PROSPECT -STUDENT’S BOOK ADVANCED KEN WILSON « JAMES TAYLOR DEIRDRE HOWARD-WILLIAMSPROSPECTS STUDENT’S BOOK ADVANCED KEN WILSON e JAMES TAYLOR DEIRDRE HOWARD-WILLIAMSContents Ae eters Per Pre Unit 1 Advertising ‘Auxiliary verbs in place Understanding words Writing an advertisement ‘Newt Improved! ‘of clauses: ‘and expressions from the context Unit 2 ‘Cultural diferences Linkers (1) Reading ‘between the Combining simple sentences Culture clash lines’ ‘into complex sentences: Unit 3 ‘Transport Passives Scanning for specific Writing an account of. ‘rains and boats information in a text a journey and planes Unit 4 rsh and American Non-defining relative Recognising when and ——_Blographical details Working with writers causes; verbs of ‘where a tex was writen Unit 5 ‘Ancient civilisations boeatane ie Ree Understanding complex Aeplcsion ra Lost and found words from contexts travel grant Unit 6 Past present Partcipial clauses (1) Predicting the ends of Writing alter of sympathy Changes paragraphs Unit 7 ‘The changing face of |The same word as Reading and adding what Application leter for a job Surfing the workand technology ferent part ofspeech you know Internet Unit 8 Fears and phobias Prepositions atthe end of Dealing nih ulnowe ae ‘What are you eee care words and expressions afraid off in context Unit 9 Pop music and classical Question tags Recognising positive, Comparing two events The food of love music ‘negative and neutral comments Unit 10 rood and heath Dovdid auxiliaries for Matching definitions and Food diary ‘You are what contrast and emphasis words from the text you eatery Listening Poe) Omron ~ Contents ‘Dealing with telephone Listening for specific Sound pracice: minimal pars English around you: acpere lak) (eiemenee advertisements ‘Summarising the opinions Listening to confirm or ‘Word siress in long words Writer's block: describing ofa group deny information Interactive English: asking about culuraldiferences ‘Talking about a personal Making notes asking questions Wordbuilder adjectives 4 experience for more details ‘and adverbs Find out more about your airport or ralvay station Saying what you already know Listening for specific Intonation: questions On air: radio arts programme 18 about alist of authors {information Talking about ambitions Ping events in order Soclal sks talking to strangers. 24 ‘Vox pop: ambitions Plus-minus discussion listening and making notes _Sound practice: diphthongs Interactive English: describing 30, of unfamiliar words and where you live expressions Discussing website design Listening for specific Changing stress in ‘Writers’ block: expressing 34 information nouns/adjectives opinions English: dealing with a job interview: Finding people who share Listening for specific ‘Speaking v writing: 40 your opinion information of which/to which ec. Sejag bon kow show soit Invonation: rising and falling On ir: radio programme 44 ‘composers and music ‘question tags Music Role play: famous person Hib Survey and debate: Checking for changed Vox pop: vegetarians and 530 cating meat information fastfoodCONTENTS Prati Ares Reading Pet Unit 11 ireland ‘The past perfect Reading for specific ‘Comparison of two reading Atale of two cities: information texts Unit 12 ta Linkers (2) Intensive reading Formal v informal, On the road phrasal verbs or not phrasal verbs Unit 13 Relationships ‘Time expressions _-—Trueffalse; expressing News report Love at first ideas in your own words sight Unit 14 rims and film-making Inversions in conditional Finding a place for ‘Symthesising information Making movies sentences ‘extra information {om diferent sources Unit 15 Politics and democracy Revision of: passives — past. Understanding real ‘Woiting a biography Vote for met simple and coins, menting of words adverbs, (if irony or sarcasm is. reported speech being used) Unit 1 Modern Art Partcipial dauses (2) Scanning a “Application for an 7 Ant Noises aa mee eee Unit 17 caturatandreligous caustve veer Reporting what you have Writing about an event in lets celebrate! events Jearnt from a text your town/country Unit 18 the eavironment Gerunds and infiniives Recognising arguments Les Disappearing for and against World Unit 19 oery Comparisons with ike Reading and understanding Writing a leier of Lines that rhyme and as poetry introduction Pra) rd Unit 20 Future dangers from space General revision ‘Explaining individual lines Speculating about the Disaster! of atext description of a place rence) Extra! Grammar Summary |erred een Crone Coreen eg Saying what you already know Listening for information Similar sounds 56 about atopic which has changed Discussing road movies Listening to confirm or Wordbuilder: mindmaps 60, and journeys ‘deny predictions ‘Wiriter’s block: deserbing places Interactive English: anecdotes Contents Roleplay: phone conversation Listening for speciic Intonation: stress changes in Speaking vweting formal and 66 information and listening sentences informal — accepting and for sress refsng invitations ‘Talking about film styles Listening for specific Word stress: words with Writers block: reporting what 70 information changing sess people suid On air; obitary programme Discussion about a Recognising and understanding 16 reading text opinions for and against Plus-minus debate listening for specific ‘Sound practice: sound Role play: interview 82 ‘information clusters ‘Talking about your own Listening for specific ‘Word stress: compound nouns. 86 cultural rituals information Giving your opinion about life Making notes from a radio Intonation: enthusiasm and 92 ‘on other planets ‘programme ‘partial agreement Discussing poetry listening to a poem — 6 ‘comparing to reading ‘Talking about a hypothetical Deciding if statements are Social skills: 102 situation true or false ‘interrupting and turn-taking 108, 128T 1 New! Improved! Edgar Watson Howe, Advertsing Executive First Impression Look atthe car advertisement on this page and answer these questions: '¢ What isthe first thing you notice about the advertisement? What kind of customer is it aimed at? + What kind of customer are other car advertisements, aimed ae? «Are car advertisements the same in your country? Reading Before you read the text, 100k at these words. Are they verbs in the third person present tense oF plural nouns? Which could be both? Read the text and check the answers to activity a Note down the number of words in the text derived from the word advertise. ¢ Explain these expressions in your own words. terrestrial TV channels (ine 1) 4 costs a fortune (line 13) at peak times (ine 15) big-name film and TV directors Qline 20) one advert was banned (line 40) upholds a handful of them (ine 44) Explain these references. 1 advertising is permitted on three of them (ine 2) three of what? 2 actors do too Cine 22): actors do what? 3 to mabe sure that this isthe case Cine 34): that what is the case? 4. upbolds a bandful of them (line 44): handful of what? 5. tt should be (line 57): what should be what? Read the last paragraph of the text again. Do you agree that advertisements are more realistic than, the news? Can you give an example?_ = 1 New! Improved? 3 Writing 1 Many television advertisements tell a tory, sometimes in less than 30 seconds. Think of a narrative TV adver that you have sen recent ywn what happens. Show your story to other Stdem ad sk him/ee to ess what the advertisement is for. Use the narrative present tense when you write it down. Example: A wonanis waiting at arailuay station anda mate sts dowie next to It pays to advertise "There are five terrestrial TV channels in advertising Industry watchdog called the Britain and advertising is permitted on Advertising Standards Authority (ASA), three of them, At the moment, the two Certain things are not allowed in TV terrestrial British Broadcasting Corporation _ advertising - (BBC) channels are not allowed to carry advertising, although there is advertising on 40 On the BBC's satellite channel BBC World. UK TV Palmer is the star of a ver sitcom, so his face is fami Caen Advertising is big business and needs controling. Aecorcha tote advertisements. ‘TV news," she says. need to be ‘legal, decent, ‘In TV news reporis, planes crash. In honest and truthful’ in print or on screen, To advertisements, they land. Which event is ‘make sure that this is the case, there is an more realistic?”1 New! Improved! 4 Work it Out ‘2 What's the difference in meaning between what the people in the cartoons are saying? Think of favo more examples to demonstrate this difference b What's the difference in the meanings of the verbs in these pairs of sentences? What grammatical difference do you notice? {2 Her perfume smelt wonderful bb Her dog smele the parcel eagerly. {2 John tasted the soup suspiciously. bb The soup tasted delicious. 3 a Joanna's cout fet wet. bb The doctor felt Joanna's pulse carefully. ‘2 The man who was on trial looked innocent to me. 'b The man in the shop looked guilty over his shoulder several times. 5 Listening a Listen to three radio advertisements and answer these questions. ‘Who are they aimed at? 4) Which verbs ofthe senses do you heat? {Ave the same words used as nouns inthe advertisements? b Bere are three more slogans, using the same format as the ones you heard. Think of slogans for ‘other products using similar constructions. 1 The look of a sports car, the durability of an estate car. 2 Spago pasta tastes like nothing you've ‘ever eaten before. 3 Your hair will look cleaner and fee! healthier if you ‘wash ft with Britlo 6 Vocabulary a Which of these words are successful advertising words and phrases? Why are they successful? Why do you think some words are not successful? 'b What products could the successful words and phrases be used to advertise?7 Writing 2 Work in groups. 2 Choose a product that you want to advertise. Try ¢o choose a produet that hasn't been dealt with in the advertisements in this unit. b Decide on the following: What kind of advertisement do you want to produce? ‘TV? Radio? Newspaper? Poster? Who are you aiming at with the advert Children? ‘Young people? Married people? Old people? What isthe USP (the unique selling point) of your product? © When you have decided on all these points, produce your advertisement and show it to the rest of the class by acting it out, ive years?!) Then it's time fo Harry You don’t want to live 1 New! Improved! 9 Sound Practice ‘The sound difference between new and note is the vowel sound. 2 The following words have all appeared in this unit. How many other words can you make just by changing the vowel sound in each word? Check the spelling of the words you think of. Two examples are given to help you start. took taste feel smell sound cheap look - like lock oe find any others? Now listen to list of possible answers. Did you Fridge, Dustbin or Suitcase? ‘The following words and expressions appeared in this unit. Divide them into three groups: (1) words you think you will use ‘now, (2) words that you might use in the future and (3) words that you will never use. Put the words in list (1) in your suitcase, words in lst (2) In your fridge and words in lst (3) in your ‘dustbin. Then look back through the unit and add another two or three words to each Ust. ee eet) font Pee eee ae Word Associations Choose a word from the list above and think of words and phrases that are associated with it. Put the words and phrases in context. Show your ‘word associations 10 other students in the class. ‘The first one has been done as an example. advertise: ‘nr pre a pays to advertise diate (acer the concert wns advertised inthe newspaper1 BC remette ee Bera Ce ee Sound Practice: won We have really everything in common with America nowadays, First Impression 4 Read these definitions of heaven and hell. is this racism oF just a bit of fun"? “Heaven isthe place “Het is the place Where the comedians where the comedians ae Irish, the pop are German, the pop singers are English, _stngers are Began, the Germans build the the ‘the roads, the italians ‘roads, 00k the food and the Belgians brew the beer on b Work in pairs o groups. Re-write the definitions to Include countries in your region or peopie in different parts of your country. Read your definitions to the rest of the class. Discuss the activity again — racism, or just a bit of fun’? Listening 1a You'ce going to hear an extract from an American {TV chat show called Who's Jn Town? The guest on. the show is Professor William Matthews, a British academic who is Interested in the connection between language and culture. His particular Interest is ways of being polite. b Before you listen, have you noticed any differences between polite forms in English and polite forms In your own language? ¢ Listen to the interview. Are the following statements true oF false? except, of course, language. ‘tom The Contersle Ghost by Oscar Wie (1887) 1. Americans and British people don't understand each other, even though they speak the same language. 2 People should be aware if something they say offends other people, even if they speak the same language. 3. Speakers of languages other than English are not very polite 4. Certain other languages have a formal and informal ‘way of saying you,and this can make a difference to the way they say things in English, 5 English speakers shouldn't ge upset if speakers of other languages don't say ‘please’ and ‘thank you! 4d Do you have formal and informal versions of you In your language? How would you explain this to a native English speaker? € Listen to the interview again. Describe the attitude of the interviewer, How does the professor react (© hher attitude? Grammar Spotlight Linkers In spite of and the more formal despite are repostions. They ae followed by nouns or noun constructions: In splte ofthe cold weather, we enjoyed the soccer match, Despite sitting in a cold stadium, we enjoyed the match. ‘Although, even though and even ifare conjunctions. ‘They are followed by (ubordinate) clauses: Although Spanish is very polite language, Spanish speakers use fewer expressions like ‘excuse me’. ‘Avaiterin a restaurant are in New York might soy: “Do you want some coffee?’ even it he didn’t know the ‘customer. ee Note: The expression in spite of the fact that. ‘combines the two forms, and Is followed by a clause, {In spite of the fact that they speak the same language, there isa great difference. ‘You can find out more about linkers in the Grammar Summary on page 139. ‘ For more practice, do the exercises in section 20, on page 87 of the WB.20 30 3 Reading The text Is from The Joy Luck Club, a novel by ‘Amy Tan, a Chinese-American writer who was born in California. Is the story of the relationships between four Chinese mothers and their Chinese-American daughters. The daughter in - 2 Culture clash 3. Were their mothers pleased about their relationship? How do you know? 4 Describe Ted's mother’s behaviour towards Rose at the family picnic 5 Why did Mrs Jordan talk about Ted's medical studies? 6 in which decade do you think the picnic took place? this extract is called Rose. b Before you read, check the q meaning of these ‘words. What do they describe? rash assured anky eee) perros) © Read the text and find the answers to these questions. 1. What isthe difference between Ted's and Rose's ‘backgrounds? Read this sentence again and then discuss the questions below. ‘She assured me that she had notbing whatsoever im oo mary fn peer rota Set and even black, _ ‘6 What do you think Mrs Jondan really feels about ‘minorities? Discuss Mrs Jordan's reasons for speaking £0 Rose in this way What did she see as a potential problem? is there any justification for her attitude? 