CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

QCVN 4-3 : 2010/BYT

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

V PH GIA THC PHM - CHT TO XP
National technical regulation on Food additives - Raising agents

H NI - 2010

Li ni u
QCVN 4-3:2010/BYT do Ban son tho quy chun k thut
quc gia v Ph gia thc phm v cht h tr ch bin
bin son, Cc An ton v sinh thc phm trnh duyt v
c ban hnh theo Thng t s 20/2010/TT-BYT
ngy 20 thng 5 nm 2010 ca B trng B Y t.

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

V PH GIA THC PHM - CHT TO XP
National technical regulation on Food additives Raising agents
I. QUY NH CHUNG
1. Phm vi iu chnh
Quy chun k thut quc gia (sau y gi tt l Quy chun) ny quy nh cc yu cu
k thut v qun l v cht lng, v sinh an ton i vi cc cht to xp c s dng
vi mc ch lm ph gia thc phm.
2. i tng p dng
Quy chun ny p dng i vi:
2.1. T chc, c nhn nhp khu, xut khu, sn xut, bun bn v s dng cc
cht to xp lm ph gia thc phm (sau y gi tt l t chc, c nhn).
2.2. C quan qun l nh nc c lin quan.
3. Gii thch t ng v ch vit tt:
3.1. Cht to xp: l ph gia thc phm c s dng gii phng kh, lm
tng th tch ca bt nho thc phm.
3.2. JECFA monograph 1 - Vol. 4 (JECFA monographs 1 - Combined
compendium of food addiditive specifications; Joint FAO/WHO expert committee on
food additives; Volume 4 - Analytical methods, test procedures and laboratory
solutions used by and referenced in the food additive specifications; FAO, 2006): Cc
yu cu k thut i vi ph gia thc phm, Tp 4 Cc phng php phn tch, quy
trnh th nghim, dung dch th nghim c s dng (hoc tham chiu) trong yu
cu k thut i vi ph gia thc phm; JECFA bin son; FAO ban hnh nm 2006.
3.3. M s C.A.S (Chemical Abstracts Service): M s ng k ha cht ca
Hip hi Ha cht Hoa K.
3.4. TS (test solution): Dung dch thuc th.
3.5. ADI (Acceptable daily intake): Lng n vo hng ngy chp nhn c.
3.6. PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake): Lng n vo hng tun tm
thi chu ng c
3.7. INS (International numbering system): H thng m s quc t v ph gia
thc phm.
II. YU CU K THUT, PHNG PHP TH V LY MU
1. Yu cu k thut v phng php th i vi cc cht to xp c quy
nh ti cc ph lc ban hnh km theo Quy chun ny nh sau:

1.1. Ph lc 1: Yu cu k thut v phng php th i vi natri carbonat.

1.2. Ph lc 2: Yu cu k thut v phng php th i vi amoni carbonat.
2. Cc yu cu k thut quy nh trong Quy chun ny c th theo JECFA
monograph 1 - Vol. 4, ngoi tr mt s php th ring c m t trong cc ph lc.
Cc phng php th c hng dn trong Quy chun ny khng bt buc phi
p dng, c th s dng cc phng php th khc tng ng.
3. Ly mu theo hng dn ti Thng t 16/2009/TT-BKHCN ngy 02 thng 6
nm 2009 ca B Khoa hc v Cng ngh v hng dn kim tra nh nc v cht
lng hng ha lu thng trn th trng v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin
quan.
III. YU CU QUN L
1. Cng b hp quy
1.1. Cc cht to xp phi c cng b ph hp vi cc quy nh ti Quy
chun ny.
1.2. Phng thc, trnh t, th tc cng b hp quy c thc hin theo Quy
nh v chng nhn hp chun, chng nhn hp quy v cng b hp chun, cng
b hp quy ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 24/2007/Q-BKHCN ngy 28 thng 9
nm 2007 ca B trng B Khoa hc v Cng ngh v cc quy nh ca php lut.
2. Kim tra i vi cht to xp
Vic kim tra cht lng, v sinh an ton i vi cc cht to xp phi thc
hin theo cc quy nh ca php lut.
IV. TRCH NHIM CA T CHC, C NHN
1. T chc, c nhn phi cng b hp quy ph hp vi cc quy nh k
thut ti Quy chun ny, ng k bn cng b hp quy ti Cc An ton v sinh thc
phm v bo m cht lng, v sinh an ton theo ng ni dung cng b.
2. T chc, c nhn ch c nhp khu, xut khu, sn xut, bun bn v s dng
cc cht to xp sau khi hon tt ng k bn cng b hp quy v bo m cht lng,
v sinh an ton, ghi nhn ph hp vi cc quy nh ca php lut.
V. T CHC THC HIN
1. Giao Cc An ton v sinh thc phm ch tr, phi hp vi cc c quan chc
nng c lin quan hng dn trin khai v t chc vic thc hin Quy chun ny.
2. Cn c vo yu cu qun l, Cc An ton v sinh thc phm c trch nhim
kin ngh B Y t sa i, b sung Quy chun ny.

3. Trng hp hng dn ca quc t v phng php th v cc quy nh

ca php lut vin dn trong Quy chun ny c sa i, b sung hoc thay th th
p dng theo vn bn mi.
.

Ph lc 1
YU CU K THUT V PHNG PHP TH I VI NATRI CARBONAT
1. Tn khc, ch s

Sodium carbonate; tro soa

INS 500(i)
ADI khng gii hn

2. nh ngha
Tn ha hc

Natri carbonat, mui natri ca acid carbonic

M s C.A.S.

