An Example How To Calculate Voltage Drop and Size of Electrical Cable - EEP

1/1/2016
Anexamplehowtocalculatevoltagedropandsizeofelectricalcable|EEP
Anexamplehowtocalculatevoltage
dropandsizeofelectricalcable
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An example how to calculate voltage drop and size of electrical cable (photo credit:
12voltplanet.co.uk)
Inputinformation//
Electricaldetails:
Electricalloadof80KW,distancebetweensourceandloadis200meters,system
voltage415Vthreephase,powerfactoris0.8, permissiblevoltagedrop is5%,
demandfactoris1.
Cablelayingdetail:
Cableisdirectedburiedingroundintrenchatthedepthof1meter.Ground
temperatureisapproximate35Deg.Numberofcablepertrenchis1.Numberof
runofcableis1run.
Soildetails:
Thermalresistivityofsoilisnotknown.Natureofsoilisdampsoil.
http://electricalengineeringportal.com/anexamplehowtocalculatevoltagedropandsizeofelectricalcable
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Ok,letsdiveintocalculations
ConsumedLoad=TotalLoadDemandFactor:
ConsumedLoadinKW=801=80KW
ConsumedLoadinKVA=KW/P.F.:
ConsumedLoadinKVA=80/0.8=100KVA
FullLoadCurrent=(KVA1000)/(1.732Voltage):
FullLoadCurrent=(1001000)/(1.732415)=139Amp.
CalculatingCorrectionFactorofCablefromfollowingdata:
TemperatureCorrectionFactor(K1)WhenCableisintheAir
TemperatureCorrectionFactorinAir:K1
AmbientTemperature
Insulation
PVC
XLPE/EPR
10
1.22
1.15
15
1.17
1.12
20
1.12
1.08
25
1.06
1.04
35
0.94
0.96
40
0.87
0.91
45
0.79
0.87
50
0.71
0.82
55
0.61
0.76
60
0.5
0.71
65
0.65
70
0.58
75
0.5
80
0.41
GroundTemperatureCorrectionFactor(K2)
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GroundTemperatureCorrectionFactor:K2
GroundTemperature
Insulation
PVC
XLPE/EPR
10
1.1
1.07
15
1.05
1.04
20
0.95
0.96
25
0.89
0.93
35
0.77
0.89
40
0.71
0.85
45
0.63
0.8
50
0.55
0.76
55
0.45
0.71
60
0.65
65
0.6
70
0.53
75
0.46
80
0.38
ThermalResistanceCorrectionFactor(K4)forSoil(WhenThermalResistanceofSoilisknown)
SoilThermalResistivity:2.5KM/W
Resistivity
K3
1.18
1.5
1.1
1.05
2.5
0.96
SoilCorrectionFactor(K4)ofSoil(WhenThermalResistanceofSoilisnotknown)
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NatureofSoil
K3
VeryWetSoil
1.21
WetSoil
1.13
DampSoil
1.05
DrySoil
VeryDrySoil
0.86
CableDepthCorrectionFactor(K5)
LayingDepth(Meter)
RatingFactor
0.5
1.1
0.7
1.05
0.9
1.01
1.2
0.98
1.5
0.96
CableDistancecorrectionFactor(K6)
NoofCircuit
Nil
Cablediameter
0.125m
0.25m
0.5m
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.9
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.55
0.55
0.65
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.7
0.8
CableGroupingFactor(NoofTrayFactor)(K7)
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NoofCable/Tray
0.84
0.8
0.78
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.8
0.76
0.74
0.73
0.72
0.71
0.78
0.74
0.72
0.71
0.7
0.69
0.77
0.73
0.7
0.69
0.68
0.67
0.75
0.71
0.7
0.68
0.68
0.66
0.74
0.69
0.675
0.66
0.66
0.64
0.73
0.69
0.68
0.67
0.66
0.64
Accordingtoabovedetailcorrectionfactors:
Groundtemperaturecorrectionfactor(K2)=0.89
Soilcorrectionfactor (K4)=1.05
Cabledepthcorrectionfactor(K5)=1.0
Cabledistancecorrectionfactor(K6)=1.0
Totalderatingfactor=k1k2k3K4K5K6K7
Totalderatingfactor=0.93
SelectionofCable
Forselectionofpropercablefollowingconditionsshouldbesatisfied:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cablederatingampshouldbehigherthanfullloadcurrentofload.
