\nßsf ImØn-cn-°p∂ “\nba” tkh-\-߃

Xpey Ah-Imiw F∂Xv `mcX `c-W-L-S\ hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ kp{]-[m\

\nb-a-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. AXv hnZ-ym-`-ym-k-Øns‚ Imc-y-Øn-epw sXmgn¬ kw_-‘n-bmb
Imc-y-Øn-epw F∂p-th≠ \nb-a-]-cn-c-£-bpsS Imc-y-Ønepw _m[-I-am-Wv. ]Ww
C√mØ Imc-W-Øm¬ \nb-a-]-c-ambn e`nt°≠ Ah-k-c-ß-sfbpw sNdpØp \n¬∏n-
s\bpw Dt]-£n-°p-∂-h¿°p-th≠n {]tX-y-I-ambn hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ \nba
kwln-X-bmWv \nba klmb AtYm-dn‰n \nbaw 1987. (Legal Services Authorities Act
1987). Db¿∂ ^okv \¬In A`n-`m-j-Isc G¿s∏-Sp-Øm≥ km[n-°msX hcp-tºm-
gpw, tImSXn sNehv Xmßm-\m-sImX hcp-tºmgpw Cu \nb-asØ B{i-bn®v klmbw
tXSmw.
A¸w Ncn{Xw
C¥-y≥ `c-W-L-S-bpsS B¿´n-°nƒ 39 F {]Imcw A¿l-X-bp-f-f-h¿°v kuP-\y
\nb-ak- l
- mbw \¬I-Ws - a-∂mWv N´w. \oXn Hcp ]uc\pw \ntj[n°s∏-Sc - p-sX-∂mWv
XX-zw. 1980 ¬ PÃnkv ]n F≥ `K-hXn A[-y-£-\mb Hcp kanXn \nb-a-klmb ]≤-
Xn-Iƒ \S-∏n¬ hcp-Øm≥ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-´p. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kuP-\y
\nb-a-k-lm-b-Øn-\p≈ Hcp amXrIm ]≤Xn C¥-y-sbm-´msI cq]-h¬°-cn-®p. B-Zyw
sNehv apgp-h≥ tI{μ k¿°m¿ \¬Ip-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p [mc-W. F∂m¬ ]n∂o-Sp≈
Ah-tem-I-\-ß-fn¬ tZiob Xe-Øn-epw, kwÿm\ Xe-Øn-epw, Pn√m Xe-Ønepw
\nba klmb kan-Xn-Iƒ D≠m-IW - s - a∂ t_m[-yØ - ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n-emWv \nbaw
\ne-hn¬ h∂-Xv. AXp IqSm-sX-Xs∂ hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn¬ X¿°-߃ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-
Xn\pw ca-y-X-bn-se-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ambn temIv AZm-e-Øp-Iƒ \S-∂p-h-∂n-cp-∂p. Xmc-
X-ta-y\ thK-Ønepw sNe-hp-Ip-d™pw tIkp-Iƒ [mcmfw HØp-Xo¿∂p-sh-¶nepw A∂v
temIv AZm-e-Øp-Ifnse DØ-c-hpIƒ°v \nb-a-]-c-amb ]cn-c-£-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√
F∂Xv Hcp Zu¿_-ey- a - mbncp∂p. temIv AZm-eØ - ns‚ kzo-Im-cy- X - bpw Imc-y£ - a - X
- bpw
IW-°n-se-SpØv Ahbv°v \nb-a-]-c-ambn i‡-amb ]n¥p-W-bp-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv
eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtYm-dn‰n \nbaw \ne-hn¬ h∂-Xv. tZio-b-X-e-Øn¬ 1995 \hw-
_¿ 9 \mWv \nbaw \ne-hn¬ h∂-Xv. kwÿm\ eoK¬ k¿Δo-kkv AtYm-dn‰nbpsS
cq]o-I-cWw tIc-f-Øn¬ bmYm¿∞-y-am-bXv 1998 s{^{_p-hcn 6 \mWv.
tZiob eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtYm-dn‰n
kp{]ow tImSXn No^v PÃo-kns‚ t\Xr-X-z-Øn¬ tI{μ k¿°m¿ cq]w \¬Ip∂
tZiob eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtYm-dn-‰n-bn¬ C¥-y≥ {]kn-U‚ v \nb-an-°p∂ kp{]ow
tImSXn PUvPn-bpƒs∏-sS-bp-≈-h-cp-≠m-Ipw. Hcp AwK sk{I-´-dn-sbbpw a‰v DtZ-ym-K-
ÿ-scbpw Cu kan-Xn°v \nb-an-°mw. cmP-y-sºmSpw Cu \nbaw ^e-{]-Z-ambn \S-∏n-
em-°m-\p≈ Npa-X-e-Iƒ Cu kan-Xn-°p-≠v.
