Accommodations

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Dayanna Willis
SPU 314, Fall 2013
Dr.Christopher Bloh

Table of Contents
Intellectual Disability (MR/ID)

Specific Learning Disability (SLD)

Dyslexia

Dysgraphia

Dyscalculia

Emotional/Behavioral Disorder (EBD)

EBD cont.
Physical Disability (PD)
PD cont.

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Visual Impairment (VI)

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Credits

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Intellectual Disability
Definition
means significantly sub average general intellectual
functioning, existing concurrently [at the same time]
with deficits in adaptive
behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a
childs educational performance.
Characteristics
1. Short attention span
2. Cognitive deficits
3. Language deficits
4. Academic deficits
5. Social-emotional deficits
Accommodations
1. Reduced or modified assignments
2. Giving copies of teachers lecture notes
3. Instructions/directions given in different channels (written, spoken, demonstration)
4. Credit for class participation, effort and attendance
5. Pair with a buddy of his or her choice to learn social behaviors

Specific Learning
Disability
Definition
Specific learning disability means a disorder in
one or more of the basic
psychological processes
involved in understanding
or in using language, spoken or written, that may
manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read,
write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations.
The term includes such conditions as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction,
dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. The term does
not include learning problems that are primarily the
result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities; of
intellectual disability; of emotional disturbance;
or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage.

Dyslexia
Definition
Dyslexia is a lifelong language-based processing
disorder that can hinder reading, writing, spelling
and sometimes even speaking.
Characteristics
1. Memory difficulties
2. Perceptual differences
Accommodations
1. Pre-teach vocabulary
2. Breaking tasks into smaller steps

Dysgraphia
Definition
Dysgraphia is a learning disability that affects
writing, which requires a complex set of motor
and information processing skills.
Characteristics
1. Motor skill or coordination problems
2. Attention deficits and/or hyperactivity

Accommodations
1. Use a computer with specialized software that
spell checks, grammar checks, or recognizes
speech.
2. Allow an alternative test environment that
eliminates distractions

Dyscalculia
Definition
Dyscalculia is a term referring to a wide range of
life-long learning disabilities involving math.
Characteristics
1. Academic deficits
2. Language deficits
Accommodations
1. Calculator (regular or speaking)
2. Explain ideas and problems clearly and encourage
students to ask questions as they work

Emotional/ Behavioral
Disorder
Definition
Emotional/Behavioral disorder means a condition exhibiting one or more of the
following characteristics
over a long period of time
and to a marked degree that
adversely affects a childs
educational performance:
(a) An inability to learn that cannot be explained
by intellectual, sensory, or health factors.
(b) An inability to build or maintain satisfactory
interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers.
(c) Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances.
(d) A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression.
(e) A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears
associated with personal or school problems.
The term includes schizophrenia. The term does not
apply to children who are socially maladjusted, unless it is determined that they have an emotional
disturbance.

Emotional/ Behavioral
Disorder cont.
Characteristics
1. Social problems
2. Academic deficits
3. Hyperactivity/distractibility
4. Mood swings
5. Aggressive/acting out behaviors
Accommodations
1. Peer tutoring for social interaction
2. Alternative response format
3. Set clear rules and expectations visual stimulating material
4. Establish a quiet cool off area if moods are
disruptive
5. Develop a cue word for the child to note inappropriate behavior

Physical Disability
Definition
Physical disability
means a severe orthopedic impairment that
adversely affects a
childs educational
performance. The term
includes impairments
caused by a congenital anomaly, impairments caused
by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis), and impairments from other causes
(e.g.,cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or
burns that cause contractures).
Characteristics
1. May have limited mobility
2. May have difficulty with writing if upper extremities are involved
3. May have speech difficulties
4. May have limited social interaction
5. May have limited ability to perform activities
of daily living
Accommodations
1. Give assistance only if the student asks for it
2. Allow student to use a scribe or computer for
exams

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Physical Disability
cont.
3. Provide all assignments in oral and written
format and be available for further clarification.
4. Incorporate a means by that the student can
participate in group activities
5. Allow students to alternate activities in sitting, standing, and walking

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Visual Impairment
Definition
Visual impairment
means an impairment
in vision that, even
with correction, adversely affects a
childs educational
performance. The term
includes both partial
sight and blindness.
Characteristics
1. May have limited social skills
2. Unsure in new situations
3. Inability to utilize visuals such as films,
graphs, demonstrations, and written materials
4. May have academic deficits
5. Difficulty in taking traditional paper and
pencil tests
Accommodations
1. Have student sit next to person of choice
2. Be present for student to ask for clarity
3. Brailler
4. Alternative grading scale
5. Tape record a detailed course outline and syllabus

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Credits
Definitions
http://nichcy.org/disability/categories
http://www.ncld.org/types-learning-disabilities
Characteristics
http://akuehnel3.tripod.com/index.html
http://www.spcollege.edu/central/hr/
accommodations_manual.htm#motor
Accommodations
http://akuehnel3.tripod.com/index.html
http://www.spcollege.edu/central/hr/
accommodations_manual.htm#motor
http://nichcy.org/schoolage/accommodations
http://www.achildwithneeds.com/

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