PROST PTOMN AS

(PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE)

Tento anglick gramatick as se pouv pro:
1. vyjden dje, kter se pravideln v ptomnosti opakuje - tehdy se ve vt asto objevuje
bu frekvenn pslovce NEVER, SELDOM, SOMETIMES, OFTEN, USUALLY, ALWAYS,
nebo uren asu jako napklad:
- every morning, afternoon, evening, day, night,
- every week, month, year
- every Monday, every January, every summer
- in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night, at noon
- at six o clock, ....
2. vyjden veobecn platn skutenosti, trvalho stavu nebo postoje:
- Slunce vychz na vchod.
- Jablka rostou na strom.
- Petr bydl v Brn....
- Marie m rda djepis.
3. vyjden dje, kterm oznaujeme charakteristickou vlastnost nebo dovednost podmtu:
- Hovo plynn anglicky. He speaks English fluently.
4. u sloves:
- smyslovho vnmn - SEE, HEAR, SMELL, TASTE, FEEL
- uritch duevnch pochod - KNOW, UNDERSTAND, THINK, FORGET, BELIEVE,
NOTICE, REMEMBER, MEAN, SUPPOSE, REALIZE, ADMIT, SEEM, HOPE
- citovch vztah - CARE, WISH, WANT, LIKE, LOVE, FORGIVE, HATE, PREFER
vyjadujeme prostm ptomnm asem i prv probhajc dj, protoe tato slovesa ve
svm veobecnm vznamu nemaj prbhov as!

OZNAMOVAC ZPSOB
Prost ptomn as vznamovch sloves se rovn neuritku slovesa, ale bez stice
TO. Jedin rozdl je ve 3. osob jednotnho sla, kter m koncovku -S nebo -ES. Pro tuto
koncovku plat stejn pravidla jako pro mnon slo podstatnch jmen:
to cut
to wash
to buy
to study
to make

he cuts
he washes
he buys
he studies
he makes

[-s]
[-iz]
[-z]
[-iz]
[-s]

Vjimky v pravopisu a vslovnosti

dlat:
chodit:
mluvit:

to do
to go
to say

he does
he goes
he says

[daz]
[gc
cuz]
[sez]

- I read every day.

- You read every day.
- He, she, it reads every day.
- We read every day.
- You read every day.
- They read every day.

ZPOR
Zpor prostho ptomnho asu vznamovch sloves se tvo pomocnm slovesem DO
(pro 3. osobu jednotnho sla DOES) a zporkou NOT. Meme pouvat i zkrcen tvar
DONT, DOESNT. Vznamov sloveso m ve vech osobch tvar neuritku, i u 3. osoby
jednotnho sla zmiz koncovka -S, -ES.
- I do not (dont) go there every day.
- You do not (dont) go there every day.
- He does not (doesnt) go there every day.
- We do not (dont) go there every day.
- You do not (dont) go there every day.
- They do not (dont) go there every day.
- I dont go to school at eight.
- He doesnt walk to work.
- We dont drink milk every day.

POZNMKA:
Anglick vta me mt pouze jeden zpor. Kdy je ve vt zporn zjmeno (NOBODY,
NOTHING, NOWHERE, NEVER, ...), odpad DONT, DOESNT a sloveso zstv jako v kladn
oznamovac vt:
- I never go there.
- He never helps me.
- My parents never go to the theatre.

OTZKA
Tzac vta prostho ptomnho asu vznamovch sloves se tvo pomocnm slovesem
DO, kter se klade ped podmt oznamovac vty. Ve 3. osob jednotnho sla m tvar DOES.
Vznamov sloveso je vdy - ve vech osobch v neuritku, tedy ani 3. osoba jednotnho
sla nem u vznamovho slovesa koncovku -S, -ES.
- Do I read every day?
- Do you read every day?
- Does he read every day?
- Do we read every day?
- Do you read every day?
- Do they read every day?
Kdy je v otzce tak tzac zjmeno, stoj pln na zatku vty:
- WHAT do you usually read?
- WHY do you read every day?
- WHERE do you read at night?

KRTK ODPOV
V krtk odpovdi pouvme pro jakkoliv vznamov sloveso pomocn sloveso DO,
DOES a osobn zjmeno odpovdajc podmtu otzky. Kladn krtk odpov je vdy v plnm
tvaru, zporn vdy ve zkrcenm tvaru.
Yes, I do.
Yes, he does.
Yes, they do.

No, I dont.
No, he doesnt.
No, they dont.