GEAR TOOTH MEASUREMENT

Aim:
To find the chordal thickness of a gear by using a gear tooth Vernier caliper and
measuring with optical profile projector.
Apparatus required:
Gear tooth Vernier, specimen gear, profile projector
Formulae used:
(i)

m = OD/(N+2)

(ii)

d =(N x M )/2 x (1+(2/N)-COS(90/N))

(iii)

W = N x m x Sin(90/N)

(iv)

% of error = Actual thickness theoretical thickness x 100

Theoretical thickness
Where m Module of the gear
OD Outer diameter of the gear
d Chordal diameter
N Number of teeth

Procedure:

Count the total number of teeth in the given gear and denote it as N.

Measure outside diameter of gear and denote it as OD.

Calculate the module(m) of the gear by the following:

m = OD/(N+2)

Compute the chordal addendum (d) by the following:

Nm 2
90
1 cos
2 N
N

Set the chordal addendum in the vertical scale of the gear tooth Vernier.

Measure the chordal thickness of the gear at three points in the same tooth and find the
average.

Repeat step 6 for at least on ten different teeth and find the average thickness and this
the average actual thickness of the tooth.

Compute the theoretical tooth thickness(W) by using the following:

W = N*m* Sin(90/N)

Compare the actual thickness with the theoretical thickness.

Repeat the procedure for another gear.

Place the smaller gear on the profile projector and measure the tooth thickness.

Find the percentage of error between both readings.

Table :
Chordal tooth width at 3
point

Sl.
No

W1

W2

Gear tooth
average
thickness
(in mm)

W3

Gear tooth
thickness from
profile
projector
(in mm)

% of error
Gear
tooth
Vernier

Profile
projector

Model Calculation:
N=
OD =
Module m = OD/ (N+2)
Chordal addendum d =(N*m)/2 * (1+(2/N)-COS(90/N))
d=
Theoretical tooth thickness W = N*m* Sin(90/N)
W=
For Reading No :
W1 =
W2 =
W3 =
Average thickness = (W1 + W2 + W3 ) / 3
Gear Tooth Thickness from Profile Projector =
% of error for Gear tooth Vernier =
% of error for Profile Projector =

Result:
Thus the chordal thickness and addendum of gear are measured using gear tooth
Vernier.
The actual values are W
D

Gear Tooth Thickness from Profile Projector =

% of error for Gear tooth Vernier =
% of error for Profile Projector =