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MATHEMATICS
STD. VIII
MATHEMATICS DIGITAL
TEXT BOOK
CLASS VIII
JANCY JOSE
B.Ed Mathematics
Reg. No. 18014350008
CONTENT
Chapter 1
IDENTITIES
Product of sums.1
square of a sum..2
Product of difference.4
sum and difference.5
Chapter 2
MONEY MATH
Interest for interest7
Another method.8
Changing times...9
Quarterly compounding10
Increasing and decreasing..11
CHAPTER-I
IDENTITIES
Product of sums
To get 15x9 from 12x7
=(50+1)(50+1)
(50+1)(50+1)
= (50x50)+(50x1)+(1x50)+(1x1)
=2500+50+50+1
=2500+50+51
Let us see how to write it in algebra
To get (x+1)2 from x2, we must add x and the next number
x+1 to x2
(x+1)2
= (x+1) (x+1)
= (xxx)+( xx1)+(1xx)+(1x1)
= x2+x+(x+1)
(x+1)2
=x2+2x+1
For example:
(10)2 =(10+)2
=102+(2x10x)+()2
=100+10+
=110
(x+y)2=x2+y2+2xy; for any two positive numbers x,y
ii) 105
iii) 20
=60000
300x5
=1500
2x200
=400
2x5
=10
Then 298x195
=60000-1500-400+10
=58500-390
=58110
How about algebra
From
this,
(x-y)(u-v)=xu-xv-yu+yv,
for all positive
2
(x-y)
= (x-y)
(x-y)
numbers x,y,u,v
with
x>y and u>v
=x2-xy-yx+y2
=x2-2xy+y2
(x-y)2=x2+y2-2xy; for all positive numbers x,y with
x>y
Example:
992
=(100-1)2
=1002-2x100x1+12
=10000-200+1
=9801
1)49
2) 98
3)7
203x302
=(200+3)(300+2)
=60000+400+900+6=61306
197x298
=(200-3)(300-2)
=6000-400-900+6=58706
What is about
203x298
=(200+3) (300-2)
=200x300-200x2+3x300-3x2
= xxx-xxy+yxx-yxy
=x2-xy+yx-y2
=x2-y2
=(100-25)x(100+25)
=1002-252
=10000-625
=9375
ii) (124x76)-(126x74)
CHAPTER-2
MONEY MATH
Suppose 15,000 rupees is deposited for 2 years at 10%
interest what is the interest get after 2 years?
solution:
Interest, I
= PNR
=15,000x(10/100)x2
=Rs.3000
Interest for interest
10% Interest
=Rs.10500
=10500+ 525
=Rs.11025
interest is 8%. How much would she get back after one
year?
Solution:
Since interest is compounded half yearly interest has to be
calculated twice a year. Since the interest is 8% each year, then
it is 4% for 6 months.
Interest for the 1st 6 months = 12000 x 4/100
=Rs.480
This is added to 12000,
12000+480=12480
Interest for the next 6 months=12480 x 4/100
=Rs.499.20
Similarly we can calculate the amounts after different periods
of time.
Quarterly compounding
There are also a scheme in which interest is calculated
compounded every three month. Such a method is called
quarterly compounding.
Suppose Ambili made her deposit in a bank which compounds
interest quarterly.
She would get 2% interest every 3 months