SW 441

The Elaboration Model

Elaboration Model
Bivariate Analysis
A way of achieving statistical control

Discovering

an association isnt enough; we

need to rule out other plausible explanations
Crosstabs provide one way of addressing this
challenge
Replication
Spurious
Suppressor

Salary Example
Social Worker Salaries
by Gender
Men
Women

< $40,000

> $40,000

37%

63%

62%

38%

Salary Type of Position/Gender

Clinical
Men
Women

Administrative

< $40

> $40

70%
76%

30%
24%

< $40

Men
Women

15%
20%

> $40

85%
80%

Board Support of Administrator by

Gender

Board Support?
Yes No
Men
74% 26%
Women 73% 27%

Men
Women

Small Agencies

Larger Agencies

(< 60 Employees)

(> 60 Employees)

Yes

No

68%
93%

32%
7%

Yes

Men
Women

80%
54%

No

20%
46%

Chi Square
Test of Association
Goodness of Fit

Observed Frequencies Expected Frequencies

Chi Square =

Expected Frequencies

Interpreting the strength of Chi

Square Measures of Association
Magnitude of
Cramers V or Phi
Less than .10
.11 - .25
.26 - .40
.41 - .50
Over .50

Strength of Association
Weak
Weak to Moderate
Moderate
Moderate to Strong
Strong