TIU CHUN QUC GIA

TCVN 6396-72:2010
EN 81-72:2003
YU CU AN TON V CU TO V LP T THANG MY P DNG RING CHO THANG
MY CH NGI V THANG MY CH NGI V HNG PHN 72: THANG MY CHA
CHY
Safety rules for the constructions and installation of lifts - Particular applications for passenger
and goods passenger lifts - Part 72: Firefighters lifts
Li ni u
TCVN 6396-72:2010 hon ton tng ng EN 81-72:2003 vi nhng thay i bin tp cho
php.
TCVN 6396-72:2010 do Ban k thut tiu chun quc gia TCVN/TC 178 Thang my bin son,
Tng cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng ngh, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh cng b.
B tiu chun TCVN 6396 (EN 81), Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my, gm cc
phn sau:
- TCVN 6395:2008, Thang my in Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t.
- TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998), Thang my thy lc Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp
t.
- TCVN 6396-3:2010 (EN 81-3:2000), Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my Phn 3:
Thang my ch hng dn ng in v thy lc
- TCVN 6396-58:2010 (EN 81-58:2003), Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my Kim
tra v th - Phn 58: Th tnh chu la ca ca tng.
- TCVN 6396-72:2010 (EN 81-72:2003), Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my p
dng ring cho thang my ch ngi v thang my ch ngi v hng Phn 72: Thang my
cha chy
- TCVN 6396-73:2010 (EN 81-73:2005), Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my p
dng ring cho thang my ch ngi v thang my ch ngi v hng Phn 73: Trng thi
ca thang my trong trng hp c chy.
B tiu chun EN 81, Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my, cn cc phn sau:
- EN 81-28:2003 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Remote alarm on
passenger and goods passenger lifts.
- EN 81-70:2003 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Particular applications
for passenger and goods passenger lifts Accessibility to lifts for persons including persons with
disability.
- EN 81-71:2005 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Particular applications
to passenger lifts and goods passenger lifts Vandal resistant lifts.
- EN 81-80:2003 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Existing lifts Rules for
the improvement of safety of existing passenger and goods passenger lifts.
0 Li gii thiu
Tiu chun ny l mt tiu chun loi C nh trnh by trong EN 1070.
My mc c lin quan v mc nguy him i vi chng, tnh trng nguy him v cc bin c
c th c c ch ra trong phm vi ca tiu chun ny. Khi cc iu khon ca tiu chun loi C
ny khc vi iu khon c trnh by trong cc tiu chun loi A hoc loi B th cc iu

khon ca tiu chun loi C ny c u tin s dng so vi cc iu khon ca cc tiu chun

khc cho cc thang my c thit k v lp t theo cc iu khon ca tiu chun loi C
ny.
Cc gi thuyt sau y c s dng khi bin son tiu chun ny:
0.1 Hnh lang phng chy v ging thang c thit k hn ch s thm nhp ca khi;
0.2 Cu trc ca ta nh gii hn dng nc chy vo ging thang;
0.3 Thang my cu ha khng phi l ng thot him nh l cc cu thang v.v;
0.4 Mt thang my cu ha tip cn ti mi tng c hnh lang phng chy. Tiu chun ny ch
bao gm cc yu cu c lin quan n lp t thang my. N khng quy nh cc yu cu i vi
cu trc chng chy ca ta nh ch yu dng lm hnh lang phng chy;
0.5 c s thng lng gia ngi ch s hu/khch hng v nh lp t v:
a) d nh s dng thang my;
b) cc iu kin v mi trng;
c) cc vn v k thut xy dng dn dng; v
d) cc kha cnh khc c lin quan n a im lp t v vic cu ngi t bn trong cabin.
CH THCH: Cc nh u t v kin trc s s cn tnh n cc quy nh ca quc gia v xy
dng trong vic cung cp cu trc chng chy thch hp ca ta nh, cc hnh lang phng chy,
cc h thng pht hin v dp tt m chy. Cc v d c nu trong cc Ph lc B v Ph lc
E.
YU CU AN TON V CU TO V LP T THANG MY P DNG RING CHO
THANG MY CH NGI V THANG MY CH NGI V HNG PHN 72: THANG
MY CHA CHY
Safety rules for the constructions and installation of lifts - Particular applications for
passenger and goods passenger lifts - Part 72: Firefighters lifts
1 Phm vi p dng
1.1 Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc thang my cha chy theo nh ngha trong 3.5 c trang b
hnh lang phng chy.
1.2 Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho:
- thang my hai tng;
- thang my c lp t trong cc ta nh;
- s sa cha quan trng cho thang my lp t trc khi cng b tiu chun ny;
- thang my c hai li vo m hnh lang phng chy ca thang my cha chy khng c b tr
cng mt pha vi hnh lang ca li vo phc v cha chy.
Tuy nhin tiu chun ny c th c s dng lm c s.
1.3 Tiu chun ny x l cc mi nguy quan trng, cc tnh trng v bin c nguy him c lin
quan n cc thang my cha chy (nh nu trong iu 4) khi chng c s dng v trong cc
iu kin m nh lp t thy c.
1.4 Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc thang my cha chy mi, c lp t sau ngy cng b
tiu chun ny.
1.5 Tiu chun ny a ra cc yu cu b sung hoc cc yu cu khc vi TCVN 6395:2008,
TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2), EN 81-5, EN 81-6 v EN 81-7 c th s dng c cho cc
thang my dng cha chy v cu ngi khi ta nh di s iu khin ca lnh cha chy.

V tt c cc mt khc, cc thang my c thit k ph hp vi TCVN 6395:2008, TCVN 63962:2009 (EN 81-2), EN 81-5, EN 81-6 v EN 81-7 khi c th p dng c.
1.6 Tiu chun ny khng xem xt n vic s dng cc thang my c ging thang c bao
bc kn mt phn s dng lm thang my cha chy.
1.7 Khng p dng tiu chun ny nu cui cng m chy cng t nhp vo hnh lang phng
chy (xem Ph lc A, Hnh A.2).
CH THCH: Khi nim v cha chy c nu trong Ph lc A.
2 Ti liu vin dn
Cc ti liu vin dn sau rt cn thit cho vic p dng tiu chun ny. i vi cc ti liu vin
dn c ghi nm cng b th p dng phin bn nu. i vi cc ti liu khng ghi nm cng
b th p dng phin bn mi nht, bao gm c cc sa i, b sung (nu c).
TCVN 6395:2008, Thang my in Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t.
TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998), Thang my thy lc Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp
t.
TCVN 6396-73:2009 (EN 81-73-2002), Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my - ng
dng ring cho thang my ch ngi v thang my ch ngi v hng Phn 73: Trng thi
ca thang my trong trng hp c chy.
TCVN 7628-1:2007 (ISO 4190-1:1999), Lp t thang my Phn 1: Thang my loi I, II, III v
VI).
TCVN 7301-1:2008 (ISO 14121-1:2007/EN 1050:1996), An ton my Nguyn tc nh gi ri
ro.
EN 81-5:1999, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts and service lifts Part 5:
Screw lifts (Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my Phn 5: Thang my trc vt).
EN 81-6:1999, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts and service lifts Part 6:
Giuided chain lifts (Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my Phn 6: Thang my xch
c dn hng).
EN 81-7:1999, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts and service lifts and service
lifts Part 7: Rack and pinion lifts (Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my Phn 7:
Thang my bnh rng v thang rng).
EN 81-70:2003, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Particular applications
for passenger and goods passenger lifts Part 70: Accessibility to lifts for persons including
persons with disability (Yu cu an ton v cu to v lp t thang my - ng dng ring cho
thang my ch ngi v thang my ch ngi v hng Phn 70: Kh nng tip cn thang my
ca ngi bao gm c ngi khuyt tt).
EN 81-71:2002, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Paricular applications to
passenger lifts and goods passenger lifts Part 71: Vandal reisistant lifts (Yu cu an ton v
cu to v lp t thang my - ng dng ring cho thang my ch ngi v thang my ch
ngi v hng Phn 71: Thang my chng k ph hoi).
EN 131-1:1993, Ladders Term, types, functional sizes (Thang Thut ng, kiu, kch thc
chc nng).
EN 1070:1998, Safety of machinery Terminology (An ton my Thut ng).
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of proteciton provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989 + A1
1999) (Mc bo v do cc ro chn (m IP) cung cp)
3 Thut ng v nh ngha

