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Presentation On Indian Pol Housing
Presentation On Indian Pol Housing
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Pol is a dense mass of two to three storeY building made
porous by small house courts, public spaces and narrow
streets.
Each pol has a well-defined boundary and an entrance gate.
The houses are clustered around looped or dead-end streets
and sub-streets. The land is used intensely with almost all
plots fully covered without any margins. The houses are
oriented towards internal private courtyard. The built form
generates mostly positive open spaces.
Built mass
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Streets
!"! ! #! #! Open spaces
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Pol housing in ahmedabad is not the result of one particular time but over the period
of time various forces like # !" " aspects has evolved
the form of pol.
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Instability and disordered life with insecurity in maratha period led to them the
planning of pol.
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group of people of same caste or profession came together for greater interaction
and formed a community to support each other.
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the hot-dry climate of ahmedabad led to the compact wall to wall clustering of house
forming narrow streets which remains shsded all the time.
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stone and wood are the basic material due to its easy availability.
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Primary urban structure is ruled by the river, the wall and
internal network. the twelve gates on the fort wall lead
streets to the centers, they are bhadra and manek chowk,
the political & commercial centres.
The internal network of streets consists of commercial
streets and poles formed by an arrangement of residential
clusters. This suggests a system of urban spaces.
MANEK
CHOWK
BHADRA POLE
FORT
The systems of urban spaces is graded in the following manner : 1st order ±
bhadra ± manek chowk, central axis 2nd order ± chaklas near gates
3rd order ± at the beginning of pols 4th order ± choktha at
inter ± sections of pols. 5th order ± falia in between the pol &
khadki at the end of pol. 6th order ± space internal to institutional or residence.
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There are different scale of open spaces in pol housing. With different scale and location
of open spaces, the definition of that open space will differ.
Open spaces are connected with each other ,forming the heirarchy of open spaces.
Open spaces are used for different kind of activity as per location& scale of open
spaces.
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OPEN SPACE AT CITY URBAN LEVEL.
MANEK CHOCK IS LOCATED ON MAIN AXIS OF BHADRA FORT.
THE CONTINOUS EDGE OF FOUR STOREY BUILT MASS OF THE SURROUNDING
HOUSES LEND THE OPEN SPACE SPATIAL DEFINATION AND HUMANE SCALE.
AT DAY TIME,AS THE MARKET SPACE
& FOR PARKING AND AT NIGHT TIME
BECOMES RECREATIONAL SPACE
WITH HAWKERS.
DAY TIME
NIGHT TIME
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public type of interaction at urban level.
This place is at the junction of three main
streets.
Mainly commercial activities are present on
periphery.
Retail trading by hawkers [mainly fruits &
vegetables] takes place in the centre.
Constant movement of people gives higher
public ness to this place.
Public services like public toilets & public
telephones are also provided in this area.
shops
chakla
shops
shops Public toilet
25m
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Street network consist of three
types of streets.
1. Main street
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2. Distribution street ! "!!
3. Access street
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Dwelling units
shops
6m Street bazaar
shops
Dwelling units
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Commercial &trade activities on
main street
public type of interaction at urban
level.
9m This space connects small open
spaces.
Most of the main entrances of
6m poles opens on this main street.
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Distribution street connect the pol with the main
street.
Distribution street are more local territorialized
version of street bazaar.
Beside the commercial activities they also have
other social facilities & utilities.
Commercial area is a part of a dwelling unit having
single ownership.
The facilities and utilities depends on local context
and life-style of house-hold.
9m
4.5m
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Access streets connects the semiprivate open
spaces ( khadki) with distribution street.
Entries to the dwelling units are given from the
access street and the khadki.
When entry to the dwelling unit is from access street,
it is also used for household activities and utilities.
9m
3.0m
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Courtyard space at the junction of street is called µchoktha¶.
This place highlights semi-public type of interaction at urban level.
This place is at the meeting point of three subordinate streets, connecting main streets.
Here also daily activities like parking, washing
clothes, etc.take place on the side & occasional
activities take place in the centre.
Commercial activities take place in the approach
from main street.
The typical structure called µchabutaro¶ placed
in the centre of the µchoktha¶ is a focal point.
Dwelling units
choktha
shops
15 m Dwelling units
Dwelling units
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It is the semi private space.
A narrow approach from street leads to the
typical entrance gate of this place.
Organization of this place consists of squarish
courtyard space in the middle, & on the two
sides the dwelling units faces each other. One
side is the entrance gate & the other side is
the buildings of shorter span used for storage Plan of khadki
& stairs.
summer this place is used for sleeping.
This space is used for parking. Separate
wash area called µchokdi¶ space. so interaction
between neighbors is much more in this space.
This space is strongly enclosed and defines parking in Wash area
in khadki
itself from the street by the gateway. khadki
Entry to the
khadki
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In maratha period, insecurity & instability lead to the planning
of pol ,so fortress kind high density planning was done.
