Morphology and Syntax

(summary)

By:
Flrez Caraballo Homer Arley
Mosquera Romaa Yarlesis
Hidalgo Murillo Edward R.

Content:

A. MORPHOLOGY

WHAT IS MORPHOLOGY?
WHAT ARE MORPHEMES?
BOUND AND FREE MORPHEMES
DIFFERENT KINDS OF MORPHEMES

B. SYNTAX

1. WHAT IS SYNTAX?
2. BASIC ELEMENTS OF THE SENTENCE
3. PARTS OF SPEECH: WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF
WORDS?
a. Verb
b. Noun
c. Pronoun
d. Adjective
d. Adverb
e. Preposition
f. Conjunction g. Interjection

Morphology:

What is morphology?

Morphology is the study of word structure. When

linguists study morphology, they are interested in the
different categories of morphemes that make up words
as well as morphological processes for forming new
words.

What are morphemes?

Morphemes are the smallest meaningful pieces of

language that make up words. Words may consist of
one or more morphemes.

Different kinds
of morphemes:
Bound and Free Morphemes:
Bound:

A bound morpheme is a morpheme that cannot stand

alone as an independent word, but must be attached to another
morpheme/word. E.g: shipMENT: police intercepted a shipment
of arms. ASymmetrical: my ruler is asymmetrical.

Free:

A free morpheme is a morpheme that can stand alone as

an independent word (e.g. Car, church, Person, House').

Syntax:
What is syntax:

In linguistics, syntax is the study of the principles and

rules for constructing sentences in natural languages.

Syntax is also used to refer directly to the rules and

principles that govern the sentence structure of
any individual language. While morphology looks at
how the smallest linguistic unit (called morphemes)
are formed into complete words, syntax looks at
how those words are formed into complete
sentences.

Basic elements of the

sentence.
Subject + Predicate.
Subject:
The subject of a sentence is the person,
place, thing, or idea that is doing or being
something. You can find the subject of a
sentence if you can find the verb. Ask the
question, "Who or what 'verbs' or 'verbed'?"
and the answer to that question is the
subject.

Basic elements of the

sentence.
Predicate:
A predicate is the completer of a sentence. The
subject names the "do-er" or "be-er of the sentence;
the predicate does the rest of the work. A simple
predicate consists of only a verb, verb string, or
compound verb:

- The glacier melted.

- The glacier has been melting.
- The glacier melted, broke apart, and
slipped into the sea.