Tiu chun ny p dng cc thut ng v nh ngha c cho trong EN 1070:1998, TCVN

6395:2008 (EN 81-1:1998), TCVN 6393-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998) v cc thut ng, nh ngha
sau:
3.1
H thng iu khin (control system)
H thng p ng cho tn hiu vo v to ra tn hiu ra lm cho thit b c iu khin vn
hnh theo cch mong mun.
3.2
S tn (evacuation)
S di chuyn c t chc v kim sot ngi trong ta nh t vng nguy him ti vng an ton.
S tn c th l s di chuyn ngi t tng n ti tng kia v khng nht thit l phi di chuyn
ngi ra ngoi ta nh.
3.3
Tng s tn (evacuation levels)
Tng c b tr cc li thot ra ca ta nh dng s tn ngi. Tng ny khng nht thit phi
l tng phc v cha chy.
3.4
Ngn phng chy (fire compartment)
Ngn phng chy l phn c ngn ra ca ta nh bng cc tng (vch) v/hoc cc sn
nhm mc ch gii hn s lan rng ca m chy v cc kh nng trong ta nh.
3.5
Thang my cha chy (firefighter lift)
Thang my c lp t ch yu phc v hnh khch vi s bo v b sung, cc thit b iu
khin v tn hiu c iu khin trc tip bi i cha chy.
3.6
Phng chy cha chy (fire protection)
Phng cha chy cha chy bao gm cc bin php ngn nga s bng n v lan rng ra
ca m chy trong mi trng hp bo v cc ng thot him v bo m s cha chy
c hiu qu bao gm vic xc nh sc chu la, ti ca m chy v trng thi ca vt liu xy
dng v kt cu trong qu trnh xy ra m chy.
3.7
Cng tc ca thang my cha chy (firefighters lift switch)
Mt cng tc c b tr ti mc li vo phc v cha chy, bn ngoi ging thang u tin
phc v cho lnh cha chy.
3.8
Tng tip cn phc v cha chy (fire service access level)
Tng c li vo trong ta nh dng cho lnh cha chy tip cn thang my cha chy
3.9
Hnh lang phng chy (fire protected lobby)
Mi trng phng chy cung cp li vo c bo v t khu vc ang s dng ca ta nh n
thang my cha chy.

4 Danh mc cc mi nguy chnh

4.1 iu ny cha ng tt c cc mi nguy chnh, cc tnh trng v bin c nguy him cn
c x l trong tiu chun ny, c nhn dng bng nh gi ri ro l ng k i vi kiu
thang my ny v cn c hnh ng loi b hoc gim ri ro.
4.2 Cc mi nguy chnh c cp trong tiu chun ny c nu trong cc Bng 1 v Bng 2
di y.
Bng 1 Danh mc mi nguy chnh v tnh trng nguy him Mi trng
Mi nguy chnh v tnh trng nguy him Mi trng

Thng tin trong tiu chun

ny

Ngn la/nhit/kh nng c th lan rng vo trong 0.1, 0.4, 5.1

ging thang/bung my

Thit b thang my b phi ra hoc b cn tr

Thang my khng s dng c na i vi lnh 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 5.1, 5.7

cha chy

Lnh cu ha n chm qu 2 min

0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 5.1, 5.7

Dng nc chy vo ging thang

0.2

S mc kt trn hnh lang phng chy do h

hng thang my

0.3, 0.4

Mi trng khng an ton i vi lnh cu

ha/ngi i c gii cu

0.3, 0.4

S sp ca kt cu trc khi lnh cha chy

gii quyt xong cng vic vi thang my

0.4

Khng c thang my cha chy hoc thang

my cha chy khng c b tr ng lnh
cha chy di chuyn trong ta nh

0.5

0.1, 0.4, 5.1

Bng 2 Danh mc mi nguy chnh v tnh trng nguy him Thang my cha chy
TCVN 7301-1:2008 (ISO 14121- Mi nguy chnh v tnh trng Cc yu cu v cc iu trong
1/EN 1050)
nguy him theo TCVN 7301tiu chun ny
1:2008 (ISO 14121-1/EN 1050)
i vi thang my cha chy,
bao gm c tnh trng nguy
him 1 ca Bng 1
1.5
5.8.6
9

Cc mi nguy chung i vi
thang my

5.1, 5.2.1, 5.8.3, 5.8.4

Mi nguy mc kt

5.2.2, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9,

5.10, 5.11, 5.12

Lnh cha chy n chm qu 2 5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.6, 5.8, 5.10, 5.11,
min
5.12.3, 6, 7
S kt hp ca cc mi nguy

