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Thyristor Voltage Controller - 100494P
Thyristor Voltage Controller - 100494P
Name
: S.B.N.S.Senanayake
Group members :
Index No
: 100494P
Group
: G-11
Field
: Electrical Engineering
Date of submission
: 01.07.2014
OBSERVATION SHEET
NAME
: S.B.N.S.Senanayake
INDEX NO
: 100494P
PRACTICAL
GROUP NO
: G11
DATE OF PER.
: 17/06/2014
INSTRUCTED BY
IL (DC A)
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.04
0.06
0.09
0.12
0.13
Vin (V)
98
100
99
99
99
98
98
98
98
98
98
ER (V)
22
21.5
21
20.5
20
18.5
16.5
14
10
5
0
EC (V)
8.5
9
10
10.5
12
13.5
15
16.5
20
25
27
IL (DC A)
0.11
0.11
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
0.21
0.27
0.30
0.41
0.44
Vin (V)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
98
98
98
ER (V)
22.5
22
21.5
20.5
19.5
18
18.5
13.5
10
5
0
EC (V)
10.5
11
11.5
12.5
13
14
15
17
18
21
22.5
Vin (V)
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
98
98
ER (V)
22.5
22
21.5
20.5
19.5
18.5
16.5
14.5
10.5
4.5
0
EC (V)
10.5
11
11.5
12.5
13
14
15
16.5
19
21.5
22.5
IL (A)
0
0
0
0
0.1
0.1
0.14
0.18
0.22
0.23
0.23
AC voltage controller
Load Voltage
CALCULATION
(a) Single phase half wave controller
Sample calculation
( )
Delay Angle
Using the 9th row data which were obtained for single phase half wave controller practical,
Output Voltage
Theoretical VL (V)
Delay angle
5.73
137.75
6.71
134.57
8.24
129.07
9.26
125.76
11.80
118.07
15.33
107.76
19.96
95.45
25.65
80.63
36.20
50.13
42.42
22.62
44.12
Delay Angle
Using the 9th row data which were obtained for single phase full wave controller practical,
Output Voltage
Theoretical VL (V)
(
(
)
)
Delay angle
16.10
129.97
18.01
126.87
20.03
123.72
24.40
117.25
27.70
112.62
33.94
104.25
35.71
101.93
55.21
76.91
67.42
58.11
83.50
26.78
88.23
Delay angle
Using the 9th row data which were obtained for AC Voltage Controller practical,
( )
(
Output Voltage
Theoretical VL (V)
Delay angle
34.73
129.97
37.97
126.87
40.67
123.72
46.61
117.25
50.89
112.62
57.17
105.77
66.11
95.45
76.34
82.62
90.66
57.85
97.30
23.64
98.00
GRAPHS
Delay angle
Theoretical VL (V)
Practical VL (V)
137.75
5.73
134.57
6.71
129.07
8.24
125.76
9.26
118.07
11.80
107.76
15.33
10
95.45
19.96
12
80.63
25.65
18
50.13
36.20
28
22.62
42.42
37
44.12
42
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
Practical
100
120
140
160
Delay angle
Theoretical VL (V)
Practical VL (V)
129.97
16.10
11
126.87
18.01
12
123.72
20.03
14
117.25
24.40
17
112.62
27.70
20
104.25
33.94
24
101.93
35.71
32
76.91
55.21
45
58.11
67.42
60
26.78
83.50
76
88.23
84
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
Delay angle (Deg)
Theoritical
Practical
100
120
140
Delay angle
Theoretical VL (V)
Practical VL (V)
129.97
34.73
26
126.87
37.97
30
123.72
40.67
34
117.25
46.61
40
112.62
50.89
42
105.77
57.17
48
95.45
66.11
56
76.34
68
57.85
90.66
82
23.64
97.30
94
98.00
98
82.62
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
0
20
40
60
80
Practical
100
120
140
DISCUSSION
1. Light dimmers
Light dimmer are used to vary the intensity of the light. It can be done by varying the supplied
power to the light. And the power supplied to the light can be changed by changing the voltage.
Thyristors can change voltage wave form by changing the firing angle. That results the variable
rms value of the voltage at lamp. This allows only parts of the waveform to pass to the lamp.
The brightness of the lamp is determined by the power transferred to it. Higher the firing angle
greater the waveform chopped resulting low power delivered to lamp and then more it dims.
Since modern thyristors can switch power on the scale of megawatts, thyristor valves
have become the heart of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) conversion either to or
from alternating current by means of both electrically triggered (ETT) and light triggered
(LTT) thyristors. The valves are arranged in stacks usually suspended from the ceiling of
a transmission building called a valve hall. Thyristors are arranged into a diode
bridge circuit and to reduce harmonics are connected in series to form a 12 pulse
converter. Each thyristor is cooled with deionized water, and the entire arrangement
becomes one of multiple identical modules forming a layer in a multilayer valve stack
called a quadruple valve. Three such stacks are typically mounted on the floor or hung
from the ceiling of the valve hall of a long distance transmission facility.
A motor soft starter is a device used with AC electric motors to temporarily reduce the
load and torque and electrical current surge of the motor during startup. Electrical soft
starters can use to control the current flow and therefore the voltage applied to the motor.
Typically, the voltage is controlled by reverse-parallel-connected silicon-controlled
rectifiers (thyristors), but in some circumstances with three-phase control, the control
elements can be a reverse-parallel-connected SCR and diode.
Thyristor-assisted tap changers use thyristors to take the on-load current while the main
contacts change over from one tap to the next. This prevents arcing on the main contacts and
can lead to a longer service life between maintenance activities.
6. Induction heating
Induction heaters convert the supplied electrical energy to heat energy. And the electrical
energy is controlled by a voltage regulator. Typically an induction heater operates at
either medium frequency or radio frequency ranges. Three main components form the
basis of a modern induction heater including the power unit (power inverter), the work
head (transformer) and the coil (inductor). Power control for the system can be achieved
by a variety of methods. Many latter day units feature thyristor power control which
works by means of a full wave AC drive varying the primary voltage to the input
transformer. And there are also some other voltage regulators too.
REFERENCES
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_controller
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_heater