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Summary 1-4
Summary 1-4
: Iman Hilmansyah
Student ID
: 1402203
Subject
: EFL Methodology
Date
Adult learners have special characteristics such as; they can engage with
abstract thought, they have a lot of experiences, they have expectation
about the learning process, they are more discipline, and they know the
objectives. Besides that, they also have characteristics which could be
problem in teaching and learning process such as; they can be too critical,
they may have experience failure that can make them under confidence
about learning English, and they worry that their intellectual powers may be
diminishing with age.
Learners Differences
Learners come from group of individual, each individual has different
characteristics in learning, so we have to think about how to respond these
differences. There are some ways in identifying individual needs and
behavior profiles. The first is aptitude and intelligences. Second is good
learner characteristics. Third are learners styles and strategies that suggest
four learners categories include converges, conformists, concrete learners,
communicative learners. the forth is individual variation which are contained
of neuro-linguistic programming which gives teachers the chance to offer
students activities which suit their primary preferred system and MI theory
which is based on the learners multiple intelligences. After knowing the
differences now teacher should think about what to do about individual
differences. Here the teachers will be helped if they know who is different in
the class and how they are different.
Proficiency Levels
In language levels students are generally described in three levels, beginner,
intermediate and advanced, and these categories are further qualified by
talking about real beginner and false beginners. Between beginner and
intermediate there is elementary. And the intermediate itself is divided into
intermediate upper intermediate and even mid intermediate. In teaching and
learning process for all of the levels, the methodology, language and tsk
topic will be different.
In general, we will give student more support when they are on beginner or
intermediate levels than we need to do when they are more advanced. The
statement proves that a higher level is more resourceful, so they have less
need for us to explain everything in such a careful and supportive way.
Experienced teachers are very good at rough-tuning their language to the
level they are dealing with. The textbook also must consider to the level of
proficiency, so the textbook will not to hard or too easy to understand by the
teacher.
Motivation
There is also motivation that can influence the learners. Motivation can be
meant as kind of internal drive which pushes someone to do things in order
to achieve something. There are external sources of motivation which are the
goal, the society we live in, the people around us, and curiosity.
There is also something that call motivation angle, which consists of affect
that concern with student feelings, achievement that has a meaning that
keeping students to be success In every materials is important because
when they are success in something they will be motivated to learn, attitude
that concern with teachers behavior to motivate students, activities, and
agency.
Name
: Iman Hilmansyah
Student ID
: 1402203
Subject
: EFL Methodology
Date
Motivation
Definition
There are a lot of factors which influence success in language learning.
However, one of the most important factors is the learners motivation to
learn the language in order to be able to use it in real-life situations.
Motivation is one of the most important factors in teaching and learning
language. Because of that we as teachers should keep students motivation in
control.
There are some characteristics that dealing with student motivation that
have to know by the teachers such as;
1. Positive task orientation. The learner is willing to tackle tasks and
challenges, and has confidence in his or her success.
The last are Global, situational and task motivation. Global motivation is the
general orientation of the learners to the goals of learning the foreign
language. Situational motivation is the situation in which the learning takes
place (classroom learning, naturalistic learning). Task motivation is the
motivation of the learner to do a particular task.
Initiating and sustaining
All the learners in the classroom do not have the same type and level of
motivation. Some learners may have a very strong motivation to learn the
language, others may have a weaker motivation, and yet others may have
no motivation at all. However, motivation is not static and it can change in
both directions. As motivation is essential in language learning, one of the
tasks of the teacher is to awaken, sustain and strengthen learners
motivation.
There are three areas where teachers behavior can influence learners
motivation:
Goals and goal setting mean that learners who set goals and
expectations for language learning are likely to be motivated to
achieve
sustain their
motivation for achieving their long-term goals by focusing on shortterm goals as they can be attained in a shorter time, so that learners
can see the results which will motivate them to continue to work hard
and corrections.
Interesting classes believes that there is a way of increasing learners
motivation to learn the language is by using a variety of interesting
topics and activities in order to keep learners engaged and interested
in what they are doing in the classroom
Name
: Iman Hilmansyah
Student ID
: 1402203
Subject
: EFL Methodology
Date
The last is attitude is the attitude toward your own country, means that what
you think of your own country, and not just of the country of the target
language speakers, will influence how well you succeed in the foreign
language. The statement means that the foreign learners have to love their
own country, because when they think that they country is important they
will learn seriously not only for language but also for all of the subjects.
Name
: Iman Hilmansyah
Student ID
: 1402203
Subject
: EFL Methodology
Date
the teacher attitude because use the foreign language all the time in the
class called as intolerant ambiguity learners.
monitor their own interlanguage, and the last good learners realize that
learning a language involves affective problems.
Learning strategies
It can be means as specific action taken by the learner to make learning
easier, faster, more enjoyable, more self-directed, more effective, and more
transferable to new situation. in the learning strategies there is one common
element that is the category of metacognitive strategies. The examples of
metacognitive strategies believe that as good learners they have to have
learning strategies such as directed attention, self-management, and
problem identification.