5.8.7, 5.8.8, 5.8.9

10.1

H hng hoc trc trc ca b 5.3, 5.4, 5.7, 5.8.5, 5.11.1,

iu khin
5.11.2, 5.12.3

8.6

Li ca con ngi, do hnh vi

ca con ngi

5.12

8.7

Kt cu, v tr hoc s nhn

5.8.1, 5.8.2, 5.11.3

dng cc c cu iu khin
bng tay khng tha ng
13

Ghi nhn khng y

5.11.4

H hng ca ngun in cung 5.10

cp

4.3 Cc mi nguy quan trng sau khng c cp trong tiu chun ny ( tham kho, xem
li gii thiu).
a) khng c thang my cha chy hoc khng c thang my cha chy c b tr ng
cho lnh cha chy di chuyn ln ta nh;
b) mc kt trong hnh lang do thang my khng lm vic;
c) c la chy trong ging thang ca thang my cu ha, hnh lang phng chy, bung my
hoc cabin;
d) s sp ca kt cu trc khi lnh cha chy gii quyt xong cng vic vi cc thang my;
e) khng c du hiu nhn bit ti bt c tng no.
5 Yu cu an ton v/hoc cc bin php bo v
5.1 Cc yu cu i vi mi trng/ta nh
5.1.1 Thang my cha chy c b tr trong ging thang c mt hnh lang chy i din vi
mi ca tng. Din tch ca mi hnh lang phng chy c quy nh theo cc yu cu v vn
chuyn cc cng ti thng v v tr ca cc ca trong mi trng hp. Xem Ph lc B v Ph
lc E.
CH THCH: Mc chu la ca tng v cc ca ca mi trng c xc nh bi cc quy
nh ca quc gia.
Nu c cc thang my khc trong cng mt ging thang th ton b ging thang chung phi p
ng cc yu cu v sc chu la ca cc h ging thang thang my cha chy. Mc ca sc
chu la ny cng phi p dng cho cc ca ca hnh lang phng chy v phng my (xem Ph
lc B). Khi khng c tng chu la trung gian ngn cch thang my cha chy vi cc thang
my khc trong mt ging thang chung th tt c cc thang my v thit b in ca chng phi
c cng mt s phng chy nh thang my cha chy bo m s vn hnh ng ca thang
my cha chy.
5.1.2 Thang my phi c thit k vn hnh ng theo cc iu kin sau:
a) cc thit b in/in t iu khin v cc b ch th im dng tng phi tip tc vn hnh
lnh cha chy c th pht hin c ni cabin li lm nhim v gii cu, v d ni cabin
b kt li khi lm vic trong phm vi nhit mi trng t 0 o n 65 o trong khong thi gian
bng thi gian yu cu i vi kt cu, chng hn, 2h;
b) tt c cc linh kin in/in t khc ca thang my cha chy khng trong hnh lang
phng chy phi c thit k vn hnh ng trong phm vi nhit mi trng t 0 oC n
40 oC;
c) phi bo m s vn hnh ng ca thit b iu khin thang my trong cc ging thang cha
y khi v/hoc cc phng my trong khong thi gian bng thi gian yu cu i vi kt cu,
v d, 2h.
5.1.3 Mi li vo im dng tng c s dng cho mc ch cha chy c mt hnh lang
phng chy.
5.1.4 Khi thang my cha chy c mt cabin vi hai li vo th bt c ca tng no ca thang
my khng c nh s dng cho lnh cha chy phi c bo v sao cho chng khng b phi
ra trc nhit vt qu 65oC (xem Ph lc B, Hnh B.3).

5.1.5 iu kin tin quyt l ngun cung cp in ph phi c b tr trong khu vc c

phng chy.
5.1.6 Cc cp in ca cc ngun cung cp in chnh v ph ca thang my cha chy phi
c phng chy v c cch ly vi nhau v vi cc ngun cung cp in khc.
5.2 Cc yu cu c bn ca thang my cha chy
5.2.1 Thang my cha chy phi c thit k ph hp vi TCVN 6395:2008 v TCVN 63962:2009 (EN 81-2) v EN 81-5, EN 81-6 v EN 81-7 v c s bo v b sung, cc thit b iu
khin v tn hiu.
CH THCH: Thang my cha chy c s dng di s iu khin trc tip ca i cha
chy trong trng hp xy ra chy.
5.2.2 Thang my cha chy phi phc v cho mi tng ca ta nh.
5.2.3 Kch thc ca thang my cha chy phi c u tin la chn t TCVN 7628-1 (ISO
4190-1). Trong bt c trng hp no, kch thc chiu rng khng c nh hn 1100 mm,
kch thc chiu su khng c nh hn 1400 mm v ti trng nh mc khng c nh hn
630 kg nh quy nh trong TCVN 7628-1 (ISO 4190-1), xem thm 0.5.
Chiu rng nh nht ca li vo cabin phi l 800 mm.
Khi thang my cha chy c s dng c tnh n s tn ngi khi m chy v c s dng
bng ca hoc ging hoc c thit k nh mt thang my cha chy c hai li vo th ti
trng danh nh nh nht phi l 1000 kg v kch thc chiu rng ca cabin phi l 1100 mm v
chiu su ca cabin phi l 2100 mm nh quy nh trong TCVN 7628-1 (ISO 4190-1). Xem
thm 0.5.
CH THCH: i vi quy nh ca quc gia v thang my cha chy, c th n nh cc kch
thc v ti trng nh mc ca cabin ln hn theo TCVN 7628-1 (ISO 4190-1).
5.2.4 Thang my cha chy phi i ti tng cao nht so vi tng phc v cha chy trong thi
gian 60 s, cng xem 0.5, tnh t lc sau khi ng cc ca ca thang my.
5.3 Bo v trnh nc i vi thit b in
5.3.1 Thit b in trong ging thang ca thang my cha chy v trn cabin, c b tr trong
phm vi 1,0 m i vi bt c thnh ging thang no c cha ca tng, phi c bo v trnh b
nc nh git hoc trnh tia nc phun hoc c trang b cc v bao che c cp bo v t nht
l IPX3 theo EN 60529:1991 (xem Ph lc D).
5.3.2 Bt c thit b in no c b tr cch sn h ging thang nh hn 1,0 phi c bo v
ti cp IP67. Khc vi cc yu cu ca TCVN 6395:2008 v TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998),
cm v n chiu sang thp nht ca ging thang cng phi c b tr cch mc nc cho
php cao nht trong h ging thang t nht l 0,5m.
5.3.3 Thit b trong bung my bn ngoi ging thang v trong h ging thang phi c bo v
trnh s c do nc gy ra.
5.3.4 Phi c cc phng tin thch hp trong h ging thang bo m rng nc s khng
dng ln trn mc ca gim chn c nn li hon ton.
5.3.5 Phi c cc bin php ngn nga mc nc trong h ging thang vn ti thit b gy ra
s trc trc ca thang my cha chy.
5.4 Gii cu cc lnh cha chy b mc kt trong cabin
Xem cc v d trong Ph lc G v khi nim gii cu, cng xem 0.5.
5.4.1 Phi c mt ca sp khn cp trn nc ca cabin vi cc kch thc nh nht 0,5 x 0,7 m
ngoi tr thang my 630 kg ca sp phi c cc kch thc ti thiu l 0,4m x 0,5m.