2. Was'Ted like other boys that Rose had dated? tf not, why not? What intially found attractive in Ted were precisely the things that made him Uifferent from my brothers and the Chinese boys | had dated: his brashness; the ‘ssuredness in which he asked for things ‘and expected to get them; his opinionated ‘manner; his angular face and lanky body, the thickness of his arms; the fact that his parents immigrated from Tarrytown, New York, not Tientsin, China. ‘My mother must have noticed these same differences after Ted picked me up ‘one evening at my parents’ house. When | returned home, my mother was stil UP, ‘watching television. "He is American,’ warned my mother, ‘as if had been too blind to notice. “A waigoren.” “tm American too," I said. ‘And it's not «2s if Ym going to marry him or something” ‘Mis Jordan also had a few words to say. Ted had casually invited me to 2 family picnic. He introduced me to all his relatives ' his gitriend, which, until then, did’t know I was. Later when Ted and his father went off to.ply volleyball with the others, his mother took my hand, and we started ‘walking along the grass, away from the ‘crowd, She squeezed my pal warmly but never seemed to look at me. 40 50 ‘tm so glad to meet you finally,” Mrs Jordan said. think it's nice that you and Ted are having such a lat of fun together. ‘50 hope yau won't misunderstand what | have t0 539" "And then she spoke quietly about Ted's future, his need to concentrate on his ‘medical studies, why it would be years before he could even think about marriage. ‘She assured me that she had nothing whatsoever against minorities; she and her ‘husband, who owed a chain of office- supply stores, personally knew many fine ‘people who were Oriental, Spanish and ‘even black, But Ted was going to be in one of those professions where he would be judged by a different standard, by patients ‘and other doctors who might not be as Understanding as the Jordans were. She ‘said it was so unfortunate the way the rest of the world was, how unpopular the Vietnam War was. "Mis Jordan, | am not Vienamese,’ | said softy, even though was on the verge of shouting. ‘And | have no intention of ‘marrying your 50”. a £ 7 4 b= 2 i ‘against minorities; she and her bushand ... personally2 Culture clash ———______ ‘My name is Graham Miller and I ive in London. | saw your advertisement. fm interested in the job. {Im 22 years old. | didn't go to university | studied Economics at a business school, { then worked for an insuranc ; trance company for 3 year. Now Im working in a bank, like the work, ‘fm good at figures and Im a good worker. !m good ‘with people and rm good at working in teams, b Imagine you are writing the application Jetter 4 Speaking & Work in groups. Look at the people in the photos. They are from Poland, Hungary, Turkey, Spain, Inula and New Zealand. Try to guess what they are doing. Make notes about the actviles you can see. Don't worry if you don’t get the details exactly right. b Summarise what people in your group know and tell the rest of the class. © Now turn to page 109 to find out what the people In the photos are actually doing. Write a summary of the differences between what you thought and ‘what is actually happening. Example: We thought the people inthe river were... but actually hey are... 5 Writer's Block Describing yourself 4 Read the following extract from a letter of application for a job in a computer company. Do you think the writer gives a good picture of himself? What changes would you make to the way in which it is written? COMPUTER COMPANY seeks accountant for Edinburgh office. Experience and relevant qualifications essential, Must be good team person. yourself. Try to incorporate the following Improvements. +The job is in a computer company, but the leter doesn't say anything about computer skills + Vary the way'the sentences start. Too many of them start with Z + Some of the sentences are too short. Long sentences ‘can also be a problem, but a series of short sentences. doesn't look good. + Don’t use the same adjective more than ewice ~ the ‘word good appears fou times in the third paragraph, + Sound more enthusiastic about yourself and your achievements! Word Stress General rules for words with more than three syllables (XB: The following rules are only guidelines. ‘Always check the pronunciation and stress patterns of new words ina dictionary.) Words ending in -ic, tion, sion and -cian are usually stressed on the second syllable from the ‘end, Other words also have this stress pattern. jemic accommodation automatic ation destination imaginatioy ee eed eee + How many other words with more than three syllables ending in fon of sfom can you think of + Can you think of an adjective related to the words in ‘alics is the stress pattern the same for the adjective? CThere is more about changing stress pattems in Unit 7) Many long words have the main stress on the third syllable from the end, including nouns ending in -ty.Pee peer Ponty Se ae) ‘+ Think ofa noun ending in ity which matches these definitions. Are the words stressed in the same way as ‘dhe words in the lst? 1 behaviour which isin agreement with what is usual ‘ar accepted 2 indicating that there is something which is difficult to understand an area without boundaries where parallel lines meet! Indicating chat something could happen (two possible words) 5 indicating that two things might be able to exist, together ‘These words have the main stress on the first syllable. Can you think of any more? definitely - ndary nary lated 4 Practise all the words from activities a, b and c, ® 7 then listen and check. Interactive English ‘Asking about cultural differences Ifyou are talking to someone from another ‘country, whose cure is very different to yours, it Js better wo ash about cultural differences (and risk appearing ignorant) rather than make a statement that turns out not to be true. For example, if you ‘wanted to talk about bow English people drink tea, it would be better to ask Do English people put ‘mith and sugar in tea? rather than saying English ‘people put milk and sugar tn tea, don't they? ‘Work in pairs oF groups. Think of suitable ‘questions to ask someone from another country about the following kems. 1 may help if you have 4 particular nationality in mind that you would like to ask the questions to: 4+ food and drink «+ retaonships «religion «+ cultura events + popular sports and sporting achievements 2 Culture clash 8 Forum Work ia groups. Imagine that you are answering questions from people from a variety of other ‘countries about your country. Form wo teams ~one team to ask the questions, and the other to answer them. 9 Discussion 1s there a problem of culture clash in your ‘country? Have there been any incidents caused by this? Discuss specific incidents and then indicate ‘what you think these incidents prove. Does anyone think that something needs to be done to address the problem? Fridge, Dustbin or Suitcase? > ‘The following words and phrases appeared {in this unit. Put them in your fridge, dustbin or ‘sultease vocabulary lists. Then look back through. the unlt and add another two or three words to ‘each list, en initially cy carers unt Word Associations Choose a word from the Uist above and think of ‘words and phases that associate with it Put the words and phrases in context. show your word associations to other students in the class. The frst ‘one has been done as an example. academic: noun: he's an academic. . niversity college lecturer, doi rcrch archer nha TV show-or something like that adjective: an acadeiuic subject ~ yp Hot cor study at school/at university/at/isv a coege anvacademy — old-fashioned word? Different stres pattern, ‘You can read about cultural events in the United ‘Kingdom in Unit 17. nMM Stereovupes “Lalways assoctate ; Romania with What images do you have of enfin especially Central Europe? - women’s gymnastics. ‘They seem to win lots of medals in the Olympic Games every time so thave an Image of Romanians as being supers. ‘Thave a very romiatic o |=, of Poland that fomes from my grandittiér, She told et me about thelpalish alrmen eam | who came meee the war and were allWery.good- looking. | also know. that So ‘Warsaw was badlyibombed: S| andthe centre was ebuitin S \tam styles theloriginal” T hear musie%ahen 1 think of Hungary Liszt and Bartoksgnd flety violin musie. Aide weren' there alot of ‘aanit- gare Hitngarian, ‘When | think of the Cz blic, | think of their m. sie told han ae gue Is ithe most bea in Europe. 6 thatijoht?” '¢ These quotes are from a selection of British people @ ms ‘L imagine Slovakia has unspoilt countryside, medieval villages and castle ruins overlooking the Danube ~ the sort of place you'd go to if you wanted a walking holiday.” nDDiscussion and Debate Warm-up Divide Into two groups. * One group should note down all the harmful things about stercotypes. + The other group should note down everything that can be suid to explain or excuse them, ‘Allow two minutes for this and then discuss the notes you have made. Word portraits ‘Work in teams of about 4-5, ‘+ Write on small individual pieces of paper the names of 20 different nationalities and put these in a container. ‘+ Exchange containers with another group. ‘ Take it in tums to pick out a piece of paper and describe the nationality on it tothe ‘other people in your group, Use mime and gesture if appropriate. You must not give any fact that makes it obvious (eg, geography /language/cutrency). Only talk about the image and behaviour of the people. + Take 30 seconds to guess which natlonality is being described. Thea the next person, takes a different nationality from the container, ‘+ Have a clas round-up to consider which nationalities were easy to identify and which ‘more difficult. What part did national stereotypes play? Typically British? Writing A guide to the ways of the world International travellers and business executives have to know how to behave and how to adapt their behaviour to whatever country they are visiting. Conversation: Avoid pote reign ar any cick, however ‘it your ost coun. Safe topics ar foo, tusi ard sport In a recent poll, young people ia thirteen i ———__ SLR Were Seer, ‘Namesorectings: When sretng someone wih a rots, contemporary British people in the arts, The $1613 doco; ays the tebe the following people were top of the list: sumame. Shake hands when meeting but aman 9 YG Sere menses ascot or Zattnaic enacted SP Actors: Hugh Grant, Kate Winslet, Sean Connery and tee 9a far es hae Anthony Hopkins one Comedian: Rowan Atkinson (Mr Bean) ‘Appearance: Dress smartly for all social events, and formally for Designers: Alexander McQueea, Stella McCariney ‘iso he peo, bale tea Women should ia ae eae eee am 20d hrs an minis when visting caches ‘up with your own. Choose a contemporary British ‘Hospitaltylgits: Never goto someone's home without a fm 3 or American person who you think is typical — or ‘witation and always be punctual Take flowers fan Ee eats x ube, bt ie ss whe hae ronente patos fo te hostess ad whisky or cognac for he ast f 3 epee rei termine asacasunr un pie Ss Sanding ote now ‘tion a you hve been asked to wre abe’ Mere nan extrac frm chook svg vce Secton on Jou county aang ar tine ator about how wo behavein Cental Europe. How up how to behave When Jouve fine, lok at what ‘edat he informatio for your use others have writen your ndrce consent B4 EON aUdt ‘In America, there are two classes of travel: Jirst class and with children,” Robert Benchiey 1889-1945 1 First Impression Read this extract feom a novel by English writer Evelyn Waugh. When do you think it was written? ‘What is different about alr travel today? ‘The propellers were thundering; the plot ‘threw away his cigarette and adjusted his helmet; the steward wrapped a rug round ‘Willams feet and tenderly laid in his lap 2 wad of cotton woo, a flask of smelling salts ‘and an empty paper bag .... The door was shut. The ground staff fell back, The machine moved forward, gathered speed, hurled and ‘bumped across the rough turf, ceased to bump, floated clear of the earth, mounted ‘ ‘and wheeled above the smoke and treffic and) very soon hung, it seemed motionless, above the Channel, where the track of a steamer, far below them, layin the bight water Ike 2g line of smoke on a still all eee 2 Vocabulary 8 Which of the following verbs are related to travelling by train, boat or plane? checkin check out get off geton pick up per ee eee ec) ee eee b Compare your answers with other students. € Tell your sory wo the ret of thd ie b Which of the verbs can you use to describe the following? + what a plane does and/or what a train does “© what a passenger does at an airport or ata railway station © Replace the words in ftalies with one of the travelling verbs. 1. We had to Jeave bome early because the flight was a6am, 2 On the way to Edinburgh, the train collected passengers at three other statlons. 3 The plane landed at about midnight. 4 She went to the airline desk and showed ber ticket 4 S00n as she arrived. 5 Please don’t try to leave the bus before i stops at the Dus stop, Speaking 1 a Make notes about the following: 4 Which isthe biggest alsport, port or railway station ‘you have ever been to? ‘+ What is the longest journey you've ever taken? memories do you have of your fst visi 9 Station, port or slrport and the jourtey? Think aout the folowing + Waste pice busy? Quiet? Well organised? Chao? lean and udp? nud f «+ asthe et hot or ple on ine? at Gro Comfortable + Which people can you Choose your favourite travel story from the ones ‘you hear. Write an account of it for homework. Before you hand in your homework, check with the person who told the story that the details are correct.5 Reading 1 42 The following article about Hong Kong's new airport appeared in a British newspaper in May 1996. Read the text and find the answers to these ‘questions: 1 How many airports are mentioned? 2 What are the main differences berween the airports? 3. How will the new airport affect life in the city? This is the Future of Air Travel Hong Kong's new airport, Chek Lap Kok, opens on 6th July. Described by its architect Richard Rogers as a ‘horizontal cathedral’, the airport cost $20 billion. ‘The curentaitpon, Kal Tak is one ofthe moe Spectacular in the world. This is because of is ematkable proximity tothe city itself. is almost Imposable fr a ght crew to actually see Kai Tak ‘nt ust before they land. Pts aim st a ers on a Ail, bank sharply an then aed ome it lard between the ddensety-packed high rie apanments of Kowloon on 2 uonay Which Is dangerously shor. Incredibly, there has never been a serious acident there 1 future, planes wil land on one of two four ‘domev lng runways in an airport built on a moan sade island in Hong Kong harbour. Chl Lap Kek ‘easures 5 llometes by 3.5 kilometes, and can be seen from oxtr space. 