Mike Mayer

AP Chemistry per. 2
4 April 2014
Titration Lab
Purpose:
To determine the molarity of a solution of sodium hydroxide through
standardization, to determine the equivalent mass of an unknown acid, and
to determine the pKa of the unknown acid.
Data Tables:
Standardization (molarity of NaOH)
Mass of KHP
Initial Volume
Final Volume
Volume of NaOH
added

Trial 1
0.46 g
0 mL
22.4 mL
22.4 mL

Trial 2
0.50 g
8.7 mL
33.5 mL
24.8 mL

Titration (equivalent mass of unknown acid)

Substance #9
Mass of Unknown
Acid
Initial Volume
Final Volume
Volume of NaOH
added

Trial 1
3.0 g

Trial 2
3.0 g

0 mL
25.2 mL
25.2 mL

0 mL
25.2 mL
25.2 mL

Titration (pKa of unknown acid, data from Danny Gross)

Mass of Unknown Acid
Standard NaOH
Concentration

0.25 g
.0965 M

Buret Reading
0 mL
1 mL
2 mL
3 mL
4 mL
5 mL
6 mL
7 mL
8 mL
9 mL
10 mL

pH
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.5
3.5

Trial 3
0.43 g
0 mL
21.4 mL
21.4 mL

11 mL
12 mL
13 mL
14 mL
15 mL
16 mL
17 mL
18 mL
19 mL
20 mL
20.2 mL
20.4 mL
20.6 mL
20.8 mL
21 mL
21.2 mL
21.4 mL
21.6 mL
21.8 mL
22 mL
22.2 mL
22.4 mL
22.6 mL
22.8 mL
23 mL
24 mL
25 mL
26 mL
27 mL
28 mL
29 mL
30 mL
Graph:

3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.1
4.2
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.2
5.4
5.5
5.8
6.2
8.1
9.0
9.5
9.8
9.9
10.0
10.2
10.3
10.3
10.4
10.4
10.6
10.8
10.9
10.9
11.0
11.1
11.1

pH vs. mL of .0965 M NaOH

12
10
8
pH

6
4
2
0
0

10

15

20

mL of .0965 M NaOH

Calculations:
Standardization (molarity of NaOH)

Moles=M V
Trial 1

0.46 g 1mol KHP

=.00225 mol KHP

1
204.22 g
.00225 M =M 1 .0224 L
M 1=.010 1 M
Trial 2

0.50 g 1mol KHP

=.00245 mol KHP

1
204.22 g
.00245 M =M 2 .02 48 L
M 2=.0 987 M
Trial 3

0. 43 g 1mol KHP

=.00211 mol KHP

1
204.22 g
.00211 M =M 3 .02 14 L

25

30

35

M 3=.0 98 3 M
Average

M 1 + M 2+ M 3
=.0992 M
3
Titration (equivalent mass of unknown acid)

mol of H +ions
MM
EM =

Trial 1

0.3 g
=.0992 M .0252 L
MM
MM=1 19.98 g /mol
E M 1=

119.98 g /mol
=119 . 98 g/mol
1

Trial 2

0.3 g
=.0992 M .0255 L
MM
MM=118 .5 7 g/ mol

E M 2=

11 8 . 5 7 g /mol
=118 .5 7 g/mol
1

Average

E M 1+ E M 2
=119 .2 7 g/mol
2
Titration (pKa of unknown acid)

K a=10 p K

K a=103.55
K a=2.82 1 04
Conclusion:

1. The average value for the molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution was .
0992 M.
2. The average value for the equivalent mass of the unknown acid was
119.27 g/mol.
3. Equivalent mass is determined instead of molar mass because it takes into
account the
number of hydrogen ions available per molecule.
4. The acid samples must be dried so that water molecules do not skew the
results of the
experiment. A sample that is insufficiently dried will cause the molarity of
the NaOH to appear
larger and the molar mass of the unknown acid to appear greater.
5. The NaOH must be standardized so the exact concentration can be known.
6. The pKa of the unknown acid is about 3.55. This converts to a K a value of
2.82 x 10-4.
7. The equivalence point is not at pH 7 because the unknown acid is a weak
acid.