5.4.2 Ca sp khn cp phi ph hp vi TCVN 6395:2008 v TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 812:1998).

Li vo bn trong cabin qua ca sp khng c c vt c nh hoc n chiu sng cn tr.
Khi c lp trn theo th trn ny phi m ra c hoc tho ra c mt cch d dng m khng
phi dng n cc dng c chuyn dng. Cc im tho phi c nhn bit r rng t bn
trong cabin.
5.4.3 Gii cu t bn ngoi cabin
C th s dng cc phng tin gii cu nh
a) cc thang c nh ph hp vi TCVN 6395:2008 v TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998) c
b tr pha trn cc ngng ca ca li vo tng dng trong khong 0,75m;
b) cc thang xch tay;
c) cc thang dy;
d) cc h thng cp an ton;
CH THCH: Tt c cc phng tin ny do nh chc trch a phng chu trch nhim, khng
phi ca nh sn xut thang my.
Cc im kp cht an ton dng cho cc phng tin gii cu phi sn c ln cn mi tng
dng.
Cc phng tin phi cho php tip cn nc cabin mt cch an ton bt k khong cch t
ngng ca tng dng gn nht c th tip cn c n nc cabin.
5.4.4 T gii cu t bn trong cabin
Phi c li tip cn c th m ca thot him ra hon ton t bn trong cabin, v d nh bng
cch to ra cc bc thch hp trong cabin vi cao ln nht ca bc l 0,4m. Bt c bc no
cng phi c kh nng c ti trng 1200N.
Khi s dng cc thang th chng phi ph hp vi EN 131 v c nh v sao cho c th s
dng c mt cch an ton.
Khong trng gia bt c bc thang no v tng thng ng t nht phi l 0,1m.
S phi hp ca thang cng vi kch thc v v tr ca ca sp phi cho php mt ngi lnh
cha chy i qua.
Phi c mt s n gin hoc biu tng bn trong ging thang ti mi li vo tng dng,
gn vi kha ch r cch m kha ca tng.
5.4.5 Nu c trang b thang cng th thang ny phi c lp vo bn ngoi cabin dng cho
mc ch gii cu. Phi trang b mt thit b in an ton ph hp vi TCVN 6395:2008 v TCVN
6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998) m bo rng thang my khng di chuyn nu thang c tho
ra khi ni ct gi ca n.
5.4.6 Khi c trang b thang th v tr ct gi thang phi c la chn trnh to ra mi nguy
ngt (in) trong qu trnh bo dng bnh thng.
5.4.7 Khi c trang b thang th chiu di nh nht ca thang phi bo m sao cho khi cabin v
tr ngang bng vi tng dng c th kha c ca tng ca tng dng pha trn. Khi khng th
c c mt thang nh trn c lp t trn cabin th phi s dng mt thang c lp t c
nh vi ging thang.
5.5 D tr
5.6 Ca cabin v ca tng
Phi s dng ca cabin v ca tng trt theo phng nm ngang c vn hnh t ng.
5.7 My ca thang my v thit b gn lin

5.7.1 Bt c ngn no c cha my ca thang my v thit b gn lin vi my phi c t nht l

cng mt cp phng chy nh cho i vi ging thang.
5.7.2 Bt c bung my no c b tr bn ngoi ging thang v bn ngoi khu phng chy
cng phi c bo v vi t nht l cng mt sc chu la nh khu phng chy. Bt c mi ni
no (v d, mi ni cp, mi ni bng ng thy lc v.v) gia cc khu phng chy cng phi
c bo v tng t nh vy.
5.8 H thng iu khin
5.8.1 Cng tc ca thang my cha chy phi c b tr trong hnh lang c d nh s dng
lm tng phc v cha chy. Cng tc phi c b tr cch thang my cha chy trong phm vi
2 m theo phng nm ngang v cao so vi mc sn t 1,8m n 2,1 m. Cng tc phi
c ghi nhn vi mt hnh minh ha ca thang my cha chy ph hp vi Ph lc F.
5.8.2 Cng tc ca thang my cha chy phi c vn ng cha m kha hnh tam gic m
kha khn cp nh quy nh trong Ph lc B ca TCVN 6395:2008 v TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN
81-2:1998). Cc v tr lm vic ca cng tc phi l hai v tr n nh v c ghi du r rng 1
v 0. v tr 1 ch phc v ca lnh cha chy c khi to.
S phc v ny c hai pha; i vi chc nng ca pha 1, xem 5.8.7 v i vi pha 2, xem 5.8.8.
C th s dng mt b iu khin b sung bn ngoi hoc tn hiu vo ch a thang my
cha chy t ng tr tng phc v cha chy (xem iu 0.5) v gi cho thang my cha chy
tng ny vi cc ca c m. Cng tc ca thang my cha chy vn phi c vn hnh
ti v tr 1 hon thnh hot ng ca pha 1.
5.8.3 Khi vn hnh cng tc ca thang my cha chy, tt c cc thit b an ton ca thang my
(in v c) phi hot ng tr cc thit b o chiu ca c nu trong cc pha 1 v 2.5.8.7 c)
v 5.8.8 f).
5.8.4 Cng tc ca thang my cha chy khng c php b qua s iu khin kim tra theo
TCVN 6395:2008 v 14.2.1.3, TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998), cc cng tc dng theo TCVN
6395:2008 v 14.2.2, TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998) hoc s vn hnh in khn cp theo
TCVN 6395:2008.
5.8.5 Khi phc v cha chy, chc nng ca thang my khng c chu nh hng ca s trc
trc v in ca b iu khin gi tng ti im dng tng hoc cc b phn khc ca h thng
iu khin thang my c b tr bn ngoi ging thang.
Khng c li sai st no v in trn bt c thang my no khc c b tr trong cng mt
nhm vi thang my cha chy c php nh hng n s vn hnh ca thang my cha
chy.
5.8.6 m bo rng cc lnh cha chy khng b qu chm tr do s iu khin ang c
thc hin ca thang my, phi c mt tn hiu m thanh pht ra trong cabin khi thi gian dng
thc t ca ca vt qu 2 min. Sau thi gian ny cc ca s c th ng li vi cng gim
i v tn hiu m thanh c loi b khi cc ca c ng li hon ton. Mc ca m thanh
cnh bo phi c iu chnh trong khong t 35 dB (A) n 65 dB (A), c t ti 55 dB (A)
v phi c phn bit vi cc cnh bo bng m thanh khc ca thang my. c im ny ch
c din ra trong pha 1.
5.8.7 Pha 1: S gi v u tin i vi thang my cha chy
Pha ny c th c khi to bng tay hoc t ng
S khi to ny phi bo m cc yu cu sau:
a) tt c cc iu khin ti tng dng v iu khin trong cabin ca thang my cu ha phi
ngng hot ng v tt c cc cuc gi ng k hin c phi c hy;
b) ca c m v cc nt bo ng khn cp phi v tr hot ng;

