Annotated Bibliography

[1] Into The Wild. Dir. Sean Penn. Perf. Emile Hirsch, Marcia Gay Harden, William Hurt,
Jena Malone, Catherine Keener, Vince Vaughn, Kristen Stewart, and Hal Holbrook.
Paramount Home Entertainment, 2007. DVD.
Director Sean Penn, two time academy award winner, films a movie about a young man named
Chris McCandless played by Emile Hirsch. In this film Chris plays a young man who is
searching to find true happiness by ditching all materialistic items and heading off into the wild.
This source was used to as a basis for my research on how parents affect their children. Chris
was a heavily protected child with not much freedom and felt as if he was trapped by society.
This source was used as a primary source in my essay. All of my research was completed in
order to determine what may have possessed Chris McCandless to want to abandon his family
and set off on this crazy adventure.
Reflection:
Into the Wild is a film about Chris McCandless, an adventurer on a mission to break free from
societal bounds. I used this source in order to determine the effects that Chriss parents may
have had on him and his decision making process.
[2] Baumrind, Diana. Effects of Authoritative Parental Control on Child Behavior. Child
Development 37.4 (1966): 887907. Web...
Diana Baumrind is a developmental and clinical phycologists that wrote Effects of Authoritative
Parental Control on Child Behavior while teaching at the University of California, Berkeley. This
informative article communicates to its readers how a childs authority figure or parents will
affect the development of a child.
This source was used as secondary source: When writing my research paper I used this article
in order to refer back to the early stages of a childs life.
Reflection:
This source was used in order to reflect upon the different types of parenting as well as how the
actions of parents affect an infant child. The reason I used this is to determine if peoples early
life experience affect their future happiness or self-worth. By examining the different types of
parenting I was able to determine what type of parents Chriss were and I am able to determine
why Chris may have felt the way he did.

[3] Krakauer, Jon. Into the Wild. New York: Anchor, 1997. Print.
Jon Krakauer wrote the book Into the Wild, the book that the movie written by Sean Penn was
based off of. The similar connections to the movie are a good way to compare and contrast the

differences between the two. This makes it an even better chance of determining the effects
done to Chris. However, the book may have been more of an accurate comparison to Chriss
life, because movies may be modified to add events to make the movie more interesting.
This book was used as a book source to my research: It is important to reflect on the book
because the book may be more easily understood than the movie.
Reflection:
In the book the same story plot is portrayed as the movie. The character in the book is still Chris
McCandless and he still goes into the wild. However, the book goes into more detail that one
may not have caught while watching the movie, or may not have been in the movie. Chriss
parents in the book are the same strict parents and allows another point of view on them
[4] Hofferth, Sandra, and John Sandberg. "Journal of Marriage and FamilyVolume 63,
Issue 2, Article First Published Online: 2 MAR 2004." How American Children
Spend Their Time. Web. 30 Nov. 2015.
In Journals of Marriage and Family relates to the affects an entire family may have on kids.
The only thing I used this article for was to reflect on and compare with the other websites.

[5] "What's Wrong with Strict Parenting?" Strict Parenting Actually Creates Behavior
Problems in Children. Here's Why. Web. 10 Dec. 2015.
In the article Whats wrong with strict parenting the most helpful information for my paper was
received. This website laid out point by point on why restricting kids would be harmful to their
future.
This article was used as a secondary source: the source outlines why and how the effects of
strict parenting has on child development.
Reflection:
I used this article in my paper in order to compare the facts of strict parenting the events that
happened to Chris which may have led to his trip.
[6] Azar, Beth. "How Do Parents Matter? Let Us Count the Ways." American Psychology
Association. 1 July 2000. Web. 30 Nov. 2015.
Beth Azar is a social psychologist with more than twenty years of experience. As a graduate of
New York University, Beth Azar has written many articles on hum behavior due to the
psychological effect of the brain. I used in my research one of her articles called How do
parents Matter? in this article she counters another article that describes how parents dont
matter.

This Article was used as a secondary source: Beth Azar uses psychological aspects of the brain
in order to compare her ideals on Chriss behavior.