2. Why metformin and water has no sig.

difference

Metformin is considered as an oral hypoglycemic agent but it doesnt cause

clinical hypoglycemia. Therefore, it is more accurately described as an antihyperglycemic agent (Bailey et al, 1989). It has a minimal effect in the blood
glucose level in the nondiabetic state. This is shown in the graph where there was a
decrease in the blood glucose level from 0 hour to the 4 th hour. Thus, metformin
managed to maintain the glucose level of the Sprague Dawley rats below the
normal glucose level which is from 98.1-131.9 mg/dL (Otto, 2015). In a similar way,
the negative control (water) showed an initial increase of blood glucose level in the
2nd hour and a constant decrease until the 6 th hour. This shows no significant
difference between the result of metformin (positive control) and water (negative
control).

Bailey, C. J., Flatt, P. R.,& Mark, V.

(1989). Drugs Inducing Hypoglycemia.
Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Volume 42, Issue 3, 1989, Pages 361384
Otto, G. M., Franklin, C. L., & Clifford, C. B. (2015). Biology and Diseases of Rats. In
L. C. Anderson, G. Otto, K. R. Pritchett-Corning, M. T. Whary, & J. G. Fox (Eds.),
Laboratory Animal Medicine (pp. 151 - 207). American College of Laboratory
Medicine