c) cc thit b o chiu ca dng cho cc thang my cha chy c th b nh hng bi khi v

nhit phi c a v v tr khng hot ng cho php ng cc ca li;
d) thang my cha chy phi vn hnh c lp vi tt c cc thang my khc trong nhm;
e) khi i ti tng phc v cha chy, thang my cha chy phi c gi li y vi ca cabin
v ca tng c gi v tr m;
f) h thng thng tin lin lc phc v cha chy nh quy nh trong 5.12 phi hot ng;
g) tn hiu bng m thanh trong 5.8.6 phi pht ra lc bt u Pha 1, khi thang my ang c
iu khin kim tra. Khi c trang b, h thng lin lc ni b quy nh trong TCVN
6395:2008 v TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2:1998) phi c khi ng. Tn hiu phi c xa
b khi thang my cha chy khi ch iu khin kim tra;
h) thang my cha chy khi di chuyn khi tng phc v cha chy phi dng bnh thng c
vi ca khng m ti tng gn nht c th v tr v tng phc v cha chy;
i) n ca ging thang v phng my phi t ng chiu sng khi khi ng cng tc ca thang
my cha chy.
5.8.8 Pha 2: S dng thang my di s iu khin ca lnh cha chy
Sau khi thang my cha chy li ti tng phc v cha chy vi cc ca c m th vic
iu khin s c thc hin hon ton t bng iu khin ca cabin v phi m bo cc yu
cu sau:
a) khi pha 1 c bt u bi mt tn hiu bn ngoi th thang my cha chy khng c
hot ng ti khi cng tc ca thang my cha chy c vn hnh;
b) khng th ng k ng thi nhiu hn mt cuc gi cabin;
c) trong khi cabin ang di chuyn, c th ng k mt cuc gi mi t bn trong cabin. Cuc gi
trc y phi c hy. Cabin phi di chuyn trong thi gian ngn nht ti tng c lnh mi;
d) lnh gi cabin phi lm cho cabin di chuyn v dng li vi cc ca vn ng ti tng c
la chn;
e) nu cabin ang ng yn ti mt tng dng, phi c kh nng iu khin vic m cc ca ch
bng cch tc dng p lc khng i trn nt n m ca ca cabin. Nu nt n m ca ca
cabin c nh ra trc khi cc ca c m hon ton th cc ca phi t ng ng li. Khi
cc ca c m hon ton th chng phi duy tr v tr m ti khi mt lnh mi c ng k
trn bng iu khin ca cabin;
f) cc thit b o chiu ca ca cabin v nt n m ca (tr cc thit b quy nh trong 5.8.7 c))
phi trng thi khng hot ng nh trong Pha 1;
g) thang my cha chy phi c a v tng phc v cha chy bng cch chuyn mch
cng tc ca thang my cha chy t 1 n 0 (trong thi gian ti a l 5s) v tr v 1 lp
li Pha 1. Khng p dng yu cu ny khi cng tc thang my cha chy c trang b trong
cabin nh quy nh trong h) di y;
h) khi c trang b mt cng tc b sung dng c cha kha trong cabin ca thang my cha chy
th phi ghi du bng hnh minh ha cho cng tc ny v ch r cc v tr 0 v 1. Cha kha ch
c tho ra v tr 0.
Cng tc c cha kha phi vn hnh nh sau:
1) khi thang my ang c iu khin cha chy t cng tc tng phc v cha chy, cng
tc c cha kha trong cabin phi c chuyn mch ti v tr 1 bt u chuyn ng ca
cabin;
2) khi thang my ang mt tng khc khng tng phc v cha chy v cng tc c cha
kha trong cabin c a v v tr 0 th chuyn ng thm na ca cabin c ngn chn v
cc ca vn gi v tr m.

i) lnh cabin phi c ch bo nhn thy bng mt thng trn bng iu khin ca cabin;
j) v tr ca cabin phi c ch ra trong cabin v ti tng phc v cha chy khi s dng ngun
cp in bnh thng hoc ngun cp in khn cp;
k) thang my phi li tng dng va i n cho ti khi c mt mt cuc gi khc t cabin c
ng k;
l) h thng thng tin lin lc phc v cha chy quy nh trong 5.12 phi trng thi hot
ng trong qu trnh din ra Pha 2;
m) khi cc cng tc ca thang my cha chy c a v v tr 0, h thng iu khin thang
my ch tr li trng thi phc v bnh thng sau khi thang my tr v tng phc v cha
chy.
5.8.9 Khi mt thang my cha chy c hai li vo v cc hnh lang phng chy ca thang my
cha chy u c b tr trn cng mt pha vi tng phc v cha chy th phi tun theo cc
yu cu b sung sau:
a) phi c cc bng iu khin trong cabin, lin k vi ca trc v ca sau ca cabin:
- mt trong cc bng iu khin ny phc v cho s dng bnh thng ca hnh khch;
- Bng iu khin ca lnh cha chy lin k vi mt hnh lang phng chy (xem Ph lc B) ch
dng cho lnh cha chy v phi c ghi du vi hnh minh ha ca thang my cha chy (Ph
lc F).
CH THCH: EN 81-70 khng p dng cho bng iu khin ca thang my cha chy ny.
b) cc nt n ca bng iu khin hnh khch s dng bnh thng phi trng thi khng
hot ng, tr cc nt n m ca v bo ng, khi Pha 1 c bt u;
c) bng iu khin ca lnh cha chy lin k vi mt thang my cha chy c a vo hot
ng khi bt u Pha 2;
d) tt c cc ca tng khng dng cho lnh cha chy phi gi trng thi ng ti khi thang
my tr li hot ng bnh thng. Quyt nh v vic cc ca c gi trng thi ng hay
khng ty thuc vo thit k xy dng, xem 0.5;
e) tt c ca tng ra cc hnh lang phng chy ca thang my cha chy phi c a vo
hot ng ti khi thang my tr li hot ng bnh thng.
5.9 Ngun in cung cp cho thang my cha chy
5.9.1 H thng in cung cp cho thang my v chiu sng phi gm c cc ngun in cung
cp chnh v ph (khn cp, d phng, lun phin). Mc phng chy t nht phi bng mc
phng chy i vi ging thang (xem Ph lc C).
5.9.2 Ngun in cung cp ph phi chy thang my cha chy ti trng nh mc v
tha mn yu cu v thi gian c nu trong 5.2.4.
5.10 S chuyn i ngun in cung cp
p dng cc yu cu sau:
a) khng cn thit phi vn hnh iu chnh;
b) khi ngun in cung cp c thit lp li, thang my phi sn sng lm vic. Nu thang
my cn di chuyn thit lp v tr ca n th khng c di chuyn nhiu hn hai tng v phi
hng v tng phc v cha chy v ch th v tr ca n.
5.11 Cc thit b iu khin cabin v tng dng
5.11.1 Cc thit b iu khin cabin v tng dng v h thng iu khin gn lin khng c
ng k cc tn hiu sai do nh hng ca nhit, khi hoc m t.

