Chapter 2 Notes

Section 1
Conditional- If then statement
Hypothesis-part following if
Conclusion-part following then
Truth value- is true or false according to whether or not the statement is true or false
respectively
Converse-switches the hypothesis and the conclusion

To show that a conditional is true, show that every time the hypothesis is true, the conclusion is
also true. To show that a conditional is false, you need to find only one counterexample for
which the hypothesis is true and the conclusion is false.
Example 1: Identify the hypothesis and conclusion.

Example 2: Write each sentence as a conditional.

Example 3: Draw a Venn diagram to match each sentence.

Section 2
Biconditional-when a conditional and converse are true, you can combine them

Example 1: Write each biconditional.

Section 3
Negation-opposite of its truth value
Inverse-negates both the hypothesis and conclusion
Contrapositive-switches the hypothesis and conclusion and negates both of them

Example 1: Write the negation of each statement.

Example 2: Write the inverse and the contrapositive of each conditional statement.

Section 4
Deductive Reasoning-the process of reasoning logically from given given statements to a
conclusion
Law of Detachment-If pq and p is true, then q is true.
Law of Syllogism-allows you to stat a conclusion from two conditional statements when the
conclusion of one statement is the hypothesis of the other statement.

Example 1: Use the law of detachment to draw a conclusion.

Example 2: Use the Law of Syllogism to draw a conclusion.

Section 5

Example 1: Fill in the reason for each step.