TM HIU

OFDM/OFDMA
NHM 2

GII THIU CHUNG

OFDM ( Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)
c gii thiu bi Chang vo nm 1966

OFDM ghp knh phn chia theo tn s trc giao

OFDMA l a truy nhp phn chia theo tn s trc giao

PHM VI NG
DNG

PHM VI NG DNG OFDM

OFDM l k thut iu ch phn chia di tn
cho php thnh rt nhiu di tn con vi cc
sng mang khc nhau.
Cc sng mang trong k thut iu ch a sng
mang l h sng mang trc giao
c s dng trong nhiu h thng ADSL, Wifi,
Wimax , DAB, HDTV

PHM VI NG DNG OFDM

ng dng trn th gii

Nn tng ca cc k thut truyn dn v tuyn.

H thng truyn hnh s mt t DVB-T
H thng pht thanh s ng di DRM
Truy cp internet bng thng rng ADSL
Cc chun IEEE 802.11a (1999) IEEE 802.11g.
Mng my tnh khng dy vi tc truyn dn cao HiperLAN/2
4G

PHM VI NG DNG OFDM

ng dng hin ti Vit Nam
Mng internet bng thng rng
Truyn hnh s mt t DVBT

Hng pht trin

iu ch s dng trong Wimax v 4G
Kt hp vi MIMO technique v cng ngh CDMA
Thay i php bin i FFT trong b iu ch OFDM bng Wavelet

PHM VI NG DNG OFDMA

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (a Truy cp Phn
Tn Trc giao), vit tt l OFDMA
Ph thuc vo ng dng OFDM
Cc h thng da trn OFDMA c th
cung cp tc d liu cao
hot ng trong mi trng v tuyn a ng th ch
cho php chia s hiu qu cc ngun lc hn ch

PHM VI NG DNG OFDMA

c s dng ch linh ng ca
IEEE 802.16 WiMAX
L mt c im k thut lm vic trong
3GPP Long Term Evolution downlink
L phng php truy cp ng c vin cho
IEEE 802,22 "Regional Wireless Area
Networks.
ng dng trong h thng 4G- LTE
8

NG DNG H
THNG OFDM

NG DNG H THNG OFDM

DBA

H THNG
DRM

H THNG DVB
DVB-T
DVB-H

4G

WLAN

ISDB-T
10

H THNG DRM

D liu

D liu

M ho
ngun

Tin
m ho

Phn tn
nng lng

M ho
knh

Ghp
knh

Ghp
xen
Pht
Pilot

O
nh
x

Tin
Thng m ho
tin
truy
cp
knh

Phn tn
nng lng

M ho
knh

Phn tn
nng lng

M ho
knh

F
D
M

Tin
Thng m ho
tin m
t DV

11

H THNG DVB-T

Tch sng

Thch
ng
khung

Phn
tn
nng
lng

IFFT

M ho
ngoi

Chn
khoang
bo v

Ghp
xen
ngoi

Lc FIR

M ho
trong

IF RF

Ghp
xen
trong

Khuych
i

nh vi
( Mapper)

Lc
Band
Pass

S khi b DVB-T
12

H THNG DVB-T
Tn hiu c t chc thnh tng khung
Mi khung cha 68 symbol OFDM
Mi symbol cha

Sng mang d liu

Sng mang dn ng
Pilot lin tc
Pilot ri rc
Sng mang thng s pht TPS

13

H THNG DVB-H

iu khin cng sut

Tn hiu
DVB-T
RF
input

Gii iu ch
DVB-T

Time
Slicing
u cui

EN 300 744
8K,2K

4K,
TPS

Gii iu ch DVB - H

DVB-H
IP
Datagram

THU
CA
DVBH

TS
packet
14

H THNG DVB-H
Kin trc ban u ca cc my TD DVB-H :

in thoi tch hp 3 bng tn s: GSM, GPRS v UMTS (3G).

B thu DVB-H.
Camera 1.3M pixel.
Mn hin th VGA (640 x 480).
Mn hnh cm bin - touch screen.
m thanh ng ra Stereo.
H tr chun khng dy Bluetooth.
B nh trong c dung lng 1Gbit

15

SO SNH DVB-T V DVB-H

c im
Tc bit ca 1 knh
truyn hnh c nt
tiu chun SDTV

DVB-T

DVB-H

4-5 Mbit/s

128-384 Kbit/s

Mn hin th

Mn hnh TV

Mn hnh in thoi

Anten

Trn mi/trong nh hoc

anten trn t

Bn trong in
thoi

Ngun cung cp

C nh v ngun lin tc

Ngun nng lng

Pin c gii hn

Ch thu

Thu c inh, xch tay

trong nh v trn phng
tin giao thng

Cc my cm tay di
16
ng

PHT THANH QUNG B S DBA

DAB( Digital Audio Broadcsting ) l chun truyn s mi

c pht trin bi d n Erueka 147,

c cng nhn bi ITU nh l chun ca th gii.
c ETSI chun ha nm 1995
l tiu chun u tin ca OFDM

em n ngi nghe tn hiu khng c nhiu, m thanh cht

lng cao, d dng trong s dng v khng hn ch kh nng m
rng
C th m rng thnh mng pht thanh qung b v tinh
h tr truyn dn a mc ch
17