5.11.2 Cc thit b iu khin cabin v tng dng, cc bng hin th trong cabin v tng dng v
cng tc ca thang my cha chy phi c bo v vi cp bo v t nht l IPX3 theo EN
60529:1991.
Cc bng iu khin tng dng phi c bo v vi cp bo v t nht l IPX3 theo EN
60529:1991, tr khi chng c ngt in lc bt u vn hnh cng tc ca thang my cha
chy.
5.11.3 Trong khi iu khin Pha 2, thang my cu ha phi c vn hnh bng mt b y
cc nt n trong cabin. Cc h thng vn hnh khc phi c a v trng thi khng hot
ng.
5.11.4 Ngoi vic nh du tng thng thng trong cabin, phi c s ch dn r rng tng phc
v cha chy trn hoc lin k vi nt n ca cabin dng cho tng phc v cha chy bng
hnh minh ha trong Ph lc F.
5.12 H thng thng tin lin lc phc v cha chy
5.12.1 Thang my cu ha phi c mt h thng lin lc ni b hoc mt thit b tng t dng
ni chuyn vi nhau khi m thang my cu ha ang trong cc Pha 1 v Pha 2, gia cabin
ca thang my cha chy v:
a) tng phc v cha chy; v
b) bung my ca thang my cha chy hoc trong trng hp thang my khng c bung my,
ti cc bng vn hnh khn cp nh quy nh trong TCVN 6395:2008 v TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN
81-2:1998). Khi c bung my th micro ch hot ng bng cch n vo mt nt n iu khin
trn micro.
5.12.2 Thit b thng tin lin lc bn trong cabin v ti tng phc v cha chy phi l mt micro
v loa m khng phi l mt my in thoi c nh.
5.12.3 ng dy dng cho h thng thng tin lin lc phi c lp t bn trong ging thang.
5.13 Khu vc d b ph hoi
Khi mt thang my cu ha c lp t trong mt khu vc/ta nh d b ph hoi th phi p
dng cc yu cu ca EN 81-71.
6 Kim tra cc yu cu an ton v/hoc cc bin php bo v
Phi kim tra cc yu cu v bin php an ton ti iu 5 v iu 7 ca tiu chun ny theo
Bng 3.
Bng 3 Bng kim tra
iu
5.2.1
5.2.2

Kim tra bng Tun theo thit

mt thng
k thang b

o c

Kim tra ti
liu thit k d

Th chc
nng e

Xem trong TCVN 6395:2008 (EN 81-1), TCVN 6396-2:2009 (EN 81-2), prEN 815, prEN 81-6, prEN 81-7
X

5.2.3

5.2.4

5.3.1

5.3.2

5.3.3

5.3.4

5.3.5

5.4

5.6

5.7

X
X

5.8.1

5.8.2

5.8.3

5.8.4

5.5.5

5.8.6

5.8.7

5.8.8 a,b,c,d,e,f

5.8.8 g
5.8.8 h

5.8.8 l, j, k, l, m
5.8.9

5.10

X
X

X
X

X
X

5.11.1

5.11.2

5.11.3

5.11.4

5.12
7

X
X
X

X
X

CH THCH: Khi ngi lp t s dng mt loi sn phm c kim tra th php th v kim
tra s theo quy nh trong ti liu ca sn phm.
a

Cc kt qu kim tra bng mt thng ch ch ra s hin din ca mt iu g (v d, mt

nhn mc, mt bng iu khin, sch hng dn), vic ghi nhn cn p ng yu cu v ni
dung ca cc ti liu c giao cho ngi ch s hu l ph hp vi cc yu cu.
b

Cc kt qu ca vic tun theo thit k thang my l chng minh rng thang my c lp

rp theo thit k v cc b phn/c cu theo cc ti liu thit k.
c

Kt qu ca php o l ch ra cc rng cc thng s o cng b c p ng.

Kt qu ca vic kim tra ti liu thit k l chng minh rng cc yu cu thit k ca tiu
chun c p ng trn giy t trong ti liu thit k (v d, s b tr, yu cu k thut).
e

Kt qu th chc nng l ch ra rng thang my lm vic theo d nh, bao gm c cc thit

b an ton.
7 Thng tin s dng
Phi cung cp thng tin cho s dng
7.1 Khc vi mt thang my thng thng, thang my cha chy phi c thit k vn hnh
vi iu kin l khi c m chy trong mt hoc nhiu b phn ca ta nh. Thang my c th
c s dng nh mt thang my ch ngi (hnh khch) trong trng hp khng c m

chy. gim ri ro b tc ngn li vo khi thang my c yu cu vn hnh cho dch v cha

chy, nn hn ch s dng thang my cha chy vn chuyn ph thi v hng ha.
7.2 Ngi lp t thang my phi cung cp cho ngi ch s hu cc ti liu hng dn bao
gm cc ni dung chi tit c nu trong Bng 4 di y.
Bng 4 Thng tin cho s dng
iu

Thng tin

5.1

Cc yu cu v mi trng/ta nh (v d, nhit lm vic, cc mi nguy

chnh khng c cp)

5.2

Cc yu cu c bn ca thang my cha chy (v d, kch thc ca cabin v

s dng)

5.4

Gii cu cc lnh cha chy b mc kt trong cabin (v d, cc khi nim v

gii cu. lm r v d, xem 7.3 v 7.4)

5.8

Cc h thng iu khin (v d, m t cc chc nng)

5.9

Cc ngun in cung cp cho thang my cha chy (v d, nhim v ca

ngi ch s hu t chc bo dng).

5.10

Chuyn i cc ngun in cung cp (v d, nhim v ca ngi ch s hu

t chc bo dng)

5.12

H thng thng tin lin lc phc v cha chy (v d, th nghim nh k)

7.3 Quy trnh gii cu t bn ngoi

a) lnh cha chy m ca tng pha trn cabin dng v i ln nc cabin;
b) lnh cu ha trn nc cabin m ca thot him, ko thang c ct gi trn nc cabin ra v
t thang vo trong cabin;
c) nhng ngi b mc kt tro ln thang;
d) lnh cha chy v ngi b mc kt thot ra ca tng m, dng thang nu cn thit.
7.4 Quy trnh t gii cu
a) lnh cha chy b mc kt m ca thot him;
b) lnh cha chy tro ln nc cabin bng nhng ch c bc trong cabin hoc bng thang c
ct gi trong t ca cabin;
c) lnh cha chy b mc kt s dng thang (nu cn thit) tho kha ca tng t bn trong
v thot ra.
Ph lc A
(tham kho)
Khi nim cha chy i vi cc ta nh cao tng
Khi nim ny khng bao hm cc bin php thot him bng cc phng tin khc nh cc cu
thang cu h khn cp v.v
CH THCH: Cc ni dung sau ch l mt v d minh ha cc ri ro v cc khi nim khc
nhau c th c s dng trong cc quc gia khc nhau.
A.1 Li gii thiu
Cu trc ca ta nh, s pht hin khi, cc h thng bo ng, thit b dp tt la, cc van ly
nc v.vbuc phi tun theo cc quy nh ca quc gia v xy dng.

