Chapter 3: Stoichiometry- Calculations with Chemical Formulas and

Equations
Formula Mass/
Molecular Mass

Sum of atomic masses in a chemical formula.

Percent Composition
Mole
Empirical Formula

Mass of one formula or molecule

Percent of mass of an element in a compound
Represents the number 6.022 X 1023
Give the lowest whole number ratio of elements in a
compound

Types of Reactions:
Combination/Synthesis-

A+B

AB

Decomposition-

AB

A+B

Combustion-

____ + O2

CO2 + H2O

Single Replacement-

A + BX

B + AX

Double Replacement-

AX + BY

AY + BX

SYMBOLS
(s)- Solid
(l)- Liquid
(g)- Gas
(aq)- Aqueous
Percent Composition:
Percent by mass of an element in a compound

% X = mass of element X x 100%

total mass

Molar Mass
1 mol = 6.022 x 1023 particles
1 g = 6.022 x 1023 amu
Conversion between Moles, Particles, and Molar Mass
Particles

Moles

Molar Mass

Determining Empirical Formulas

Assume percentage is out of 100g, then divide each percent by the elements molar
mass. Then divide each amount of moles, by the element with the smallest number
of moles.
Determining Molecular Formulas
Find the mass of the formula, and divide it by the mass given. Multiply this number
by the subscripts of each element.
Stoichiometry
Mass A
B
1 mol A
gA

Moles A

mol B
mol A

Percent Yield
% yield =
actual
theoretical

x 100%

Moles B

X
1 mol B

gB

Mass