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    Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

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    Jerene
    Diabetes mellitus is caused by either a lack of insulin production (Type 1) or insulin resistance (Type 2). Predisposing factors include obesity, genetics, age over 45, certain races and genders. Precipitating factors that can trigger diabetes include hypertension, diet, occupation, sedentary lifestyle, and stress. Over time, high blood glucose can lead to damage of small blood vessels (microvascular disease) affecting the eyes, kidneys, and nerves, and damage of large blood vessels (macrovascular disease) increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

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    Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

    Uploaded by

    Jerene
    1K views2 pages
    Diabetes mellitus is caused by either a lack of insulin production (Type 1) or insulin resistance (Type 2). Predisposing factors include obesity, genetics, age over 45, certain races and genders. Precipitating factors that can trigger diabetes include hypertension, diet, occupation, sedentary lifestyle, and stress. Over time, high blood glucose can lead to damage of small blood vessels (microvascular disease) affecting the eyes, kidneys, and nerves, and damage of large blood vessels (macrovascular disease) increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

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    Diabetes mellitus is caused by either a lack of insulin production (Type 1) or insulin resistance (Type 2). Predisposing factors include obesity, genetics, age over 45, certain races and genders. Precipitating factors that can trigger diabetes include hypertension, diet, occupation, sedentary lifestyle, and stress. Over time, high blood glucose can lead to damage of small blood vessels (microvascular disease) affecting the eyes, kidneys, and nerves, and damage of large blood vessels (macrovascular disease) increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

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    1K views2 pages

    Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus

    Uploaded by

    Jerene
    Diabetes mellitus is caused by either a lack of insulin production (Type 1) or insulin resistance (Type 2). Predisposing factors include obesity, genetics, age over 45, certain races and genders. Precipitating factors that can trigger diabetes include hypertension, diet, occupation, sedentary lifestyle, and stress. Over time, high blood glucose can lead to damage of small blood vessels (microvascular disease) affecting the eyes, kidneys, and nerves, and damage of large blood vessels (macrovascular disease) increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

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    of 2

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DIABETES MELLITUS

    PREDISPOSING FACTOR

    ETIOLOGY: UNKNOWN

    PRECIPITATING FACTOR
    -Obesity

    -Genetics
    -Age>45 years old
    -Race: Caucasians, African
    American
    -Gender

    -Hypertension
    -Diet
    -Occupation
    -Sedentary Lifestyle
    -Stress, Trauma, Surgery

    MACROVASCULAR

    MICROVASCULAR
    BLOOD VESSEL WALLA
    THICKENBLOOD
    SCLEROSE
    INCREASED
    GLUCOSE LEVEL (HYPERGYCEMIA)
    EYES- Blurring of Vision->Blindness
    AND OCCLUDED BY PLAQUE
    (DIABETIC RETINOPATHY)

    KI

    KIDNEY- Decrease Kidney Function


    Coronary Artery Disease
    -Microalbuminuria
    HYPOTHALAMUS
    SIGNALS
    Cerebrovascular
    Disease TO STIMULATE PANCREAS TO RELEASE
    KETONE BODIES
    -Anemia, thirst,ACTIVATION
    Fatigue, OF
    INSULIN
    Peripheral Vascular Disease
    FORMATION
    Frequent UTI
    >Diminished
    Peripheral
    RAAS
    ACETONE BREATH
    Pulses
    -(DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY)
    >Intermittent
    KETONURIAClaudication
    NERVES- Paresthesia, Absent
    Reflexes,
    WATER
    AND IN
    DIABETIC
    INCREASE
    PRESSURE
    pain, weakness, numbness
    andWALLS
    loss of
    SODIUM
    KUSSMAULS
    BLOOD VESSEL

    DECREASE INSULIN (NOT


    ENOUGH OR INSULIN
    RESISTANCE) TYPE 2

    NO INSULIN PRODUCEDAUTOIMMUNE DAMAGE OF


    THE PANCREAS- TYPE 1

    FURTHER INCREASE IN BLOOD


    SUGAR

    OSMOTIC
    DIURESIS

    wt.

    POLYU

    Potassium

    GLUCOSUR

    SLUGGISH CIRCULATION OF
    BLOOD

    LOSS

    CELLULAR
    DHN
    THIRST
    MECHANISM
    POLYDIPS
    IA

    CELLULAR
    STARVATION

    POLYPHAG

    INCREASE VISCOSITY OF
    BLOOD

    DECREASE OXYGEN SUPPLY TO


    VITAL ORGANS OF THE BODY
    LIPOLYSIS
    (FATS)

    KIDNEY

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