497-19-8

Cng thc ha hc

Dng khan: Na2CO3

Dng ngm nc: Na2CO3.xH2O

Khi lng phn t

106,00 (dng khan)

3. Cm quan

Tinh th khng mu hoc mu trng, dng ht hoc dng

bt tinh th; dng khan d ht nc; dng ngm nc
thng gp l monohydrat v decahydrat. Dng
decahydrat d ln hoa.

4. Chc nng

Cht kim ha, cht to xp

5. Yu cu k thut
5.1. nh tnh
tan

D tan trong nc, khng tan trong ethanol.

Natri

Phi c phn ng c trng ca natri

Carbonat

Phi c phn ng c trng ca carbonat

5.2. tinh khit

Ch

Dng khan: Khng c qu 2,0%

Dng monohydrat: Khng c qu 15,0%
Dng decahydrat: 55,0-65,0%
Khng c qu 2,0 mg/kg.

5.3. Hm lng Na2CO3

Khng c thp hn 99,0% tnh theo ch phm kh

Gim khi lng khi sy

kh

6. Phng php th
6.1. tinh khit
Gim khi lng khi sy
kh
Ch

i vi tt c cc dng, u tin t mu n 70oC, sau

nng dn nhit , cui cng sy 250-300oC n khi
lng khng i.
- Th theo JECFA monograph 1 - Vol.4.
- Xc nh bng k thut hp th nguyn t thch hp vi
hm lng qui nh. La chn c mu th v phng
php chun b mu da trn nguyn tc ca phng php
m t ti JECFA monograph 1 - Vol.4 phn cc phng

php phn tch cng c.

6.2. nh lng

Cn khong 2 g mu th sy kh, chnh xc n mg,

ha tan k trong 50 ml acid sulfuric 1N, thm ch th l dung
dch da cam methyl (TS) v chun acid d bng dung
dch natri hydroxyd 1 N.
Mi ml acid sulfuric 1 N tng ng vi 53,0 mg Na2CO3.

Ph lc 2
YU CU K THUT V PHNG PHP TH I VI AMONI CARBONAT
1. Tn khc, ch s

INS 503(i)
ADI khng gii hn

2. nh ngha

Bao gm: Amoni carbonat, amoni carbamat, amoni

hydrogen carbonat vi cc t l khc nhau

M s C.A.S.

10361-29-2

Cng thc ha hc

CH6N2O2
CH8N2O3
CH5NO3

Cng thc cu trc

NH2COONH4
(NH4)2CO3
NH4HCO3

Khi lng phn t

Amoni carbamat 78,06

Amoni carbonat 98,73
Amoni hydrogen carbonat 79,06

3. Cm quan

Bt hoc dng rn mu trng, khi tinh th mu trng hoc

trong c mi amoniac. Khi ngoi khng kh s b c dn
v chuyn thnh dng cc xp hoc dng bt (amoni
bicarbonat) do b mt amoni v carbon dioxyd.

4. Chc nng

Cht to xp, cht iu chnh acid.

5. Yu cu k thut
5.1. nh tnh
tan

Tan trong nc

pH

Khong 8,6 ( dung dch 1trong 20).

Carbonat

Phi c phn ng c trng ca carbonat

Amoni

Phi c phn ng c trng ca amoni

Th nhit

Khi b t nng, mu th c sinh kh m khng b than ha,

kh bay ra c tnh kim khi th bng giy qu t.

5.2. tinh khit

Cn khng bay hi

Khng c qu 500,0 mg/kg.

Clorid

Khng c qu 30,0 mg/kg.

Sulfat

Khng c qu 50,0 mg/kg.

Ch

Khng c qu 2,0 mg/kg.

5.3. Hm lng NH3

Khng c thp hn 30,0% v khng c qu 34,0%

NH3

6. Phng php th
6.1. tinh khit
Cn khng bay hi

- Th theo JECFA monograph 1 - Vol.4.

- S dng 4 g mu th trong 10 ml nc.

Clorid

Ho tan 500 mg mu th trong 10 ml nc nng, thm

khong 5 mg natri carbonat, lm kh trn b cch thu.
Th cn thu c nh hng dn trong chuyn lun th
gii hn clorid. c ca dung dch thu c khng qu
c ca dung dch khi tin hnh nh trn i vi mu
-

chng c cha 15 g ion clorid (Cl ).

Sulfat

Ho tan 4 g mu th trong 40 ml nc. Thm 10 mg natri

carbonat v 1ml hydrogen peroxyd 30% v lm kh trn b
cch thu. X l cn thu c theo hng dn trong
chuyn lun th gii hn sulfat. c ca dung dch thu
c khng qu c ca dung dch khi tin hnh nh
2-

trn i vi mu chng c cha 200 g ion sulfat (SO4 ).

Ch

- Th theo JECFA monograph 1 - Vol.4.

- Xc nh bng k thut hp th nguyn t thch hp vi
hm lng qui nh. La chn c mu th v phng
php chun b mu da trn nguyn tc ca phng php
m t ti JECFA monograph 1 - Vol.4 phn cc phng
php phn tch cng c.

6.2. nh lng

Ly 10 ml nc vo mt cc. Tin hnh cn b (cc v

nc). Thm vo cc 2 g mu th (cn chnh xc n
0,1 mg). Chuyn ton b hn hp trong cc vo mt bnh
nn 250 ml. Thm t t, va thm va lc 50 ml acid
sulfuric 1N. Sau khi dung dch phn ng xong, trng ra
thnh bnh, thm ch th l dung dch da cam methyl (TS) v
chun acid d bng dung dch natri hydroxyd 1N.
Mi ml acid sulfuric 1N tng ng vi 17,03 mg NH3.