4 ‘The alpor terminal ithe work's ages bul The bagmage ream hall a8 big as Wembley ‘Sadlum, big enough to be used as a garage for five = aage b Find words or expressions that indicate the following: 1 the old airport is close to the eity live close together in the area to do a difficult manoeuvre is very surprised by something ‘on land which didn't exist before ~~ metaphor: tes a cathedral of modert 6 Reading 2 : 2. The reading text is an article abois ito airport written by the same journalist, later. Read the text quickly. How does the atine of the writer compare with his attitude inthe first article? b Find words or expressions in the text which mean, the following: oe Beer een © Make a note of any words and expressions that indicate that something has gone wrong. In your ‘own words, explain what the problems were. d Look at this list of words from the text. Are they all verbs? ere Se es or eee) cee) © In the article, which of the verbs are used in the active and which are used in the passive? Which ‘ones can't be both active and passive? Why? Airport Software hits Hard Landing srnment officials stepped in Jesterday ater Hong Kong's ne chek Lap Kok airport descended into chaos. nanan chet purer nied NS nouanonces meno sd 99 yates tothe otal po. i oe ase von Gn Mona Keng che eta a 5 syn rnc ean ene ote ne Poo Sonar sso ony aus teh Med Srtonese tops Wnts Chan sas al ens srt a eto eben: mages aby netomat shone we set tee poe win cara nicatwre vesree (ss wn ert orc Z vtnin anton eon ne te ocd nt merece’ hapa sa yom ‘Mc cc pes Occ poet crear wom pred at Teeroines pee azn wb3 Trains and boats and planes Grammar Spotlight Passives Passives are common in news reports: ergo handling was shifted £0 the old Kai Tak airport Passengers waited at home for their luggage to be delivered. The airport was formally opened last week by Chinese resident Jiang Zemin. Note 1: In a sentence containing both old and new Information, the new information is commonly at the end. Note 2: Why do you think the passive is used in the last sentence? ‘You can find out more about passives in the Grammar ‘Summary on page 132. For more practice, do the exercises in section 7, on page 68 of the WB. 7 Listening 2 You are going to hear a listening text which begins withthe following words. In 1885, Emest de Beaumont started tunneling towards France in an extraordinary boring machine ‘What do you think the text will be about? Listen to the text and make notes of dates and Listen again and make notes of any words or expressions that you didn’t understand or would Uke to hear again. Using your notes, write three ‘questions to ask other students. The questions can be for clarification about something you didn't understand, of to sec if anyone in the class can provide further information. d Mingle with your questions and write down all the answers that other students give you. When you have all your answers, tell the teacher if you want, to listen again to check any information that you still aren't sure about. ’ other statistical information. Check with other students if you miss anything, 8 Writing 2 {An organisation called Project London Tourisin 3s offering a prize ofa free trip © London in a competition. You have to answer three simple questions about Britain and complete 2 slogan designed to promote London as a tourist destination. First ofall, here are the three questions 1. What isthe name of the river that flows through London? 2. Where does the Queen live in London? 3 Name a top London soccer team. ‘Now complete the slogan with fewer than ten ‘words (you can javent anything you like): London is number one bb The competion indicates that you can choose to fy sal or goto London by tal, lacing teavelingdhrough the Chana Tone. Write & Ieee Bf ecepindce sping which chokagou ‘would like to ke, Write & forma eter w Project Tandon Tourlam, and try to avold using ese ‘You can find a model of a formal letter in Progress ‘Check 1.00 page 29. 9 Wordbuilder Adjectives and adverbs 2 Many adjectives become adverbs by adding -. Note the spelling changes in these examples, terrible - tery angry ~ angrily beautiful - beau frantic ~ francally ‘What are the spelling rules? Think of at least one other similar adjective to the ones in the example. b Adverbs modify both verbs and adjectives: Pilots bave to bank sharply The runway is dangerously short densely.packed bighrise apartments ‘What do the above examples from the text about Hong Kong airport tell you about word order and hyphenation? Think of three more similar examples,10 © Sentence adverbs are often at the beginning of a sentence and can indicate an opinion, Incredibly, there bas never been a serious accident, ‘Write sentences beginning with these three adverbs. Make sure the examples indicate your opinion about something. Not surprisingly. Interestingly, Unfortunately, d Adjectives that already end in -ty (lovely, lively, Sriendly etc.) can't be sed as adverbs. You need to ‘use an adverbial expression. in a lovely way ine lively manner sina fiendly way {Use one of the above expressions in a sentence. Speaking 2 Discussion: What are the advantages and pleasures of travelling long distance by rail, ar, sea and road? @ Divide into four groups (air, rail, sea and road). in Your groups, make a list both of the positive things you can think of about your means of transport and negative things you can think of about the other three. b Regroup into groups of four, with one person from each group. Debate with the people from the other groups. Tell them the negative things you ‘came up with about their means of transport. 3 Trains and boats and planers 11 Find out more about ... Your airport or railway station Work in groups. 2 How many of the following questions can you answer about cither the airport of railway station in your home town or the capital city of your country? © When was it buile © Why is it named the way it is? © What is the furthest place you can travel to from the railway station? ‘Was the airport originally built as a civilian or military aicport? ‘+ How many flights arrive and leave every day? ‘+ How many places can you fly to from there? + How big is i compared with other aisports in your ‘country or the world? b Find the answers to the questions you didn't know. ‘Contact the rail or airport authorities or look at their websites to find the answers. Fridge, Dustbin or Suitcase? > ‘ ‘The following words and phrases appeared {n this unit. Put them in your fridge, dustbin o svitease vocabulary lists. Then look back through the unit and add another two or three words 10 cach Uist. Se eee eae eae eer ted eee one ae es Inexporienced man-made outer space passengers stranded tunnel Word Associations ‘Choose a word from the list above and think of words and phrases that are associated with i. Put the words and phrases in context. Show your f ‘Word associations o other students in the class, ‘The first one has been done as an example. ovent took bus tothe a hepa andere th ert airport to my house is -. rhe i ye ce The, took off The flight. re ite vforking with ords oe ae eer Det ee et ete ies eres Sound Practice: tntonation for askin ere ‘The tools I need for my work are paper, tobacco, food and a little whiske) Wiliem Faulkner, American writer ‘st Impression a fyou were about to take a long day-time train journey (no chance to sleep), what would you choose to take with you to pass the time? Put the following items in your personal order of preference. ‘+ amapazine (state subject ~ music, films, computers ee) + acomputer game + anewspaper + anovel + a book of poetry «+ a book for learning English (state type - grammar book, workbook etc.) b Tell the rest of the class which of the above items you would take with you. Do a class survey of the ‘most popular things that people would take. How popular are novels and poetry? Speaking Read the list of names. They are all British, American of Irish authors. What do you know about them? Share your knowledge with other students. Make a note of anything you know about the following: ‘+ where and when they lived | their most famous warks + what they wrote about Emily Bronté Arthur © Clarke Graham Greene Jack Kerouac John Steinbeck Kurt Vonnegut Oscar Wilde Don't worry if there are names you have never heard of. You will find examples of their work somewhere in this book.which is set in West Aftica, {which he called’an entertalnment in order to ‘distinguish it from more serious work, 3 Listening § 2 You are going to hear information about five of the people in the list. Which of them do you think the lGatirwing moses/refer, tal 3, where his father was headmaster 1 flamboyant Irish writer who spent some time in «hich he described in Journey Witbout Maps, prison and died in Pais 5 who many people believe to he the pestest 2 one of thee sisters who lived in a parsonage in the English novelist of the twentieth century, ‘Yorkshire hills = Which probably meant he was working 358 spx, 3 possibly the greatest English novelist of the 20th » Which isa right-wing literary magazine century also possibly a spy | which atthe time was regarded asthe 4 wrote about the lives of people who emigrated to live ‘mos influential newspaper in the in California © Englishspeaking world 5 the worlds bescknown and bestselling writer of 8, which was regarded a8 an extraordinary science fiction ‘Promotion by some readers b Listen for information (and make notes) about the sollowtng: (© What extra information did you learn about 4 the private lives ofthe waiters Greene? Did you learn anything new about Britain + subjects that they wrote about and British publications? + their most famous oF popular books NB Not all the mini-biographies will contain all Grammar Spotlight Seventies: Non-defining relative clauses Note that non-defining relative clauses are separated 4 Reading 1 ‘by commas from the rest of the sentence: Before you read the information about Graham ‘is oval Ta Hast ON TaN ec Dice gad WE Greene, what can you remember about him from | Ata, ls considered by many to be his finest work. the listening text? ‘You can find out more about non-defining relative in the Gr on Bt nt ed eae iron ea ee tre eRe nieccea raaeaeame For more practice, do the exercises in section 11, old Pherelten alae; con page 74 of the WB. Graham Greene * was born in 1904 and educated at Berkhamstead School *. After 5 Writing graduating from Balliol College, Oxford, he worked for four years as sub-editor on The ‘Write a short blography of a writer or artist from Times *. With the publication of his fourth ay neuer aa ‘novel’, Stamboul Train * his reputation was for someone who is not familiar with your country established. and its culture. Include as much extra information: 4 as you can. In 1935, he made a journey across Liberia ; ‘and on his return, he became film critic of The Example: , whe is... , was borwin... 5 Spectator *. He became literary editor of the which is about 400 kilometres from ‘same magazine after working there for five the capital Her most fuunous novel years *. In 1941, he was recruited by the ts... , which deals witly .. Foreign Office * and spent two years in Sierra Leone. His novel The Heart of the Matter * is considered by many to be his finest book. a4 Working with words - — 6 Reading 2 You are going to read extracts from two novels. One of the novela was weten in England in 1047, the other wns wetnen in California n 1929, Sie ong the two extracts and decide whe Before you read the complete extracts, make sure ‘you know the meaning of the following words and ‘expressions: 1 whistle ~ how do you make this noise? 2 moulting leaves - what ime of the year do leaves 3 Which part ofthe man’s anatomy is most closely ‘thin tenor. moult 3. protrude ~ does this male things more orl } noticeable? - et ‘A man sat on the ground, leaning ‘Ah Gunog us Olggeneinine yon ly or wo agains the trunk of a tree, His legs were 5 stir =is his a fst or slow movement ‘crossed and one bare foot extended «mead th ‘early as high as his head. He did not first text and answer the following hear Joad approaching, for he was ecstoas whistling solemnly the tune of Yes, 1 a yin ps jag eat wt ‘That's My Baby’. His extended foot | approached? ane whet Jem swung slowly up and down in the | 2. Was the man: tempo. It was not dance tempo He expecting Jou? Do you think the a Y 10. stopped whistling and sang in an e2sy \ { described? 4 Do you think the man was young/old? Fat/thin? Hrealthy/unhealthy? Give evidence. 5. Do you think the man had an unusual face? Give evidence, “Yes, sir, that’s my Saviour, Je. us is my Saviour, Je .. sus is my Saviour now. (onthe level 4 Now read the second text and decide I the following statements are true or false. ee Jesus is my Saviour now.” 1 ‘The person who approached the house was a woman, ‘who lived there, 2 ‘The man waiting in the shadows was someone she Joad had moved into the imperfect shade of the moulting leaves before the _ itinor 120. man heard him coming, stopped his ¥ be woman boned ecoguned at hema was song, and turned hishead, was afong | J Pee head, bony, tight of skin, and set on a i Sie elec wo the en wat when oe ee neck as stringy and muscular asa celery Sze stalk, His eyeballs were heavy and a ‘was not expecting to see the man, protruding; the lids stretched to cover 2 them, and the lids were raw and red. His | 5 cheeks were brown and shiny and S fines and his mouth full humorous FE cor sensual. The nose, beaked and hard, 5 30 stretched the skin so tightly that the 2 bridge showed white. There was no i perspiration on the face, not even on the tall pale forehead. It was an abnormally hhigh forehead, lined with delicate blue ‘veins at the temples. Fully half of the face was above the eyes.4 Working with words ‘Ona meliow evening in Sepemmber. | was coming from the arden witha heavy basket of spplcs which Thad been, ‘athering. I had got dusk, andthe moon looked over the face and hair He leant suns the de, and hel his Angers ‘0m the latch a8 ntending to open for him. igh wall ofthe court, eausngundctne shadows to nk 20 ‘WHO cate? thought Mr Eimshew? Oh not The vice inh comes ah omer peng os Dude mynacnon eons weg Scena tage oman ne In ey or beat oft steamy es nee on eo sam int we cn when hed ve oes 10 me ay Nys ayo was 2 deep voice, and foreign in tone; yet, there was something inthe manner of protouncing my name which ‘made It sound familia. rumed about to dhcover who ‘poke, fara forthe doors were shut, nd 1 had seen ‘ebody on approaching the seeps. Something tired in the porch; and moving nearer, distinguished tall man dressed In dark clothes, with dark 30 thas no resemblance to his "ase wed hee an tobe rome whe Tomine sagan the whe oat nea ao as rene sla eth ed ot ero de ot ao La ‘Pm not a stranger!” ‘Aray felon his features; the checks were sallow and half ‘covered with bck whiskers: the brows lowering, the eyes deep set and singular | remembered the eyes, "What fried, uncectala whether to regard hin as 2 ‘wordy visitor and 1 rased my hands in amazement-What Have you come back? Is really you? isi" ‘rom Wtheng Heh by Emiy Bare © Make a list of at least five words which are used to describe the faces of the two men. Which of the words could you use to describe people that you know? Imagine that one of these people is going to meet a foreign friend of yours at an airport o¢ railway station, Write a note or an e-mail to the foreign friend, describing the person who will meet him/her. Use the descriptive words you took from the reading texts. Work it Out “The two sentences below are taken from the reading texts on this page. The verb ear Is n both sentences. In one sentence, tf followed by an sing verb, in the other by an infinitive. Is there a difference in meaning? He didn’t bear Joad approacbing. heard a voce bebind me sayNelly is that you?" Grammar Spotlight Verbs of perception ‘Verbs such a8 see, hear, feel, watch, notice + nounlpronoun abject, can be followed by the ~ing form: ‘We saw the man waiking up the path.