barnas holil

0812 21 6996 1 / 0818 20 4321

e-mail: barnas@chem.itb.ac.id / barnasholil@yahoo.com

Gas Ideal

Gas Nyata

Sifat gas ideal:

antaraksi antar molekul gas diabaikan
volume molekul gas diabaikan

1. Boyle

V~

1
P

(n & T tetap)

2. Charles & Gay Lussac

V~T

(n & P tetap)

Sifat gas nyata:

antaraksi antar molekul gas tidak dapat diabaikan
volume molekul gas tidak dapat diabaikan
pada tekanan rendah (P0), semua gas nyata bersifat
ideal
penyimpangan dari keadaan ideal dinayatakan oleh faktor
PV
daya mampat, Z, dengan Z =
RT
Z=1
gas ideal
Z1
gas nyata

3. Avogadro

V~n

(T & P tetap)

Persamaan van der Waals

P = Pt = P i

(V & T tetap)

Hukum-hukum gas ideal

4. Dalton

the measured
pressure

the measured
volume

Pi = xi.P
5. Amagat

V = Vt = P i

(P & T tetap)

Vi = xi.V
6. Graham

v=r=~

v2
=
v1

1
=
2

n 2a
Pmeas V 2 Vmeas nb nRT

Mr

M r,1
M r,2

(T & P tetap)

correction to bring
measured P up to the
pressure an idal gas
would exert

correction to reduce
measured V to the volume
an ideal gas would have

Hubungan massa molar campuran gas dan komposisi gas

Mr = xi.Mr,i
The term a is a measure of attractive force between the
molecules.

Persamaan keadaan gas ideal

PV = nRT

The term b is due to the finite volume of the molecules and to

their general incompressibility.

Elaborasi persamaan gas ideal

is the effective volume of molecules in one mole of gas.

PV = nRT

m
RT
=
Mr

m
PMr =
RT
V

= RT
Perhitungan stoikiometri gas ideal dapat menggunakan satuan
jumlah zat dalam:
mol
volume
(pada T & P tetap)
tekanan
(pada T & V tetap)

gas_rangkuman/19-Oct-14 9:20:40 PM

Notice that the constant a involves a correction to the pressure

term of the ideal gas law, so the size of a would indicate
something about attractions between molecules. Larger values
of a mean stronger attractive forces between molecules. Thus,
the most easily liquified substances, like water and ethyl
alcohol, have the largest values of the van der Waals constant
a, suggesting relatively strong attractive forces between their
molecules.
The constant b helps to correct for the volume occupied by the
molecules themselves, so the size of b indicates something
about the sizes of particles in the gas. Larger values of b
mean larger molecule sizes.