D]-t`m-‡m-°-fpsS Ah-Im-i-߃ kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\pw {]IrXn kwc-£-W-Øn\pw
kaq-l-Ønse Zp¿_e hn`m-K-߃°pambn {]tX-yI \S-]-Sn-Ifpw ssIs°m-t≈-≠-
Xp-≠v. {KmaoW taJ-eI - f
- nepw tNcn-If - nepw sXmgn-emfn tImf-\n-If - nepw \nba klmb
Iym-ºp-Ifpw temIv AZm-eØ - p-Ifpw \S-∏m-°p-I, a[-yÿ - X- b - n-epsS X¿°-߃ ]d™p
Xo¿°p-∂Xv t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I, Zcn-{Z¿°n-S-bn¬ \nba tkh\ km[-y-X-Iƒ°p≈
]#\߃ \S-Øp-I, kwÿm-\, Pn√m Xe AtYm-dn-‰n-Iƒ°pw k∂-≤kwL-S-\-
Iƒ°pw [\-k-lm-b-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-I, hnZ-ym-`-ymk ÿm]-\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw
k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-I-fn-eq-sSbpw \nb-a-hn-Z-ym-`-ymkw \¬Ip-I, \nb-a-km-£-cX \¬Ip-I,
k∂≤ kwL-S-\-I-fn-eqsS ASn-ÿm\ Xe {]h¿Ø-\-߃ \S-ØpI, ]´nI PmXn˛-
]-´nI h¿§ hn`m-Kß - ƒ°mbpw kv{XoIƒ, {KmaoW taJ-eb - nse sXmgn-em-fn-Iƒ F∂n-
h¿°mbpw {]tX-yI \nb-a-k-lm-b-߃ \¬IpI apX-e-bm-h-sb√mw tZiob eoK¬
k¿ho-kkv AtYm-dn-‰n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-epƒs∏-Spw.
kwÿm\ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv AtYm-dn‰n
sslt°m-SXn No^v PÃn-kns‚ t\Xr-X-z-Øn-emWv kwÿm\ eoK¬ k¿ho-kkv
AtYm-dn‰n {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. sslt°m-SXn PUvPn sNb¿am-\m-bp≈ Cu kan-Xn-
bn¬ Pn√m PUvPn-bpsS ]Z-hn-bn-ep≈ DtZ-ym-K-ÿ≥ AwK sk{I-´-dn-bm-bn-cn-°pw.
\nb-a-k-lm-b-Øn\v A¿l-X-bp-≈-h¿°v AXv e`-y-am-°m-\p≈ Npa-Xe Cu kan-Xn-
°p-≠v. sslt°m-S-Xn-bn-ep≈ tIkp-Iƒ°pƒs∏sS temIv AZm-e-Øpƒ \S-Øp-I,
\nba t_m[-h¬°-cW ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-ØpI apX-em-b-h-sb√mw kwÿm\ eoK¬
k¿ho-kkv AtYm-dn-‰n-bpsS Npa-Xe - I
- f - m-Wv. tIc-fØ - n¬ PÃnkv Ipc-y≥ tPmk-^mWv
Cu kan-Xn-bpsS kwÿm\ sNb¿am≥. PÃnkv sI _me-Ir-jvW≥ \mb¿ tIcf
sslt°m-SXnbpsSbpw Pn√m PUvPn Un ]m∏-®≥ Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn√bpsS \nb-a-k-
lmb kwhn-[m-\-߃°v t\Xr-Xzw \¬Ip-∂p. Xmeq°v Xe-Ønepw \nb-a-k-lmb
kan-Xn-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v Cu \n-b-a-Øn¬ hy-h-ÿ-I-fp-≠v.