PHT THANH QUNG B S DAB

FIC

ng b dch v
ng b ghp knh

Dch
v
Dch
v

M
ha
M
ha

M
ha
knh
M
ha
knh

M
S
C

Gh
p
kn
h

OFDM

B
pht

Tn s radio

S
khi pht
18

PHT THANH QUNG B S DAB

Chn lc

Gii iu
ch OFDM

Gii m
knh

Gii m
audio

Dch v

Gii trn
gi

Dch v

Control Bus
iu khin
Giao din ngi
dng

S
khi thu
19

PHT THANH QUNG B S DAB

Tham s

Mode 1

Mode 2

Mode 3

Bng thng

1,536 MHZ

1,536 MHZ

1,536 MHZ

Sng mang

1,546

758

384

DQPSK

DQPSK

DQPSK

1 ms

250

125

Ts/4 (250s)

Ts/4 (62,5 s)

Ts/4 ( 31,25 s)

2,4 Mbps

2,4 Mbps

2,4 Mbps

iu ch knh
con
Chiu di k t
(TS)
Chiu di on
bo v
Tc

Tham s k thut truyn

20

MNG WLAN

Data Rate
Modulation
Coding Rate
# of Suli- Carriers
# of pilots
OFDM Symbol Duration
Guarvi Interval
Sub- Carrier Spacing
3 dB baudwidele
Chanel Spacing

6.9,12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54

Mbps
BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM
1/2, 2/3,
52
4
4 us
800
312.5 kHz
16.56 MHz
20 MHz
21

MNG WLAN
Lp vt l ca chun
802.11
Chun 802.11 l chun c bn
Lp vt l khng dy chia thnh hai phn:
Lp con PLCP (phisical layer convergence protocol)
PMD (physical medium dependent)

IEE802.11 nh ngha lp vt l cho tc 1 v 2 Mbps trong

bng tn s v tuyn khng ng k 2.4 GHz s dng hai k
thut trai ph chui trc tip DSSS v trai ph nhy tn FHSS

22

MNG WLAN
Lp vt l ca chun
802.11
Trai ph nhy tn
FHSS
FHSS s dng 97 knh c rng mt Mbps/knh
S dng dch tn Gaussian (GFSK ) d truyn dn tn hiu trn
cc phng tin .
Cc knh truyn c c thng qua chiu di bng l 83.5Mhz
Mi tp dch v c th chn mt trong ba b nhy
(0,3,6,9,,75)
(1,4,7,10,,76)
(2,5,8,11,,77)

23

MNG WLAN
Lp vt l ca chun
802.11
Trai ph trc tip
DSSS
DSSS s dng bng tn 2.4GHz
Mt knh DSSS vt l c bng thng l 22MHz
B mt ph ca knh a ra tnh hc ca n bi hm f(x) =
sinx/x,
Tiu chun 802.11 ch rng sn phm ph c lc n -30db t
tn s trung tm v tt c cc sn phm cn li c lc n
-50db
Tt c cc bit thng tin c DSSS truyn i c trn tn s s 24

MNG WLAN
Lp MAC ca chun
802.11
Mng LAN c dy hot ng trong cc knh d b nhiu cua mi
trng.
Mi trng ca mng WLAM s dng cm nhn sng mang s
mt kh nhiu thi gian vi mng lan c dy
Kh d s ng
Vng ph sng ca mng Wlan c phn chia thnh cc cell
Mi cell s dng mt tn s cc cell cn k s dng cc tn s
khc nhau gim nhiu ,trong mi cell c mt AP c kt ni
vi mng lan c dy.
25

MNG WLAN
Chun IEEE 802.11a
Tc truyn dn cao (54MHz)
Tn s hot ng cao (5GHz)
Bng thng ln
K thut OFDM trong lp vt l ca WLAN 802.11a
Gn 1 preamble vo MAC frame
Chn thi gian bo v
iu ch m ha gi d liu

26

MNG WLAN
Chun IEEE 802.11h
chu u , bng tn 5.15 -5.35 GHz v 5.45-5.725 GHz c s
dng cho HIPERLANS
c p dng trong TCP v DFS

27

DCH V QUNG B S MT T ISDB-T

Integrateg Serices Digital Broadcasting Terrestrial
ISDB-T c kh nhiu iem ging vi DVB-T
ISDB-T thc cht l mt bin th ca DVB-T.
ISDB-T c ng dng trong truyn hnh v truyn thanh
S dng 3 mode.

