PERIOD 2

SOLID:
- Fixed shape, fixed volume (Shape will not change, the amount of the substance will not
change)
- Particles are tightly packed together, vibrating in the same place
- Strong attractive forces between the particles
EX: Rock
LIQUID:
- Particles are loose, they can move past each other
- No fixed shape, BUT a fixed volume (we can change the container, but the amount will
remain the same)
- Attractive forces are not as strong as those in a solid; however, stronger than the forces in
a gas
Ex: Water
GAS:
- No fix shape, no fixed volume (Can take form of any shape, volume is able to expand/or
be compressed)
- Particles are far apart, weak attractive forces
- Particles move freely (random motion)
Ex: Nitrogen
PLASMA:
- Rarity on Earth (Not usually found on Earth- Found in space- STARS, LIGHTNING)
- Broken particles-electric charges
- Usually occurs at high temperatures (Can occur in low temperatures)

PERIOD 4:
SOLID:
- Fixed shape, fixed volume (shape will not change, same amount of mass)
- Particles are close/compact together (vibrating)
- Strong attractive forces
Ex: Rock
LIQUID:
- Fixed volume, but not fixed shape (the amount of liquid stays the same, but the shape of
the container can change)
- Particles are close together (but they can still slide past each other)
- Attractive forces are not as strong as the particles in a solid, but they are stronger than gas
particles
Ex: Mountain Dew
GAS:
- No fixed volume, no fixed shape
- It will expand to fit the container
- Particles move in random motion and change directions/speed when they hit other
particles
- Attractive forces are weak
Ex: Oxygen
PLASMA:
- Found in space (lightning and stars)
- Not commonly found on Earth
- It usually occurs at high temperatures (but can occur at low temperatures)
- Also found in fluorescent lights

PERIOD 5
SOLID:
- Fixed shape and fixed volume (they always have the same shape and the same
mass/amount)
- Particles are close together (not a lot of movement, VIBRATING)
- Attractive forces in a solid- STRONG
Ex: solid
LIQUID:
- No fixed shape, but a fixed volume (takes shape of the container its in, amount stays the
same)
- The attractive forces in a liquid are not as strong as the forces in a solid, BUT stronger
than forces in a gas
- Particles in a liquid are close together (free to move past each other)
Ex: Water
GAS:
- No fixed volume, no fix shape (it changes shape- it can expand/contract to its
surrounding)
- Particles are far apart- easily disturbed once they collide they change direction (random
motion)
- Attractive forces in a gas are weak
Ex: Helium
PLASMA:
- Not commonly found on Earth
- Examples: stars, lightning and fluorescent lights