(We observed ppart of the action.) cr by the bare infinitive: We heard him open the door. (We observed the whole action) You can find out more about verbs of perception In the Grammar Summary on page 137. 8 OnAir a. Read the titles of a selection of Graham Greene novels and the brief descriptions of the story-lines below. By reading the descriptions and by a process of elimination, try to match the titles and the descriptions. eecrlonn ee orp imaneeees nese pero 6 Travels with my Aunt (1969) ee ae See ere ae ee aces soe a Ensen ea po eee eee eee So Se re Leteared C2 Srunss Fie decid et eon eee eee soe aaa ee occa eae Be ME go ees aSoundbites ‘My friends. You'd think we'd support one another but we always seem to be quarrelling.” What do you d stressful? “The aumber one ‘cause of stress is definitely exams. ‘What happens if don't pass?” ‘Being ough enough s0 that you don't get bullied Getting in wth the arying to look good. Ever : tried to be cool with the wlohe: ‘opposite sex when your hl Dooks all wrong?" ‘ Se fan you Menuly which tre quotes were from boys z dod whic tcc were frm gl? sen and check * ey ‘Are you surprised by the things said by boys and girls? 4 What extra information do you hear? Note that each person uses verb containing the word ou Do you know all these verbst Are they formal or informal? ‘Having to win. fm in the hockey team and if c : ‘you miss a penalty, i's © Which words and 85 do you think are more as if you've committed > likely to be heard in spoken rather than wrlten crime: English? 4 Work in soups, Express nthe soundbites ia more. Compare what ‘you have written with other groups. = “Example: Ever tried to be cool...? Have you ever tried, to be sophisticated... ‘My Mum, We have lots of rows — mostly the following sentence ‘because she won't let ‘adult stress are bereavement, ‘me go out during the ‘house. In my opinion, the three week if have stress are homework to do. She the sentences in a box.You don't need t0 write ‘wants me to be a {Your name on your own sentence. Take one out ata Sarees Funisbiey acing time, read it and discuss i to be disappointed.’, _ Discussion and Debate ‘Conduct some research. '¢ You have been asked to research into stress ‘among young people in your country. ‘+ Work in small groups. Write a questionnaire ‘entitled Are you stressed? Compose atleast five questions designed to find out what ‘other people in the clas find stressful. Ask about particular aspects of school and ‘¢ Each member of the group should ask a Poems aC So eT eee Boronia Brat etc ‘I'm on a seafood diet. When I see food, I eat it.’ Spencer Kirkwood, stand-up comedian e i The following sentences contain atleast one word First Impression which is different from, or additional to, what the Look atthe food illustrated on this page. Which of expert sald. The new words change the meaning of {ts good for you? Why is it good for your And ‘why are the other things NOT good for you? Share what you know with other students. Listening ‘You are going to hear 2 nutritionist talking about {food and health. You will need to know the meaning of the following words and phrases. errs eras additives body tissue burn off See eee snack foods Before you listen, try to answer the following ‘questions: 1 Where do we get protein from and why do we nced 2 Where do we get carbohydrates from? 3 Where do we get energy from? 44 What do the dlfereat vitamins (A-E) do for us and ‘where do we get them from? 5s there anything wrong with eating hamburgers and pizzas? Now listen to the mutritionist. Which of the questions in 2b docs she refer to? Which question docen't she refer to? the sentences. Try to identify what has changed ‘and what the original sentence was. Then listen again and check. 1 You are what you eat is fundamentally the least {important thing to remember if you are interested in leading 2 bealehy ie 2 Eating and drinking can't provide your body with the right raw materials fora healthy life. 3 Proteins are obtained from meat, ish, cheese, beans and fruit juice. 4 Proteins, sugars, ts, vitamins and minerals - a balanced diet will include most of these. 5 The foods which contain fewest calories are those which contain lange amounts of carbohydrates. 6 Ifyou sit behind a desk all day, you need far more ‘calories than if you spend all day building houses. 7 You should eat 2s much food as you can, but you should make sure you burn off the calories that the food provides. 28 Pizzas are good for you 2s well,ifthey don't contain a ‘mixture of foods. 9 However if hamburgers or pizzas contain chemical preservatives, they are quite possibly bad for you. 10 ‘Your body needs proteins carboby dates, fats, ‘mincrals and vitamins... i 2lso needs chemical additives. ‘You will find the answer to the missing question (activity b, question 4) on page 52.3 Reading 1 t ; lscierest ete omer What's Cooking? sentence which is underlined in the first Tomorrow's children will, increasingly, eat paragraph. Docs this happen in your home? differently from their parents, as family meals definitions of the words decline, and food fads and fashions, driven by aoa of —_advertising, influence their choices, the items but three of them mean the: “Ther willbe n0 wish © cook the equation or many With Se es cae Sosa ‘sound 0 Sas the wan 1 pointed sticks forholing ower sat hcease chi with frm te, 2 dangerous geeme ida suab-seackin not Sencat stachent 3 ome, | sfitcicksion Fategs —Bateepthe com ned acy 4 nesses that we ca contract meat communal mclat hme wil the pagal futher nooo 5 an important pean eanvmusual event Food wil vegectonan 5 aa beheaedinamicrowae.i( “Our pte need wl be ap ; » thera cooker wilbeon fle tom par soume © Now read the entire article and find answers © the ing table rather than So -Cultred fang! ad eer these questions. ’ ‘ekitchen Communal cookery miroorpannne wile fe SMM aA rhc phe ottsc | tence atone” SRST ED cman visage ‘ith te bade, epce tania eon ng cooker in the home? Prepanton abe tien, anu tence eto 2 Can you think ofan example of foo items on Where @ietithen docs pctaging rele ect surre9s Frkhe would attccone manne 3. What new Maier lf ro the chen ofthe Wie tose an ado in Ana somata spe _— oe fica wanda0 wash oan puro fe cr te 4 What part will mobile phones payin the cooking cur han al those uy tew wl nd mone ad see ur bugs that arc emening You set hee Mare han 30 5. What wil the two main reasons be forthe the impression that be has cen independent slee utes dsappearance of mest fom the mens? some gruciome thins under hae conte tat stones emrscope.interasof 2 gana. saps pose sg, the domestic chen of days pan of ec ae 4 Work it Out {he tre wile amar one. ean etc the on nt . Thanks 0 somaton could cada danse ond he SS ee ee Seen scares nd interrogates. Why dos 2 Robe phone tosetafond:_prtecing spas one othe Seine bccn doesent cea, etneemeetee i oxo of more. carrot on .'mon te tain) endo aeonadenble neve Seems omens. Think Buches though ou be podacton, EES nyo Se 2 ser mgr etre rat te does a cite. fom tewenem acct wot eae ee speak English but they dovunderstand —orcrplning hn the warkeceane ne ie —— rest fr tt willcome __Cnscous men Pah tna from concern ovr meat borne spec ly th hare reach {infections such 8 BSE*, ‘0 contribute to an omalvore's coupled with the realisation it, but tbe problem of over. that cropgrowing samore ——_Ashing must Be adaresoaThe ficient use of and than fore of ou 6h suppty Iwestockrearing Everytime a depends on management. We Person inthe West ves up may increas i farming, bat ‘ating beef he observes'3000 we need to establish, Square metres of nd arc freed sanctuaries - ‘national parks ~ {or crop production? Inthe oceans where are Tcreasing concern for {ee to multiply animal welfare wil be part of. A tl + BSE sands for Bowne Spangtrm Encphaths,» eae which ales com, 2nd is popu known as had Cow ene 5110 You are what you cat 5 Reading 2 Look at the vitamin chart, On the Jeft are the main sources of vitamins A-E and on the right are the ‘main functions of those vitamins. They are not in the right order in either column. You may not now which is which, but ean you identify any of the vitamins from the given information? Source Functions 1 citrus fruits 1 converts blood sugar to | ‘energy; helps your heart work efficiently, important for your brain 2 fish il, iver, cream, | 2 essential for muscular butter, eggs, milk and | health, including your most fresh vegetables | heart; helps your nervous system 3 wheatgerm 3. helps prevent colds; promotes healthy bone ‘growth; good for your teeth and gums 4 fish oll (the only 4 essential to bone ' reliable food source); | formation and growth; ‘the sun (out only in reduces risk of bone small amounts) ‘malformations; important for healthy eyes and eyesight 5 milk, yeast, liver, 5 important for the health chicken, tomatoes, of your hair, skin and the leaty vegetables lining of your throat, stomach and intestines b Look at page 53 and check your answers. Write the letter of each vitamin next to ts source and function, Now answer these questions. 1. Which vitamin can you get from drinking orange juice? Dairy produce provides you with two vitamins. Which are they? Siting for half an hous in park on a sunny day will provide you with a natural source of which vitamin? ‘Which meat products ate rich in vitamins? Give three examples of leafy negetables. 6 Vocabulary Look at the title ofthe leaflet and read the first sentences. How can you express the idea of deficlency in other words? Read the complete leaflet and write down words and collocations that you don't know. Show your isto other students. Ifyou know, oF think you know, the meaning of words and expressions that other students don’t know, describe or mime them. Don't translate them watil you have tried other methods. SJ A ene of vtamin A can tod to dy hair and an itchy scalp and UL shin csease, Centon of anh 8c et tome and gu dsorde on SS rercus sets numa, [J deze mcr wes od SS rer apa. A deficiency of Vitamin Ccan lead {0 brittle bones and the enamel covering of your teeth can be Weakened. Wounds may aso take Tonger to heal "A deficiency of vitamin Din children can lead t0 a lack of energy and a craving for sweets, ‘because the body is not using sugar efficiently SA deficiency of Vitamin € can lead {0 high blood pressure and heart disease, ¢ Which vitamin would appear to be deficient saw someone doing the following? ityou 1 someone worrying about a cut finger that won't stop bleeding Someone scratching their head vigorously 4 child lying on a sofa and compulsively eating lots of. someone with no feeling in thei toes someone who is short of breath and whose face looks redder than normal 2 3 4 57 ‘Writing a Write a food diary. Include at least two of the following: ‘+ write down everything that you have consumed so far today (including sweets and snack foods) + write down everything that you consumed yesterday + compare what you cat and drink on a school day and at the weekend «with the help ofthe vitamin chart, work out which vitamins are provided by the food that you eat regularly + be honest! Which vitamins do you think you may be ‘deficient in? b Exchange your food diary with another student. Read your partner's and make suggestions about ‘changes to his/her diet. 8 Survey and Debate Eating meat ‘2 What do you think of this opinion? ‘would be better for the planet if we were all regetarians. ‘What do you think the speaker means by better or the planet? b Before discussing the subject, do a quick survey (a show of hands) and work out the percentage of people in the class who agree or disagree with the statement (or who don't know). Now use the statement as the basis of a debate. ‘You can choose one of the following methods: Formal debate 7 cheer es: ba people who want 10 Su fi fies, and people who want ro oppose the motion speak second. i, UUs a UMENA s B Quueyn y ouwen » 10 You are what you cat 9 Vox Pop ‘You are going to hear a reporter talking to two people who have just come out of a hamburger fast food outlet. Listen and then comment on the following: | the stitistes about teenage vegetarians in Britain «+ the food awareness ofthe three people who speak + the food value ofthe meals that the two customers have bought Fridge, Dustbin or Suitcase? ; ‘The following words and phrases appeared Jn this unit, Put them in your fridge, dustbin or suitcase vocabulary lists. Then look back through. the unit and add another two of three words 10 ‘each list. Pe nna rs ‘communal meal_craving crop-growing fizzy drink mmation/malformation fortified with vitamins re ees ee ee ay Dee tad ope See eee ey oot) Word Associations ‘Choose a word from the list above and think of words and phrases that are associated with it. Put the words and phrases in context. Show your ‘word associations to other students in the class. ‘The first one has been done as an example. SuweNn € JuWeNA € 3 uUweNA Z yuwenn 2 auweyA | Sumena 1 NoW3Nna apynos Be Amaze 1 Tomsuy 3310 Reading Read the text and answer the questions below. Waiter, there's a bug on my plate. Delicious Fancy a snack? Then why 01 dip into a bag of mixed {fried insects? Or sample a silkworm pupae. Justin Hunt on why the most fashionable food at the ‘moment is ‘critter cuisine’. Ifyou are organising a dinner party and are keen to offer ‘your guests some unusual nibbles, why don't you offer them ‘a plate of insects? While the idea of cating crispy crickets oF Lightly fried beetles probably fills most of us with absolute horror insect eating is apparently becoming highly {ashionable in dot.com land. Swarms of trendy new media ‘types are reportedly logging onto wacky Thai food websites and ordering samples of freshly cooked insects to serve at theie hip dinnee parties. "This bizare form of snacking ~ known in some circles a8 “esitter cuisine’ - apparently goes on at Revolution _magazine, the glossy hible of the new media industry ‘where, rumour has it, journalists work with open tins of freshly cooked insects siting on theie desks. Not content ‘with revolutionising the way we work, it naw appears that the architects of the new economy want £0 try 10 revolutionise what we eat. ‘Christopher Edwards, an advertising executive at Revolution, would like to see insects reappraised as food ‘tens, He argues that they are high in protein and low in {at But until aucudes to food fundamentally change he believes there will only be a niche market for edible Buss. "F think the Ditsh are too squeamish; he explains 1° Justa case of educating people to try them. T scoffed a ‘cricket. I saw this bug in my hand and thought"Oh my God, {can’t eat tt had all ts legs and its antennae They were all there, at I shoved it in and crunched i! ‘So how did it taste? Te was slightly erispy and soft on the inside. Ie was quite a Bland taste} he says, adding that insect ‘mial-buffets could go down well at parties think you need to have dips with them ~ probably some artic? “To ecassure highly sceptical UK consumers, the Thai food ‘website worwe.deothal.com explains that al its bugs are carefully sterilised, preserved and spiced before being packed, But news of the campaign to market insect snacks to the UK has received a mixed response from leading Thai restauruat chefs inthis country. ‘While some of them privately admit that insects are actually quite tasty when cooked with pepper and a bit of seasoning, many believe that insect-cating wil never ‘become socially acceptable over here, They argue that 2 ‘cooked! Thai bug is about as welcome 10 the British palate asa cooked French frog From the Guan 20 October 2000, Choose the most likely meaning of the following words and expressions. 