Unit 3: Photosynthesis and

Cellular Respiration

Page 5 of notes:
1. MC.3.B.1Compare and contrast the
structure and function of mitochondria
and chloroplasts.

Both Mitochondria and Chloroplasts

Are organelles (little organs)
Found inside cells

Mitochondria
Structures:
Cristae: inner folds inside the
mitochondria

Mitochondria

Function:
Cellular respiration:
to break down chemical energy
(food) and transform it to usable
energy (ATP).

Mitochondria

Other info:
Have 2 membranes
Have their own DNA
Found in plant cells and animal
cells

Chloroplast
Structures:
Thylakoids: sac-like photosynthetic
membranes
Grana(um): stacks of thylakoids
Stroma: area/region outside of the
thylakoids/grana
Lumen: area inside thylakoids/grana

Chloroplast

Function:
Photosynthesis:
To absorb light energy and
transform it into stored or
chemical energy (food/glucose)

Chloroplast

Other info:
Have 2 membranes
Have their own DNA
Found in plant cells only
Contain chlorophyll (pigment
that absorbs light)

Pages 6-10 of notes:

2. MC.3.B.2Describe and model the
conversion of stored energy in organic
molecules into usable cellular energy:
glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron
transport chain.
&
3. MC.3.B.3Compare and contrast
aerobic and anaerobic respiration: lactic
acid fermentation, alcoholic fermentation

ATP
ATP: adenosine TriPhosphateENERGY

3rd phosphate bond holds lots of energy

Break it = release energy (use)
Make it = absorb energy (store)

Other high energy molecules:

Ready for energy
(empty)

High energy!
(full)

NADP+

+ 2e- & H+

NADPH

NAD+

+ 2e- & H+

NADH

FADH

+ 2e- & H+

FADH2

These molecules carry electrons and

hydrogen ions from one place to
another.

Cell Respiration Jig-Saw

Get into Groups of 3
Each of you will be responsible for 1 part of the
Cellular Respiration Process
1. Glycolysis pg.223
2. Krebs Cycle pg.227
3. Electron Transport Chain pg.228
Read/overview the portion in the text and share
with your group members.

Cellular Respiration:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + *ATP
(glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy)

glucose

*Occurs in cytoplasm

2 ATP

glycolysis
Pyruvate
(pyruvic acid)

aerobic

is
2
If O sent
pre

NADH
carried
to ETC

If
pr O2
es i
en s
t

Cellular Respiration:

CO2

Krebs cycle

NADH
FADH2

Electron Transport
Chain
H2O

NADH
carried
to ETC

2 ATP

O2
32 ATP

Team Time: Discussion

What do you think Creatine is and why is it
important?
Is Cardio the most important exercise to burn
fat?
Whats the best exercise if I want to feel more
energy through the day?

How did they Die?

Cyanide discussion in houses.

Part IPartIIPart III-

Team Time: Challenge

What are the two processes for cells
to make energy when no O2 is
present?
Where does Cellular Respiration
Occur?
How many ATP is made throughout
all of Cellular Respiration?

Team Time: Challenge

Take out our Muscles and Energy
packet from yesterday
Study your notes on Cellular
Respiration and Fermentation from
your notes packet
Quiz!!!

Cellular Respiration:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + *ATP
(glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy)

glucose
glycolysis
anaerobic

If
O2
pr NOT is
es
en
t

Pyruvate
(pyruvic acid)

2 ATP

w/
O o

Cellular Respiration:
Lactic acid
fermentation

Lactic
acid
and

NAD+

OR

Alcoholic
fermentation

alcohol
and

CO2
and

NAD+

anaerobic

Cellular Respiration Summary: If there is

Oxygen present
STEP 1

STEP 2

STEP 3

NAME OF
PROCESS

Glycolysis

Krebs Cycle

Electron
Transport Chain

WHAT HAPPENS

-Glucose goes
through reactions
to become 2
pyruvates.
-2 ATP made
-NADH carries
Hydrogens to ETC

-Pyruvates broken
down to give off
CO2
-2 ATP
-NADH & FADH2
carries Hydrogens
to ETC

-Hydrogens
dropped off by
NADH & FADH2
-Go through
reactions and join
with inhaled
oxygen to make
water.
-32 ATP made

WHERE IT
OCCURS

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Mitochondria

Cellular Respiration Summary: If there is

NO Oxygen present
STEP 1

STEP 2 (can do either lactic acid

or alcoholicnot both)

NAME OF
PROCESS

Glycolysis

Lactic Acid
Fermentation

Alcoholic
Fermentation

WHAT HAPPENS

-Glucose goes
through reactions
to become 2
pyruvates.
-2 ATP made
-NADH carries
Hydrogens to ETC

Pyruvates enter
fermentation and
are converted to
lactic acid and
NAD+

Pyruvates enter
fermentation and
are converted to
alcohol, CO2, and
NAD+

WHERE IT
OCCURS

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm

Pages 11-15 of notes:

4. MC.3.B.4Describe and model the
conversion of light energy to chemical
energy by photosynthetic organisms:
-light dependent reactions
-light independent reactions.

Photosynthesis

sunlight

6H2O + 6CO2 6O2 + C6H12O6

(water + carbon dioxide + oxygen + glucose)

Photosynthesis
2. Water H2O

5. Carbon dioxide CO2

1. sunlight

3.

A. thylakoids

6.

B. Stroma
4. Oxygen O2

7. Glucose C6H12O6

Photosynthesis
A. Light Dependent Reaction takes place in
the thylakoids.
B. Calvin Cycle (Light Independent
Reactions) take place in the stroma.

Photosynthesis Summary:
STEP 1

STEP 2

NAME OF
PROCESS

Light Dependent
Reactions

Light Independent
Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

WHAT HAPPENS

-Sunlight absorbed
-Water taken in and
broken apart to release
oxygen
-NADPH carries
Hydrogens to LIR
-ATP made and goes to
LIR

-NADPH drops off

hydrogens
-CO2 taken in
-ATP used to reassemble
Cs, Hs, and Os into
glucose

WHERE IT
OCCURS

Thylakoids of chloroplast

Stroma of chloroplast

Photosynthesis
Step 1

Step 2

Process
Name

Light Dependent
Reactions

Light Independent
Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

What
Happens

Sunlight absorbed.
Water taken in and
broken down. Oxygen
given off and Hydrogens
carried via NADPH.
ATP is also made.

Hydrogens dropped off,

carbon dioxide taken in.
ATP is used to
reassemble the Cs, Os,
and Hs into Glucose.

Where it
Occurs

In the thylakoids of the

chloroplast

In the stroma of the

chloroplast

Pages 16-17 of notes:

5. MC.3.B.5Compare and contrast
cellular respiration and photosynthesis
as energy conversion pathways.

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Organelle:

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

Reactants:

Glucose & oxygen

Carbon dioxide &

water

Products:

Carbon dioxide, Water, &

ATP

Glucose & oxygen

Steps listed
in order:

Aerobic:
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron
Transport

Light dependent
reactions & Light
independent
reactions (Calvin
Cycle)

Function:

Anaerobic:
Glycolysis
Fermentation

To make ATP (usable

energy) from chemical
energy (glucose)

To make chemical
energy (glucose)
from light energy