tude, ( French: study) in music, originally a study or technical exercise, later a complete and

musically intelligible composition exploring a particular technical problem in an esthetically

satisfying manner. Although a number of didactic pieces date from earlier times, including vocal
solfeggi and keyboard works (Domenico Scarlattis Esercizi per gravicembalo), the tude came
into its own only in the late 18th and early 19th centuries with collections published by the
virtuoso pianist Muzio Clementi(especially his Gradus ad Parnassum, 1817), emulated by other
pianist-composers, especially Karl Czerny. With the 27 piano tudes by Frdric Chopin (Opus
10, 1833; Opus 25, 1837), the tude became a composition of considerable musical interest apart
from its merit as a technical study.
example:
a technical study composed by Frdric Chopin
for the piano.

Largo- an Italian word that means to play broad and very slow

Mazurka is a Polish folk dance in triple meter, usually at a lively tempo, and with accent on the
second or third beat.
A Polish dance resembling the polka, usually in 3/4 or 3/8 time with the second beat heavily acce
nted, and frequently adopted as a ballet form.
Mazurka is the national dance of Poland, and a mazurka rhythm is also the nations national
anthem. Today mazurka is most widely recognized in its ballet adaptations on stage and in folk
dance performances, but it was once a widely popular ballroom dance until fairly recently at the
turn of the 20th century it was eclipsed with new dance styles. The mazurka dance dates to the
1500s, and took root during Polands golden age, later spreading during the 17th century
throughout Eastern Europe as Poland spent much of its history as a wealthy and influential
power in Europe whose influence was seen in everything from the arts to cavalry and
military strategies adopted well beyond its borders. By the 18th century, Augustus II, Elector of
Saxony and King of Poland introduced the mazurka to the courts of Germany during which time
distinct variations appeared throughout Europe according to class and region, with major
variations appearing according to the ballrooms of nobility, folk dances of the peasantry and
urban variations among town folk as the dance began to spread on its own from there.