1 nibbles (line 6) 2 its 1b vegetables snacks kisses 2 wacky (line 11) a ordinary bb boring © unusual J tasteless 3/iniche market (line 26) ‘aa place where you can buy insects b a market nearby limited number of people id, asexsonal interest 4 squeamish (line 27) {afraid of thingsthey don't b stupid (©) whaware adventurous 5. scoffed (line 28) 2 made fun of b refused to eat © bought date 6 bland (line 33) a tasteles spicy disgusting 6 uausuat2 Listening 2 Listen to a waiter in an ttallan restaurant ‘explaining some ofthe Rems on the menu. Answer the following questions. {Have the customers ever been to this restau before? / ‘Are they familar wid We epson the ena ‘What does the waiter deseribe for them? iv Do the customers undesttane is deseription? ¥ What do they finaly elds 0 do? b Do it yourself. Work in groups of three. Imagine that one of you Is a waiter In the smartest restaurant in your town (where all the waitstaft speak English). The other two are foreign visitors. to your country. You are in a restaurant and you. need some help with the menu. «Devise a shortlist OF specials, the nicest things that you caa think of fom your coustey’s cuisine 4+ Write scene where the waiter describes what the dishes are, 4 Act out the seene together 3 Writing Imagine that you were oue Of the tourists in the. last activity. Write an inforsial letter (100~120. words) to a friend telling them about the visit to your country. Inélnde details of the visit to the restaurant. 4 Use of English “The following sentences all sppeared in the Hstening extracts in the lst fve units. Choose the correct word to complete them. 11 The border ... the two countries fs 380 kilometres Jong and was heavily defcnded. a between b around ¢ through near 2 No one is sure how many people... forthe picnic. fa tumed out b sumed over ¢ turned up tured dawa 3. Lalways recommend that the advertising part of the website... toa small corner ofthe paye @ should restrict should have restricted should be restricted should have been restricted 4 Ifthe information is out of date, you .. forget about having 2 website at all, a mayb may well ¢ may2s well may as well have 5 He sealed that he ... ouside lost in thought, for some considerable time. ‘2 masvbe |B Must have ¢ must have been must have had 6 hadn't closed the door and... of my massive search, the spider was not found, because b despite ¢ inspite din case ‘ToReservitions athe Plaza .. a month earlier in the ‘names of Fetmon, McCartney, Harrison and Start 2 hidmade B had been made ¢ had done had been done A recent report... that young people in Britain have very litde idea about clasical music. @ proves |b accuses ¢ suggests d decides 9 You are what jou eat is the most important thing ... a toremember. b remembering by remembering remembered 10 Thiayy per cent of British teenage girls... vegetarians. ‘a chtisider » b are considering ¢ consider themselves being d consider themselves to be How much do you remember? All the answers are in Units 6-10, 1 Wend she Soviets cutoff access between West and East Berlin? 2. Can you name an rsh poet who won the Nobel Prize for iterate? 3) What did Brad Pitt discover when he attempted to set up a pecsonal website? What Kinof company fs Webhoond? What docs agonapbobla mean, tery?) What does Captain Ond of British Airwafs 8 to do? By what means of trinsport id the Beatles embark on their st forcig tour? ‘Who wrote a symphonic poem elled My Count? ‘where do you ge protein from? 10. Which vitamin s found in fish otEA TALE OF TWO CITIES Hugh Leonard i | | | hh Dubin aelast 1 First Impression 2 Reading 1 2 Look atthe map of Ireland. What do you know -rigiegeiig ena aa eee about the region? What images of the cities of Bieetlag josh Cimsmee sre Berea Belfast and Dublin do you have? Where did these Seek pes cae pene a images come from? extract, he is on his way to meet someone from bb Which of the following statements about Ireland the Central Office of Information. The COL is awe, looking for local journalists who eaa help foreign journalists during the forthcoming elections. One 1 The southem part of Ireland is dhe Republic of leland Mis Fepeiretn Scape a eo for Eire The rest is called Northern Ireland, or Ulster Ssascdie ae ss pa Siena tar 2 The Republic of Ireland is predominantly a Catholic eaten county 3 The ih spike he Ga eae needs Ee aa 4. Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom. ‘which country or countries did Dan read about 5 la terms of erie satis, Belfast isthe safest city Tap pipe thclnierriowt {nthe United Kingdom. «+ what is there inthe texto indicate something about 6 Sports teams represent the whole of Irland the accents of the speakers? € "Now listen and check b Refore you read the whole text, check the © your answers, noe following references in the texte 1 an ulster (ine 16):2 heavy man’s overcoat 2 Concorde (live 18):a cheap kind of wine 3 a giant bar of Caramac (ine 45): bar of eream- ‘coloured chocolate DuBUN 4 mutton dressed as muaton (ine 46): vaiation on the idiom mutton drested as lamb, wich is commonly used to describe someone who is wearing clothes or makeup designed to make them look younger. Galway ‘Cork© Now read the text and answer these questions: 1 What kind of restaurant was Dan on his way to? 2 What was the weather like on his way there? 3 Why were the soldiers working in such a relaxed way? ‘What kind of work was going on in the steet? ‘What kind of welcome did Dan get when he entered the restaurant? d Find a phrase or sentence which tells you the following: 1 Dan knew that the old man smoked alot, 2. He found it hard to get rid of him. You can walk almost anywhere in ~ Belfast worth walking to in twenty ste my mind on the fall of the + ist em on ere, ts n, big fet wornen and aren’t they?” » 40 completing a bargain basement joppers | tried s 3. The man was rude to Dan after they 4 ‘The ‘improvements’ to the streer were betas done cheaply 5 Dan was hungry when he arrived a A 6 He was aware that the waiter was Searching him, © What images of Belfast does the extract give you? Haas it changed the images of the city that you already had? f Tater in the novel, someone says the name of a Central European composer, but Dan mishears it a ‘Divoreing Jack’. Who could the composer be? ‘Didn't see it, mate," | said. {took advantage of a break in the traffic to painted. Outside, workmen were from him. When | looked i ck he gave me the fingers. a I tumed left onto the Hollywood 8 Road. The Dragon Palace was about 3 half way up. It was freshly : a g improvement to the footpa Te A11 A tale of two cities 3 Speaking {Read the following comments about Dublin, both ‘of which appear on the Dublin City Council ‘website, Explain what they mean In your own words. | believe [Dublin is the most disagreeable pace in Europe, ‘at least to any but those wo have been to it from their youth, Jonathan Swift, 1727 i Thanks toa stronger economy James Joyce's dity old town 2 ‘is dean and cool. Fortune Magazine, 1997 Some of the following people were bora in Dublin. Do you know which ones? Which other Irish ‘people, dead or alive, have you heard of Share ‘what you know with other students. ono, singer with the band U2 ob Geldof. singer organiser of LAA charity ‘Oscar Wild, playwright and nov James joyce, novels, author of. : WBYeats poet a “The Coz, mal cis susic hand ‘The Duke of ce te Brush forces atthe You will find the answers tne et activity. ¥ 1 Listening 1 Me ‘You are going to hear some information about Dublin, Before you listen, make sure you understand the following words and phrases: Now listen and find the answers to these questions: 1 How long has there been a settlement where the city ‘of Dublin now stands? 2 What payment was demanded to avenge the death of, 4 Chulainn? BS. 3 How did the animals cross the river from Dublin? Which countries fought over control of the area? 5 Which of the people in listed in activity 3b were not born in Dublin? ‘The following sentences come from the listening text but they have changed slightly. What is different? Listen again to check, if you like. 1 The city is situated at the source ofthe River liffey. 2 Atharne demanded a payment of'one hundred and ‘ty ladies plus seven hundred white cows with red baie 3 The Gaelic name Baile Atha ofthe Hurdles. 4 Oscar Wilde, the author of Gulliver's Travels, was, bora in Dublin, 5 The most suecessful Irish band ofall time, the Corrs, grew up in Dundalk, ih’ means ‘the Bridge Reading 2 Writers from Dublin, or based in Dublin, have their own website www.dublinwriters.org and thelr own electronic literary magazine, Acorn. The following Is an extract from a story writen by Timothy O'Riordan, an English teacher in Spain, which was published on the Internet. This is ‘one ofthe ‘little people? to fish? 2 Why did he hold his breath for a full tn minutes? 3 What surprised him and why was he surprised?” 4 What is size eleven Doctor Martin boot and wiio do ‘you think was wearing it? 5 Were the boy and the gil the same nationality? 6 What did the leprechaun realise when he saw the shape of the g's nose? 7. Was the gist aware of her special power? 8 Why was the leprechaun worried?The Spanish Enchantress ‘One ofthe men-ok ofthe ite people had been fishing ina smal stream in the Wicklow His, not fr from the Great Waterfal. He aways found thé an excllent place forthe jb asthe fish, although sl ave, were aivaysa ted stunned ater their plunge down the rock face, so they were essiy netted or coaxed into taking a bite rom hs ine. There were few people around asthe summer hah’ been so good and those who could afford it had ventured to suniee cies. 10 Tis gentleman of the far fk had chosen 2 quiet spot under litle wooden bridge, which he'd decided on because he couldn't be seen from the bridge itself. A ‘young couple had recently passed overhead. Having held fis breath and heard nothing for full ten minutes, the leprechaun decided all was clear. He returned to catching supper forthe family, fearing that if he hadn't sufcent to fil he belies ofa the young ones, his wife would have 2 sword or to to say t0 him. He had nt retuned to his sting for more than fve 20 minutes when he detected the astinct arom of bacco ‘smoke, wich e thought ater odd ashe beeved that there were no humans for quite some distance. As he ‘peered around trom undemeath the bridge he saw 2 young Couple, each deep in ther own thoughts but nonetheless ‘ery happy wih being in one anthers company. The young man was obviously @ fay focal lad but the ie was of such remarkable beauty that theft flow ‘was transfeed, gazing upon her fra full minute without leven a twitch Her ejes wee 2 dark as the peatstained 30 waters ofthe stream that an below them yt they shone aad listened ike the August sun above them 3 it Spaced in the cascading wetess ofthe Great al Her skin was darker than he had seen before and it was dear that this git came from a country ata further south than County Willow. ‘when the litle flow finaly regained his sense, he realised why he had been so rarefied by her beauty. The ‘young ladys nose was slighty hooked, which was fevidence that many generations past there had been 40 witches in he amily or those with magical powes Perhaps the young lady was unaware ofthis When she met a young man that she liked afot and looked deep into his eyes with afoving sie, she would unwittingly ‘ast spell on the boy which would make him fallin love wth her. Now this of course, would work exerely well forthe young git butt she ever lost her affections forthe boy the poor lad would be et totally besotted, withthe spel stil fn im, but finding his lve unrequited. The young ait, ‘50 with no conscious control ove the matter herself, would continue breaking young mens hearts until she finaly found the one with whom she wanted to remain. \ 6 Listening 2 4 Refore you listen to the rest of the story, / predict ‘what the leprechaun decided to do. b You will hear the words Frin (an old name for Ireland) and cailin (a Gaelic word for a girl) in the text, Also, before you listen, work out the meaning. ‘of the following expressions. 1 can't stand ily by 2 trapped under her spelt 3 incase he was spotted 4 engrossed in each other 5 oblivious to what had happened © Now listen to the story. At the end, explain the Se whole story in your own words. Writing Weite a short composition, comparing the wo main reading texts in this unit, the extract from Divoreing Jack on page 57, and the Irish folk story ‘on this page. Consider the following: «ot ingen ie athe soe? + how doe nore me humo? «wt imporuace tached tbe wether toe weber ado conditions? ne «leh ye of wig do ou preter {an you compare thea sry with ir sores tod legends fom you country? ~ 11 A tale of two citiesCaen Bila Seen oenes Dla: la eared ‘We are all travellers in the wilderness of this world, and the best that we can find in our travels is an honest friend.’ Robert Louis Stevenson 1 First Impression 9 What does the photo on this page make you think ‘of Any particular place? Any particular images? ‘Any particular musle? b Lfyou had the chance to go ‘on the road tomorrow, travelling by toad or rail, where would you head for? Explain your choice. 