Cablevoltagedropshouldbelessthandefinedvoltagedrop.
No.ofcableruns(Fullloadcurrent/Cablederatingcurrent).
Cableshortcircuitcapacity shouldbehigherthansystemshort
circuitcapacityatthatpoint.
SelectionofcableCase#1
Letsselect3.5core70Sq.mmcableforsinglerun.
Currentcapacityof70Sq.mmcableis:170Amp,
Resistance=0.57/Kmand
Reactance=0.077mho/Km
Totalderatingcurrentof70Sq.mmcable=1700.93=159Amp.
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VoltageDropofCable=
(1.732Current(Rcos+jsin)Cablelength100)/(LinevoltageNoof
run1000)=
(1.732139(0.570.8+0.0770.6)200100)/(41511000)=5.8%
Voltagedropofcable=5.8%
Herevoltagedropfor70Sq.mmCable(5.8%)ishigherthandefine
voltagedrop(5%)soeitherselecthighersizeofcableorincreasenoof
cableruns.
Ifweselect2runs,thanvoltagedropis2.8%whichiswithinlimit
(5%)buttouse2runsofcableof70Sq.mmcableisnot
economical,soitsnecessarytousenexthighersizeofcable.
SelectionofcableCase#2
Letsselect3.5core95Sq.mmcableforsinglerun,shortcircuitcapacity=
8.2KA.
Currentcapacityof95Sq.mmcableis200Amp,
Resistance=0.41/Kmand
Reactance=0.074mho/Km
Totalderatingcurrentof70Sq.mmCable=2000.93=187Amp.
Voltagedropofcable=
(1.732139(0.410.8+0.0740.6)200100)/(41511000)=2.2%
Todecide95Sq.mmcable,cableselectionconditionshouldbe
checked.
1. CablederatingAmp(187Amp)ishigherthanfullloadcurrentof
load(139Amp)=O.K
2. CablevoltageDrop(2.2%)islessthandefinedvoltagedrop(5%)
=O.K
3. Numberofcableruns(1)(139A/187A=0.78)=O.K
4. Cableshortcircuitcapacity(8.2KA)ishigherthansystemshort
circuitcapacityatthatpoint(6.0KA)=O.K
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95Sq.mmcablesatisfiedallthree
condition,soitisadvisabletouse
3.5Core95Sq.mmcable.
RecommendedEEstuff//
Sharewithengineers//
AboutAuthor//
Jignesh Parmar
jiguparmarJigneshParmarhascompletedM.Tech(Power
SystemControl),B.E(Electrical).HeismemberofInstitution
ofEngineers(MIE),India.MembershipNo:M1473586.He
hasmorethan13yearsexperienceinTransmission
DistributionElectricalEnergytheftdetectionElectrical
MaintenanceElectricalProjects(PlanningDesigning
TechnicalReviewcoordinationExecution).HeisPresently
associatewithoneoftheleadingbusinessgroupasaDeputyManagerat
Ahmedabad,India.HehaspublishednumbersofTechnicalArticlesin"Electrical
Mirror","ElectricalIndia","LightingIndia","IndustrialElectrix"(AustralianPower
Publications)Magazines.HeisFreelancerProgrammerofAdvanceExceland
designusefulExcelbaseElectricalProgramsasperIS,NEC,IEC,IEEEcodes.He
isTechnicalBloggerandFamiliarwithEnglish,Hindi,Gujarati,Frenchlanguages.
HewantstoSharehisexperience&Knowledgeandhelptechnicalenthusiaststo
findsuitablesolutionsandupdatingthemselvesonvariousEngineeringTopics.
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