Name: ___________________________________________________________

____________________
Human Anatomy and Physiology (Gr. 11-12)
Abdomen

Date:

Unit: Digestive System and

SWBAT:
I.
Identify the muscles of the abdominal wall and explain the functions of these
muscles
II.
Identify the boundaries and contents of the abdominal cavity
III.
Explain the function of the organs of the abdominal cavity
IV.
Explain the physiological mechanisms of digestion
V.
Make connections between the components of the digestive, nervous and
circulatory systems
Standards:
CO.HS.2.5
CO.HS.2.6
Instructions: Make sure you have all 5 pages and write your name on each page.
The following exam is worth 80 points. Each section has point values provided.
There are two essay questions for which time suggestions have been provided. Take
your time and good luck!
Multiple Choice (1 point each): Read each question carefully and determine the
correct response. Please write the letter corresponding to the correct answer next to
the question. If it is unclear which answer you have chosen you will not receive
credit.
1. The cranial nerve innervation of the gastrointestinal tract is: (V)
A. Cranial X
B. Cranial V
C. Cranial III
D. Cranial VII
2. What is the inferior boundary of the abdominopelvic cavity? (II)
A. Respiratory diaphragm
B. Iliac crest
C. Pelvic inlet
D. Pelvic diaphragm
3. Which blood vessel supplies the liver with its oxygenated blood? (V)
A. Hepatic portal vein
B. Common hepatic artery
C. Inferior mesenteric artery
D. Inferior vena cava
4. In addition to the gastrointestinal system, which system has ORGANS in the
abdominal cavity? (II)
A. Urinary
B. Circulatory
C. Reproductive
D. Integumentary

Name: ___________________________________________________________
____________________

Date:

Continue to the next page...

5. Peritoneum is what tissue type? (II)
A. Epithelial tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Connective tissue
D. Muscle tissue
6. Which of the following represents nutrient absorption as food moves through
each anatomical section of the small intestine? (IV)

A.

B.

C.

D.

Name: ___________________________________________________________
____________________

Date:

Continue to the next page

True/False (1 point each): For each statement, determine if it is true or false.
CLEARLY write T or F in the blank. If it is unclear whether or not you wrote T or F
you will not receive credit.
7. __________ Large intestine and colon are synonymous. (II)
8. __________ The molecule that brings glucose into an enterocyte directly
requires ATP for __________.energy. (IV)
9. __________ Primary innervation of the gastrointestinal system is autonomic.
(V)
10.__________The hepatic portal system uses valves to prevent backflow of blood.
(V)
11.__________ The arteries that supply blood to the gastrointestinal system are
unpaired. (V)
Matching (2 points each): Clearly write the letter of the answer in the blank next
to the question. If it is unclear which answer you have chosen you will not receive
credit.
12 18. Match each enzyme with its product. Each answer may be used more than
once or not at all. (V)
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.

_____ Glucose & Galactose

_____ Glucose & Fructose
_____ Glucose & Glucose
_____ Fatty acids
_____Maltose
_____Amino Acids
_____Glycerol

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.

Maltase
Amylase
Sucrase
Lactase
Lipase
Peptidase

19.

Name: ___________________________________________________________
____________________

Date:

35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.Continue to the next page
41.19 28. Match the digestive organ with the name or statement. Each answer
may be used more than once or not at all. (III & IV)
42.
43.

44.
45._____ Produces amylase
46. _____ Esophagus
47. _____ Has a function of blood detoxification
48. _____ Sigmoid colon
49. _____ Gallbladder
50. _____ Produces bile
51._____ Appendix
52. _____ Pancreas
53. _____ Is composed of both smooth and skeletal muscle

Name: ___________________________________________________________
____________________

Date:

54. _____ Ends at the pyloric sphincter

55.
56.
57.
58.Continue to next page

59.Short Answer (2 points each): Answer each question or fill in the blank.
One word or phrase is sufficient
60.
61.What is the name of serous layer that surrounds the gastrointestinal system
and attaches directly to the abdominal wall? (II)
62.
63.
64.
65.The opening in the respiratory diaphragm through which the esophagus
emerges into the abdominal cavity is called the _________________. (II)
66.
67.The purpose of the endocrine pancreas is to secrete the hormone
_________________.(III)
68.
69.
70. What is the first phase of digestion? (IV)
71.
72.
73.
74. What is the superior boundary of the abdominal wall? (II)
75.
76.
77.
78.Essay (15 points each): Answer the following questions on the provided
separate piece of paper. Make sure to write your name on this piece of paper.
79.
80.
Approximately 65% of the human population has a decreased ability
to digest lactose. In a well-formulated paragraph or two discuss the following:
(IV) (15 minutes)
Is it accurate to refer to lactose intolerance as an allergy? Why or why
not?
Explain how lactose is digested. Be specific and detailed. Include the
products of digestion and the destination of these products.
What are the symptoms of lactose intolerance and what causes these
symptoms.
81.
82. Discussion of the abdominal wall. (I) (15 minutes)
List the 4 abdominal wall muscles.
In a well-formulated paragraph, describe AT LEAST two functions of the
abdominal wall and provide two examples of how the muscles of the
abdominal wall contribute to these functions.
83.

84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.

91.
92.
exam! Good job!

This is the end of the

93.
Unit: Digestive System and Abdomen - KEY
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. F
8. F
9. T
10.F
11.T
12.D
13.C
14.A
15.E
16.B
17.F
18.E
19.D
20.A
21.K
22.F
23.J
24.K
25.H
26.D
27.A
28.C
29.Parietal peritoneum
30.Esophageal hiatus
31.Insulin
32.Cephalic
33.Xiphoid process
34. Lactose essay MUST include
Allergies refer to an immune response. Because lactose is digested via an
enzyme (a protein) the issue is a genetic mutation.
Lactose is a disaccharide that is broken down into a molecule of glucose
and galactose. Glucose is taken up into the intestinal epithelial cell.
Galactose is excreted in the solid waste.
Symptoms include abdominal pain and excess flatulence. This is caused
because of the acidic waste and gaseous waste produced by the intestinal
bacterial consuming the lactose when a person cannot.
94.
35. Abdominal wall essay

95.

96.

Rectus abdominus, external abdominal obliques, internal abdominal

obliques, transversus abdominus
Functions of the abdominal wall
o Move the trunk
o Protect the abdominal viscera
o Increase abdominal pressure for coughing, sneezing, defecation,
forced breathing
Evidence examples:
o External abdominal obliques rotate trunk
o Transversus abdominus contracts and increases abdominal pressure
Boyles law (P1V1= P2V2)
o Rectus abdominus flexes trunk and laterally flexes trunk