2 Vocabulary A-Z of travelling Work in groups. Bratnstorm as many words as you can to do with travel and travelling, beginning with every letter of the alphabet (except »0. Include means of transport, termint, places to stay, documents ete, Here are some suggestions to start ‘you off: {A~aisport, itine, aeroplane, automobile, ativals hall (at an aspor B ~ bus board (a plane), boarding card CC car caravan, conch, customs, customs officer 3 Reading Jack Kerouacs On The Road, fist pubished in 1957 but set in 1947-8, is a seri-autobiographical account of a journey of discovery ross the USA. The adventures of Sal Paradise, the narrator, were essential reading forthe new post-war ‘beat’ generation. As Willam Burroughs sai: ‘On The Road sold 3 tilion Levs and sent countless kids on the toad. The restlessness, the dissatisfaction were already there waiting when Kerouac pointed out the oad. a The extract begins with Sal thinking about how to {get a ride out of Davenport, lowa. Read the text silently, Underline any words and expressions that you are not certain about. Don't stop to find out ‘what they mean until you finish the text. b Now re-read the words and expressions you underlined. Discuss them with other students ‘Which ones can you guess the meaning of? You can use a dictionary if you want to. Are there any words that you can’t find in a dictionary? If there are, what meaning does the context suggest (© you? © Read the text again and find words and expressions that refer to the following: «the way someone speaks «the way someone drives «© a general problem faced by people who travel in this way + something that's going to happen in the future Kerouac’s style of writing is sometimes referred 10 as ‘stream of consciousness’ Ie sas if he writes things down as he thinks of them and never goes back to change anything, The résult is prose that seems to have been written at the speed that the ‘events happened. Read the text again and find ‘examples of this style. © On The Road had an incredible impact on young, people in the late 1950s and 1960s. Can you imagine why? Do you think it retains its power In the 21st century?12 Onde road | went oti he bus station an ink hs vr ate anata areca Bats pacts a at the way aos the county knew nse ios ot was deco of cou I decided to gare Took sein dovntoum Doverpo. afer sening a altion tng a aitessin abursiaton cal and ede wc tons batsmen the gas ans, Hae bs ee tote wham, and rte two motes one oe toast fore. tn fort with ny sot aheoneg 10 hata iver great ie who jst Sard and keke a reyes Phe ay an ai alan tention toe. ol coud et mye soul ite foro fhe bogey tubles thing having ok 0 ural ene, ate them fel at hy den makes sane pene 1b, eben entertain tem snos, af whch ae when yout orga he way sd ont pon nen hotels The guy jt yled above he oa ond nee so sri one lowed, nd he blag that ting clear to love Ci and yeled me he unt sta out how he got curd te tan evry tn te ad te speed limit, saying over and over again, “Them goddam cops eee te 4 Work it Out 4 In the extract from On The Road, the writer links the events with very simple co-ordinators. Note hhow he uses and, but, s0, now and then. Look ce where one through the text again and find a pla ‘or more of the following co-ordinators could be wed. 2 pees Saeoe Cot both ... and consequently/as a result/in view of the fact that SOs ree ney poe cota either pores b Why doesn't Kerouac use the words and ‘expressions above? What would happen to the ‘pace of the exteact if the following changes ‘were made? And what a driver... Moreover the driver was a splendid example of bis profession So Teould rest my AS @ result, was able to tired soul a ttle because be bad to turn off {In view of the fact that be was ‘obliged 10. ough truck criver with 2 hoarse 20 few hours inthe seat. | slept too, and took one ite walk er ‘st 5 we led ito wa Cy he saw ante ck coming betind us, and bease be had totaal ot ona iy hebinkeshi tat igh oe ater guyand cata) nor me arpa wn oe ne ater lsechanm imppesio re colores aoe 30 big high cab and was I happy! 1 New truck-driver j ss cay sth ote an eles eter hod todo was eon at snd eee coal me out he beer he ston, sous epee the insof nebo, ond eoudsne Nemes Sut Farts teed keen nena nen jak nd oes fore coupe chen ene intwa whee yeas er Cea snd ace seas int ote ke Scena Resta end way a ‘From On THe Wo by Sak ROE «lang the lonely brick wall illuminated by one lamp, with the prairie tthe end of each tle street and the smell of th in the night, L — Grammar Spotlight Linkers Just as we rolled into lowa City he saw another truck coming behind us. ‘You can find out more about linkers in the Grammar ‘Summary on page 139. For more practice, do the exercises in section 20, on page 87 of the WB.12 On the road 5 Listening You are going to hear a telephone conversation between the editor of a travel magazine and someone who wants to write an article. In it, the ‘writer will talk about the incident shown ia the iilustration. Before you listen, speculate about the following: +» what appears to have happened outside the diner? ‘© where do you think the incident took place? + eho do you think is responsible forthe car crash? Now listen to the conversation, check the story and answer these questions: 1 Is the caller an established weiter with the magazine? 2 To begin with, is the editor enthusiastic about the 3 When does her artude change? 4. What expression had she never heard before? 5 What offer did she make to the writer? Do these sentences mean more or le the answers the writer gave? the same as 1) He and his friends have recently returned from a visit to America 2 He usually writes for a university newspaper. 3 Before they went away, they had arranged to mect some really interesting people 4 There was an accident involving their car and a rock Dane's car 5 The band admitted responsibility for the accident Writing Below isan extract from the article the traveler ‘wrote. The following phrasal verbs appear in it. Read the extract. Do you think the definitions of the phrasal verbs given here are correct in context? set off:cause a bomb to explode ‘put up: place something on a high shelf roll up-attive turn tn: 90 10 bed ‘rash out: sleep, probably on a sofa or the floor settle down: stop making 4 noise b Discuss the following things with other students: how would you deseribe the style of the piece? © which words and expressions are very informal? © do you think the piece is interesting enough to be published in 2 travel magazine? «is this story more of less interesting than the story he told the editor on the phone? Give reasons for your We were feeling a bit under the weather the next day because of the party Sam had real problem getting (0ing. We had a spot of breakfast and set off for Santa in New Mexico. We'd been there a week or 50 before and we thought ‘it was the business. We were hoping that some fiends of ‘my parents would put us up. We rolled up to their place at about ten o'clock at night. They weren't too pleased 10 see us =! think they'd already turned in. But they were really nice and we crashed out an thei lounge floo. Santa Fé is so cool! There are markets seling realy baillant jewellery at knock-dossn prices, Right ouside town, the scenery s magnificent. Sam got exited for the fst time Cn the inp and said he wanted to setde down there © ‘The editor sent the article back and asked the writer to make it a litle less informal by doing the following: + avoiding using so many contractions using fewer multipart verbs and colloquial ‘expressions «+ avoiding the need 1© start so many sentences with the ‘word we, Imagine you are a sub-editor on the magazine. Re write the extract according to the editor's wishes. 7 Discussion 2 Which books, films, songs oF poems come to mind when you think about travelling, especially the “free as a bied’ travelling that Sal Paradise wants to 4402 Discuss this in small groups and make lists bb Tell the rest of the class about the titles on your lists. Ask for information about items you have never heard of. Give additional information, if you ccan, about items you have heard of.8 Wordbuilder Mindmaps Mindmaps are a good way of organising your ‘vocabulary. You can keep adding to them once you have started. 2 Look at the mindmap of the word travel. Add ‘words to it that came up in the alphabetical brainstorming activity earlier in this unit, 10 ‘means of transport: destinations: bus, train, tax. station, port, airport documents: people: passport, visa, travel passenger, boaring care customs officer verbs: set off, take off, land, depart, arive b You can use mindmaps and illustrations to ‘organise your list of phrasal verbs. Look at the ‘examples of phrasal verbs with set. Choose another common root verb (put, turn, look ete.) and draw a mind map. set about (start) set down, (someone writing something) 9 Writer's Block: Describing Places @ Adjectives Avoid the obvious adjectives (big, small etc.) and try to find similar but more expressive words ‘Where possible, use imagery to improve your descriptions. looming abeud of me like the Promised Land 1 could see the greater vision of San Francisco beyond, ‘Uke jewels in the night ‘the smell of the corn like dew in the night. Fridge, Dustbin or Suitcase? Word Associa’ 12 On the road Write a short description of the most interesting place you have ever visited. It can be a building, city or a natural landscape. Indicate how and why it made an impression on you. Interactive English Anecdotes ‘Think about a journey you have made or you have read or heard about that made an impression on you, something that you would tell your friends about in your own language. Make notes about how you would tell the same anecdote in English, If anybody wants to, tell your story to the rest of the class. ge, Dustin or Suitcase? 5 in this unit. Put them in your fridge, dustbin or suitcase vocabulary lists. Then look back through the unit and add another two or three words to each lst. eee ee re Semen eee er Cee eer eet cay Cee Ps ns Choose a word from the list above and think of words and phrases that are associated with it. Put the words and phrases in context. Show your ‘word associations to other students in the class. The first one has been done as an example. 683How free do you feel? “One place where I dont fee! free in my own carn not allowed to decide what's a safe sped but just have D ivorey tot of arbitrary rules and totally unrealistic wed speed lit. —_ aL ‘le fora ti at school ful of things you can do ‘and lots of them are pretty silly. We can't wear Jewellery at school unless it has a religious meaning. How can wearing a necklace possibly make any & itterence to how hard you work?" SD eat ry fa le bran ard oe shoul OO cepa arth were scaef the fur contri athe sor ihare yoo have cary dant cards ll che WV eee eee epaaas “I felt really annoyed recently in the video shop. ‘They wouldn't let me take out American Beauty because it's got an 18 certificate and I couldn't prove [was 18, la fact I'm ot, but if my dad thinks i's OK if watch it, who's got the sight to say Ican't” “1 think you should be free to do what you want as long as i doesn’t endanger others. So getting drunk isn't illegal but orving when you're drunk is Because you could kil “The problem wit feedom i to decide where mine ends and yous begins. fm fee to pay my musc at fll volume, wat happens to your feedom to get some sleep?” «Whar or of person dl you thinks speaking cach ‘ime? Give reasons, ow stn and find out more about the people who td them + Disass with other bent: Which of he ffeedome/inftingensens of feedom mentioned inthe soundbites do youthink sche most serous? Are there any you feel ae wv” «Here arelsome examples ofsbe We ofthe word {freedomats the meaning the fame in ech one? 1 The stletes were given the freedom of the city 2 Heleft the army to become a freedom fighter. 3. She only had freedom of movement in one arm, «+ Free has many meanings - mostly adjectival although {it can also be used as 2 verb and adverb. Take two ‘minutes and pote down as many as you can, Make a ‘lass list and then check in a dictionary to see how many meanings are given there, ‘+ Now answer the big question Yourself: How free do ‘you feel? Restrict yourself to about fifty words. You might lke to write these anonymously on slips of paper and then pass them up to the teacher to read out Gi there is time) or you could pass them round the clas to read. ‘Univenarry oF OxronoDiscussion and Debate Wdentity Cards ‘+ One ofthe soundbites raised the question of national identi cards. Visitors are often surprised to discover that they do not exist dn Britain Various British governments have tried to introduce ID cars, but have never succeeded. 4+ What do you think about identity canis? Here are some ideas o give you food for ‘thought 1n favour of 1D cards © they are used workdwide and in most European countries 4 they could replace passports they provide proof of age © ey cam reduce fraud Against 1D cards: 4 they take away your privacy 4 the information could be incorrect “forgeries and theft cause problems ‘You have been invited to participate in the following dehate on the subject of ID cards: There és no justification in obliging the entire adult population to carry ID cards Just 50 that teenagers can prove thetr age. ‘© As ina formal debate, there will be four 'speakers:two who agree and two who disagree. (See page 53 for more details of hhow to organise a debate). Work in pairs to ‘Prepare your arguments and then debate in ‘mall groups.Ask for volunteers to speak in front of the whole cass and end with 2 class vote, Are you happy with the system in force in your own country for proving your identity? If not, how would you change i? Rights and obligations ‘01 1 October 2000, the European Convention on Human Rights became part of the British legal system. The objective is to protect individual hhuman rights and freedoms and promote the values of a democratic society — pluralism, tolerance and broadmindedness. Here are the major rights and freedoms safeguarded under the Human Rights Act: “ight vole * prohibition of corture ‘prohibition of slavery and forced labour 4 ight to iberty and security 4 fight toa fie trial no punishment without law (right to respect for private and family life + freedom of assembly and association * freedom of thought, conscience and religion + freedom of expression However, rights imply obligations. “A right fs not effectual by itself, but only in relation to the ‘obligation to which it corresponds.” Simone Wel, 1949 Write a short article entitled Human Obligations. Describe some of the obligations we all have towards ‘others - family, friends, workmates, neighbours, fellow citizens and people of other nations, religions and ‘ethnic communities. ‘© You might like to discuss this whole concept of ‘obligations in class first to get some ideas or try to {find a simplified summary of Human Rights legistation 4s a basis (you could look on the Internet for a website) ‘ist what you sce to be basic human obligations, concentrating on particular issues that interest you or, if you prefer, write a plece thafexamines the whole Issue more generally 2 * Don't forget to let others read your work and read theirs ~ this may not be a right or'an obligation, but it should ly bean eye-opener! | ykieee Structure: Time expression Reet ee Reet Would you believe in a love at first sight? Yes I'm Certain that it happens all the time. From With afte hep from my friends by The Beatles b Which of the words In this list also have another ‘meaning which has nothing to do with weddings? © Which wedding items in your country are not mentioned here? ‘You can cheek the meanings of all the words on. page 120. 