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    1) The document discusses hyphema, which is blood in the aqueous humor of the eye. It can occur after blunt trauma to the eye and causes a visible layer of blood in the eye. 2) Initial assessment of hyphema involves examination with a flashlight, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and ultrasound to check for secondary bleeding, glaucoma, and corneal staining. 3) Treatment involves bed rest, ice compresses, hot compresses, eye bandaging, glaucoma medication, steroid drops, and avoiding aspirin and NSAIDs. Surgery may be needed if glaucoma or rebleeding occurs.

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    1) The document discusses hyphema, which is blood in the aqueous humor of the eye. It can occur after blunt trauma to the eye and causes a visible layer of blood in the eye. 2) Initial assessment of hyphema involves examination with a flashlight, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and ultrasound to check for secondary bleeding, glaucoma, and corneal staining. 3) Treatment involves bed rest, ice compresses, hot compresses, eye bandaging, glaucoma medication, steroid drops, and avoiding aspirin and NSAIDs. Surgery may be needed if glaucoma or rebleeding occurs.

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    8 views14 pages

    Hyphema PDF

    Uploaded by

    nadiiaamaliia
    1) The document discusses hyphema, which is blood in the aqueous humor of the eye. It can occur after blunt trauma to the eye and causes a visible layer of blood in the eye. 2) Initial assessment of hyphema involves examination with a flashlight, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and ultrasound to check for secondary bleeding, glaucoma, and corneal staining. 3) Treatment involves bed rest, ice compresses, hot compresses, eye bandaging, glaucoma medication, steroid drops, and avoiding aspirin and NSAIDs. Surgery may be needed if glaucoma or rebleeding occurs.

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    of 14

    HYPHEMA

    ZALDI
    FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
    UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA
    MEDAN
    2013
    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    Dengan menyebut nama Allah


    Yang Maha Pengasih Maha Penyayang.

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    I. TUJUAN INSTRUKSIONAL UMUM


    3

    Setelah Proses Belajar Mengajar mahasiswa


    mampu
    menegakkan diagnosa hifema
    dengan
    melakukan
    anamnese
    dan
    pemeriksaan sederhana yang akan dipelajari
    selama masa perkuliahan dengan baik dan
    benar .
    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    II. TUJUAN INSTRUKSIONAL KHUSUS


    4

    Setelah Proses Belajar Mengajar mahasiswa


    mampu mengetahui tanda dan gejala , faktor
    resiko, prinsip pengobatan, komplikasi, dan
    mengkonsulkan secara garis besar dengan
    baik dan benar kasus-kasus hifema sesuai
    dengan kompetensinya
    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    DEFINITION
    5

    Contusive forces will frequently tear the


    iris vessels and damage the anterior
    chamber angle. Blood in the aqueous may
    settle out in a visible layer (hyphema)

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    HYPHEMA & HEMOSIDEROSIS


    6

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    INITIAL ASSESSMENT
    7

    Flashlight
    Slit lamp Biomicroscopy
    Ultrasound examination.
    Secondary bleeding ( Rebleeding )
    Glaucoma
    Corneal blood staining from iron pigment.

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    TREATMENT
    8

    BED REST , ELEVATION 30 45 DEGREES


    ICE COMPRESS 12 DAYS (CONSTRICTION)
    HOT COMPRESS ( ABSORPTION )
    EYE BANDAGE
    GLAUCOMA AGENTS
    STEROID DROPS
    ASPIRIN AND NSAID MUST BE AVOIDED
    PUPILLARY DILATION
    REBLEEDING
    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    COMPLICATION
    9

    Rebleeding occurs in 16 - 20% of cases within 2 3 days.

    a high risk of glaucoma and


    corneal staining.

    Several studies indicate that the use of oral


    aminocaproic acid (100 mg/kg every 4 hours up to
    a maximum of 30 g/d for 5 days) to stabilize clot
    formation reduces the risk of rebleeding.
    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    GLAUCOMA MANAGEMENT
    10

    TOPICAL THERAPY
    - Beta blockers (eg, timolol 0.25% twice daily),
    - Prostaglandin analogs (eg, latanoprost
    0.005% in the evening)
    ORAL THERAPY
    - Acetazolamide, 250 mg orally four times a day
    - Hyperosmotic agents (mannitol 20% , glycerol
    50%)
    SURGERY
    - Glaucoma drainage surgery (trabeculectomy)
    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    HYPHEMA SURGERY
    11

    PARACENTESIS ( EVACUATED HYPHEMA )


    IOP > 35 mm Hg for 7 days
    IOP > 50 mm Hg for 5 days

    optic nerve damage


    corneal staining

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    REFERENCES
    12

    American Academy of Ophthalmology, External


    Disease and Cornea, Section 10 , 2011-2012
    Khurana AK, Comprehensive Ophthalmology, Fourth
    Edition , New Delhi, New Age Internasional (p) Limited
    Publisher, 2007.
    Vaughan & Asbury's :
    General Ophthalmology
    17th Edition , Mc Graw- Hills Companies , May 2007

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    Segala puji bagi Allah, Tuhan semesta alam.

    13

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

    14

    THANKS YOU

    ZALDI

    HYPHEMA

    5/6/2013 7:14 AM

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