Thng thng ngha phc v cha chy ca thut ng cao tng p dng cho cc ta nh c
cc tng trn tm vi ca thit b phc v cha chy. Cc m chy trong cc ta nh cao tng
khng mi. C l m chy u tin ghi c xy ra nm 1908 khi ta nh 12 tng Parker
New York b chy trn tt c cc tng. Nm 1911 c 148 ngi b cht do m chy ti
tng th 10 ca nh my Shirt Waister. Nm 1916, do hu qu ca cc m chy ny v cc
m chy tng t khc. Hi ng thnh ph New York xem xt li b lut xy dng ca
mnh a ra cc i tng c bit nh cu thang bo v, ngun in nc cho cha chy,
thang my v bnh phun.
S pht trin mnh ca thi i nh cao tng t ra cc kin trc s v dch v cha chy hai
vn c tnh quyt nh. Vn u tin l phi thit k cc ta nh c kh nng chng chy
v s lan rng ca khi v c an ton cao i vi c dn trong cc ta nh. Vn th hai l
phi a vo trong cng cc ta nh ny cc phng tin cha chy c nh v cc thit b gii
cu c hiu qu thit thc.
S lng cc thang my cha chy v v tr ca chng trong ta nh c xc nh bi cc quy
nh ca quc gia v l cng c quan trng cha chy, vn chuyn lnh cha chy v thit b
v dng thc hin nhim v s tn di s iu khin ca lnh cha chy.
A.2 Nhng vn c bn
Khi i cha chy c gi n mt m chy th s p ng phi nhanh nht. Cc ngun ti
chnh ng k c s phc v nhanh, l nn tng bo m cho s cha chy v gii cu c
hiu qu. Tuy nhin, thi gian i ti li vo ca mt ta nh ch chim mt phn nh trong thi
gian dng di chuyn trong ta nh tip cn m chy v bt u cc hot ng cha chy
hoc gii cu ngi.
Cc nhn vin ca i cha chy i mt vi nhim v cha chy trn tng cao cn c kh nng
tip cn m chy nhanh v an ton khi mang theo bn mnh thit b cha chy. S an ton v
thn th v tnh mng ca bn thn nhn vin ca i cha chy v c dn sng trong ta nh
cng nh s bo v ta nh v cc th cha trong ta nh c th b ri ro do chm tr. Khi tip
cn c m chy, lnh cha chy phi c ngh lc ginh cho nhim v cha chy gian kh
v ko di.
Cc dch v khn cp thng ph thuc vo s d kin trc ca ngi thit k trong vic cung
cp cc phng tin cn thit vn hnh c hiu qu trong ta nh mt khi cc dch v ny cn
n. iu ny c ngha l trong ta nh cao tng, vic cung cp mt thang my cha chy l rt
cn thit. Mt thang my cha chy lun sn sng cho s dng v c kt cu thch hp cho s
dng ca lnh cha chy v duy tr c kh nng s dng lu di ti mc c th trong cc hot
ng cha chy. Cn phi tha nhn rng, v mt k thut v kinh t khng th tn ti c vic
thit k v cung cp mt thang my c bo m l khng bao gi b h hng. Tuy nhin,
nhng ngi thit k v lp t cn nhn thc rng i cha chy ch yu da vo vic s dng
thang my.
Trong mt m chy m cc thang my (khc vi cc thang my chuyn dng s tn) khng
c dng nh mt phng tin thot him th mi nguy i vi nhng ngi b mc kt trong
cabin nu thang my b hng l rt ln. K hoch s tn ngi trong ta nh nn da trn vic
s dng cc cu thang.
Nguyn tc thit k phng chy cho cc ging thang, cc cu thang, cc hnh lang phng
chy v cc cabin ca thang my l mt quy trnh k thut di c xc lp, nguyn tc ny
cn c xem xt nh mt phn thit yu v gn lin vi vic cung cp mt thang my cha
chy.
A.3 Cc hot ng phc v cha chy
(Xem Hnh A.1)
Khi i n tng phc v cha chy, quy trnh k thut phc v cha chy bnh thng l iu
khin thang my cha chy. Khi gi c thang my cha chy s dng, cc lnh cha
chy s dng thang my ny vn chuyn thit b ca h ti mt tng bn di tng c m

chy to thnh mt u cu (im kim sot pha di). Phng php ny trnh cho nhn
vin phc v cha chy v cabin b phi ra trc tip trc ri ro b thng hoc nguy him trc
khi c th nh gi c tnh trng ca m chy v bt u vic cha chy.
Ngi ch huy ph trch im kim sot pha trc chu trch nhim thc hin k hoch tn
cng. Cc hot ng cha chy s c a ra t mt khu vc c bo v khng c khi. Cc
i cha chy c chuyn t im kim sot pha trc tn cng m chy c gng mang
cc ng ng mm khng cht ti ti tng c m chy v ni vi ngun nc cp ti tng
ny. Quy trnh ny s bo m cho cc ng x nc thng ng theo cu thang khng phi ni
vi ng ng mm v chu nh hng ca khi. Ch khi khng bo v c cc iu kin cha
chy trn tng c m chy th nn ni mt ng mm vi u ra ca ng x nc thng ng
trn mt tng thp hn.
Thang my cha chy s tip tc c s dng vn chuyn thit b v nhn vin cha chy
trong sut qu trnh xy ra m chy.
Vic cha chy, do bn cht ca n i hi phi s dng rt nhiu nc, v do iu thit yu
l vic lp t thang my phi c thit k bo v c thit b in trc mi nguy ny.
Vic gi v thang my cha chy c th c thc hin t ng nu thang my ny c lin
kt vi mt h thng bo ng chy nh quy nh trong TCVN 6396-73:2010 (EN 81-73). Tuy
nhin trong trng hp ny thang my cha chy s li ti tng phc v cha chy ti khi
cng tc ca thang my cu ha c vn hnh.
A.4 Thang my cha chy
Khc vi mt thang my thng thng, thang my cha chy c thit k vn hnh vi iu
kin l khi c m chy trong cc b phn ca ta nh. Thang my c th c s dng nh
mt thang my ch ngi (hnh khch) khi khng c m chy. gim ri ro b tc ngn ti li
vo khi thang my c yu cu vn hnh phc v lnh cha chy, nn hn ch s dng
thang my cha chy vn chuyn ph thi v hng ha.
tin cy ca cc ngun cung cp in v s in l iu thit yu vn hnh thang my
cha chy.
A.5 Gii cu i cha chy
(Xem Ph lc G)
C th khng chc chn rng cc c gng ca i cha chy s a n thnh cng v phi
quan tm n vic m chy pht trin s nh hng n s vn hnh ca thang my. Rt c
th l i cha chy s tip tc s dng thang my khi c tnh trng h hng trong ta nh.
Do , ngay c khi c cung cp tt c cc yu t an ton th thang my cng c th khng
vn hnh c vi ngi ang b mc kt bn trong cabin. Trong cc trng hp ny s tip
cn h thng phc hi li thang my cng rt c th khng thc hin c. V vy, iu thit yu
l cabin phi c li vo lnh cha chy b mc kt c th t gii cu c hoc c gii cu
bi nhng ngi khc. C th c nhiu cch thc hin c yu cu ny.