3 Reading @ Before you read the news item on the next page, what do you think the headline means? b Read the first paragraph. Does it help you understand the meaning of the expression blind date? Predict how the two people were introduced to each other. © Before you read the complete text, look at these expressions in context. In your own words, what do you think they mean? ‘the blind date to end them all (ine 6) bey are on the same wavelength (ine 8) the pick of 300 listeners (ine 13) ‘bad no hesitation tn popping the question Cine 16) ‘4 grilung from a panel of Glenn's best friends Cine 21) 6 the two... tied the knot (ine 23) 7 he's got a realty lovely beart (ine 31) 1 First Impression a Look at the photo of a typical white wedding’. What words and images does it make you think of? Write down as many words and phrases as you can, Dom't describe the picture, just write down ‘what it makes you think of. d. Now read the complete text. Are the following b Mingle with other students and read the words: aeouenge er cabee they have written down. What words occur most 1 Glenn decided to marry the fist person who phoned, often? although he dida’t ike hee. 2 Glen and Leif got married even though they had never met before 2 Vocabulary 3. He was worried about proposing to someone he had @ Which of the following words have something to only spoken to. So aenE aman winch os chy peoduag ards 4. She agreed tothe marrage, ven though she knew have an equivalent in your language? ia eit ai ree cso from his best rien. 5. She had decided she would marry him even if she ‘dt think he was good-looking. care n bouquet bride bridle bridesmaid eee ae en) Pe TO} ee i ema 66The ultimate blind date from Roger Maynard in Sydney Glenn Emerton and Leif Bunyan met for the first time yesterday. Within a few moments, they ‘exchanged marriage vows. It was a remarkable match by any standards, and the blind date to end them all. You can tell by the passionate wedding day kis that ‘they are on the same wavelencth. Which isjust as well, as they are the world’s first 10 couple to make a lifetime commitment to each other by rai He was put forward by his local radio station as the most desperate bachelor’ in town. She was the pick of 300 listeners who rushed to the telephone offering ‘themselves as brides. Glenn, a 24-year-old marketing consultant, had no hesitation in popping the question live on the air, even though he had never caught 50 much as @ fleeting glimpse of he. But frst Leif, 22, who works at a management 20 traning centre, had to survive a lie detector test and a grilling from a panel of Glena’s best friends, an astrologer and a psychologist. “The two, whose only contact had been 3 marriage proposal over the telephone, on a radio promotion called Two Strangers And A Wedding, ted the knot ata ceremony at Syéney’s Hilton Hotel this morning. Before flying to Pars for a week-long honeymoon, ‘the new bride said: “I think this is very romantic = more 30. romantic than marrying someone after going out with them for three years. | think he's lovely. He's got 2 really lovely heart, beautiful eyes and a great big smile and he seems wonderful’ ‘he added that she doesn't even care what Glenn looks like. After all, she has ‘the next 50 years’ to get used to him. oo hen ee Ne eer 13 Love at first sight 4 Discussion ‘What do you think about Glenn and tes decision to get married on the day they met? Diwsnthe decision and then have a vote: . + Who thinks i's a good idea or a bad idea? * Who thinks the marriage will lst? Time expressions within» few moments they exchanged marrage vows before hing Par fora weeklong honeymoon You an find out more about ine expresonsn the rari Summary on page 128 Writing In fact, the marriage of Glenn and Leif falled and they separated after three months, Using the following details, write the news report of the failure of the marriage. Use the following notes. Use as many different time expressions as you can. ‘+ Bay honeymoon in Pais they saw the sights/nice + Day 2:trouble - they wafted to do different things: she wanted t0 take a Boar along the River Seine/ne ‘wanted (o sit in a café with a beerad a newspaper + Day 3:Leifsaid she was fed up-with French food and ‘wanted a hamburger, they had dinner separately + Day 4:Glenn told Lei he didn’t like the Frenct perfume she had just bought and thought it expensive + Day 5:Glenn said het had enough of Ps 0 home: Lei minded him that they a whole week + Day 6:they went sightsceing + Day 7:flew home on the same, interview at airport on arsival Leif told reporters:"We had a ‘though i ralned all the time back to her mother's house tft aNying stare - 713 Love at first sight. ———A 6 Speaking v Writing ‘Match the invitations and the written responses. Does the style of the response match the style of the invitation? Mr and Mrs Eoward Benson have Pleasure in inviting, Caroline Smith to the wedding of their Daughter Amy and Mr Daniel Watson Att an. on 14th May At All Saints Church, Woodstock, Reception tthe Dal Hote ‘Thanks for the invitation. | Tm away the whole of May | oe Marshall and Carr Publicity ‘Thank you for the invitation. Unfortunately | will be unavalable cn the date in ‘question and wil therefore be unable to attend the vent, Best of luck with the new business venture, garry Marshale Hit So qpod to hear fram you! Youre. 1 we do need to sit down and chat If be there, don't you worry! det's 7 Listening 2 Listen to Amy Benson telephoning four people to tell them about her wedding. Make a note of the following: + ate the people her close fiends? {were they expecting the marriage to take place? {+ how, if at all,do they congratulate her? 4 do they acceptor turn dowa the invitation? The following lines are all from the conversations. Mark the word with the main stress on it. Then listen again and check. 1 rary and change my fight {In ft, 1 come even if Tean' change my fight wouldn't miss your wedding for the world! Come on, Peter you knew who Dan ts Were geting married in Cambridge. I would have replied if we bad. Til be there even if [Dave fo charter a private plane, Wild horses wouldn't hoep me away: € Sentences 3 and 8 in 7b both indicate great ‘enthusiasm for doing something. Are there similar ‘expressions in your language? Here are some other expression suggesting enthusiasm or reluctance to do something. Think of simiar expression in your language. J wouldn't miss that for all the tea in China. Tl be there come hell or high water I wouldn't touch that with a barge pole, I wouldn't do that ifyou patd me.8 Speaking Improvise a phone conversation. ‘Work in pairs. Imagine that you know each other, butare not close felends. The following exchanges should be quite formal, Student A: imagine that you have sent one ofthe inviations above and you are telephoning someone to check if they ean come Student Be You are yourself Decide (@) if you want to accept or turn down the invitation and ¢b) how well you {know the person who is calling you (iriend? parent ofa {eiend?) Devise and act out your conversation. 9 Intonation Stress changes in sentences The stress of a sentence can change. Different ‘words are sometimes stressed if you repeat something and/or want to emphasise something. 2. Where is the main stress in this sentence? Listen © and compare your answer. 1 sew the Italian president when I was getting off a plane in Budapest b Imagine that you said the sentence in (a) and peer ete net Pros ee So ee ee Example: You met the Italian president? No, Tsaue-the Italian president. You saw the American president? You saw the Halian resident? When you were getting of a train? ‘When you were getting on a plane? When you were getting off a plane tn Bucharest? 10 Debate Debate the following motio ove at first stgbt ts nota realty the concept onty ‘exists tn the minds ofthe authors of cheap love stories ‘You can find rules for informal or formal debates {in Unie 10 on page 53. 13 Love at first sight Fridge, Dustbin or Suitcase? “The following words and phrases appeared {n this unit. Put them in your fridge, dustbin or sultease vocabulary lists. Then look back through the unit and add another two oF three words to cach list. rea a enn cee erate fleeting glim carn ieee 0 out with iene e ee ere en Cee aa ret ee ee ea) ranted Word Associations ‘Choose a word from the list above and think of words and phrases that are associated with It. Put the words and phrases in context. Show your ‘word associations to other students in the clas, ‘The first one has been done as an example. blind date: 90 on a blind date with someone someone who knows two introduces them. to each other ory oman va only Hearts dle aoe go out with, to gee eugene)eed Boers Cece nit i i rides all the enjoyment of getting ‘Making a funny film provides all t vn f gettin Soe iacamens in the blades of a threshing machine. Woody Allen fim director First Impression Discuss the following questions: + how importants the einema to people in the class? + how often do most people inthe cass go tothe + what are the mest popular kinds of films amang the ‘cinema goers? Speaking 1 Read the following item which appeared ina satirical article about che predictability of much of ‘modern cinema. Before you read it, check the meaning of these words by choosing an answer to the questions. 1 What happens if you defuse a bomb? a Itexplodes. b It doesn't explode. 2 Ifsomeone shows a threatening manner towards you, should you worry? 2 Yes. b No, 3. What does retirement indicate? 1a Youre getting a new job. b You aren't going t0 work any more lane down, do you 4 Ifyou talk the pilot ofa plane dé ‘help them land the plane or b persuade them to set off the plane? 5 Ifyou wince, what docs your face show? 2 Pain, b Panic b Can you name a film where one of these story: lines formed part of the plot? [ a What I have learnt from the movies 1 Should you decide to defuse a bomb, don't worry which wire to cut. You will always choose the right one. 2 Should you be heavily outnumbered in a martial arts fight ~ don't worry! Your enemies will wait patiently to attack you one by one by dancing around ina threatening manner until you have knocked out their predecessors. 3 Honest and hard-working policemen are traditionally gunned down three days before their retirement, 4 Rather than waste bullets, megalomaniacs Prefer to kill their enemies with complicated ‘machinery containing fuses, pulley systems, deadly gases, lasers, and man-eating sharks, Which allow their captives at least 20 minutes to escape. 5 It’s easy for anyone to land a plane providing there is someone in the control tower to talk them down. 6 You're very likely to survive any battle in any ‘war unless you make the mistake of showing someone a picture of your sweetheart back home, 7 Aman will show no pain while taking the most ferocious beating, but will wince when a woman tries to clean his wounds, 8 A detective can only solve a case once he has been suspended from duty. 9 Police chiefs deliberately assign all officers a Partner who is their total opposite. 10 When they are alone, military officers of any Nationality prefer to speak to each other in English, | —[—[— I3 Work it Out ‘The following examples contain inverted verbs, but they are not questions. What other way is there of saying these things? ‘Should you decide to defuse « bomb, don't worry {wbieh wire to cut Were we to win the lottery, I think we would both give up working. Hlad we known about the delay, we would have taken {he train instead. Grammar Spotlight Inversions in conditional sentences Suggest two different completions for each of these sentences: Should you need any help, . Were Ito give you that information, Had we known about the ghost before we booked the room, . ‘You can find out more about inversions in conditional sentences in the Grammar Summary on page 131. For more practice, do the exercises in section 5, on age 66 of the Ws, 4 Reading 1 4 Before you read the article about James Cameron and his film Titanic, discuss the following: ¢ Do you know anything about the ship which was called the Titanic? Have you seen Cameron's film? What can you remember about It? b Read the articie and put these pieces of extra information in one of the places marked (). 1 made by oceanographer Robert Ballard 2 an increase of 50% more than his original estimate 3 Russian scientific vessel equipped with underwater vehicles 4 an aristocratic young Englishwoman and a poor talented artist 5 starring Amold Schwarzenegger and Jamie Lee Curtis 6 the biggest ship ever huitt © Read the text (and the extra information) again and find words which match the following definitions. In the article the words may be in a different form to the definition (c.g. verbs may be {in the past tense ete.) LT eee Pes UM ee Tuto (-¥ DRL a ee hacen ener ae irom ieaencrre nanan Ree eae Perec ene RLS ea Ce al Pies accra ee ee Se rats eae one Cera ene Roc naar ea ee oe ere Ror tae nee nee at he could proceed with the movie. C thatthe costs had increased and would $125 million, (). The studio chief oh Cee en , its ee aac aera eee CR ae st a 1 awritten agreement to go ahead and do something 8 work idea that you are putting into practice oF will Put into practice to show or give details of something to make an approximate calculation bring together to get Digger to complain Where is the stress in these words? Are there other ‘ways of stressing them? Do they mean the same thing if they are stressed differently? is film True Lies, () and told d Titanic would cost no more14 Making movies = d Are the following sentences true or false? 6 Reading 2 The reading text Is an extract feom an article about Simon Crane, the stunt co-ordinator on Titanic. Before your read it, use your dictionary to find the meaning of the following words. 1 First of all, Cameron suid that the film would be much ‘cheaper to make than True Lies. 2 After seeing the underwater images, the studio told ‘Cameron that it was going (o be (00 expensive to ‘make the fm. 3. Cameron told ther that the cost would not be more ‘than his original estimate. 4 The studio chiefs told him to reduce the cost of the fm. ounce daredevil. drew the short straw Cee ae Tan amt ccs faz pas 5 Listening a. Listen toa radio report in which journalist Morgan Cartis continves his story of the making of Titante, Which of the following things does he refer to? b You have already heard some Information about the stunt actors in this film, Now scan the article to see if it mentions anything terrible that happened during the making of the film. € Answer the following questions. Some of them require your opinion, not just your ability to scan the article. a description of the set the working conditions of the actors and extras the Oscar ceremony the studio reaetion to dhe increasing costs Pincmrcactecr watt ed, 1 Why is Law scboot (ine 3) in italics? 2. Whats the best way to deseribe a stunt? 3 Which i the fastest movement word inthe article? b Listen again and explain what these adjectives low would you usc it in a different context? describe: 4 Can you imagine what the origin ofthe expression draw the short straws? 5 What does he mean when he says: We tant Intelligent people, not daredevil Read about the Slovenian daredevil who skied down. Example: ‘nervous’ describes the reaction of Mount Everest in Progress Check 3 on page 80. the studio boses to the rising costs Note: a gallon of water Is about five litres. astronomical nervous astonishing dangerous ao eee ishitby 300 tonnes cf loxted Crave, have you saaysbeen mad?" "Um, na hesays__stean who rey te eT Int by 300 the FO a cl, sine ctr foro (13 ete we 5 eer “we only had three injuries in the whole shoot and | think that's ins very urbane, very Engl 7 ate ever of itandleftto actually’ Law school? “But hated every second Jood recor, el yu exact what they were ~ broken 2 a mmsaamnerne gap oiconety a9 oa wee erat. worked two year 10 get is Equity card and spent his 3 €9. one person fractured two tibs and ‘had a hail F E at training. ‘ofthe cheek ~ the last two were back at work the next evening. Sov ine sr ae woe He aig Ae shea cad, you Whe oa a fs we et ee caps Gara. sane. medio rc oe ners or wong o% coon sep dni 2 en Cane er hespe DEANE pcan ps ee atpecl etm Aen pene ol crear ote ee aurtoaodegee sg we perce uel D tact a an te fale azo seep Ad se Canes OD or paren ome Matheson her sun ee dete Same oper keprose ob? che me ee moc wk tates vat PE, ime a es rem anstston reas ANE ent nsmqcnceait arte setae ante tert pada comps to gaoler oOo ysconpand = DuRarg ct. Di a Se sh na ay reeset OP wan 22001 rbot aodsie RP EE TT apie tar he Gumdan 29 ry 1938 27 Writer's Block Reporting what people said In the interview with Simon Crane, the reporter avoids starting every sentence with I asked and be said, Look back and check how he did It. Now read the following paragraph and think of ways of varying the sentence style. Use direct speech, expressions such as in her reply, or experiment with word order, asked the Finance Minister if she would tell the nation if she was planning any rises in the level of income tax. She sald that we would have to wait until next week to hear her final plans. {said that our readers wanted to know immediately. She told me that she understood the readers’ concerns, nd she would do everything in her power to get the information ready by the following day. ‘She said that it was important to make sure that the {information was available ina clear and concise way. 1 asked her if she would consider speaking in a lear and concise way herself. She told me to leave her office. ‘Write an account of what you now know about the making of the film Titanic. Refer to the reading and listening texts for details, and credit the journalists or broadcasters who you got the information from, but try to write the piece in ‘your own style. Speaking 2 Work in groups. Write the names of five films that some people in the group have seen but others haven't, Ask about one of the films you haven't seen. ‘Students who have seen the film should then talk about it. Consider the following: + the performances of the actors : © the plot, storyline and * + any gossip of news stories that came out about the film or the actors © Fri Word Associations — 14 Making movies On Air ‘You are going to hear a radio programme about the death of an entertainer called Sid Molloy. Don't worry if you don’t understand every word. Try to find the answers to the following questions: ‘What kind of entertainer was he? ‘What kind of material did he use? Why does Sylvia Stevens object to Molloy's work? ‘What kind of defence do the two men make in response to her objections? 