\nb-a-k-lm-b-Øn-\p≈ A¿lXbpf-f-h¿
† ]´nI PmXn ˛ ]´nI h¿§ hn`m-Kw
† `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 23 hIp∏v {]Im-c-ap≈ \n¿Δ-N-\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ bmN-I¿,
]oU-\-Øn-\n-c-bm-b-h¿ apX-em-b-h¿
† kv{XoIfpw Ip´n-Ifpw
† `qan Ipep-°w, sh≈-s∏m-°w, hcƒ®, h¿§ob Iem-]w, a‰v h≥ Zpc-¥-߃ apX-
bmh bv°v Cc-bm-b-h¿
† hy-h-kmb sXmgn-emfnIƒ
† Akm≥am¿KnI {]h¿Ø-\-߃ XS-b¬ \nb-a-{]-Im-chpw Ip´n-I-fpsS \nb-a-{]-
Im-chpw am\-knI Btcm-Ky \nb-a-{]-Im-c-hp-sa√mw XS-hn¬ Ign-bp-∂-h¿
† hm¿jnI hcp-am\w Ccp-]-Øn-A-øm-bncw cq]-bn¬ Ihn-bm-Ø-h¿. hm¿jnI hcp-
am\w kw_-‘n®v At]-£≥ ka¿∏n°p∂ kX-yh - m-Mvaq-ew aXn-bmb tcJ-bmbn IW-
°m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (CXns‚ ]cn[n Aº-Xn-\m-bncw cq]-bmbn Db¿Øm≥ ip]m¿i
sNbvXn-´p-≈Xpw AXv DS≥ \S-∏n¬ hcp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.)
temIv AZm-e-Øp-Iƒ
\ne-hn¬ tkh\w sNøp-∂tXm A√m-ØtXm Bb PUvPn-am¿ Dƒs∏-sS-bp-f-f-h-cmWv
temIv AZm-eØ - n¬ tIkp-Iƒ Xo¿∏m-°p-∂X - v. tIknse GsX-¶nepw I£n-Iƒ tIkv
temIv AZm-e-Øn-te°v Ab-°-W-sa∂v tImS-Xn-tbmSv At]-£n-°p-Ibpw tImSXn°v
HØp-Xo¿∏n-\p≈ km[-yX t_m[-y-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøptºmgpw, tIknse Ccp I£n-
Ifpw tIkv temIv AZm-eØ - n-te°v Ab-°p-∂X - n\v kΩXw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-tºmgpw
AZm-e-Øn¬ AhbpsS ^b-ep-Iƒ Xo¿∏n-\mbn FSp-°p-∂p. Ccp I£n-Ifpw XΩn¬
HØpXo¿∏n-se-Øp-∂ tIkp-I-fn¬ temIv AZm-eØv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂ hn[nsb
Ahm¿Uv F∂v ]d-bpw. AØ-cWw Ahm¿Un\v knhn¬ tImS-Xn-bpsS Hcp hn[n-
bmbn Xs∂ IW-°m-°pw. temIv AZm-e-Øn¬ HØp-Xo¿∏m-Ip∂ tIkp-I-fn¬ tImS-
Xn-bn¬ sI´n-h-®n-cn-°p∂ tImSXn ^okv XncnsI e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. hIp-∏p-X-e-
Øn-ep-≈Xpƒs∏sS-bp≈ tIkp-Iƒ Xo¿∏m-°m≥ ÿncw temIv AZm-e-Øp-Iƒ
ÿm]n-°m\pw Cu \nb-a-Øn¬ hy-h-ÿ-I-fp-≠v.
tImS-Xnsb kao-]n-°p-∂-Xn\p apºpw AZm-e-Øn¬ tIkv \¬Imw
X¿°]cn-lm-cØ - n\v GsXmcp I£n°pw t\cn´v temIv AZm-eØ - n¬ At]£ \¬Imw.
tImS-Xnbn¬ CXv kw_-‘n®v X¿°w D∂-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\p apºm-bn-cn-°Ww temIv
AZm-eØ - ns\ kao-]n-t°-≠X - v. AZm-eØ - n¬ tIkv FSp-°p-∂X - n\v At]£ \¬Inb
tijw ho≠pw AtX X¿°-Øn¬ tImS-Xnsb kao-]n-°m-\m-hn-s√-∂p-am-{Xw. Ccp
I£n-I-tfmSpw tcJm-apew hkvXp-X-Iƒ hnh-cn-°m≥ temIv AZm-e-Øn\v Bh-i-y-s∏-
Smw. I£n-Iƒ HØp-Xn¿∏n-se-Øp∂ ]£w Ccp-I-£n-Ifpw H∏n´ HØp-Xo¿∏v Icm¿
D≠m-°p-Ibpw AZm-eØv Ahm¿Uv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. I£n-Iƒ [mc-W-
bn-se-ØmØ (Ip-‰-Ir-X-y-ß-sfm-gn-sI-bp-≈) tIkp-I-ƒ temIv AZm-e-Øn\v hkvXp-
X-I-fp-sSbpw \oXn-bp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Xo¿∏m-°p-Ibpw sNømw.