One minute = 1/60 of a degree
One second = 1/60 of a minute or 1/3600 of a degree

Calculators:

Go now and put your calculator into degree mode. Under MODE, on
your calculator, you have a choice between degrees or radians. Choose degrees for now.
Example:
1. One of the boundaries of the lot my house sits on is South 622041West.
This will convert to
62 + 20/60 + 41/3600 = 62.344722
Using your calculator: 60 2nd Angle ENTER
20 2nd Angle ENTER
41 ALPHA ENTER This will give you the decimal equivalent.
Now, go the other way, from decimal to DMS:
2. Convert 48.765 to DMS
By hand:
48.765
= 48 + .765
= 48 + .765(60/)
= 48 + 45.9
= 48 + 45 + 9(60/)
= 484554
Now, by calculator: 48.765 2nd Angle, DMS, ENTER You get: 484554
Definition: Two angles measured from standard position, with the same initial and
terminal sides, but different measures, are called Coterminal Angles.
For instance 30 and 390 are coterminal angles.
Notice that they will differ by 360.
3. Find the smallest positive angle coterminal with
a. 745. 745 360= 385.
385 360 = 25. Then, the answer is 25.
b. -40.

360 40 = 320.

Now, try this one:

4. The second hand of a clock will move through how many degrees in 12 seconds?

The hand will travel 12/60 of a revolution.

Since there are 360 in one revolution, the second hand will travel
(12/60)rev(360/rev) = 72 Thats it!
But notice that if I use the correct conversion units, they will cancel out properly and you
will be left with the proper units.