Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Material and Energy Balances
Material and Energy Balances
1.Purposes
(1)Calculation of mass rate of water vaporization W
(2)Calculation of mass rate of dry air required L
(3)Calculation of mass rate of drying product G2
(4)Calculation of heat duty
(5)Providing basis for selection of blower, calculation
of heat transfer area of preheater and sizes of dryer
(3)Conversion of w and X
3.Material balances
[Refer to Figure 5-6(countercurrent dryers) results also apply to
cocurrent dryers.]
Waste Air
Dryer
Heating Air
[moist solids]
Dried Product
Feed
[moist solids]
Dryer
Heating Air
W
Dried Product
moist solids
of
bone-dry
Hot Air
Waste Air
Dryer
Preheater
Wet Solids
Hot Air
Dryer
Preheater
Temperature rising
constant humidity
Waste Air
under
Product
Supplementary
Heat transfer rate
10
Wet Solids
Where Q=
Q total heat transfer rate required in drying
Enthalpy of wet solids I:
11
12
13
Q4 QL
Comparing Eqs. (5-32), (5-40) with Eq.(24.1)[p.777]?
14
100%
total heat required for drying Q
QV W (2490 1.88t 2 ) 4.187W1
W (2490 1.88t 2 )
How to increase
Q3
100%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Q1 1.01L(t 2 t0 )
Q2 GCm ( 2 1 )
Q3 W (2490 1.88t 2 )
Q4 QL
15
16
of drying
17
t w1 t w 2 ,
t d unchanged
18
19
B C:
Constant
enthalpy
drying process(ideal drying
process/ideal dryer).
Constant enthalpy line BC is
the operating line of ideal
drying process.
20
a ).If QD 0, QL 0, G ( I 2 I1) 0
[QL 0, I 2 I1] :
L ( I1 I 0 ) L ( I 2 I 0 ) I 1 I 2
Operating line is BC1(Below line
BC, the ideal drying process
operating line)
b).If QD G ( I 2 I1) QL :
L ( I 1 I 0 ) L ( I 2 I 0 ) I1 I 2
Operating line is BC2(Above line BC)
21
22
24
25
Hint of [ 5-6]:
26
Hints of [ 5-7]:
For solution of complex problem, using the following equations :
(1)Equations
material balances
for
27
28
W G( X 1 X 2 )
29
32