5 Which of the three people in the studio actualy saw Sid Molloy ‘ive’ on stage? ‘idge, Dustbin or Suitcase? The following words and phrases appeared {in this unit, Put them in your fridge, dustbin or suitcase vocabulary lists. Then look back through the unit and add another two or three words to each list. ern re) ery er Cees heavily re ft lemand tory para ear vs ee et tu te Cra ed wince wreck Choose a word from the list above and think of ‘words and phrases that are associated with it, Put the words and phrases in context. Show your ‘word associations to other students in the class. iw Pe cashing to knos ing is going to inadmace I didn't anticipate that this would be so oli, foresees forecast (also a nowt), fortune-teller, anticipation, prediction ‘See Unit 14 Extra (page 121) for information about film makers from Central Europe. BSoundbites 4 + Read the soundbites. Each one of them has an extra unnecessary word, Work out which one it i:Then listen and check. ‘+ Rank these comments in order of effectivencss in your opinion ~ 1 being the most effective way of ‘making a good impression and 7 the least effective ‘Compare with others - do you agree? If not, discuss ‘why you have chosen a different ranking. e When you want to make a good impression, what do you do? “1 take special care choosing what to wear, If you are look good, it gives you confidence.” ‘Laugh and the world laughs with you! | always smile ‘alot when i'm with other people ~ | sometimes smile so much so that my muscles ache afterwards.” ‘Tprapare to what Ine going to say inomy head ~ & sort of dress rehearsed, Thad iony Tc not lot for words ‘Be yourself —that’s my advice. Ifyou wear a mask, ‘you'll never have any of real friends.” ‘Never boast or show off 1 don’t ike it when other people it 0. careful to avoid do it myself. Even if know someone's wrong and 'm right, I don’t say. Mast people don’t like to be corrected.” ay lots of compliments ~ that's my seat. Make other people to fel good and they ike you, Make them fel bad and they won't. Simple ‘Tdon't say too much ~ that way I don't show my ignorance. just let a mysterious smile be play around my lips. It you do that, people think you know everything!” sceoremssmeres secre ‘To gct to the top in big business, some people play a variety of power games to create the image they ‘want of themselves. Here are some golden rules that can help them climb the corporate ladder to + Plan several steps ahead + Say less than is necessary + Never appear to be perfect {Be absent sometimes to increase your value {+ Associate with happy and fortunate people Compare these mules with what was sald in the soundbites. What similarities and differences are there? Do you approve of power games? Do we all have to play them to some extent?Discussion and Debate Dedicated Followers of Fashion ‘An important part of our Image is how we ook and an important part of how we look is what we wear. What we choose to buy and how much we pay is partly dictated by the fashion industry —a competitive and highly ucrative international business. Some say it ‘adds colour and glamour to our lives while ‘others sec it as harmful exploitation. + You are now going to explore these issues. Get into groups of four Each group should choose ‘one of the following viewpoints to put forward. ease make sure that every group has a different viewpoint, ‘Clothes area necesity and the fbes and lth that make them are produced weridvide. Over 300,000 people are ‘employed in Brain aloe in he fashion indy and the {obs often go to women and eth inode. We are now obsessed with what we look like, as ‘opposed to what we ae. Both men and wornen search forthe perfect look and pay exorbitant prices fort, Fashion is making us superficial and dissatisfied ‘Young people, men and women can suf from serious ‘eating csordes as atest of uying to copy waferthin ‘model and ski pop stars. There is also considerable ‘explitaton inthe garment industry with women and. tilde working under appaling conditions in sweatshops, mostly inthed world counties. Writing ‘A Report on Tweenagers Image ts becoming important to a younger and younger group ~ the ‘tweenagers' (a word created by marketing companies to describe children, with, an average age of 11, who aren't yet teenagers but refuse to be called or considered children). Clothes are an important means of sl-expression and ‘we at fee to choose what we buy. Ther is plenty of cheap clothing about and we can all create our own, individual se. Tink how drab the work would be ‘we al looked the same. ‘¢ Add your own ideas and try to think of a least ‘wo examples to reinforce the points you are -making Tey to support points with a practical itlustration. You can introduce them with one of these expressions: for example... for instance .. let me give ‘you an example... we cam see thts in. ‘4 goad example of 15... ‘+ Take turns to put forward your arguments and then have a free discussion. ‘This group are very impressionable and enormously influenced by advertisements, ‘magazines and peer pressure. They want 10 express themselves and they like to express themselves ~ of are they just being exploited? ‘+ You have been asked by a research company to write 1 short report on “tweenagers’ Are there any fashion ‘conscious children in your country? What sort of ‘shops benefit from this new market? Are parents in your country prepared to give in to their children’s ‘demands in this way? {+ Work alone o¢ with others to note down as many ideas as you ean. Then write your repor, giving your ‘opinions about ‘weenagers'in your country, with as many concrete examples as you can. You should also, include some recommendations as to what kind of new shops could/should be opened to eater for them, + Let others read what you have written. A great new business idea could be hom! BBC) ean ee teeta Seat a eee) Ceaser oie ee ‘Democracy consists of choosing your dictators after they've told you what they think you want to bear.’ 1 First Impression Read che following definitions of democracy. Which one do you think is the most accurate in the modern world? Give reasons for your choice and say what you think about the other definitions. + Government by the people; that farm of government ‘hich the sovereign power resides in the people is exerctedelther directly by them ar by officers atccted by them, In modern use, often denoting 2 Social tate in which all have equa ight. (The j Shorter Orford Engh DONT) ore 2 The practice or spr of socal equality eT 3. Asocial condition of clas clasiessness and equal (Collins English Dictionary) ee SETS - 4 A democracy 9 country where the people hoot thei government by vain or Caine | Cobuild English Language Dictionary) ag 2 Vocabulary Check the meaning of the following words and expressions, all of which have something to do with the democratic process. ‘Alan Coren, English walter Pees ey omination/nominee opposition popular vote secret ballot stand for (parliament/a constituency) Perrin pees eon b Now complete these sentences with a word or phrase based on the words in the list in 2a. 1 {don't know which ...'m going to ... ‘They all seem to be the same, 2 The president was... after an... which concentrated ‘on hee plans for taxation 3A famous writer has decided to .. President. 4 The prime minister has constant problems with some members of the 5 The idea of a you 5s that in theory no one knows who Reading 1 In January 2001, the Republican candidate George 'W Bush became the 43rd President of the United States of America. He defeated Al Gore, the Democratic nominee,*n an election which was originally held on the 7 November 2000. The actual result wasn't confirmed until the 13th December, because Gore contested the result in the state of Florida. 2 On the next page, in the left-hand column, you will ‘see an item which appeared on the Internet after the election. There are six pieces of information. (On the right are details relating the information to the 2000 US presidential election. Read items 1-6. Match them with the extra pieces of information @n. b Answer these questions about specific words and ‘expressions in the text. 1 Point 2:What fs meant hy a state's buman rights recon 2 Point 3:Do you know anything about the USA's predemocracy past? 3 Point 4:What could cause an election result to be disputed?4 Point 5:Are you likely o vote fora candidate that you despise? 5 Point (a) How is the word translated being used here? 6 Point (e) It mentions the first count, Why do you think a second count was necessiry? 7 Point (D What do you think the policies of an extreme right-wing candidate mighe be? 8 Point D How could someone be confused by the design ofa ballot paper? 4 Discussion Which of the information below in tewto Discuss this with other students and add any’ Information that you know about the 2000 US presidential election. Describe the similarities and differences between the election system in the US and in your country, = — = = se = -¢ >. | Ba Fa dit What would you think .. 1. If gou read about an election in a faraway ‘country in which the new president was the son of a former president and the former president had been the head of that nation’s secret police? 2.» if the winner was the governor of the province ‘which had the worst human rights record of any province in his nation, executing more people than any other province? 3.» f the winner actually received fewer votes than the loser but won the election because of an electoral college system from the nation’s re-demacracy past? I the winner's victory was based on disputed votes cast in a province where the governor was his brother? 5 If thousands of voters in one district of that Province didn’t vote for the candidate of thelr choice (the losing candidate) because the baltot Dapers were badiy designed, and they actually voted for a right-wing candidate whom they despise? 6.» six milion peopie voted in the disputed Drovince and the winning candidate won by only 327 votes? 4 The US presidential election 1s only partly based on the number of votes cast by the electorate, These votes are then transtated into electoral college votes, a system which Is 150 years old, Big states have between 20 and 30 electoral college votes, smatter states have far fewer. To become president, the successful candidate needs 220 electoral college votes. George W Bush won the contest by 271 votes to 267. ‘The loser Al Gore recelved a majority of the popular vote ~ 50.2 million votes to 49.8 mitt of Texas, In recent years, Texas has been the state with the highest number of executions of ‘any state In the US. € In Florida, Bush we the first count, 4 The governor of the state of Florida Is Jeb Bush, George W Bush's younger brother. © George W Bush's father, George, was US President from 1969 to 1992. Before that he was head of the Cif (the Central Intelligence Agency), £ Many voters in a mainty black district of Florida voted for Pat Buchanan, an extreme right-wing candidate, because they were confused by the ‘design of the baltot papers. W fewer than 400 votes on | ! | | a20 controle the leita 15 Vote for me! 5 Reading 2 ‘You are going to read an extract from anovel called Stormy Weather. The central character is a fictional former Florida state governor, Cin Tyre, who td to conto the over deve lop) state. The text describes the events whic! {ed to him being elected eS SS ‘Florida governor in the (Note: this isa novel and Clinton eeu ‘Tyree Is a purely Before you read the entire text, look in Mtalics. Read them in seni pee inked them try to match them with the following seen "mn el bd <—@ in theory at full of unpleasant people, ois, trouble uncontrolled 2 period of ime worsen, get dry tn dhe nk 1970s,2 man gamed Cliwon Tyre in fr governor 30 “ot rioria.On paper he seemed 20 Kea candat,2 bok! Sesh oie in cyaical age. He was restive 20, Ransome, seapping an excallege football cnsaton and Secret Merean ofvictsan-On the campalgn walle could tlk sar ‘lm each or play dumb inthe Panhandle ithe media were daaled because he spoke i compete sentences and without index cards Best of a is feat pst wae wnt hy soy tines eas 10 aeccies of which axed the comprchcoston of ounains and readers alle) “Gunn Tyree’ only pial bil was veya sn 28 8 Engl professor athe University of Fr jb tat moray woud have marked a cance 2 100 chou vented and broadens fr sate oice Du ina stun sc vores forgave Clin Tree's rd ad feted Nn Manet the Tthaseec etabistment welcomed the new cet cxceutive. The barkers pimps and fastchange artists wRo assumed that ke most of MS ily wou ld toto the ne understood now ‘predecessors, Clinton Tyee rogram. He wat, afe local boy Surely oviestar smile was the incendlaty ei him tothe capital pasion te ec and umn that was erty unecogalabe 10 omeE that Caton Tyree was cry Newyork “4p nove cused more uproar had he been preaching stan 50 paving b Read the complete text and find ia a the following Haw was Clinton Tyree different ree from previo ‘governors of the state? = “Which state was he from? Haw did he impress people at the time: ae ot his Was there anything ih ing i his pase that he ashamed of po ‘Why is tt a problem ifa candidate 4 candidate has had an academic career? ta How was Tyee a erat fom wha he appeared 7 IBIS sno . What kind of people did he fee? ‘whee af 6 resents to tay ou ofthe Tan gather our sents’ He announced 2 gpl of Nets ‘epuntion Growth ad proposed generous NEEM H pares that wigan reduced human density Tse cou preschoolers. The view thatthe new governot was mental wasble Sas reinforced by his refusal © accept btbes. Mors appalling Pe ‘Sure the details of these tict of ena of vestigation. tn that manne, one of te sates est vind mont pouically connected ane developers ao nt GOW: aritea and eonicted of corrpsion-Cleaty Clon TY WAS ro previous governor had dad 10 lsu the buses of ‘Frida For seventy glorious yews, the state had sbi ifelin dhe pip of hose mot ecient a lodng 6 SOMES

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