Porifera

Cnideria

Platyhelminthes

Nematoda

Annelida

Mollusca

Arthropoda

Echinodermata

Chordata

Example

Sponges

Jellyfish

Flatworms

Roundworms

Segmented worms

Squid

Grasshopper

Sea urchins, starfish

Fish, Frog

Levels of organization

Cells

Tissues

organ system

organ system

organ system

organ system

organ system

organ system

organ system

Germ Layers

none

2 layers

3 layers

3 layers

3 layers

3 layers

3 layers

3 layers

3 layers

Symmetry

none

Radial

Bilateral

Bilateral

Bilateral

Bilateral

Bilateral

Radial

Bilateral

Cephalization

none

none

limited

yes

yes

yes

yes

none

yes

Body Cavity

none

none

none

Pseudocoel

Coelom

Coelom

Coelom

Coelom

Coelom

Segmenation

none

none

none

none

yes

none

yes

none

yes

Digestive system

intracellular

gastrovascular cavity

gastrovascular cavity

separate mouth and anus

separate mouth and anus

separate mouth and anus

separate mouth and anus

separate mouth and anus

separate mouth and anus

Circulatory system

none

none

none

none

closed

open

open

none

closed

Respiratory system

none

none

none

none

none

gills, lungs

gills, lungs

gills

gills, lungs

Excretory system

none

none

canals with ciliated cells

excretory gland cells

nephridia

nephridia

nephridia

none

kidneys

Nervous system

none

nerve net

ganglia

ganglia

ganglia

ganglia

ganglia

nerve ring

nerve cord protcted by vertebrae

Reproduction

asexual

asexual ans sexual

asexual and sexual

asexual and sexual

asexual and sexual

sexual

sexual

sexual

sexual

Support (skeleton)

endoskeleton of spicules

hydrostatic skeleton

none

hydrostatic skeleton

hydrostatic skeleton

only a backbone

exoskeleton

shell made of calcium carbonate

full skeleton