CH DN
1 Thang my cu ha
2 Tng c chy
3 u cu (Bridge-head)
4 Cc kh nng
5 Nc trn tng
6 Ca chng chy
7 Hnh lang phng chy
8 Cu thang (ng thot him)
CH THCH: y ch l mt v d v cc khi nim khc c th c s dng trong cc quc gia
khc nhau.
- chy c tn cng t hnh lang phng chy;
- mt u cu c thit lp trong hnh lang phng chy ti mt tng thp hn.
Hnh A.1 Chy lin k vi hnh lang phng chy

* Trng hp ny, chy lan rt xa v hot ng ca thang my cha chy khng th m bo

cho mc ch cha chy hoc cu h.
CH DN:
1 Thang my cu ha
2 Tng c chy
3 u cu (Bridge-head)
6 Ca chng chy
7 Hnh lang phng chy
8 Cu thang (ng thot him)
9 Ca chng chy hoc tng b ph hy.
CH THCH: y ch l mt v d v cc khi nim khc c th c s dng trong cc quc gia
khc nhau:
- cui cng sau mt thi gian m chy trn vo hnh lang phng chy;
- ri ro khng c cp trong tiu chun ny.
Hnh A.2 Chy ln trong hnh lang phng chy
Ph lc B
(Tham kho)

Cc s b tr c bn i vi thang my cha chy

S b tr v sc chu la ca cc ca v tng (vch) nn ph hp vi cc quy nh ca quc
gia v phng chy.
Cc yu cu v sc chu la v thit b c quy nh trong cc quy nh ca quc gia v phng
chy bi:
- cc ng thot him ca ta nh;
- s tng ca ta nh;
- ti trng m chy ca ta nh;
- thit b dp la t ng ca ta nh;
- v.v
Cc s sau ch minh ha v c th c cc cu trc khc ca ta nh.

CH DN:
1 Hnh lang phng chy;
2 Thang my cha chy;
Hnh B.1 S b tr c bn ca mt thang my cha chy v hnh lang phng chy

CH DN:
1 Hnh lang phng chy;
2 Thang my cha chy;
3 Thang my thng thng;
4 Tng chng chy trung gian nu c yu cu ca quy nh quc gia v xy dng
Hnh B.2 S b tr c bn ca mt thang my cha chy trong mt ging thang c
nhiu thang my v hnh lang phng chy

CH DN:
1 Hnh lang phng chy;

2 Thang my cha chy;

3 Thang my thng thng;
4 Tng chng chy trung gian nu c yu cu ca quy nh quc gia v xy dng
5 Hnh lang phng chy ca thang my chnh;
6 Ti ng thot him;
Hnh B.3 S b tr c bn ca mt thang my cha chy c hai li vo trong mt
ging thang c nhiu thang my v hnh lang phng chy
Ph lc C
(Tham kho)
Cc ngun cung cp in cho thang my cha chy

S cung cp c bo v trnh nh hng ca m chy

S cung cp bnh thng
Hnh C.1 V d v cc ngun cp in cho thang my cha chy
Ph lc D
(Quy nh)
S bo v trnh nc trong ging thang

CH DN:
1 Cabin ca thang my cha chy;
2 Tng c m chy;
3 u cu (Bridge-head);
4 Nc r r t tng c m chy;
5 Vng c bo v trnh nc trong ging thang v trn cabin;
6 Mc nc r r ln nht trong h ging thang.
Hnh D.1 Bo v thit b in trnh nc
Ph lc E
(tham kho)
Cc khi nim v ngn phng chy

CH DN
1 Ging thang to thnh mt ngn phng chy tch bit qua tt c cc tng;
2 Cu thang (ng thot him) to thnh mt ngn phng tch bit qua tt c cc tng;
3 Cc hnh lang phng chy, mi hnh lang to thnh mt ngn phng chy trn mi tng;
4 Cc khu vc s dng cha mt hoc nhiu ngn phng chy trn mi tng;
5 Khng gian lp my khng c ch ra y. N c th c b tr cc a im khc nhau
nhng thng thuc v cng mt ngn phng chy ca ging thang.
Hnh E.1 Cc khi nim v ngn phng chy
Cc khu vc s dng s c ni vi thang my cha chy ch qua mt hnh lang phng chy,
to thnh mt ngn phng chy tch bit.
Ging thang c th cha cc thang my khc thang my cha chy trong cng mt ngn phng
chy.
Ph lc F
(Quy nh)
Hnh minh ha dng cho thang my cha chy

Hnh minh ha c mu trng

Nn mu
- 20 mm x 20 mm dng cho biu tng trn bng iu khin cabin;
- ti thiu l 100 mm x 100 mm trn mt tng dng;
- trn mt bng iu khin cabin c hai li vo c s dng iu khin cha chy phi c
mt biu tng 20 mm x 20 mm.
Hnh F.1 Hnh minh ha dng cho mt thang my cha chy
Ph lc G
(Tham kho)
Cc v d v khi nim gii cu i vi lnh cha chy

Quy trnh gii cu t bn ngoi lnh cha chy

m ca tng pha trn cabin v i vo trn
nc cabin.
Lnh cha chy trn nc cabin m ca thot
him, ko thang c ct gi bn trn nc
cabin ra (v tr a) v t thang vo trong cabin
(v tr b). Ngi b mc kt tro ln thang. Cc
lnh cha chy v ngi b mc kt thot ra qua
ca tng m, nu cn thit bng cch dng
thang (v tr c)

CH DN
1 Ca thot him;
2 Thang xch tay c ct gi trn cabin.
Hnh G.1 Gii cu t bn ngoi thang my bng mt thang xch tay c ct gi trn
cabin
* Quy trnh gii cu t bn ngoi
Lnh cha chy b mc kt m ca thot him.
Lnh cha chy tro ln nc cabin bng cc
bc trong cabin.
Lnh cha chy b mc kt s dng thang xch
tay (nu cn thit) c ct gi trn nc cabin
m kha ca tng t bn trong ging thang
v thot ra.

CH DN:
2 Thang xch tay c ct gi trn nc cabin;
3 Kha ca tng;

4 Cc bc
Hnh G.2 T gii cu bng mt thang xch tay c ct gi trn cabin
C th s dng khi nim ny ch khi khong cch gia cc ngng ca tng thch hp vi
chiu di ca thang
* Quy trnh t gii cu
Lnh cha chy b mc kt m ca t v ly
thang c ct gi trong t ra (v tr a)
Lnh cha chy b mc kt m ca thot him
Lnh cha chy b mc kt tro ln nc cabin
bng thang (v tr b).
Lnh cha chy b mc kt s dng thang (nu
cn thit) (v tr c) m kha ca tng t bn
trong v thot ra

CH DN
1 Ca thot him;
3 Kha ca tng;
5 Thang xch tay c ct gi trong t cabin
Hnh G.3 T gii cu bng mt thang xch tay c ct gi trong t bn trong cabin
C th s dng khi nim ny ch khi khong cch gia cc ngng ca tng thch hp vi
chiu di ca thang.
MC LC
Li ni u
0 Li gii thiu
1 Phm vi p dng
2 Ti liu vin dn
3 Thut ng v nh ngha
4 Danh mc cc mi nguy chnh
5 Yu cu an ton v/hoc cc bin php bo v
6 Kim tra cc yu cu an ton v/hoc cc bin php bo v
7 Thng tin cho s dng
Ph lc A: Khi nim cha chy i vi cc ta nh cao tng

Ph lc B: Cc s b tr c bn i vi thang my cha chy

Ph lc C: Cc ngun cung cp in cho thang my cha chy
Ph lc D: S bo v trnh nc trong ging thang
Ph lc E: Cc khi nim v ngn phng chy
Ph lc F: Hnh minh ha dng cho thang my cha chy
Ph lc G: Cc v d v khi nim gii cu i vi lnh cha chy