28

TH H DI DNG 4G
Bng tn ( 2-8GHz)
tc d liu trn 20Mbps.
s dng phng php iu ch a sng mang, c 2 loi khc
nhau ca MCM dng cho 4G l MC_CDMA v OFDM dng TDMA.
MC_CDMA l s kt hp OFDM v CDMA.

29

M T TON HC
K THUT
OFDM/OFDMA

30

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

Tn hiu c th hin

1
S s (t )
N
Trong :

N 1

A (t ).e
n 0

j [0 t + c (t)]

0 n.
n (t ) n
An (t ) An

31

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

Ly mu l 1/T
Tn hiu hp thnh:

N 1

1
j [(0 n. ) kT n ]
S s (kT ) An .e
N n 0

32

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

N .T
0 0
So vi dng tng
qut ca bin i
Fourier ngc

N 1

1
j n j ( n. ) kT
S s (kT ) An e .e
N n 0
1
g (kT )
N

N 1

n
j 2 nk / N
G
(
)
e

NT
n 0
33

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

N 1

1
j n j ( n. ) kT
S s (kT ) An e .e
N n 0
1
g (kT )
N

N 1

1
1
f

NT

n
j 2 nk / N
G(
)e

NT
n 0
34

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

Cc thnh phn ca 1 mng
trc giao

k (t ) exp( jk t )
k
k 0 2
t

35

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

Mi qun h trc giao
b

p=
q
j [2 ( p q ) b / ]

(
t
)

(
t
)
dt

e
p
q

e
dt

0
j 2 ( p q ) /

j [2 ( p q ) t / ]

dt (b a )

p=q
(b-a) =
36

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

s (t )

N 1

x
k 0

. k (t )
37

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

k (t ) Ak e

1
f1
N T TCP

k (t )

j 2 kf1t

1
j 2 kf1TCP
Ak
e
T TCP

1
j 2 kf1 ( t TCP )
e
, t [0, T )
T TCP

0, t [0, T )

38

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

TN HIU CUI CNG

S (t )

N 1

l k 0

(t lT )

k ,l k

Trong ghp knh phn chia theo tn s trc giao, khong

cch sng mang tng ng vi tc bit ca bn tin.
39

M T TON HC K THUT OFDM/OFDMA

Vic iu ch tn hiu OFDM/OFDMA bng cc thut ton DSP
Nguyn tc ca tnh trc giao thng c s dng trong phm vi
DSP
Trong ton hc, s hng trc giao c c t vic nghin cu cc
vector

Cc my thu OFDM bin i tn hiu tnh k thut bin i nhanh

Fourier (FFT).

40

GII PHP THAY

TH

41

GII PHP THAY TH OFDMA BNG CCH

DNG SOFDMA
SOFDMA kch thc FFT c th thay i
OFDMA kch thc FFT c nh l 2048

42

KT LUN

43

U IM CA OFDM
OFDM tng hiu sut s dng
OFDM chu ng fading la chn tn s tt hn nhng h thng
sng mang n.
OFDM loi tr nhiu symbol (ISI) v xuyn nhiu gia cc sng
mang (ICI)
C th khi phc li c cc symbol b mt do hin tng la
chn tn s ca cc knh.
K thut cn bng knh tr nn n gin hn

44

U IM CA OFDM
S dng k thut DFT b sung vo cc chc nng iu ch v
gii iu ch lm gim chc nng phc tp ca OFDM.
Cc phng php iu ch vi sai (differential modulation) gip
trnh yu cu vo b sung b gim st knh.
t b nh hng vi khong thi gian ly mu hn so vi h thng
n sng mang.
Chu ng tt nhiu

45

NHC IM CA OFDM
Mo phi tuyn cc b khuch i cng sut pha pht v thu..
Hiu sut ng truyn gim do bn thn chui bo v khng
mang tin c ch.
Rt nhy cm ca hiu ng Doppler cng nh l s dch tn
(Frequency offset) v dch thi gian (time offset) do sai s ng
b.

46

KT LUN
K thut OFDM tng thch vi nhiu ng dng, thch ng vi h
thng truyn ti quang gip tit kim bng thng, tang tc
truyn dn.
OFDM quang l mt lnh vc nghin cu nhanh chng pht trin..
Cu ni gia mng khng dy v mng truy nhp thng qua h
thng RoF.
Cc tiu chun v OFDM phi c chun ha pht trin trong
ngnh cng nghip truyn thng.

47