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Semi-public
3. Open space becomes the central
space
space for light & ventilation also acts
as a transition space between semi- Semi-private
public & public spaces
space
semi-private private
Private
open space open space
space
plan section
plan section
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DUE TO THE PYSICAL LOCATION
1. HOUSE ALONG THE STREET
2. HOUSE AT A JUNCTION
3. HOUSE FACING STREET AND SEMI-OPEN SPACES
THE NARROW FAÇADE TWO FACADES ARE FACING THE
OPENS INTO THE STREET,SO LIGHT & ventilation is ENTRY TO THE HOUSE IS
STREET,THREE WALLS FROM SEMI-PUBLIC
more
ARE SHARED WITH SPACE & THE BACK
ADJUSTANT PROPERTY. Privacy is decreased FAÇADE IS FACING THE
STREET.
PRIVACY IS MORE need for open space acts more as
OPEN SPACE ACTS AS socio-cultural activity than as the COMMERCIAL CAN BE
PROVIDED ON STREET
LIGHT WELL & VENT light well & vent shaft
SHAFT
SIDE.
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Spatial elements of pol house |
Otta:
- front part of the house
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which connects house to
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the street or semi-public
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open space.
- it is used for sitting , " " #
generates interaction between the neighbors.
Khadkee
- semi-private space which receives strangers & guests.
- staircase is provided in this part.
Chowk
- central open to sky space, which connects all the activities in the house.
- it serves as the light well & ventilation shaft.
Osri
- the semi-open space around chowk is known as osri.
Parsal
- semi-open passage which is used by the women for multipurpose activities
- kitchen is provided in parsal, if house is narrow
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- pooja room, paniyaru, bathroom, kitchen is provided around the chowk in
semi-open space.
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Baithak |
- the space above the otta & khadkee is
called baithak.it is used as guest room .- " "
or family room
Agasi or lobby '" " #
- semi-open or open spaces provided ,overlooking to the chowk.
Also protects the ordo from direct sunlight.
ordo
- It is used as bedroom.
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WATER TANK IS
PROVIDED UNDER
THE FLOOR OF THE
CHOWK.
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Spaces which have maximum
activity are arranged around
the open space and near to
street for more light and
ventilation.
Kitchen, paniyaru, pooja room,
bathroom are provided around
the open space.
Factors affecting arrangment
of spaces around open spaces
Width of house
Users personalization
Social& cultural forces
Size of open space
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All the service areas are provided around the open space & near to the street
because of the restrictions of material & technology.
Toilets are provided near to the street for easy services as they are provided in
later parts in most of the cases. Position of toilet depends on personal &
social factors.
Bathrooms are provided on the upper levels, near to the street or open area.
toilet
Entry to the toilet from the Approached It is provided in the khadki
otla internally from khadki
If joint family and different Most of the times when
When family is house form is at junction
users at different levels nuclear.
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Pole houses has some scale & proportions.
The ratio between the depth of house[x] and frontage[y] varies
most
X:1.5y to 3.6y
Depth[x] & height[h] ratio
X:1.5h to 1.6h
Variation in Height & frontage ratio leads to the difference in proportion of facades
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DOOR WITH SQUARE AND RECTANGULAR PANELS BREAK MONOTONY OF
THE FAÇADE
WINDOWS WERE RECCESED WITH JALI WORK FOR PRIVACY AND
CLIMATICALY IT CUTS DOWN THE INTENSE HOT WIND ENTERING THE
HOUSE.
Sill level is around
Sill level is around 1.7to2.0m allowing
1.5m from the road only one way
level.gives lower movement. gives
degree of privacy. higher degree of
Section through access Section through privacy.
street distribution street
DOOR PLACEMENT
USABLE AREA IS MORE
PRIVACY IS NOT MAINTAINED ON AXIS
GIVES MORE PRIVACY
USABLE AREA IS LESS
SPACE IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS
PRIVACY IS LESS.
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STONE & WOOD WERE BASIC MATERIAL
DUE TO AVAIBILITY OF THE MATERIAL.
WOODEN SKELETON WAS INFILLED WITH
STONE OR MUD MASONARY.
ALL FACADES WERE FINISHED WITH WOODEN
PANELS WHICH MADE THE SUPER STRUCTURE
LIGHTER.
WOODEN STRUCTURE WAS PREFERRED DUE
TO ITS WEATHER RESISTANCE AND LOW
MAINTANANCE.
LOAD BEARING
WALLS AND POST-
BEAM
CONSTRUCTION
FIRST FLOOR PLAN SPANNING IS DONE
ON NARROW SIDE
IN FRONT PART
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POST & BEAM
CONSTRUCTION 1
WITH WOODEN
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BRACKETS ARE
GROUND FLOOR PLAN USED
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