Programmable Logic

Controllers
Day 3 Presentation
PLC Languages

Agenda
IEC 61131 Standard
Programming Models
Instruction List
Structured Text
Ladder Diagram
Function Block Diagram
Sequential Function Charts

Engineering

IEC 61131 Standard

Common and open framework
Loosely defined
Approved in 1992
Six Main Components
- IEC 61131-1 Overview
- IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
- IEC 61131-3 Data Types and Programming
- IEC 61131-4 User Guidelines
- IEC 61131-5 Communications
- IEC 61131-7 Fuzzy Control
Engineering

Programming Models
IL (Instruction List)
ST (Structured Text)
LD (Ladder Diagram)
FBD (Function Block Diagram)
SFC (Sequential Function Charts)

Engineering

Instruction List
Textual PLC Programming Language
Effectively Like Assembly Programming
Best Suited for Small Uncomplicated Programs
Instructions Consist of:
- Operator
- Modifier
- Operand
Example: AND NOT 00200
Engineering

Instruction List Example

Engineering

Instruction List Example 2

Engineering

Structured Text
Textual PLC programming language
Effectively like BASIC programming
Easiest to troubleshoot and understand
Useful for implementing calculation-intensive
functions and other difficult functions
Instructions consist of constructs
Example: Analog_Out := Error * Gain;

Engineering

Structured Text
* Sample Structured Text Code *
VAR
temp: INT;
error: BOOL;
END_VAR
temp := %IW4;
IF temp > 3200 THEN
error := TRUE;
%QW := 200;
ELSE
%QW := temp / 16;
END_IF;
Engineering

(comments)
(variables)

(addresses)

Ladder Diagram
Primary programming language
Resembles original relay logic documentation
Addressing and memory is different for every
manufacturer
Ladder logic scanning (rung order vs. network
column)
Not purely parallel processor like relay logic

Engineering

Ladder Diagram

Engineering

Function Block Diagram

Graphical data-flow programming method
Interconnected blocks
Similar to Ladder Logic

Engineering

Function Block Diagram Example

Engineering

Sequential Function Charts

Graphical method for structuring programs
Design tool for sequential problems
Consists of:
- Interconnected steps
- Actions
- Transitions

Engineering

Sequential Function Chart

Example

Engineering

Next Class!
Diagnostics

Engineering