EXPERIMENT NO.

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DATE:17-06-15

ELEMENTARY SIGNAL GENERATION

AIM:
To generate the standard discrete time signal
a. Unit Impulse
b. Unit Step Signal
c. Unit Ramp Signal
d. Sinusoidal signal
e. Exponential signal

THEORY:
Signals that are discrete in time but continuous in amplitude are referred to as discrete-time
signals. Some discrete time signals that we encounter frequently are,
1. Unit Impulse Sequence
The unit impulse sequence is defined by
[n] = 1, n = 0,
0, n 0.
2. Unit Step Sequence
The unit step sequence is one that has an amplitude of zero for negative indices
and an amplitude of one for non-negative indices.
u[n] = 1, n 0,
0, n0.
3. Unit Ramp Sequence
The unit ramp sequence r[n]=n u[n] is defined by
r[n] = n, n 0,
0, n < 0.
4. Sinusoidal Signal
The sinusoidal signal is defined by y[n] = Asin(n).
5. Exponential Signal
The exponential signal is defined by x[n] = = A n, - x .

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ALGORITHM:
Step1: Start
Step 2: Define the length of impulse sequence.
Step 3: Generate unit impulse function by defining 1 at n=0 location and 0 at n 0
Step 4: Generate unit step function by defining 1 at n0 location and 0 at n<0
Step 5: Generate unit ramp function by defining n at n0 location and 0 at n<0
Step 6: Generate exponential function by defining A.^n or exp function
Step 7: Define period N
Step 8: Find frequency f= 1/N
Step 9: Generate sinusoidal signal using sine function
Step 10: Plot the waveforms using stem command
Step 11: Stop

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PROGRAM:
% Elementary signal generation
n=-10:10;
x1=1;
x2=0;
% unit impulse
x=x1.*(n==0)+x2.*(n~=0);
subplot(3,2,1)
stem(n,x);
title('impulse');
xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');

%to plot discrete signals

% unit step
y=x1.*(n>0)+x2.*(n~=0);
subplot(3,2,2)
stem(n,y);
title('unit step');
xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');
% unit ramp
z=n.*(n>=0)+x2.*(n<0);
subplot(3,2,3)
stem(n,z);
title('ramp');
xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');
% exponential
y=exp(n);
subplot(3,2,4)
stem(n,y);
title('exponential');
xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');
% sinusoidal
N=10;
f=1/N;
s=sin(2*pi*f*n);
subplot(3,2,5)
stem(n,s);
title('sinusoidal');
xlabel('time');
ylabel('amplitude');
axis([-10 10 -1.5 1.5])

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RESULT:
Generated the elementary discrete time signal and plotted the waveforms

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